Closure system and container with flame mitigation

Abstract

Flame mitigation devices that meet all applicable regulatory requirements are described. The system includes a mesh element secured to a closure fitting specially designed to be coupled to a circular bead or edge located on the container neck. A tamper-resistant and child-safe feature may be incorporated at the interface of the closure fitting and a lid removably attached to the closure, while the closure is effectively coupled to the container in a permanent manner.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the following U.S. provisional patent applications, all of which are incorporated herein by reference: 63 / 338,257 filed May 4, 2022; 63 / 342,211 filed May 16, 2022; and 63 / 351,965 filed June 14, 2022. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention generally relates to: a disposable prefilled storage container for flammable fuels and liquids having a flash point below 60°C (140°F); an attachable closure having an integrally formed or permanently affixed flame relief device disposed within an outlet to minimize or prevent the possibility of flame projection or container rupture. Background Art

[0004] Portable fuel containers are widely used for the transport, storage and dispensing of fuels, ignition agents, internal combustion engine additives and other flammable liquids (i.e. liquids with a flash point below 60°C (140°F)). Typically, these liquids are sold in disposable (and sometimes reusable) prefilled containers. Due to their flammable nature, many legal and regulatory requirements are imposed on manufacturers and sellers of such containers.

[0005] For example, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission has adopted or recognized many standards issued by ASTM International, including F3429; F3326; F2874; F2517; and F852. In this regard, one of the main areas of concern is the provision of flame mitigation devices. These devices typically take the form of physical inserts that prevent flames from being transmitted into or out of the container.

[0006] The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a liquid forms vapors above its surface in sufficient concentration to be ignited, and the lower the flash point, the more easily the liquid can ignite. Liquids with flash points below 100° F are designated "flammable," while "combustible" liquids have flash points at or above 100° F. Most existing and contemplated statutory / regulatory schemes attempt to mitigate the effects of sparks and flames by providing a barrier to prevent, inhibit, or delay ignition of vapors inherent to all flammable and combustible liquids (and especially those confined in containers with narrow necks or outlets).

[0007] U.S. Patents 1,553,395; 1,816,323; 1,792,198; 2,247,734; 3,327,628; 4,483,461; 9,126,067; 9,174,075; 9,295,860; 10,029,132; 10,307,625; 10,792,525 all describe various mechanisms for suppressing, preventing or mitigating flame and explosion events in containers and transport vessels for flammable liquids and fluids. All of these patents are incorporated herein by reference as a background for design considerations, objectives and challenges in this field. German publication DE149581A, Australian patent AU511081B, British publication GB707414A and European patent EP2812275B1 also provide similar information.

[0008] Generally, many, if not all, of these flame mitigation devices rely on entraining fuel in small holes in a cup or screen disposed within the neck of the container. The vapor pressure released by the entrained fuel is sufficient to prevent a combustible ratio of air and fuel from appearing at the container opening, or the cup or screen is constructed so that the flame is extinguished before it can propagate beyond the screen.

[0009] A disadvantage of many of these structures is that they must be permanently fixed to the container. However, if they are formed integrally with the container, filling the container may become a problem because the fluid flow through such small holes may be slow and / or the small holes may become blocked.

[0010] As a final consideration, many consumer product companies have launched sustainability campaigns whereby packaging must be made from a certain percentage (i.e., at least 67%, up to 95%, or even 100%) of post-consumer resin (PCR) and / or be capable of being introduced into a PCR recycling system. PCR resins may include (but are not limited to) certain grades of thermoplastics. Ideally, a single type of PCR resin would be employed so that the closure could be introduced into a recycling program without the need to disassemble and / or separate the parts, even in cases where the entire closure may be comprised of recyclable materials (e.g., plastic closures with metal components must have such components disassembled and removed / sorted to ensure that the metal does not contaminate the plastic recycling / recovery chain).

