Dual-band dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna comprises a substrate layer, a radiator layer and a ground layer which are sequentially stacked, and the substrate layer, the radiator layer and the ground layer are all made of conductive fabric; the radiator layer is provided with a radiation patch which is used for resonating in a monopole mode; and the radiation patch is provided with a double-cone-shaped slot which is used for resonating in a violin mode. The antenna can be flexibly switched between two radiation modes through different excitation ports, can realize ultra-wideband radiation with different beam characteristics in two frequency bands, has small influence on a human body, has the characteristics of flexibility and low profile, and is easy to be applied in clothes or other human body wearable electronic devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, and in particular relates to a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultrawideband antenna and its applications. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) technology in fields such as healthcare, surveillance, and the Internet of Things (IoT), the demand for frequency diversity and compact wearable antennas is increasing. In recent years, research has focused on various dual-band shared-aperture wearable antennas, resulting in a dual-band hybrid-mode wearable button antenna that can operate in both monopole and planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) modes, achieving omnidirectional and wide-side radiation in two different frequency bands, respectively. Another antenna combining monopole and cross-dipole modes can achieve dual-band dual-polarization radiation. However, the lower-band operating bandwidth of these dual-band wearable antennas is relatively narrow (less than 8%), making it impossible to simultaneously achieve ultra-wideband radiation in both bands. Furthermore, due to their high profile characteristics, these published antennas are not suitable for conformal applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-band dual-mode conformal ultra-wideband antenna for communication, which combines the capabilities of a monopole radiator and a Vivaldi array, achieving ultra-wideband radiation in both operating frequency bands, with minimal impact from the human body, and is suitable for application in wearable devices.

[0004] To address the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a dual-band dual-mode aperture shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna, comprising a substrate layer, a radiator layer and a ground layer stacked sequentially, wherein the substrate layer, the radiator layer and the ground layer are all made of conductive fabric;

[0006] The radiator layer is provided with radiating patches, which are used for resonance in unipolar mode;

[0007] The radiating patch has a double conical slot, which is used for resonance in Vivaldi mode.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner edge of the double-conical groove is defined by the exponential curve y, with the specific formula as follows:

[0009] y = c × e rx

[0010] Where y is the exponential curve, c is the adjustment constant, r is the exponential coefficient of the curve, e is the Euler number, and x is the position variable.

[0011] Further, the antenna has a first port connected with the radiation patch for receiving signals with a frequency of 0.92-1.62GHz.

[0012] The antenna has a second port and a third port connected with the double-cone-shaped slot respectively for receiving signals with a frequency of 2.71-11.1GHz.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the ground layer is provided with a ground plane of the monopole radiator;

[0014] The ground plane of the monopole radiator is symmetrically provided with two quarter-circle notches, and a rectangular slot is formed in the middle of the inner edge of the ground plane.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the ground layer is symmetrically provided with two feeding lines, and the two feeding lines are electrically connected with the double-cone-shaped slot respectively;

[0016] The two feeding lines are respectively composed of two pairs of trapezoidal lines and a sector, and are used for transmitting signals in the Vivaldi mode.

[0017] Exemplarily, the substrate layer is in the shape of a cylindrical sheet.

[0018] Exemplarily, the surface impedance of the conductive fabric is 0.03Ω / square, and the thickness is 0.1mm.

[0019] In a second aspect, the application further provides an application based on the above-mentioned dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna, and specifically, the application is applied in clothes, portable electronic devices or wearable devices.

[0020] In a third aspect, the application further provides an application based on the above-mentioned dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna, and specifically, the application is applied in near-air balloon communication devices or near-air kite communication devices.

[0021] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the application has at least the following effects.

