Radial subdivision single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fluid machinery, and provides a variable guide vane radial subdivision single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine which comprises a shell, a pump cover, an impeller, a main shaft, a bearing body and a guide vane assembly. Wherein a liquid inlet flow channel is formed in the shell; the pump cover is detachably connected to the shell and matched with the shell to form a containing cavity. The impeller is arranged in the accommodating cavity and can rotate in the accommodating cavity; the main shaft is coaxially connected with the impeller and penetrates through the shell and the pump cover; the bearing bodies coaxially sleeve the head and tail ends of the main shaft and are used for supporting the main shaft; the guide vane assembly is arranged in the containing cavity and detachably connected with the shell, the guide vane assembly further forms a plurality of guide vane parts concentrically and annularly arranged on the periphery of the impeller, the guide vane parts are arranged at the same intervals, and the liquid inlet flow channel communicates with a liquid inlet of the impeller through the intervals between the adjacent guide vane parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of fluid machinery, and in particular relates to a radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes. Background Art

[0002] As an energy recovery device, hydraulic turbines can recycle the residual pressure of liquid in the process and convert it into mechanical energy to drive mechanical equipment to achieve energy saving. With the continuous advancement of energy conservation and emission reduction projects, more and more users choose to use hydraulic turbines to recover the residual pressure in the device, which has obvious economic benefits.

[0003] However, in the traditional hydraulic turbine design, the guide vane part usually adopts a fixed structure, and the fluid path cannot be adjusted according to actual needs. When the process conditions of the device change, such as after the upgrade of the oil refining hydrogenation device, the low-temperature methanol washing device of the coal chemical industry, and the synthetic ammonia device, the flow rate of the medium that needs to recover energy will also increase. When the flow rate increases to a certain extent, the hydraulic turbine will be in a blocked state, and the recovered energy will not increase, affecting the recovery efficiency of the turbine. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes to solve the technical problem of limited recovery efficiency of hydraulic turbines in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes, comprising: A shell body, forming a liquid inlet flow channel; A pump cover, detachably connected to the housing and cooperating with the housing to form a receiving cavity; an impeller, disposed in the accommodating chamber and capable of rotating in the accommodating chamber; A main shaft, coaxially connected to the impeller and passing through the casing and the pump cover; A bearing body, coaxially mounted on both ends of the main shaft and used to support the main shaft; A guide vane assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is detachably connected to the shell. The guide vane assembly also forms a plurality of guide vane portions which are concentrically arranged around the impeller. The guide vane portions are arranged with the same intervals. The liquid inlet flow channel is connected to the liquid inlet of the impeller through the intervals between adjacent guide vane portions. The guide vane assembly is used to make the medium in the liquid inlet flow channel impact the blades in the impeller in the flow direction defined by the guide vane portions.

[0006] Optionally, the guide vane assembly further comprises a front end cover portion and a rear end cover portion which are spaced apart, and the guide vane portion is cushioned between the front end cover portion and the rear end cover portion; The front end cover portion abuts against the housing, and the rear end cover portion abuts against the pump cover.

[0007] Optionally, the guide vane assembly further includes a fastening bolt; The fastening bolts sequentially pass through the rear end cover portion, the guide vane portion, and the front end cover portion and are threadedly connected to the housing.

[0008] Optionally, the guide vane portion and the front end cover portion are arranged as an integral structure, and the rear end cover portion and the guide vane portion are detachably connected.

[0009] Optionally, the housing forms a first positioning surface and a second positioning surface which are arranged at an angle; The front end cover is formed in a shape adapted to the angle between the first positioning surface and the second positioning surface and abuts against the first positioning surface and the second positioning surface.

[0010] Optionally, the first positioning surface extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the impeller and enables the rear end cover portion to also abut against the first positioning surface; The port of the liquid inlet channel close to the accommodating cavity is arranged between the front end cover part and the rear end cover part.

[0011] Optionally, a sealing ring is provided between the guide vane assembly and the first positioning surface and / or between the guide vane assembly and the second positioning surface.