[0011] In view of the above, there is a need for a container having a closure that can be permanently secured after the container is initially filled, particularly for containers that rely on traditional and existing neck finishes (i.e., having standard sizes commonly used in the industry). Such containers must have a flame mitigation device that meets some of all of the aforementioned legal and / or regulatory requirements. In addition, the entire assembly should be made of cost-effective, sustainable and recyclable materials. Summary of the invention

[0012] In addition to the benefits noted above, various aspects of the present invention / contemplated herein are generally directed toward the following goals: (i) deterring the ability of bad actors to place counterfeit products in a given container; (ii) preventing anyone from tampering with the product carried in that container, or at least providing an easily identifiable mark to the end user indicating that such tampering has occurred; and (iii) satisfying various safety standards and / or legal / regulatory requirements relating to flame mitigation and preventing or extinguishing ignited smoke or liquid from penetrating the neck of the container and causing a larger fire or explosion event.

[0013] A flame mitigation system and device includes an enclosure defining an internal tubular cavity. The enclosure includes an outer radial flange having a REL type fitting feature on its bottom surface, positioned between skirts extending coaxially downward. The interior face of the tubular cavity includes an inwardly projecting protective ring and a boss located below it that allows attachment of a mesh element. The mesh element includes a specific arrangement of solid crossbars or wires and open area holes, providing optional vents in plastic molded versions of the mesh. Crucially, the distance between the mesh and the top of the nozzle and the inner diameter of the nozzle and the inner diameter at the protective ring determine the ability of the system to meet the various requirements for the flame mitigation device contemplated herein, whether in the form of ASTM test protocols or other criteria.

[0014] Specific reference is made to the attached claims, drawings and the following description, all of which disclose elements of the present invention. Although specific embodiments are identified, it should be understood that elements from one aspect described may be combined with elements from separately identified aspects. In the same manner, a person of ordinary skill will have the necessary understanding of common processes, components and methods, and this description is intended to encompass and disclose such common aspects, even if they are not explicitly identified herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The operation of the present invention may be better understood by reference to the detailed description in conjunction with the following illustrated drawings. These drawings form a part of this specification, and any information on / in the drawings is both literally contained information (i.e., the actual stated values) and relatively contained information (e.g., ratios of the various dimensions of parts). In like manner, the relative positioning and relationship of the components shown in these drawings, as well as their functions, shapes, sizes, and appearances, may all be used to further understand certain aspects of the present invention, as if fully reproduced herein. Unless otherwise stated, all dimensions in the drawings are referenced to inches, and any printed information on / in the drawings forms a part of this written disclosure. Because the drawings are provided to scale, dimensional information and comparative ratios may be obtained from the individual figures (e.g., see Fig. 9 ) is inferred, extrapolated or otherwise obtained.

[0016] In the drawings and appendices, all of which are incorporated as a part of this disclosure:

[0017] Figure 1A is an isometric view of the flame mitigation spout and cap in its assembled form, highlighting certain tamper-proof and child-resistant features. Figure 1B yes Figure 1A An exploded view to scale of the spout and cover as envisioned in FIG.

[0018] Figure 2A and Figure 2B yes Figure 1A Complementary front and side plan views of a first embodiment of a spout.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2A Bottom plan view of the spout.

[0020] FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C yes Figure 2A A 3D perspective view of the nozzle. Figure 4A and Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view (respectively in Figure 1B 4A-4A and 4B-4B in the plane defined by the diameter of the nozzle), and Figure 4C is a cross-sectional 3D view (at the middle section of the nozzle and with Figure 4A (taken in a transverse plane orthogonal to the cross-sectional plane in the figure).

[0021] Figure 5A and Figure 5B Shows Figure 1A A second embodiment of the spout and closure is contemplated, Figure 5A is an exploded isometric view, and Figure 5B is a partial cross-sectional view.

[0022] Fig. 6A and Figure 6B Shows Figure 1A A third embodiment of the spout and closure is contemplated, but includes an annular insert, Fig. 6A is an exploded isometric view, and Figure 6B is a partial cross-sectional view.

[0023] 7A to 7C yes Figure 1A Various views of a fourth embodiment of the contemplated spout, Fig. 7A and Figure 7B are top and bottom plan views, respectively, and Figure 7C is a cross-sectional 3D view taken along the nozzle diameter coinciding with the stop located on the external flange.

[0024] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C yes Fig. 7A Various independent views of the mesh insert as envisioned for the nozzle, Fig. 8A and Figure 8B are top and bottom perspectives that complement each other, and Figure 8C is a cross-sectional side view taken along the diameter of the mesh insert.