[0022] The above-mentioned dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna has a compact structure layout, combines the capabilities of the monopole radiator and the Vivaldi array, realizes ultra-wideband radiation in two different frequency bands, and the flexible conductive fabric makes the antenna easy to be applied in human wearable products, so that the antenna has great prospects in wearable electronic products and wireless broadband network applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the related art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A size reference diagram of a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 A size reference diagram of a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the first port position of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the second port and the third port position of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 A simulation result of the reflection coefficient of the three ports of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 A radiation pattern of a monopole mode antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 A radiation pattern of a monopole mode antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 9 A radiation pattern of a Vivaldi mode antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 10 A radiation pattern of a Vivaldi mode antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] In the drawings:

[0035] 1, radiator layer; 2, substrate layer; 3, ground layer; P1, first port; P2, second port; P3, third port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0037] In one embodiment of the application, please refer to Figure 1 The schematic diagram shown in this application illustrates a dual-frequency, dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultrawideband antenna structure, which provides a dual-frequency, dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultrawideband antenna that achieves omnidirectional radiation and directional radiation respectively through a monopole mode operating at 1.3 GHz and a Vivaldi mode operating at 6 GHz.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The figure shown is a size reference diagram of a dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultrawideband antenna provided in the embodiments of this application. The preferred antenna size parameters are: total size 105×80×1mm. 3 The optimized dimensions for each component are as follows: Wf = 6mm, Lf = 6mm, Wr = 37.5mm, Lm = 75mm, Lr = 13mm, Lv = 37mm, Dc = 4mm, Ws = 0.6mm, Rc = 5mm, Ld = 20mm, Lk = 20mm, Rs = 5.46mm, Wk = 5mm, Wz = 1.5mm, θs = 100°. All of the above parameters can be freely set according to actual needs; this is only an example.

[0039] The specific technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is as follows:

[0040] A dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultrawideband antenna includes a substrate layer, a radiator layer, and a ground layer stacked sequentially, all of which are made of conductive fabric.

[0041] The radiator layer is provided with a radiating patch, which is used for resonance in unipolar mode.

[0042] The radiating patch has a double conical groove, which is used for resonance in Vivaldi mode.

[0043] The monopole antenna is a resonant antenna, and the length of the antenna is determined by the wavelength of the radio waves received and transmitted. The monopole antenna is usually composed of a single conductor mounted on a ground plane, and the feed line of the receiver or transmitter is connected to the conductor on one side and grounded on the other side. The monopole antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern and is used for transmission in a wide coverage range; the Vivaldi antenna is a type of tapered slot antenna (TSA), with the difference being that the curve at the slot is an exponential curve. The Vivaldi antenna is an end-fire linear ultra-wideband traveling wave antenna widely used in ultra-wideband wireless communication, direction finding, wideband phased array radar, and radio astronomy fields.

[0044] Specifically, the base layer, the radiator layer, and the ground layer are all made of conductive fabric, so that the entire antenna has a flexible structure and can be better applied to clothing and wearable devices.

[0045] Specifically, in the monopole mode, the antenna relies on the radiation patch to achieve resonance. When the radio frequency current flows in the radiation patch (as part of the monopole antenna), a magnetic field is generated around the antenna, and the changing magnetic field generates an electric field. These electric and magnetic fields interweave to form electromagnetic waves radiating into space; in the Vivaldi mode, the double-tapered slot opened on the radiation patch plays a key role. The Vivaldi antenna is a tapered slot antenna, and when energy enters the double-tapered slot, it propagates along the slot line. It is worth mentioning that the design of the double-tapered slot has better anti-interference ability, can effectively reduce path loss, and improve gain.

[0046] The above-mentioned dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna uses conductive fabric to design a single-layer radiation patch, and loads two tapered slots on the radiation patch, which can achieve wide-band operation at two different frequency bands, is less affected by the human body, is easy to apply to clothing and wearable devices, has high stability, and has strong practicality.

[0047] Further, the inner edge of the double-tapered slot is defined by an exponential curve y, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0048] y = c x e rx

[0049] Wherein, y is the exponential curve, c is the adjustment constant, r is the exponential coefficient of the curve, e is Euler's number, and x is the position variable.

[0050] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the radiation patch in the dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna of the present application is provided with a double-tapered slot, the inner edge of the double-tapered slot is defined by a specific exponential curve, the value of r is 0.11, and the value of c is 0.3. The role is to adjust the amplitude of the curve, which can be optimized according to the actual antenna design requirements to obtain the best antenna performance.

