A method for controlling apple tree scab

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of fruit tree disease prevention and treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and treating apple tree bark rot, comprising the following steps: S1, peeling treatment, removing the bark of the apple tree in the diseased area, and then spraying the apple tree with a fungicide; S2, bridging branches, selecting healthy branches to form a bridge across the diseased area; S3, taking the distance between the two ends of the bridging branches as the height, and applying the medicine mud along the circumference of the apple tree; S4, wrapping the medicine mud and branches with a plastic film to form an outer film; and S5, updating the medicine mud every 1-3 months. The present application applies the medicine mud to the circumference of the diseased area, uses the medicine mud to release the fungicide slowly, and makes the diseased area of the apple tree in a fungicide-wrapped environment for a long time, so as to treat the diseased area of the apple tree and hinder the spread of the rot fungus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fruit tree disease control technology, specifically relating to a method for controlling apple tree bark rot. Background Technology

[0002] Apple bark rot is a disease that occurs on apple trees and is caused by infection with the fungus *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*. Apple bark rot can lead to overall tree decline, withering and death of the trunk and branches, and ultimately, the death of the entire apple tree.

[0003] The conventional treatment for apple tree bark rot is to scrape off the bark from the affected area and then apply a fungicide. However, the treatment requires a certain period of time, and during the treatment process, the rot can spread to the surrounding area, causing the apple tree to be infected by the pathogen over a large area, which seriously affects the yield of the apple tree. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling apple tree bark rot. The method involves applying a medicated mud around the affected area, which slows down the release of the fungicide, keeping the affected area of ​​the apple tree in a fungicide-encapsulated environment for a longer period of time, thereby treating the affected area and inhibiting the spread of rot fungi.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for preventing and controlling apple tree bark rot includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Bark scraping treatment: scrape off the bark of the affected areas of the apple tree with rot disease down to the xylem, then dilute the fungicide 800-1000 times and spray it on the affected areas and surrounding area of ​​the apple tree.

[0008] S2. Bridge branches: Select healthy branches and cut both ends of the branches into wedges. Then, cut notches on the upper and lower sides of the diseased area of ​​the apple tree to match the wedges of the branches. Insert the wedges at both ends of the branches into the notches on the upper and lower sides of the diseased area, so that the branches cross the diseased area.

[0009] S3. Using the distance between the two ends of the bridging branch as the height, apply the medicinal mud around the perimeter of the apple tree;

[0010] S4. Wrap the medicinal mud and branches with plastic film to form an outer film;

[0011] S5. Replace the medicinal mud every 80-100 days.

[0012] The fungicide is mancozeb with a mass concentration of 45% or carbendazim with a mass concentration of 50%.

[0013] The preparation method of the medicinal mud includes the following steps:

[0014] A. Soil disinfection: Take soil from the land near apple trees that do not have rot disease, crush the soil and pass it through a 2-3mm sieve to remove impurities, and then expose the soil to the sun for 5-7 days, turning the soil over daily during the sun exposure period.

[0015] B. After soil disinfection, add 0.2-0.3 parts by weight of water, 0.02-0.03 parts by weight of straw powder, 0.0001-0.0002 parts by weight of fungicide, and 0.002-0.003 parts by weight of rice vinegar to each part by weight of soil, and stir well to form a mud-like medicated mud.

[0016] The acetic acid content of the rice vinegar is 3.5g / 100ml-5g / 100ml.

[0017] The process of updating the medicinal mud, or replacing the medicinal mud, includes the following steps:

[0018] S511. Unwrap the outer membrane, scrape off the expired medicinal mud from the apple tree, and then reapply the new medicinal mud to the apple tree.

[0019] S512. Use plastic film to wrap the medicinal mud and tree branches.

[0020] The process of updating the medicated mud involves adding new bactericide to the medicated mud. Step S4 further includes the following steps:

[0021] S401. A plastic film is used to wrap the medicinal mud to form an inner membrane. Perforations are made on the surface of the inner membrane located in the diseased area to form permeable pores. When wrapping the inner membrane, it passes through the gap between the tree branch and the diseased area.