[0012] Optionally, the housing forms a plurality of steps along the axial direction of the main shaft; The radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes also includes a metal winding gasket arranged between the step and the pump cover.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes provided by the present application is that: compared with the prior art, in the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes provided by the present application, the liquid inlet flow channel arranged on the casing must be connected to the accommodating cavity accommodating the impeller through the interval between adjacent guide vane parts on the guide vane assembly. Since the pump cover and the guide vane assembly can be detachably connected to the casing, when the process conditions of the device change and the medium flow rate changes, the pump cover can be removed from the casing and the accommodating cavity can be opened to replace the guide vane assembly, so that different guide vane assemblies can be well adapted to different process conditions, which is also conducive to the maximum efficiency of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment to recover liquid energy under different conditions, which is far superior to the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at center; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the guide vane assembly in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the guide vane assembly in the embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Among them, the figure marks in the figure are: 101, shell; 102, liquid inlet channel; 103, pump cover; 104, accommodating chamber; 105, impeller; 1051, liquid inlet; 1052, liquid outlet; 106, main shaft; 107, bearing body; 108, guide vane assembly; 109, guide vane part; 110, front end cover part; 111, rear end cover part; 112, fastening bolt; 113, first positioning surface; 114, second positioning surface; 115, sealing ring; 116, step; 117, metal winding gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0018] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0019] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0020] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0021] Please also read Figures 1 to 4 Now, a radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes provided in an embodiment of the present application is described. The radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes of the present application includes a housing 101, a pump cover 103, an impeller 105, a main shaft 106, a bearing body 107 and a guide vane assembly 108. Among them: The housing 101 forms a liquid inlet channel 102; the pump cover 103 is detachably connected to the housing 101 and cooperates with the housing 101 to form a receiving chamber 104; the impeller 105 is disposed in the receiving chamber 104 and can rotate in the receiving chamber 104; the main shaft 106 is coaxially connected to the impeller 105 and passes through the housing 101 and the pump cover 103; the bearing body 107 is coaxially sleeved on both ends of the main shaft 106 and is used to support the main shaft 106; the guide vane assembly 108 is disposed in the receiving chamber The guide vane assembly 108 is in the cavity 104 and is detachably connected to the shell 101. The guide vane assembly 108 also forms a plurality of guide vane portions 109 which are concentrically arranged around the impeller 105. The guide vane portions 109 are arranged with the same intervals. The liquid inlet channel 102 is connected to the liquid inlet 1051 of the impeller 105 through the intervals between adjacent guide vane portions 109. The guide vane assembly 108 is used to allow the medium in the liquid inlet channel 102 to impact the blades in the impeller 105 in the flow direction defined by the guide vane portions 109.

[0022] In this embodiment, after the liquid medium passes through the interval between adjacent guide vane portions 109 from the liquid inlet channel 102 and enters the liquid inlet 1051 of the impeller 105, the medium impacts the blades in the impeller 105 in the flow direction defined by the guide vane portion 109, which can drive the impeller 105 to rotate and further drive the main shaft 106 to rotate, thereby completing the recovery of energy in the liquid. Finally, the medium after work is discharged from the liquid outlet 105 of the impeller 105, and finally discharged from the discharge port (not shown) provided on the shell 101. In the actual production process, the shape of the guide vane portion 109 can be set to a commonly used flow guide shape in the art to reduce the liquid flow resistance and facilitate flow guidance. In addition, since the guide vane portion 109 is evenly distributed around the impeller 105, the radial force of the impeller 105 can be balanced, so that the outer shell 101 can adopt a single flow channel design, which is conducive to reducing the casting difficulty and casting cost of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment. Here, the structure of the impeller 105 can adopt the impeller structure technology of the existing centrifugal pump, that is, it can be understood that the liquid inlet 1051 of the impeller 105 in the present application is the discharge port when the impeller 105 is used in the centrifugal pump, and the liquid outlet 1052 of the impeller 105 in the present application is the suction port when the impeller 105 is used in the centrifugal pump; the bearing body 107 can also adopt the technology of the existing centrifugal pump, that is, the bearing body 107 connected to the head and tail ends of the main shaft 106 can form a stable support for the main shaft 106, which will not be repeated here.