[0051] By adjusting the parameters of the exponential curve, the width and shape change of the slot line can be accurately controlled to meet the radiation conditions at different frequencies. For example, when the slot line width is greater than one-half wavelength and less than two wavelengths at the operating frequency, the antenna can produce effective radiation. At a lower frequency, the slot line end opening width does not meet the radiation condition of being greater than one-half wavelength, and electromagnetic waves are constrained in the slot line; as the frequency increases, when the slot line end opening width is greater than one-half wavelength, electromagnetic waves begin to radiate outward.

[0052] Further, the antenna has a first port connected with the radiation patch for receiving signals with a frequency of 0.92-1.62 GHz.

[0053] The antenna has a second port and a third port connected with the double-cone-shaped slot respectively for receiving signals with a frequency of 2.71-11.1 GHz.

[0054] Specifically, please refer to the antenna first port, second port, third port position schematic diagram shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 By switching between the two radiation modes through different excitation ports, the antenna can achieve ultra-wideband radiation with different beam characteristics in two frequency bands. When the antenna is fed by the first port P1, the antenna operates in a monopole mode, and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional; when the antenna is fed by the second port P2 and the third port P3 at the same time, the antenna operates in a Vivaldi mode, and the 1x2 Vivaldi antenna array proposed in the embodiment can further reduce the path loss and improve the directivity and radiation gain of the antenna.

[0055] The antenna has excellent wideband performance in both its low-frequency range and high-frequency range, which means it can effectively and stably receive and process signals of various different frequencies within its effective frequency range, for example, it can receive and process specific low-frequency signals from communication base stations and signals from other low-frequency wireless devices, and it can also adapt to the needs of various high-frequency wireless communication and radar systems, covering a wide range of frequencies from part of the Wi-Fi frequency band to the 5G communication frequency band and the millimeter wave radar frequency band, greatly improving the spectral utilization rate of the antenna.

[0056] Further, the ground layer is provided with a ground surface of the monopole radiator.

[0057] The ground surface of the monopole radiator is symmetrically provided with two quarter-circle notches, and a rectangular slot is formed in the middle of the inner edge of the ground surface.

[0058] In the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna proposed in the embodiments of the present application, the ground layer is provided with a ground plane of the radiator layer, which provides a stable reference potential for the radiation performance of the antenna. At the same time, through special shape design of the ground plane, the impedance matching and radiation characteristics of the antenna can be effectively improved, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the bandwidth.

[0059] Specifically, the ground plane of the monopole radiator is symmetrically provided with two quarter-circle notches. The design of the two notches changes the current distribution of the ground plane. When the antenna is working, radio frequency current flows in the ground layer, and when encountering these quarter-circle notches, the path of the current changes. This change makes the impedance of the antenna more matched in a certain frequency range, reduces the reflection loss, and thus widens the working bandwidth of the antenna. For example, in the low frequency band, these notches can effectively adjust the equivalent inductance and capacitance of the antenna, so that the antenna can better match the external circuit and receive and radiate signals of a wider frequency range.

[0060] Specifically, a rectangular slot is provided in the middle of the inner edge of the ground plane. The function of this rectangular slot is similar to that of the quarter-circle notch, which also adjusts the performance of the antenna by changing the current distribution of the ground layer. The presence of the rectangular slot enables the antenna to better achieve impedance matching in the high frequency band. When high-frequency signals pass through the antenna, the rectangular slot can affect the radiation pattern and directivity of the antenna, reduce the reflection and scattering of signals, and thus increase the bandwidth of the antenna in the high frequency band.

[0061] In one specific embodiment, the ground layer is symmetrically provided with two feeding lines, which are electrically connected to the double-cone-shaped slot.

[0062] The two feeding lines are respectively composed of two pairs of trapezoidal lines and a sector, for transmitting signals in the Vivaldi mode.

[0063] In this antenna, the ground layer is symmetrically provided with two feeding lines, which play a key role in the operation of the antenna. They are electrically connected to the double-cone-shaped slot and are responsible for transmitting signals in the Vivaldi mode. Each feeding line is composed of two pairs of trapezoidal lines and a sector, aiming to achieve efficient signal transmission and good antenna performance.