[0022] S402, The inner membrane and the tree branches are wrapped with plastic film to form the outer membrane.

[0023] The tree branch is arched, and the medicated mud and the inner membrane pass through the gap between the tree branch and the diseased area. The gap between the inner membrane and the tree branch forms a medicine replenishment chamber, which is filled with a slow-release sponge.

[0024] The process of adding new bactericide to the medicated mud includes the following steps:

[0025] S521. Use an injection syringe to replenish the drug. Dilute the bactericide 1600-2000 times and pour it into the chamber of the injection syringe. Then, pass the needle of the injection syringe through the outer membrane and insert it into the sustained-release sponge. Inject the bactericide in the chamber into the sustained-release sponge to complete the replenishment.

[0026] S522. Pull out the needle and then seal the needle hole on the surface of the outer membrane with adhesive tape.

[0027] The process of adding new bactericide to the medicated mud includes the following steps:

[0028] S531. A drug replenishment tube is also placed in the drug replenishment chamber. The output end of the drug replenishment tube is located in the drug replenishment chamber and is attached to the sustained-release sponge. The input end of the drug replenishment tube is exposed to the outside of the outer membrane.

[0029] S532. After diluting the bactericide by 1600-2000 times, pour it in through the inlet end of the replenishment tube to complete the replenishment. The slow-release sponge absorbs the bactericide and slowly releases it into the medicated mud through the permeation pores of the inner membrane.

[0030] The input end of the medication tube is equipped with a sealing plug. When administering medication, the sealing plug is removed, and after the medication is administered, the input end of the medication tube is resealed using the sealing plug.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0032] 1. The prevention and control method in this invention first involves scraping off the bark of the affected area and applying medication. Since canker requires a certain treatment period and is prone to recurrence, this invention also involves bridging the apple tree with healthy branches to span the affected area. This ensures that nutrients are absorbed along the bridging branches during the treatment period after the canker occurs, thus not affecting apple yield. Secondly, this invention uses a medicated mud to coat the perimeter of the affected area. The mud is not only sticky and adheres well to the apple tree, but it also has a certain slow-release effect, keeping the affected area of ​​the apple tree in a fungicide-encapsulated environment for a longer period of time. In addition, canker pathogens are aerobic, so wrapping the affected area with plastic film creates an anaerobic environment, promoting the death of canker pathogens and facilitating the prevention and control of canker.

[0033] 2. This invention includes an inner membrane and a slow-release sponge between the inner and outer membranes. Since the bark of the apple tree is scraped off and the bridging area has not yet healed in a short time, it is necessary to reduce the contact between the exposed area of ​​the apple tree and the external environment. When adding new fungicide to the medicated mud, it can ensure that the exposed area of ​​the apple tree is always covered. At the same time, the slow-release sponge can absorb the fungicide and use capillary action to slowly transfer the fungicide stored in the slow-release sponge along the permeation pores into the medicated mud, ensuring that the medicated mud always has an appropriate amount of fungicide, thus avoiding chemical burning caused by excessive fungicide in the medicated mud. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the apple tree control area structure in specific embodiment 1;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the apple tree control area structure in specific embodiment 2;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the apple tree control area structure in specific embodiment 3;

[0037] In the attached diagram, 1. Branch, 2. Medicated mud, 3. Outer membrane, 4. Inner membrane, 5. Carrier sponge, 6. Permeation pore, 7. Diseased area, 8. Replenishment tube, 9. Sealing plug. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Specific Implementation Example 1

[0040] A method for preventing and controlling apple tree bark rot includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. Bark scraping treatment: scrape off the bark of the diseased area 7 on the apple tree down to the xylem, then dilute the fungicide 800-1000 times and spray it on the diseased area 7 and the surrounding area of ​​the apple tree.

