Ka frequency band transmitting and receiving antenna
By designing the ring slot ring and waveguide conversion hole of the Ka-band transceiver antenna, high gain and high efficiency electromagnetic wave radiation is achieved, solving the problem of difficult circular polarized wave radiation of the slot antenna, and it has the characteristics of simple structure and high gain.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411395627.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing slot antennas are difficult to achieve circular polarized wave radiation, limiting their use in high-frequency applications.
A Ka frequency band transceiver antenna is designed, using the first metal disk and the second metal disk to form an annular gap ring, and the rotational form of electromagnetic waves is stimulated in the waveguide conversion hole, so as to achieve high gain and high efficiency through the radial line gap antenna. Waveguide gap array.
High gain and high efficiency electromagnetic wave radiation is achieved, ensuring equal-amplitude excitation and circular polarized wave radiation, and has the advantages of simple structure, low profile and easy to achieve high gain.
Smart Images
Figure CN119209011A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transceiver antennas, and in particular to a Ka-band transceiver antenna. Background Art
[0002] Microstrip antennas are widely used in satellite communications, navigation and other fields due to their thin profile, light weight, conformal conformity with carriers, and easy integration with active devices. However, the prominent disadvantage of the narrow frequency band of microstrip antennas limits their practical applications. At present, slot antennas are more commonly used in high-frequency applications. They have the advantages of low processing accuracy and can be produced on copper-clad circuit boards using standard photolithography technology. However, it is difficult to achieve equal-amplitude excitation in existing slot antennas, making it difficult to achieve circularly polarized wave radiation of slot antennas. Summary of the invention
[0003] The main technical problem solved by the present application is to provide a Ka-band transceiver antenna to solve the problem that circularly polarized wave radiation of slot antennas is difficult to achieve.
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide a Ka-band transceiver antenna, including a first metal disk and a second metal disk, the first metal disk and the second metal disk are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the first metal disk is provided with a plurality of radiation slots, the plurality of the radiation slots form an annular slot ring, the annular slot ring is provided with a plurality of them, distributed sequentially with the center of the first metal disk, the annular slot ring gradually increases from the center to the outside, the second metal disk is provided with a waveguide conversion hole, the waveguide conversion hole is used to excite the rotation form of the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave in the radial waveguide.
[0005] In some embodiments, in the same annular gap ring, the spacing between adjacent radiation gaps is the same.
[0006] In some embodiments, the radiation slot includes a first slot and a second slot arranged in pair, and the first slot and the second slot are arranged vertically.
[0007] In some embodiments, the first slit has the same shape and size as the second slit.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first gap is adjacent to one end of the second gap and is spaced apart from the second gap.
[0009] In some embodiments, the first slit is perpendicular to a side of a centerline of the second slit.
[0010] In some embodiments, the first gap is adjacent to the center of the first metal disk, and the second gap is away from the center of the first metal disk.
[0011] In some embodiments, the waveguide conversion hole includes a first conversion hole and a second conversion hole, and the first conversion hole and the second conversion hole are cross-arranged.
[0012] In some embodiments, the length of the first conversion aperture is greater than the length of the second conversion aperture.
[0013] In some embodiments, a waveguide conversion hole is connected to a side away from the first metal plate, and a waveguide converter is used to achieve waveguide conversion.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the transceiver antenna adopts a radial line slot antenna, which is a high-gain and high-efficiency waveguide slot array antenna based on a radial line waveguide. The transceiver antenna is composed of a first metal disk and a second metal disk, and cylindrical waves in the radial direction can be transmitted between the first metal disk and the second metal disk. A number of radiation slots are opened on the first metal disk to radiate electromagnetic waves, and different types of electromagnetic waves can be radiated according to different arrangements of the radiation slots. Since the loss of air and conductors is very small, this type of antenna has a high radiation efficiency, and has the advantages of simple structure, low profile, and easy to achieve high gain. The radiation slots are replicated by rotation along the center and arranged in a ring to form a ring slot circle. In the case of a radial waveguide transmission rotating field, a circularly polarized radiation array can be formed. This can ensure the equal amplitude excitation of the transceiver antenna and provide a basis for the realization of circularly polarized wave radiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0017] Figure 3 is a bottom-up structural schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a side view structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a side view structure from another direction according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the AA direction;
[0021] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the middle BB direction;
[0022] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation gap according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide conversion hole according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Fig.10 The simulated standing wave ratio of the transceiver antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Fig.11 is a simulated gain pattern of a transceiver antenna at 23.12 GHz according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Fig.12 is a simulated gain pattern of a transceiver antenna at 23.14 GHz according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0027] Fig.13 is a simulated gain pattern of a transceiver antenna at 23.4 GHz according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0028] Fig.14 is a simulated gain pattern of a transceiver antenna at 23.42 GHz according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0029] Fig.15 It is a simulated axial ratio of the transceiver antenna at each frequency point according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or indirectly connected to the other component.