[0023] According to the above structure provided in this embodiment, in the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes provided in this embodiment, the liquid inlet channel 102 arranged on the housing 101 must be connected to the liquid inlet 1051 of the impeller 105 through the interval between the adjacent guide vane parts 109 on the guide vane assembly 108. Since the pump cover 103 and the guide vane assembly 108 can be detachably connected to the housing 101, when the process conditions of the device change and the medium flow rate changes, the pump cover 103 can be removed from the housing 101 and the accommodating cavity 104 can be opened to replace the guide vane assembly 108, so that different guide vane assemblies 108 can be well adapted to different process conditions, which is also conducive to the maximum efficiency of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment under different working conditions to recover liquid energy, which is far superior to the prior art.

[0024] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4The guide vane assembly 108 further includes a front end cover portion 110 and a rear end cover portion 111 which are spaced apart, and a guide vane portion 109 is padded between the front end cover portion 110 and the rear end cover portion 111; the front end cover portion 110 abuts against the housing 101, and the rear end cover portion 111 abuts against the pump cover 103. According to the above structure provided in this embodiment, the front end cover portion 110 abutting against the housing 101 and the rear end cover portion 111 abutting against the pump cover 103 can enable the guide vane portion 109 padded between the front end cover portion 110 and the rear end cover portion 111 to maintain better structural stability during the liquid energy recovery process, which is conducive to further improving the energy recovery efficiency of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment.

[0025] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the guide vane assembly 108 also includes a fastening bolt 112; the fastening bolt 112 sequentially passes through the rear end cover 111, the guide vane 109 and the front end cover 110 and is threadedly connected to the housing 101. According to the above structure provided in this embodiment, the fastening bolt 112 sequentially passing through the rear end cover 111, the guide vane 109 and the front end cover 110 can not only facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the guide vane assembly 108, but also can firmly fasten the rear end cover 111, the guide vane 109 and the front end cover 110 to the housing 101 without affecting the passage of fluid between the guide vanes 109, which is conducive to further improving the energy recovery efficiency of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment.

[0026] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the guide vane portion 109 and the front end cover portion 110 are set as an integral structure, and the rear end cover portion 111 is detachably connected to the guide vane portion 109. According to the above structure provided in this embodiment, the detachable connection between the rear end cover portion 111 and the guide vane portion 109 can make the rear end cover portion 111 universally applicable to guide vane assemblies 108 of different models, which is not only conducive to improving the replacement efficiency of the guide vane assembly 108 of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment, but also can significantly reduce the production cost of multiple guide vane assemblies 108. In addition, the front end cover portion 110, which is set as an integral structure with the guide vane portion 109, can well ensure that the spacing distance between adjacent guide vane portions 109 and the deflection angle of the guide vane portion 109 itself relative to the axial direction of the front end cover portion 110 meet the preset target value, thereby more effectively guiding the medium, and avoiding leakage between the guide vane portion 109 and the front end cover portion 110, which is conducive to further improving the energy recovery efficiency of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment.

[0027] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4, the housing 101 forms a first positioning surface 113 and a second positioning surface 114 which are arranged at an angle; the front end cover 110 forms a shape adapted to the angle between the first positioning surface 113 and the second positioning surface 114 and abuts against the first positioning surface 113 and the second positioning surface 114. According to the above structure provided in this embodiment, the first positioning surface 113 and the second positioning surface 114 can not only serve as the positioning structure of the front end cover 110 so that the guide vane assembly 108 can be quickly installed in place, but also can ensure that the front end cover 110 abutting against the first positioning surface 113 and the second positioning surface 114 maintains better installation position stability, which is conducive to further improving the energy recovery efficiency of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment.

[0028] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the first positioning surface 113 extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the impeller 105 and the rear end cover 111 also abuts against the first positioning surface 113; the port of the liquid inlet channel 102 close to the accommodating chamber 104 is arranged between the front end cover 110 and the rear end cover 111. According to the above structure provided in this embodiment, since the front end cover 110 and the rear end cover 111 are both abutted against the first positioning surface 113, and since the port of the liquid inlet channel 102 close to the accommodating chamber 104 is arranged between the front end cover 110 and the rear end cover 111, a better sealing connection effect can be formed between the guide vane assembly 108 and the housing 101, and the liquid medium can be effectively prevented from escaping from between the guide vane assembly 108 and the housing 101, which is conducive to further improving the energy recovery efficiency of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment.