[0025] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary nozzle for the purpose of defining certain dimensions and features that may be applicable to various embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that other embodiments may be employed and structural and functional changes may be made without departing from the corresponding scope of the present invention. Therefore, the following description is presented only by way of illustration and should not limit in any way the various changes and modifications that may be made to the illustrated embodiments, and the various changes and modifications remain within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0027] As used herein, the words "example" and "exemplary" refer to an instance or illustration. The words "example" or "exemplary" do not indicate a critical or preferred aspect or embodiment. Unless the context suggests otherwise, the word "or" is intended to be inclusive rather than exclusive. For example, the phrase "A employs B or C" includes any inclusive arrangement (e.g., A employs B; A employs C; or A employs B and C). On the other hand, the articles "a" and "an" are generally intended to mean "one or more," unless the context suggests otherwise.

[0028] Conceived closures for sealing containers that add flame suppression and / or mitigation measures. The container and closure combination can have any number of conventional features common in the art, including but not limited to a screw fit arrangement between the lid and the closure to allow selective removal and reassembly of the closure. When assembled, the combination can form a watertight and / or airtight seal. Initial removal of the lid from the closure engages, activates, or otherwise enables use of anti-counterfeiting, anti-tampering, authentication / verification, or other information means known in the art.

[0029] The axial force required to secure the closure fitment to the container neck will lock these components in place. The embodiments disclosed herein are particularly suitable for use in combination with containers having a rolled neck finish, such as containers having a tapered / narrow neck terminating in a rounded and curved terminal edge. FIG. 5A to FIG. 6B Such a neck finish allows the container to be filled before or after the closure is snap-fitted onto the neck in a single axial motion (as compared to welding the fitting or rotating the fitting onto an engaging feature such as threads on the neck).

[0030] Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Fig. 9 Elements or dimensions / ratios common to all disclosed embodiments are shown, while FIG. 2A to FIG. 8C Discrete aspects are shown that may be employed alone or in combination with other aspects. In all cases, selected reference numerals may apply to multiple different embodiments even if not all features are fully and comprehensively labeled in a single figure.

[0031] The flame mitigation device and system 1 includes a closure fitting 2 having a removable cap 3. A mesh element or insert 4 is secured along an interior lumen of the fitting, and a removable tamper-resistant panel 5 may be secured or integrally formed across the lumen above the mesh 4 along a midsection 205 of the closure 2. The lumen extends from a top 201 to a bottom 202 of the cylindrical body, defining an overall axial height 261 of the closure 2, thereby forming a pour spout aperture 203 covered by the cap 3 and an inlet 204 disposed toward the interior volume of the container. In some aspects, the mesh 4 is secured to an annular insert 6, which is then itself secured to the closure along the interior lumen of the closure 2. The closure fitting 2 includes a circular attachment groove or gap 27 configured to receive a similar curved edge 12 disposed at a terminal end of a container 11. In some aspects, the container 11 and the neck finish 12 may be formed of metals or alloys that are specifically selected for their compatibility with the flammable liquid carried within the container. Nonetheless, the system 1 may be used with plastic, glass, or ceramic containers having appropriate characteristics.

[0032] The top end 201 of the lumen may be hollow cylindrical with an angled or slightly tapered terminal edge (as characterized by the upper extension 21) and an inner diameter 271. Threads or other engagement features 211 located on the outer surface of the extension 21 mate with threads or similar engagement features 34 found on the inner skirt 32 of the cap 3.

[0033] On the inner surface of the extension 21, preferably at or slightly below the elevation of the feature 21, a protective ring 22 radially extends into the lumen to define an inner diameter 272 and an outer diameter 273. The ring 22 may include reinforcing supports 221 spaced circumferentially around the underside of the ring 22. The ring is positioned at an axial height 262 relative to the top 201, and the ring 22 has its own thickness / height 263. Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory of operation, the ring 22 is believed to be an impediment to flames that may propagate within the lumen. It also creates turbulence in the flow of fluid along the otherwise smooth surface of the interior face of the lumen, which delays penetration through the mesh (penetration of the flame (when present) and the fluid flowing along the lumen).

