Self-decoding Internet of Things system and equipment code-free access method based on object model metadata

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, in particular to a self-decoding Internet of Things system and equipment code-free access method based on object model metadata. According to the technical scheme, an object model is predefined in a system, the object model comprises attributes, events, instructions and services of equipment, and each attribute, event, instruction and service has a unique metadata ID; the equipment carries the metadata ID when reporting the data, and the system automatically matches description in the object model according to the metadata ID, analyzes data type, length and unit information, and completes automatic analysis and processing of the data; it is not needed to develop and customize analysis codes for different equipment types, and rapid access and non-coding of the equipment are achieved. According to the invention, the system automatically analyzes the data reported by the equipment according to the predefined object model metadata, does not need extra development work, simplifies the access process of the equipment, improves the access efficiency, adapts to the rapid change of the equipment, and has the advantages of strong universality, easy expansion and easy maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, and in particular to a self-decoding Internet of Things system based on object model metadata and a device code-free access method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the IoT device access process is complicated, and usually requires customized parsing code for each private application layer device protocol. With the increase in the types of IoT devices, the formats and contents of the device-reported data protocols vary. The development workload of the existing code access solutions is huge and prone to errors, which affects the efficiency of device online and the scalability of the platform. This situation is particularly obvious in multi-protocol and multi-device scenarios, and has become a bottleneck in the development of IoT platforms. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-decoding Internet of Things system based on object model metadata and a device codeless access method in order to simplify the device access process, so that the system can automatically parse the device reported data according to the predefined object model metadata, simplify the device access process, improve the access efficiency, reduce human errors, adapt to the rapid changes of equipment, and solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the background technology.

[0004] The present invention can be implemented by the following technical solutions: A self-decoding Internet of Things system based on object model metadata, the system includes: products, intelligent services, object models, protocol parsers and device management modules; the product is an abstract collection of a type of equipment in the system, which is a group of equipment with the same function definition; the device belongs to a specific product of the system, and the product needs to be created in the system first; when creating the product, the transmission protocol, data protocol, security level and data format are selected, and after the creation is completed, each product will have a product identification code on the system side; The smart service is a communication service that interacts with the device and is used to receive data reported by the device and process the data; The object model is the digital identification of the device in the system. The object model definition is required after the product is created. The object model includes four aspects: attributes, instructions, events, and services. In the process of creating the object model, the various attributes of the data report and the data items used in the functions, events, and services should first be defined in the attributes, so as to assign metadata IDs. Instructions, events, and services are created based on the defined attributes. Each instruction, event, and service will be assigned a corresponding metadata ID. At the same time, the data items used are also configured by selecting the content that has been defined in the attributes, ensuring that the data items used by instructions, events, and services have metadata IDs. The protocol analyzer is used for automatic analysis of device data; The device management module is used for inputting and managing device information.

[0005] Furthermore, the smart service can be created by itself, or the system can be pre-set to select the smart service; when creating the smart service by itself, it is necessary to define the name, service port, transmission protocol and data protocol of the smart service. After the product is created, it is necessary to bind the smart service, and select the qualified smart service according to the transmission protocol and data protocol of the product for binding for device access.

[0006] Furthermore, after the data of the device is reported to the port corresponding to the intelligent service, the protocol parser automatically parses the device reported data according to the description of the device's object model metadata; this process is the process of identifying the corresponding metadata and completing the parsing based on the data reported by the device.

[0007] Furthermore, the device information is entered into the product corresponding to the system by using device management, and the corresponding device number is filled in. The device number is unique under the same product, and a unique identification code of the device on the system side is automatically generated.

[0008] A method for codeless access to self-decoding IoT system devices based on object model metadata. The object model is predefined in the system. The object model includes attributes, events, instructions and services of the device. Each attribute, event, instruction and service has a unique metadata ID. The device carries the metadata ID when reporting data. The system automatically matches the description in the object model according to the metadata ID, parses the data type, length and unit information, and completes automatic parsing and processing of the data. There is no need to develop customized parsing codes for different device types, so that fast access and codeless operation of the device can be achieved.