[0064] Specifically, the two pairs of trapezoidal lines play a role in guiding and controlling signal transmission in the feed line. The shape and size of the trapezoidal lines determine the propagation characteristics of the signal in the feed line. By reasonably designing the angle, length and width of the trapezoidal lines, the impedance of the feed line can be adjusted to better match the double-cone-shaped slot and the external circuit. This can reduce signal reflection and loss during transmission, improve signal transmission efficiency, for example, in the Vivaldi mode, when the signal enters the feed line from the external circuit, the shape of the trapezoidal line can gradually transition the signal into the double-cone-shaped slot, avoiding signal discontinuity and discontinuity. At the same time, the trapezoidal line can also filter and shape the signal, removing unwanted frequency components and improving signal purity and quality.

[0065] Specifically, the fan-shaped part plays a role in connecting and transitioning in the feed line. The design of the fan-shaped part can make the signal transmit smoothly between the two pairs of trapezoidal lines, avoiding signal interruption and interference. At the same time, in the Vivaldi mode, after the signal enters the double-cone-shaped slot through the fan-shaped part, it will propagate along the slot line and produce radiation. The design of the fan-shaped part can make the signal more evenly distributed when entering the double-cone-shaped slot, improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna, increasing the bandwidth of the feed line, and enabling it to transmit signals of a wider range of frequencies.

[0066] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the base layer is in the shape of a cylindrical sheet.

[0067] Since the embodiments provided by the present application are designed to be applied in human wearable devices, considering the natural curvature of the human body surface, for example, the antenna can be designed as a cylindrical sheet with a curvature of 12.5, which is compatible with the cylindrical shape of the human wrist. This conformal design allows the antenna to be tightly wrapped around the wrist, regardless of how the wrist is bent or rotated, the antenna can always maintain good contact with the skin and will not be displaced or loose due to movement, thereby ensuring stable reception and transmission of signals. Different people may have different wearing habits and wrist sizes, but the cylindrical sheet-shaped base layer has good adaptability. It can be adjusted according to the thickness of the individual's wrist, whether it is worn loosely or closely to the skin, it can maintain good conformal effect, meeting the needs of different users. Because the cylindrical sheet base layer conforms to the wrist, the distance between the antenna and the human body is more stable. This helps to reduce signal attenuation and interference, and improves the stability and reliability of signal transmission. Especially in human wearable devices, stable signal transmission is crucial for realizing real-time communication, data transmission and health monitoring functions.

[0068] The cylindrical sheet-shaped base layer is easy to integrate with other components of wearable devices. For example, the antenna can be integrated with flexible circuit boards, sensors, etc. inside the watchband or bracelet, achieving a more compact and integrated design. At the same time, the flexibility and conformality of the conductive fabric enable the antenna to adapt to different watchband materials and design styles, providing more possibilities for the appearance design of wearable devices.

[0069] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the surface impedance of the conductive fabric is 0.03 Ω / square, and the thickness is 0.1 mm.

[0070] In the implementation of the present application, a conductive fabric with a surface impedance of 0.03 Ω / square and a thickness of 0.1 mm is selected, aiming to minimize the surface impedance, reduce signal reflection and loss, enhance high-frequency performance, and improve radiation efficiency.

[0071] Specifically, the low-impedance conductive fabric facilitates cooperation with other circuit components inside the antenna. The low impedance of 0.03 Ω / square can better match the impedance of these circuits. For example, when the signal is transmitted from the feed line to the radiator layer or the ground layer, the low impedance can reduce signal reflection at the interface, so that the signal can be transmitted more smoothly between components, ensuring efficient operation of the entire antenna system.

[0072] Specifically, the thickness of 0.1 mm combined with the low-impedance conductive fabric is conducive to integration with other electronic devices or systems. Because these devices may have higher requirements for the signal transmission quality and power of the antenna, the low-impedance antenna can better meet these requirements, and during integration, due to its good impedance characteristics, flexibility characteristics, and low profile properties, it can reduce interference with other devices, improve the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0073] In a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna proposed in an embodiment of the present application, the surface impedance of the optional conductive fabric is 0.03 Ω / square, and the thickness is 0.1 mm.