[0042] S2. Bridge branch 1: Select a healthy branch 1 and cut both ends of the branch 1 into wedges. Then, cut notches on the upper and lower sides of the diseased area 7 of the apple tree to match the wedges of the branch 1. Insert the wedges at both ends of the branch 1 into the notches on the upper and lower sides of the diseased area 7 respectively. The branch 1 crosses the diseased area 7.

[0043] S3. Using the distance between the two ends of the bridging branch 1 as the height, apply the medicinal mud 2 around the perimeter of the apple tree;

[0044] The two ends of the bridging branch 1 are 3-5 cm away from the edge of the nearby diseased area 7.

[0045] S4. Wrap the medicinal mud 2 and the branch 1 with plastic film to form an outer film 3;

[0046] S5. Replace the medicinal mud 2 every 80-100 days.

[0047] In order to prevent the spread of apple tree rot disease from the affected area 7 to the surrounding area, the present invention applies medicated mud 2 around the affected area 7 for prevention and control, thereby hindering the spread of apple tree rot disease.

[0048] The prevention and control method of this invention first involves scraping off the bark of the diseased area 7 and applying medicine. Since canker requires a certain treatment period and is prone to recurrence, this invention also involves bridging the apple tree with a healthy branch 1 across the diseased area 7. This ensures that nutrients are absorbed along the bridging branch during the treatment period after the apple tree develops canker, thus not affecting apple yield. Secondly, this invention uses a medicated mud 2 to coat the periphery of the diseased area 7. The medicated mud 2 is not only sticky and can adhere well to the apple tree, but it also has a certain slow-release effect, keeping the diseased area 7 of the apple tree in a fungicide-encapsulated environment for a longer period of time. This treats the diseased area 7 of the apple tree and hinders the spread of canker bacteria. In addition, canker bacteria are aerobic, so wrapping the diseased area 7 with plastic film creates an anaerobic environment, promoting the death of canker bacteria and facilitating the prevention and control of canker.

[0049] In addition, since the bactericide in the medicated mud 2 is continuously consumed, it is necessary to replenish the bactericide regularly to prevent rot.

[0050] The fungicide is mancozeb with a mass concentration of 45% or carbendazim with a mass concentration of 50%.

[0051] The preparation method of the medicinal mud 2 includes the following steps:

[0052] A. Soil disinfection: Take soil from the land near apple trees that do not have rot disease, crush the soil and pass it through a 2-3mm sieve to remove impurities, and then expose the soil to the sun for 5-7 days, turning the soil over daily during the sun exposure period.

[0053] B. After soil disinfection, add 0.2-0.3 parts by weight of water, 0.02-0.03 parts by weight of straw powder, 0.0001-0.0002 parts by weight of fungicide, and 0.002-0.003 parts by weight of rice vinegar to each part by weight of soil, and stir evenly to form a mud-like medicated mud 2.

[0054] The acetic acid content of the rice vinegar is 3.5g / 100ml-5g / 100ml.

[0055] The soil used in Medicated Mud 2 needs to be disinfected to eliminate residual pathogens in the soil. The straw in Medicated Mud 2 serves as a structural framework to ensure that Medicated Mud 2 can be formed into clumps. At the same time, the straw also has a certain water retention and slow-release properties to ensure that the bactericide and rice vinegar can continue to exert their effects for a long time.

[0056] The process of updating the medicinal mud 2 involves replacing the medicinal mud 2 and includes the following steps:

[0057] S511. Unwrap the outer membrane 3, scrape off the expired medicinal mud 2 from the apple tree, and then reapply the new medicinal mud 2 to the apple tree.

[0058] S512, The medicinal mud 2 and the tree branch 1 are wrapped with plastic film. Specific Implementation Example 2

[0060] In specific embodiment 2, updating the medicated mud 2 involves adding new fungicide to the medicated mud 2. When updating the medicated mud 2 involves adding new fungicide to the medicated mud 2, step S4 of the prevention and control method further includes the following steps:

[0061] S401. A plastic film is used to wrap the medicinal mud 2 to form an inner membrane 4. Perforations are made on the surface of the inner membrane 4 located in the diseased area 7 to form permeable holes 6. When wrapping the inner membrane 4, it passes through the gap between the branch 1 and the diseased area 7.