[0034] The ring 22 can also accommodate the integral formation or attachment of a tamper-proof panel 5 that spans and blocks the lumen. If integrally formed (e.g., by injection or other molding processes), the thinned section 51 of the panel ensures that the panel 5 can be broken and removed by pulling and / or twisting with a bail handle 53. The main panel 52 can be flat or tapered in shape, and, in any case, will have a greater thickness than the thinned section in order to produce a predictable break line. In some aspects, the thickness of the main panel 52 is at least twice that of the thinned section 51, and can be up to ten times that of the thinned section (the thinned section itself will completely surround the main panel 52 along the periphery of the main panel 52).

[0035] Likewise, within the middle section 205, an annular flange 23 projects outwardly at a substantially orthogonal angle compared to the extension 21, thereby imparting a relatively larger outer diameter 276 at the flange compared to the outer diameter 273 located near the ring 22 (i.e., along the entire extension 21). The flange 23 provides a seat and lower rotation stop for the cap 3, and a stop 231 may be provided on the upper surface of the flange 23 for cooperating with a tamper-resistant and / or child-resistant feature on the skirt 32 of the cap. In one aspect, the stop 231 is an axially extending protrusion, possibly with an angled ramp, which catches a corresponding feature on the cap 3. In another aspect, a splined edge may be formed within the flange 23 to act as a stop 231, thereby cooperating with a compressible detent 35 on the cap 3, such that the skirt 32 must flex in order for the cap 3 to be released and rotated relative to the closure fitting 2.

[0036] The elevation of the top of the annular flange 23 is Fig. 9 265 in the annulus. A transition boss 232 is formed on the inner face of the lumen at an axial height 264 relative to the top 201. The boss 232 provides a radially aligned surface for connecting the mesh 4 by ultrasonic welding or heat fusion or by various connecting / engaging features 235. The boss 232 defines an inner diameter 274, which can be the same as or slightly larger than the diameter 271 (both diameters 271 and 274 are larger than the inner diameter 273 defined by the ring 22). Figure 5B In one aspect shown, the integral post or extension 23 extends axially away from the boss 232. Other arrangements contemplate providing an annular groove 234 or other bayonet or snap-fit ​​projection with a corresponding slot. Where the boss 232 forms an attachment point for the mesh 4, the elevation of the boss serves as a proxy for the relative positioning / elevation of the mesh 4 (see Fig. 9 The axial height 264 and / or 266 and Figure 4A 267a and Figure 7C 267b).

[0037] A pair of skirts 24, 25 extend downwardly from the flange 23. Preferably, the skirts 24, 25 are coaxially oriented, with the outer skirt 24 being located at the periphery of the flange and the inner plug-seal skirt 25 being aligned with the upper extension 21 or configured to be larger than the diameter of the upper extension (e.g., Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5B , Figure 6B and Figure 7C ). In addition, the plug seal skirt 25 should extend axially beyond the edge of the outer skirt 24 so that the plug seal skirt 25 effectively defines the bottom end 205 of the closure 2. That is, the plug seal skirt 25 is positioned between diameters 274 and 276, and more preferably between diameter 273 and the diameter defined by the innermost radial edge of the retaining bead 241, and is coaxially located within the diameter defined by the innermost radial edge of the retaining bead, with an axial length on the inner face defined by height 266 (i.e., from edge 252 to boss 232), and its total length is defined by height 265 (i.e., from edge 252 to the top surface of flange 23).

[0038] The outer skirt includes a retaining bead 241 formed on its interior face. The bead 241 will conform to the outer edge of the container neck 12 so as to seal the closure 2 to the container 11. The bead 241 will also be curved so as to be integral with the curved surface along the gap 27 between the skirts 24, 25. Preferably, the curved surface of the gap 27 maintains a common radius along most of its arc, again allowing a consistent and sealed arrangement between the lower surface of the flange 23 and the upper surface of the neck 12. The apex of this fillet curve may have an elevation relative to the bottom edge 202 that is the same as the boss 232 (see FIG. 2 ). Fig. 9 An elevation that is the same as or higher than the axial height 266).

[0039] The outer skirt 24 may have a flat bottom edge with its outer sidewalls conforming to the angle of the extension 21. Both skirts 24, 25 will be sufficiently flexible and resilient to accommodate assembly with the container neck 12, but the overall structure (in terms of material selection and dimensions of the skirts 24, 25) should ensure that the closure 2 is attached in an effectively permanent manner (i.e., such that it requires the application of a substantial and directed force to remove the closure 2 from the container neck 12).