[0009] The present invention comprises the following specific steps: ① Create products: The system administrator creates corresponding products on the system according to the device information to be accessed, and configures the access transmission protocol, data protocol, data format and security level; ②Configure intelligent services: The system administrator selects the corresponding intelligent services for configuration according to the product's transmission protocol and data protocol for device reporting; ③Object model definition: Before the device is connected, the system administrator configures the object model corresponding to the product, including attributes, events, instructions and services. The data content of each attribute, event, instruction and service is assigned a unique metadata ID. Each attribute contains detailed description information, which constitutes the metadata of the object model. ④Device login authentication: When a device is connected for the first time, it will be authenticated through intelligent service login. After verification, the system will automatically load the metadata of the object model corresponding to the product to which the device belongs; ⑤ Device data reporting: The device reports data to the smart service in the format specified by the transmission protocol and data protocol. The data field carries the data ID and actual data value. ⑥ Automatic analysis by the platform: The protocol analyzer of the system automatically analyzes the metadata ID in the data domain by loading the metadata of the object model, and performs data processing according to the information described in the object model; ⑦ Data application: The parsed data is applied to various business scenarios. Through the metadata description of the object model, automatic parsing of the data reported by the device is realized, without the need to write custom code for each device. When a new device is connected or an existing device is changed, the data domain is organized according to the metadata in the frame format defined by the system, and the corresponding object model is defined on the system at the same time. No code changes are required, which greatly improves the efficiency of device access.

[0010] Furthermore, the step ④ device login authentication: when the device logs in for authentication, the system determines whether the device's access information is legal and completes the device authentication; device authentication is divided into three cases, device coding, one machine one password, and one type one password. Device coding authentication requires the device to carry the device code when authenticating; one machine one password requires the device to carry the device number and the device's identification code in the system when reporting; one type one password requires the device to report the protocol device number and the identification code of the product to which it belongs. Authentication can ensure the legality of device access.

[0011] After the authentication is passed, the system queries the product to which the device belongs based on the device, associates the metadata of the product object model with the product, and provides description information for the automatic analysis of subsequent data.

[0012] Furthermore, in step ⑤, the device reports data: the protocol adopts a fixed frame format, including a frame header, a message sequence number, a function code, a data field, a checksum, and a frame tail, and the device reports in a fixed frame format; the data field contains multiple data items, each of which consists of a metadata ID and a corresponding data value. When reporting data, the device only needs to carry the metadata ID and the actual data value as specified in the protocol, without the need for complex data processing.

[0013] Furthermore, the step ⑥ of automatic platform parsing includes: data reception: the intelligent service of the product receives the data packet reported by the device and identifies the defined protocol data field; metadata ID identification: the protocol parser extracts the metadata ID from the data field, matches the corresponding object model according to the product to which the device belongs, and obtains the corresponding metadata; data parsing: according to the definition of metadata in the object model, the reported data is parsed into the content described in the object model, and the parsing and conversion of the data value are completed; data storage and application: the parsed data is directly applied to the business logic of the system, including device monitoring, data storage, and instruction issuance operations.

[0014] The data application of the present invention includes monitoring display, alarm processing and remote control.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics: 1. Highly versatile: No additional development is required for different devices and protocols, and unified access of different devices is achieved. 2. Fast deployment: New device access only requires the definition of the object model, without the need to write parsing code, and the access speed is fast. 3. Low maintenance cost: The object model can be updated to adapt to device upgrades or protocol changes without changing the platform code. 4. Strong scalability: Supports different communication protocols and device types, and adapts to the complex and changing IoT environment.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the system can automatically parse the device reported data according to the predefined object model metadata, without the need for additional development work, simplifying the device access process, improving access efficiency, reducing human errors, and adapting to the rapid changes of equipment. The method has the advantages of strong versatility, easy expansion, and easy maintenance. The method can be widely used in the access and management scenarios of various IoT devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of system configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the access and self-decoding of the intelligent ultrasonic water meter according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Refer to the attached Figure 1 This embodiment uses an intelligent ultrasonic water meter to illustrate the specific implementation process of the present invention.

[0020] A self-decoding Internet of Things system based on object model metadata includes a system, a device (smart ultrasonic water meter) and a protocol. The device (smart ultrasonic water meter) reports to the system through the protocol to complete self-decoding and code-free access. The protocol includes a transmission protocol and a data protocol. The transmission protocol is TCP, the data protocol adopts the system protocol, and the data format is uploaded in HEX mode.

[0021] In the existing technical access method of smart ultrasonic water meters, the device needs to transmit data to the system according to its own protocol, and the system also needs to perform script parsing for the device's own protocol to complete data reporting. When the function of the smart ultrasonic water meter is updated, the smart ultrasonic water meter and the platform need to be modified at the same time, which is a huge workload. In this embodiment, the smart ultrasonic water meter can avoid the parsing work on the system side through the self-decoding Internet of Things system based on object model metadata and the device code-free access method to achieve code-free access.