[0074] Furthermore, the base layer is made of Kevlar fiber with a thickness of 1-3 mm.

[0075] Kevlar is a kind of aramid fiber material, which belongs to organic high-performance fiber. Its relative dielectric constant is 2.6, and the loss tangent is 0.006. It has extremely high strength, which is about 5 times higher than that of steel of the same mass, and can be used as a material for manufacturing helmets. The density of Kevlar fiber is relatively low, about 1.44 g / cm 3It is much lighter than metal materials. This makes it have great advantages in application scenarios that require weight reduction. At the same time, it also has good flexibility and can be woven, wound into various shapes, and it also has high modulus, which refers to the ability of a material to resist elastic deformation under stress. The high modulus of Kevlar fiber makes it not easy to elongate and deform under external force, and can maintain good shape stability.

[0076] Specifically, when Kevlar fiber is applied to the substrate layer of the antenna proposed in the embodiments of the present application, it can provide good mechanical support for the antenna. In some complex use environments, such as when the antenna may be subjected to external pressure, collision or twisting, Kevlar fiber can effectively prevent the substrate layer from deforming, thereby ensuring the overall structural integrity of the antenna. For example, in wearable device antenna applications, people's daily activities will inevitably exert various forces on the device, and the Kevlar fiber substrate layer can withstand these forces to ensure the normal operation of the antenna. Due to its high modulus characteristics, the Kevlar fiber substrate layer is not prone to elongation and deformation under external force. It can maintain the shape accuracy of the antenna and maintain the radiation characteristics and signal transmission performance of the antenna.

[0077] Preferably, the substrate layer is made of Kevlar fiber with a thickness of 1 mm. It can be better applied in wearable devices or clothes while maintaining the radiation efficiency and signal transmission performance of the antenna, and has better comfort.

[0078] The simulation results of the reflection coefficients of the three ports of the dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna proposed in the embodiments of the present application are given through simulation experiments. Please refer to Figure 6 The simulation results of the reflection coefficients of the three ports (i.e. S11, S22 and S33) of the proposed antenna are shown, where the vertical coordinate is the scattering parameter (Scattering Parameters) of the antenna, which describes the characteristics of the transmission channel, and the horizontal coordinate is the operating frequency of the antenna. When the antenna works in monopole mode (fed by the first port P1), the impedance bandwidth of -10 dB is 0.92-1.62 GHz, and the fractional bandwidth can reach 55%. When the antenna works in the Vivaldi mode (fed by the second port P2 and the third port P3 in anti-phase), the impedance bandwidth of -10 dB is 2.71-11.1 GHz, and the fractional bandwidth is 121.5%.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8The radiation patterns of the monopole mode antenna are shown, which show the simulated radiation patterns of the monopole mode antenna in the xz and yz planes at three frequencies (0.95 / 1.3 / 1.6 GHz) within the operating band. The results clearly show that the antenna has two nulls in the xz plane and exhibits the desired omnidirectional radiation pattern in the yz plane. That is, the antenna has bidirectional radiation in the x-z plane and omnidirectional radiation in the y-z plane. The proposed antenna has peak gains of 3.4 / 2.9 / 4.5 dBi at the three frequencies, respectively, and the cross-polarization level is less than 14 dB.

[0080] Reference is made to Figure 9 with Figure 10 The radiation patterns of the violin mode antenna are shown, which show the simulated radiation patterns in the xz and xy planes at 3, 6, and 10 GHz in the violin mode. In this mode, the antenna has an end-fire mode, radiating along θ = 90 in the x-z plane and φ = 180 in the y-z plane. The maximum radiation direction is concentrated in the +x axis, and the proposed antenna has peak gains of 3.96 / 7.65 / 9.27 dBi at the three frequencies, respectively. The antenna has lobe widths of 158° / 70°, 97° / 26°, and 75° / 20° in the XOZ / XOY planes at the three frequencies, respectively, and the radiation pattern exhibits low cross-polarization levels and high front-to-back ratios.