[0062] S402, The inner membrane 4 and the tree branch 1 are wrapped together with plastic film to form the outer membrane 3.

[0063] The branch 1 is arched, and the medicated mud 2 and the inner membrane 4 both pass through the gap between the branch 1 and the diseased area 7. The gap between the inner membrane 4 and the branch 1 forms a medicine replenishment chamber, which is filled with a slow-release sponge.

[0064] When the medicated mud 2 is updated to replenish new fungicide, a new step needs to be added in step S4 to form an inner membrane 4. At the same time, a slow-release sponge is placed between the inner membrane 4 and the outer membrane 3. Since the bark of the apple tree has been scraped off and the bridging area has not yet healed in a short time, it is necessary to reduce the contact between the exposed area of ​​the apple tree and the external environment. When replenishing the medicated mud 2 with new fungicide, it can ensure that the exposed area of ​​the apple tree is always covered. At the same time, the slow-release sponge can absorb the fungicide and use capillary action to slowly transfer the fungicide stored in the slow-release sponge along the permeation pores 6 into the medicated mud 2, and ensure that the medicated mud 2 is always in a state with an appropriate amount of fungicide, avoiding the situation of chemical burning caused by excessive fungicide in the medicated mud 2.

[0065] In addition, since the disease in the affected area 7 is more severe, the added fungicide is concentrated in the medicated mud 2 in the affected area 7 through the permeation hole 6 for treatment. At the same time, since the medicated mud 2 has pores, the fungicide concentrated in the affected area 7 will be distributed in a small amount along the pores in the medicated mud 2 to the periphery of the affected area 7 and play a role in prevention and control.

[0066] The process of adding new bactericide to the medicated mud 2 includes the following steps:

[0067] S521. Use an injection syringe to replenish the medicine. Dilute the bactericide 1600-2000 times and pour it into the chamber of the injection syringe. Then, pass the needle of the injection syringe through the outer membrane 3 and the inner membrane 4 and insert it into the medicine mud 2. Inject the bactericide in the chamber into the medicine mud 2 and complete the replenishment.

[0068] S522. Pull out the needle and then seal the needle hole on the surface of the outer membrane 3 with adhesive tape.

[0069] In this specific embodiment, the sustained-release sponge is replenished with medication by syringe injection. This method is convenient and quick to operate. Just make sure to seal the needle hole with adhesive tape at the end to restore the hypoxic environment. Specific Implementation Example 3

[0071] The only difference between Specific Embodiment 3 and Specific Embodiment 2 is the method of adding bactericide to the medicated mud 2.

[0072] The process of adding new bactericide to the medicated mud 2 includes the following steps:

[0073] S531. A slow-release sponge and a drug delivery tube 8 are placed in the drug delivery chamber. The output end of the drug delivery tube 8 is located in the drug delivery chamber and is attached to the slow-release sponge. The input end of the drug delivery tube 8 is exposed outside the outer membrane 3.

[0074] S532. After diluting the bactericide by 1600-2000 times, pour it in through the inlet end of the replenishment tube 8 to complete the replenishment. The slow-release sponge absorbs the bactericide and slowly releases it into the medicated mud 2 through the permeation holes 6 of the inner membrane 4.

[0075] The input end of the medicine tube 8 is provided with a sealing plug 9. When replenishing medicine, the sealing plug 9 is pulled out, and when the medicine replenishment is completed, the input end of the medicine tube 8 is resealed with the sealing plug 9.