[0022] First, the configuration of the system should be completed according to the characteristics of the intelligent ultrasonic water meter: In the system, a smart ultrasonic water meter product is defined, and then the corresponding smart service is configured for the product to determine the corresponding IP and port, and the object model is defined according to the characteristics of the ultrasonic water meter to form corresponding metadata.

[0023] The device management module is used to enter the device information of the intelligent ultrasonic water meter into the water meter product corresponding to the system.

[0024] Device codeless access: The intelligent ultrasonic water meter organizes the data domain part of the protocol according to the protocol and the description of the metadata in the object model and reports it to the intelligent service corresponding to the system. The data domain is organized and reported in the format of metadata ID plus data value.

[0025] After the smart ultrasonic water meter is successfully authenticated by the smart service, the smart service obtains the metadata corresponding to the device object model based on the product to which the device belongs. The protocol parser performs HEX analysis on the data field of the device's reported content based on the metadata to complete the data self-decoding.

[0026] The system applies the parsed data to specific business scenarios.

[0027] The self-decoding IoT system based on object model metadata and the device codeless access method are applied in practice. The system configuration process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included: ① Product definition: The system administrator defines the water meter product before the smart ultrasonic water meter is connected. The product will describe the transmission protocol of the smart ultrasonic water meter as TCP, the data protocol as the system protocol, the data format as HEX, and the security level as number authentication.

[0028] ②Service configuration: According to the product transmission protocol TCP and data protocol as the system protocol, select the smart service that meets the requirements for the product to report to the device to complete the product service configuration. After the configuration is completed, the IP and port of the smart ultrasonic water meter can be obtained through the configured smart service.

[0029] ③ Physical model definition: Define the physical model of the smart ultrasonic water meter under the product. The specific instructions are defined as follows: The attributes include: instantaneous flow, cumulative flow, battery voltage, daily water consumption and low voltage threshold. See Table 1 for details.

[0030] The events include: low battery voltage, and the event content includes an attribute of battery voltage. The specific content is shown in Table 2.

[0031] The instruction includes: setting a low voltage threshold. The instruction includes a parameter attribute of a low voltage threshold. The specific content is shown in Table 3.

[0032] The service includes: meter information and water meter data. The meter information includes the attribute battery voltage, and the water meter data includes the attributes instantaneous flow, cumulative flow and daily water consumption. See Table 4 for details.

[0033] Table 1 Attribute definition table

[0034] Table 2 Event definition table

[0035] Table 3 Instruction definition table

[0036] Table 4 Service definition table

[0037] ④ Equipment entry: Use the equipment management module of the system to enter the smart ultrasonic water meter into the corresponding product to complete the system configuration.

[0038] Smart ultrasonic water meter access and self-decoding process Figure 3 As shown, the following steps are included: ⑤ Equipment login authentication: The smart ultrasonic water meter carries its own equipment number for login authentication according to the required protocol content. After authentication, the system will query the metadata information of the smart ultrasonic water meter object model, that is, the definition of attributes, events, services, instructions and other information according to the product to which the device belongs.

[0039] ⑥ Data reporting: After the intelligent ultrasonic water meter is authenticated successfully, data reporting can be performed. The data domain is organized according to the protocol requirements. The data domain consists of metadata ID and data value, and is reported to the intelligent service configured by the product. The specific situation is as follows: When the intelligent ultrasonic water meter attributes are reported, the data field carries the attribute ID in Appendix 1 and organizes the data value according to the corresponding parsing method.

[0040] When the battery voltage of the smart ultrasonic water meter is low, the smart ultrasonic water meter reports a low battery voltage event. The data domain event ID is 7001, and the attribute included in the event is battery voltage (6003).

[0041] When reporting the intelligent ultrasonic water meter service, the two services Meter (9001) and WaterMeter (9002) can be reported separately, and the service content is reported according to the corresponding attributes organized according to the definition of the service.

[0042] When the intelligent ultrasonic water meter command is issued, if the system needs to adjust the low voltage threshold of the intelligent ultrasonic water meter, the system organizes the data according to the protocol. The data field should include the low voltage threshold setting command (8001), and the parameters include the attribute low voltage threshold (6005).

[0043] ⑦Data parsing: After the smart ultrasonic water meter is successfully authenticated, the protocol parser will obtain the metadata of the defined object model according to the product to which the smart ultrasonic water meter belongs. The metadata describes how to parse the content of the data field. Therefore, the protocol parser only needs to complete the self-decoding of the data field according to the metadata.

[0044] ⑧Data application: The system applies the parsed water meter data to various business scenarios, such as monitoring display, alarm processing (replacing the battery when the battery voltage is low), remote control (modifying the threshold of low battery voltage), etc.