[0040] The inner skirt or plug seal skirt 25 should extend in a generally parallel direction compared to the outer skirt 24, more preferably at right angles to the radial flange 23. The axial height 265 of the inner skirt 25 relative to the boss 232 will include a tapered or wedge-shaped edge 252 located at the bottom 202. Along the outer face, the retaining bead 251 extends radially outward at or below the height of the bead 241 located on the outer skirt 24. Thus, the bead 251 effectively defines the inner edge of the gap 27, which means that it should conform to the aforementioned curved surface (the beads 241 and 251 also ensure good attachment to the container 11).

[0041] The interior face of the plug seal skirt 25 may include a plurality of engagement features. The retaining groove 255 may accommodate corresponding features on the outer diameter of the mesh element, and it provides a greater exposed surface area on the bottom surface of the boss 23 for welding or heat staking the mesh element 4. The groove 255 and the tapered edge 252 also serve to give the plug seal skirt 25 a wedge shape, wherein the maximum radial thickness of the skirt 25 is along the bead 251 (which itself is located at a lower elevation relative to the bottom 202 than the groove 255). It is noteworthy that the groove 255 is larger than the groove 234, and, while both grooves may be provided, in a large number of designs / iterations, the groove 255 may prove easier to accommodate than the groove 234.

[0042] Additionally, a series of retaining tabs 254 may be positioned on the interior face of the plug seal skirt 25. These tabs 254 are spaced apart to define a circumference within which the mesh insert 4 may be retained. A series of spaced apart gaps 253 extend axially upwardly into the skirt 25 along the lower edge 252 to allow for greater flexibility of the skirt 25 and tolerance of the sealing effect and assembly between the closure 2 and the container 11.

[0043] In some aspects, an annular insert 6 can be used. This insert 6 allows the mesh to be attached separately and then snap-fitted or otherwise attached to the closure by any one of the grooves 234, the engagement features 235 or the grooves 255. In particular, the flange 61 extends radially outward from the cylinder defined by the insert 6, preferably at the top end of the insert. The skirt 62 extends downward from the flange 61 so that the mesh can be attached to the bottom and / or inner face of the skirt 62. The insert 6 should be particularly useful in the case where the wire mesh is heat-welded. Compared with the composition / construction of the closure 2, the insert 6 also allows the use of different polymer materials, which allows greater flexibility in manufacturing operations.

[0044] The mesh element 4 can take one of two basic forms. Both forms rely on intersecting wires or crossbars 41, which must define holes 42 along the entire planar surface of the mesh 4. Without wishing to be bound by any theory of operation, the solid crossbars hinder the flow of fluids (particularly volatile vapors) by creating obstacles and turbulence relative to the flame propagation through the surface. In addition or alternatively, due to surface tension / adhesion and Van Der Waals forces, the holes 42 can hold liquids. The presence of such liquids may change the concentration of volatile vapors around the mesh 4, thereby hindering the formation or propagation of flames through the mesh 4.

[0045] The first form of mesh member 4 is shown in Figure 4B , Figure 5B and Figure 6B Here, two sets of parallel metal wires are used to create a mesh. Each wire in each set has a serpentine shape so that it bends regularly at regular alternating angles, allowing the two sets of wires to be intertwined. The wires should have a relative diameter / thickness of 9 units (+ / - 2) compared to a square hole of 26 units (+ / - 2) in length. When the sets of wires are interlaced, the total thickness (from the top planar surface to the bottom planar surface) is approximately 18 units (+ / - 2).

[0046] The mesh 4 of this first form has a peripheral shape selected to match the cross-sectional shape of the lumen in the closure 2 at the level of the boss 23. Preferably, the shape will be circular or elliptical, with the diameter / width of the mesh 4 exceeding the inner diameter 274 (but necessarily less than the inner diameter 275 of the plug seal 275). If an annular insert 6 is employed, the mesh 4 may be sized and shaped to conform to the insert 6.