[0032] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0033] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0034] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them. They are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented, so they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.
[0035] Figure 1-Figure 9 An embodiment of the Ka-band transceiver antenna of the present application is shown, including a first metal disk 1 and a second metal disk 2, the first metal disk 1 and the second metal disk 2 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the first metal disk 1 is provided with a plurality of radiation slots 111, the plurality of radiation slots 111 form an annular slot ring 11, a plurality of annular slot rings 11 are provided, distributed sequentially with the center of the first metal disk 1, the annular slot ring 11 gradually increases from the center to the outside, the annular slot ring 11 is used to radiate electromagnetic waves, the second metal disk 2 is spaced apart from the first metal disk 1, a waveguide conversion hole 21 is provided on the second metal disk 2, and the waveguide conversion hole 21 is used to excite the rotation form of the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave in the radial waveguide.
[0036] The transceiver antenna adopts a radial line slot antenna, which is a high-gain and high-efficiency waveguide slot array antenna based on a radial line waveguide. The transceiver antenna is composed of a first metal disk 1 and a second metal disk 2, and cylindrical waves in the radial direction can be transmitted between the first metal disk 1 and the second metal disk 2. A number of radiation slots 111 are opened on the first metal disk 1 to radiate electromagnetic waves, and different types of electromagnetic waves can be radiated according to different arrangements of the radiation slots 111. Since the loss of air and conductors is very small, the transceiver antenna has a high radiation efficiency, and has the advantages of simple structure, low profile, and easy to achieve high gain. The radiation slots 111 are replicated by rotation along the center and arranged in a ring to form a ring slot ring 11. In the case of a radial waveguide transmission rotating field, a circularly polarized radiation array can be formed. This can ensure the equal amplitude excitation of the transceiver antenna and provide a basis for the realization of circularly polarized wave radiation.
[0037] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first metal disk 1 and the second metal disk 2 are in a square structure. Seven annular gap rings 11 are arranged on the first metal disk 1, and each annular gap ring 11 includes a plurality of different numbers of radiation gaps 111. The number of radiation gaps 111 in the annular gap ring 11 gradually increases from the center to the outside, and different types of electromagnetic waves can be radiated according to different arrangements of the radiation gaps 111 in the annular gap ring 11.
[0038] In some embodiments, in the same annular slot ring 11, the spacing between the radiation slots 111 is the same, and the angles with the radial radius of each position should be equal, thereby further ensuring the equal amplitude excitation of the transmitting and receiving antennas and realizing circularly polarized wave radiation.
[0039] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the radiation slot 111 includes a first slot 1111 and a second slot 1112 arranged in pairs, and the first slot 1111 and the second slot 1112 are arranged vertically. The first slot 1111 and the second slot 1112 can be arranged in different positional relationships according to requirements, so as to radiate different types of electromagnetic waves.
[0040] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, one end of the first slit 1111 is located on the side of the vertical line of the center of the second slit 1112 .
[0041] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the first gap 1111 is square in the middle and semicircular at both ends.
[0042] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the first gap 1111 is adjacent to the center of the first metal plate 1 , and the second gap 1112 is away from the center of the first metal plate 1 .
[0043] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the first slit 1111 is not connected to the second slit 1112 , and the first slit 1111 is adjacent to one end of the second slit 1112 and is spaced apart from the second slit 1112 .
[0044] In some embodiments, the first slot 1111 has the same shape and size as the second slot 1112. This further ensures equal amplitude excitation of the transceiver antenna and realizes circularly polarized wave radiation.
[0045] In some embodiments, in order to ensure that the excitation phase difference is 90°, the radial path difference between the first slot 1111 and the second slot 1112 at their respective locations is a quarter wavelength. In this way, the radiation slot 111 pair composed of the first slot 1111 and the second slot 1112 can realize the radiation of circularly polarized waves.
[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, the waveguide conversion hole 21 is arranged at the center of the second metal plate 2. The waveguide conversion hole 21 includes a first conversion hole 211 and a second conversion hole 212, and the first conversion hole 211 and the second conversion hole 212 are arranged crosswise. Thus, the rotation form of the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave excited in the radial waveguide is realized.
[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, the first conversion hole 211 and the second conversion hole 212 are vertically crossed.