[0081] From the results of the simulation experiments, the radiation efficiency is above 73% throughout the operating band in both operating modes. The antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth in both the monopole mode and the violin mode, which can cover multiple communication frequency bands. This allows the antenna to be stably applied in different wireless communication systems, meets various communication needs, improves the flexibility and adaptability of the communication system, reduces the need for multiple antennas, and reduces system cost and complexity.

[0082] The antenna has different radiation patterns and gain characteristics in different modes. The bidirectional and omnidirectional radiation in the monopole mode and the end-fire mode in the violin mode allow the antenna to select the appropriate operating mode according to different application scenarios. For example, in indoor wireless communication, omnidirectional radiation can achieve uniform coverage of signals; in long-distance communication, the end-fire mode can improve the transmission distance and directivity of signals. Moreover, the antenna has high peak gains at different frequencies, which can improve the transmission strength and reception sensitivity of signals. Due to the characteristics of dual-frequency dual-mode and wide-band coverage, as well as the diversified radiation characteristics and high gain performance, the antenna has wide application potential.

[0083] The embodiment of the present application provides a flexible dual-frequency dual-beam wearable conformal antenna. The antenna is based on a monopole antenna and integrates a 1x2-dimensional Vivaldi antenna array. By switching different feeding ports, the monopole mode omnidirectional radiation of 0.92-1.62 GHz and the Vivaldi mode end-fire radiation of 2.71-11.1 GHz can be realized.

[0084] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides an application based on the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the application is similar to the implementation scheme described in the above antenna, and therefore the specific definition in one or more application embodiments provided below can refer to the definition of the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna in the above, which will not be repeated here.

[0085] In one exemplary embodiment, an application based on the above dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna is provided, which can be applied in clothes, portable electronic devices or wearable devices.

[0086] The antenna provided by the present application is made of conductive fabric, has the characteristics of flexibility, small volume and low profile, so that the antenna can well fit the human body curve and will not produce a sense of strangeness on the clothes. When the antenna is placed in the position such as the sleeve, the collar or the waist of the clothes, it can naturally bend along with the movement of the human body and will not limit the human body movement or affect the comfort of wearing due to the rigid structure. Moreover, the dual-frequency dual-mode characteristics of the antenna enable it to simultaneously support signal receiving and transmitting of different frequency bands. In the application scenario of clothes as a carrier, this means that it can be compatible with multiple wireless communication devices and technologies; the ultra-wideband characteristics enable the antenna to receive and transmit signals of a wider frequency range, provide higher data transmission speed and better communication quality, and when wearing clothes with such an antenna, the user can download or upload data faster.

[0087] For example, for clothing, the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna can be ingeniously integrated into specific parts of the clothing, such as the collar, sleeve, pocket edge, etc. Special sewing techniques can be used to tightly combine the antenna substrate layer, radiator layer and ground layer made of conductive fabric with the clothing fabric, ensuring that the antenna will not shift or be damaged during daily wear and washing. For example, in sports clothing, the antenna can be integrated at the collar, making it convenient for users to receive and send wireless signals during exercise, enabling connection with exercise monitoring devices or smartphones. Alternatively, in smart glasses, the antenna can be integrated on the glasses legs or frame. Due to the delicate structure of glasses, a miniaturized antenna design is required. Nano technology or micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology can be used to manufacture the antenna into a small sheet-like structure and paste it on specific parts of the glasses. For example, on the inside of the glasses legs, a conductive fabric antenna can be pasted to connect with the electronic components inside the glasses to achieve wireless communication and data transmission functions.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, an application based on the above-mentioned dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna is provided, which can be used in near-air balloon communication devices or near-air kite communication devices.