[0029] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , a sealing ring 115 is provided between the guide vane assembly 108 and the first positioning surface 113 and / or between the guide vane assembly 108 and the second positioning surface 114. According to the above structure provided in this embodiment, the sealing ring 115 provided between the guide vane assembly 108 and the first positioning surface 113 and between the guide vane assembly 108 and the second positioning surface 114 can form a better sealing connection effect between the guide vane assembly 108 and the casing 101, which is conducive to further improving the energy recovery efficiency of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in this embodiment.

[0030] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4, the casing 101 forms a plurality of steps 116 along the axial direction of the main shaft 106; the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes also includes a metal wound gasket 117 padded between the step 116 and the pump cover 103. According to the above structure provided in the present embodiment, the metal wound gasket 117 padded between the step 116 and the pump cover 103 can form a better sealing connection effect between the casing 101 and the pump cover 103, which is conducive to further improving the energy recovery efficiency of the radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes in the present embodiment. It should be noted that the metal wound gasket 117 described in the present embodiment is a sealing gasket commonly used in the art, which is usually made of alloy materials and soft materials such as graphite, asbestos, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc., which are alternately overlapped and spirally wound, and has a good sealing effect, which will not be described in detail here.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes, characterized in that: include: A housing (101) forming a liquid inlet channel (102); A pump cover (103) is detachably connected to the housing (101) and cooperates with the housing (101) to form a receiving cavity (104); an impeller (105), disposed in the accommodating chamber (104) and capable of rotating in the accommodating chamber (104); A main shaft (106) coaxially connected to the impeller (105) and passing through the casing (101) and the pump cover (103); A bearing body (107) coaxially sleeved on both ends of the main shaft (106) and used to support the main shaft (106); A guide vane assembly (108) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (104) and is detachably connected to the housing (101); the guide vane assembly (108) further forms a plurality of guide vane portions (109) arranged in concentric rings around the impeller (105); the guide vane portions (109) are arranged with the same spacing; the liquid inlet channel (102) is connected to the liquid inlet (1051) of the impeller (105) through the spacing between adjacent guide vane portions (109); the guide vane assembly (108) is used to allow the medium in the liquid inlet channel (102) to impact the blades in the impeller (105) in the flow direction defined by the guide vane portions (109).

2. The radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide vane assembly (108) further comprises a front end cover portion (110) and a rear end cover portion (111) which are arranged at intervals, and the guide vane portion (109) is cushioned between the front end cover portion (110) and the rear end cover portion (111); The front end cover portion (110) abuts against the housing (101), and the rear end cover portion (111) abuts against the pump cover (103).

3. The radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide vane assembly (108) further includes a fastening bolt (112); The fastening bolts (112) pass through the rear end cover portion (111), the guide vane portion (109) and the front end cover portion (110) in sequence and are threadedly connected to the housing (101).

4. The radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The guide vane portion (109) and the front end cover portion (110) are arranged as an integral structure, and the rear end cover portion (111) is detachably connected to the guide vane portion (109).

5. The radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing (101) forms a first positioning surface (113) and a second positioning surface (114) which are arranged at an angle; The front end cover (110) is formed in a shape adapted to the angle between the first positioning surface (113) and the second positioning surface (114), and abuts against the first positioning surface (113) and the second positioning surface (114).

6. The radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first positioning surface (113) extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the impeller (105), and the rear end cover portion (111) also abuts against the first positioning surface (113); The port of the liquid inlet channel (102) close to the accommodating chamber (104) is arranged between the front end cover portion (110) and the rear end cover portion (111).

7. The radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing ring (115) is provided between the guide vane assembly (108) and the first positioning surface (113) and / or between the guide vane assembly (108) and the second positioning surface (114).

8. The radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (101) forms a plurality of steps (116) along the axial direction of the main shaft (106); The radially split single-stage dual-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes further comprises a metal winding gasket (117) arranged between the step (116) and the pump cover (103).

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