[0045] The advantages of this application will be illustrated through a practical scenario below.

[0046] During the application process, the customer put forward a new requirement, requiring the smart ultrasonic water meter to report the signal strength attribute. If this system and method are not used, the device needs to add the content of this field, and the platform needs to add the analysis of this field. If the method of this application is used, the signal strength (6006) can be entered in the corresponding object model attribute. The description of signal strength is as follows:

[0047] After the device reports the signal strength (6006), the system obtains the latest object model metadata according to the access process. After the protocol parser loads the latest metadata, it can parse the signal strength attribute. It can be seen that after adopting this system and access method, the system can complete the change and access of device functions without code modification, reducing maintenance costs and improving scalability.

Claims

1. A self-decoding Internet of Things system based on object model metadata, characterized in that The system includes: products, intelligent services, object models, protocol parsers and device management; the product is an abstract collection of a type of equipment in the system, which is a group of equipment with the same functional definition; the equipment belongs to a specific product in the system, and the product needs to be created in the system first; when creating the product, the transmission protocol, data protocol, security level and data format are selected, and after the creation is completed, each product will have a product identification code on the system side; The smart service is a communication service that interacts with the device and is used to receive data reported by the device and process the data; The physical model is the digital identification of the device in the system. The physical model definition is required after the product is created. The physical model includes four aspects: attributes, instructions, events, and services. When creating an object model, first, the various attributes of the data reported and the data items used in the functions, events, and services should be defined in the attributes, so as to assign metadata IDs; Create commands, events, and services based on the defined properties. Each command, event, and service will be assigned a corresponding metadata ID. At the same time, the data items used are also configured by selecting the content defined in the properties to ensure that the data items used by commands, events, and services have metadata IDs. The protocol analyzer is used for automatic analysis of device data; The device management is used for entering and managing device information.

2. The self-decoding Internet of Things system based on object model metadata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart service is created by itself. When creating the smart service by itself, it is necessary to define the name, service port, transmission protocol and data protocol of the smart service; after the product is created, the smart service binding needs to be performed, and the qualified smart services are selected according to the transmission protocol and data protocol of the product for binding for device access.

3. A self-decoding Internet of Things system based on object model metadata according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: After the data of the device is reported to the port corresponding to the intelligent service, the protocol parser automatically parses the data reported by the device according to the description of the device's object model metadata; This process is to identify the corresponding metadata and complete the analysis based on the data reported by the device.

4. A self-decoding Internet of Things system based on object model metadata according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Use device management to enter device information into the product corresponding to the system, and fill in the corresponding device number. The device number is unique under the same product, and a unique identification code for the device on the system side is automatically generated.

5. A codeless access method for a self-decoding IoT system device based on object model metadata according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The object model is predefined in the system. The object model includes the attributes, events, instructions and services of the device. Each attribute, event, instruction and service has a unique metadata ID. The device carries the metadata ID when reporting data. The system automatically matches the description in the object model according to the metadata ID, parses the data type, length and unit information, and completes automatic parsing and processing of the data. There is no need to develop customized parsing code for different device types, which enables fast access and code-free operation of devices.

6. A method for codeless access of a self-decoding IoT system device based on object model metadata according to claim 5, characterized in that The following specific steps are included: ① Create products: The system administrator creates corresponding products on the system according to the device information to be accessed, and configures the access transmission protocol, data protocol, data format and security level; ②Configure intelligent services: The system administrator selects the corresponding intelligent services for configuration according to the product's transmission protocol and data protocol for device reporting; ③Object model definition: Before the device is connected, the system administrator configures the object model corresponding to the product, including attributes, events, instructions and services. The data content of each attribute, event, instruction and service is assigned a unique metadata ID. Each attribute contains detailed description information, which constitutes the metadata of the object model. ④Device login authentication: When a device is connected for the first time, it will be authenticated through intelligent service login. After verification, the system will automatically load the metadata of the object model corresponding to the product to which the device belongs; ⑤ Device data reporting: The device reports data to the smart service in the format specified by the transmission protocol and data protocol. The data field carries the data ID and actual data value. ⑥ Platform automatic parsing: The protocol parser automatically parses the metadata ID in the data domain by loading the metadata of the object model, and performs data processing according to the information described in the object model; ⑦Data application: The parsed data is applied to various business scenarios. Through the metadata description of the object model, automatic parsing of the data reported by the device is realized, without the need to write custom code for each device; When a new device is connected or an existing device is changed, the data domain is organized according to the metadata in the frame format defined by the system, and the corresponding object model is defined on the system without any code changes.

Images