[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, the length of the first conversion hole 211 is different from the length of the second conversion hole 212. Thus, the rotation of the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave is excited in the radial waveguide in the form of perturbation.
[0049] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, the length a of the first conversion hole 211 is greater than the length b of the second conversion hole 212 .
[0050] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, the first conversion hole 211 and the second conversion hole 212 are square in the middle and semicircular at both ends.
[0051] The port matching is adjusted by adjusting the aspect ratio of the first conversion hole 211 and the second conversion hole 212, as well as the distance between the first conversion hole 211 and the second conversion hole 212 and the center of the second metal disk 2; at the same time, the length and inclination angle of the first conversion hole 211 and the second conversion hole 212 are optimized to ensure the excitation of the rotating field on the one hand, and to minimize the field amplitude fluctuation along the circumferential direction on the other hand.
[0052] In some embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the side of the waveguide conversion hole 21 away from the first metal plate 1 is connected to a waveguide converter 3, and the waveguide converter 3 is used to realize waveguide conversion.
[0053] In some embodiments, the antenna has a planar size of 180 mm×180 mm, a height of less than 19 mm, and a weight of less than 300 grams. The antenna interface can be set to 2.92-K.
[0054] like Fig.10 As shown, the simulated standing wave ratio of the transceiver antenna in the working section is less than 1.3, the gain at each frequency point reaches 30.8dBi, the beam width is about 4.0°~4.3°, and the normal axis ratio is less than 1dB.
[0055] The simulated gain pattern of the transmitting and receiving antenna at 23.12GHz is shown in Fig.11 As shown, the simulated gain pattern of the transmitting and receiving antenna at 23.14GHz is as follows Fig.12 As shown, the simulated gain pattern of the transmitting and receiving antenna at 23.4GHz is as follows Fig.13 As shown, the simulated gain pattern of the transmitting and receiving antenna at 23.42GHz is as follows Fig.14 As shown in the figure, the simulated axial ratio of the transmitting and receiving antenna at each frequency point (23.12GHz~23.42GHz) is as follows Fig.15 As shown. Combined Figure 10-15 It can be seen that the indicators of the transmitting and receiving antennas are shown in Table 1.
[0056] Table 1 Indicators of transceiver antennas
[0057]
[0058] It can be seen that the present application discloses a Ka-band transceiver antenna, which adopts a radial line slot antenna, a high-gain and high-efficiency waveguide slot array antenna based on a radial line waveguide. The transceiver antenna is composed of a first metal disk and a second metal disk, between which cylindrical waves in a radial direction can be transmitted. A number of radiation slots are opened on the first metal disk to radiate electromagnetic waves, and different types of electromagnetic waves can be radiated according to different arrangements of the radiation slots. Since the loss of air and conductors is very small, this type of antenna has a high radiation efficiency, and has the advantages of simple structure, low profile, and easy to achieve high gain.
[0059] The above are merely embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A Ka-band transceiver antenna, characterized in that: It includes a first metal disk and a second metal disk, the first metal disk and the second metal disk are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the first metal disk is provided with a plurality of radiation slots, the plurality of the radiation slots form an annular slot ring, a plurality of the annular slot rings are provided, which are distributed sequentially with the center of the first metal disk, and the annular slot rings gradually increase from the center to the outside, and the second metal disk is provided with a waveguide conversion hole, the waveguide conversion hole is used to excite the rotation form of the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave in the radial waveguide.
2. The Ka-band transceiver antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the same annular gap ring, the distances between adjacent radiation gaps are the same.
3. The Ka-band transceiver antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radiation slots include a first slot and a second slot arranged in pair, and the first slot and the second slot are arranged vertically.
4. The Ka-band transceiver antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first gap and the second gap have the same shape and size.
5. The Ka-band transceiver antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first gap is adjacent to one end of the second gap and is spaced apart from the second gap.
6. The Ka-band transceiver antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first slit is perpendicular to the side of the center line of the second slit.
7. The Ka-band transceiver antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first gap is adjacent to the center of the first metal disk, and the second gap is away from the center of the first metal disk.
8. The Ka-band transceiver antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide conversion hole includes a first conversion hole and a second conversion hole, and the first conversion hole and the second conversion hole are cross-arranged.
9. The Ka-band transceiver antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The length of the first conversion hole is greater than the length of the second conversion hole.
10. The Ka-band transceiver antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waveguide converter is connected to a side of the waveguide conversion hole away from the first metal disk, and the waveguide converter is used to realize waveguide conversion.