[0076] In this specific embodiment, the bactericide is introduced through the replenishment tube 8 without damaging the outer membrane 3. At the same time, the sealing plug 9 can ensure the airtightness of the internal environment of the replenishment chamber and prevent oxygen from entering, which would promote the growth of putrefactive bacteria.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling bark rot in apple trees, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Bark scraping treatment: scrape off the bark of the affected areas of the apple tree with rot disease down to the xylem, then dilute the fungicide 800-1000 times and spray it on the affected areas and surrounding area of ​​the apple tree. S2. Bridge branches: Select healthy branches and cut both ends of the branches into wedges. Then, cut notches on the upper and lower sides of the diseased area of ​​the apple tree to match the wedges of the branches. Insert the wedges at both ends of the branches into the notches on the upper and lower sides of the diseased area, so that the branches cross the diseased area. S3. Using the distance between the two ends of the bridging branch as the height, apply the medicinal mud around the perimeter of the apple tree; S4. Wrap the medicinal mud and branches with plastic film to form an outer film; S5. Replace the medicinal mud every 80-100 days; The preparation method of the medicinal mud includes the following steps: A. Soil disinfection: Take soil from the land near apple trees that do not have rot disease, crush the soil and pass it through a 2-3mm sieve to remove impurities, and then expose the soil to the sun for 5-7 days, turning the soil over daily during the sun exposure period. B. After soil disinfection, add 0.2-0.3 parts by weight of water, 0.02-0.03 parts by weight of straw powder, 0.0001-0.0002 parts by weight of fungicide, and 0.002-0.003 parts by weight of rice vinegar to each part by weight of soil, and stir well to form a mud-like medicated mud. The acetic acid content of the rice vinegar is 3.5g / 100ml-5g / 100ml; The process of updating the medicated mud involves adding new bactericide to the medicated mud. Step S4 further includes the following steps: S401. A plastic film is used to wrap the medicinal mud to form an inner membrane. Perforations are made on the surface of the inner membrane located in the diseased area to form permeable pores. When wrapping the inner membrane, it passes through the gap between the tree branch and the diseased area. S402. The inner membrane and the tree branches are wrapped together with a plastic film to form the outer membrane; The tree branch is arched, and the medicated mud and the inner membrane pass through the gap between the tree branch and the diseased area. The gap between the inner membrane and the tree branch forms a medicine replenishment chamber, which is filled with a slow-release sponge.

2. The method for preventing and controlling apple tree bark rot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fungicide is mancozeb with a mass concentration of 45% or carbendazim with a mass concentration of 50%.

3. The method for preventing and controlling apple tree bark rot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of updating the medicinal mud, or replacing the medicinal mud, includes the following steps: S511. Unwrap the outer membrane, scrape off the expired medicinal mud from the apple tree, and then reapply the new medicinal mud to the apple tree. S512. Use plastic film to wrap the medicinal mud and tree branches.

4. The method for preventing and controlling apple tree bark rot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of adding new bactericide to the medicated mud includes the following steps: S521. Use an injection syringe to replenish the drug. Dilute the bactericide 1600-2000 times and pour it into the chamber of the injection syringe. Then, pass the needle of the injection syringe through the outer membrane and insert it into the sustained-release sponge. Inject the bactericide in the chamber into the sustained-release sponge to complete the replenishment. S522. Pull out the needle and then seal the needle hole on the surface of the outer membrane with adhesive tape.

5. The method for preventing and controlling apple tree bark rot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of adding new bactericide to the medicated mud includes the following steps: S531. A drug replenishment tube is also placed in the drug replenishment chamber. The output end of the drug replenishment tube is located in the drug replenishment chamber and is attached to the sustained-release sponge. The input end of the drug replenishment tube is exposed to the outside of the outer membrane. S532. After diluting the bactericide by 1600-2000 times, pour it in through the inlet end of the replenishment tube to complete the replenishment. The slow-release sponge absorbs the bactericide and slowly releases it into the medicated mud through the permeation pores of the inner membrane.

6. The method for preventing and controlling apple tree bark rot according to claim 5, characterized in that, The input end of the medication tube is equipped with a sealing plug. When administering medication, the sealing plug is removed, and after the medication is administered, the input end of the medication tube is resealed using the sealing plug.

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