[0089] In scenarios such as deep forest exploration or emergency rescue where infrastructure is weak and communication signals are poor, balloon and kite communication devices can serve as a quick deployment and low-cost communication means. Compared with traditional satellite communication or large unmanned aerial vehicle communication systems, kite near-air exploration and communication technology is much cheaper. The kite itself has relatively low manufacturing costs and does not require complex launching and maintenance equipment. For example, in forest rescue and deep mountain emergency communication scenarios, using a kite communication system can greatly reduce rescue costs, allowing more resources to be used for actual rescue operations. At the same time, the maintenance cost is also relatively low. The kite structure is simple, easy to maintain and repair. In emergency situations, damaged parts can be quickly replaced to ensure the continuous operation of the communication system.

[0090] Specifically, for the near-air balloon communication device, the antenna is connected to the communication module on the balloon through a flexible cable. The communication module can integrate data processing, storage, and signal modulation and demodulation functions. When the balloon flies at high altitudes, the antenna receives signals from ground base stations or other communication sources and transmits them to the communication module for processing. At the same time, the communication module can also send sensor data (such as meteorological data, environmental monitoring data, etc.) carried on the balloon through the antenna. During signal transmission, the dual-frequency dual-mode characteristics of the antenna can be used to select the appropriate frequency mode according to different communication needs, improving the stability and transmission efficiency of the signal.

[0091] In summary, the dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna provided by the embodiment of the application is composed of a substrate layer made of conductive fabric, a radiator layer and a ground layer in turn. The radiating patch is used for single-pole mode resonance, the double-cone-shaped slot thereon works in the Vivaldi mode, and the inner edge of the double-cone-shaped slot is defined by a specific exponential curve. The antenna has three ports corresponding to high-frequency band signals of 2.71-11.1 GHz and low-frequency band signals of 0.92-1.62 GHz respectively. The ground layer is provided with two quarter-circle notches, the inner side edges of which are provided with a rectangular slot in the middle, and is further loaded with a feeding line composed of two pairs of trapezoidal lines and a sector. The substrate layer is a cylindrical sheet, the surface impedance of the conductive fabric is small and the thickness is thin, and the conductive fabric can also be made of Kevlar fiber. The antenna can be applied to clothes, portable electronic devices or wearable devices, and near-air balloon or near-air kite communication devices. It has dual-band dual-mode ultra-wideband characteristics, is less affected by the human body, has strong conformal design and flexibility, its special structure can improve the gain, and has strong transmission stability, and is widely applied, thereby providing strong technical support for the fields of smart life and near-air communication.

[0092] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation manners of the embodiments of the application, the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the embodiments of the application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the embodiments of the application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the application.

Claims

1.A dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna, comprising: a radiating layer, a substrate layer and a ground layer stacked in sequence, wherein each of the radiating layer, the substrate layer and the ground layer is made of conductive fabric; the radiating layer is provided with a radiating patch for resonating in a monopole mode; the radiating patch is provided with a double-cone slot for resonating in a violin mode; the antenna has a first port connected with the radiating patch for receiving signals with a frequency of 0.92-1.62GHz; the antenna has a second port and a third port connected with the double-cone slot respectively for receiving signals with a frequency of 2.71-11.1GHz; the ground layer is provided with a monopole radiating ground plane; the monopole radiating ground plane is symmetrically provided with two quarter-circle notches, and a rectangular slot is formed in the middle of the inner edge of the monopole radiating ground plane. 2.The dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the inner edge of the double-cone slot is defined by an exponential curve y, and the specific formula is as follows: wherein y is the exponential curve, c is an adjustment constant, r is an exponential coefficient of the curve, e is Euler's number, and x is a position variable. 3.The dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the ground layer is symmetrically provided with two feeding lines, and each of the two feeding lines is electrically connected with the double-cone slot; each of the two feeding lines is composed of two pairs of trapezoidal lines and a sector, and is used for transmitting signals in the violin mode. 4.The dual-band dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the substrate layer is in the shape of a cylindrical sheet; the conductive fabric has a surface impedance of 0.03Ω / square and a thickness of 0.1mm; the substrate layer is made of Kevlar fiber with a thickness of 1-3mm; and the antenna is applied in clothes, portable electronic devices or wearable devices, near-air balloon communication devices or near-air kite communication devices. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ； ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5. The dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein, ​ 6. The dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein, ​ 7. An application of the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 8. An application of the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​

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