[0047] When the mesh is made of a metal or material with a sufficiently high softening / melting point compared to the material of the closure 2 or insert 6, an ultrasonic welding or heat fusion operation can be used to respectively join the mesh 4. Heat fusion involves applying localized heating around the periphery to melt or soften the boss 23 or insert 6, pressing and embedding the mesh 4 therein. After cooling, the mesh 4 is joined / attached with sufficient strength to withstand the expected test procedures (e.g., any of the aforementioned ASTM protocols in the background section above).

[0048] As an alternative, the mesh insert 4 may be formed by polymer moulding. Here, the crossbars (i.e. wires) and holes may be of larger size than in a metal form to accommodate the moulding process. For example, the hole size would be 50 units compared to a shroud with an axial height of 39 units.

[0049] like FIG. 8A to FIG. 8CAs shown, this second form of mesh 4 can be formed in a flat plane. It is worth noting that the peripheral skirt 43 includes a joint feature 431, such as a radially protruding curling edge, preferably located at the end and / or top edge of the skirt 43, thereby giving the insert a maximum outer diameter 471. The skirt 43 is inclined, angled or gradually tapered downward to a minimum outer diameter 472, and the mesh is completely formed within the inner diameter 473.

[0050] In this second form, the mesh includes a series of vent holes 44 that are significantly larger than the mesh holes 42. These vents 44 allow for proper flow of fluid (and particularly make-up air) to minimize undesirable pressure differentials during pouring that may otherwise result in inconsistent dispensing and / or "glugging". Preferably, 4 vents (and from 2 or 3 to 5, 6, 7 or 8) may be spaced at equal distances around the inner circumference. Each vent will have an axial shield 45 to improve the performance of flame mitigation and dispensing.

[0051] The shroud will extend above the top surface of the mesh an axial height 463. In contrast, the mesh has its own axial thickness or height 461 that is equal to or less than the shroud height 463. The axial height of the skirt 43 (i.e., the combination of the axial distance 462 (measured from the edge of the mesh to the top) and the mesh thickness 461) should be at least two times greater than the shroud height 463, and at most five times greater.

[0052] like Fig. 8A and Figure 8B As shown, four vents are provided at equal intervals along the perimeter. Each vent is formed in the shape of an approximate isosceles triangle, except that the equal length sides may actually differ slightly (<5% difference) and the elongated sides are curved to match the circumference of the circular shape of the mesh. In addition, the right angles formed by the shorter sides have rounded corners. Nevertheless, the total open surface area of ​​the vents is approximately 4 to 5 times larger than the open surface area of ​​a single hole. In one aspect, the horizontal thickness 474 of each crossbar / wire is one unit, the vertical thickness 461 in the crossbar / wire is 0.75 units, and the size of each hole in the mesh is 1.25×1.25 units (each hole provides approximately 1.56 units 2 In turn, 69 full square holes and an additional 8 partial holes (approximately 50-75% of the size of the full holes) are paired with 4 triangular vents, each with a diameter of 10 to 11 units. 2Each vent is surrounded on its elongated side by the inner face of the skirt 43 and on its equal side by a shroud 45 which rises approximately 0.88 units above the top planar surface of the mesh. This arrangement allows for adequate through-capacity for liquid and gaseous fluids while still providing adequate flame mitigation performance.

[0053] Crucially, the inventors have also discovered that the relative size and axial elevation of the mesh 4 relative to the size and shape of the "REL" style snap-fit ​​closure 2 contemplated herein affects its flame mitigation characteristics. Specifically, the distance / height 267a, 267b from the mesh 4 (depending on the type of mesh) to the top 201 of the nozzle 203 will affect the ability of the system 1 to pass the aforementioned ASTM tests of interest. Therefore (and in addition to Figure 4C , Figure 7C , Figure 8C and Fig. 9 The sizes, ranges and ratios listed in Tables 1-3 are preferred aspects of the system of the present invention, except for other inherent dimensional relationships:

[0054] Table 1. Closure Dimensions (Inches)

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Table 2. Exemplary ratios of IDs with reference to Table 1

[0058] relation Minimum Maximum Preferred value A / B(all) 1.00 1.20 1.08 A / C (all) 1.50 2.50 2.11 A / Da(Metal mesh) 1.00 1.50 1.26 A / Db(Plastic mesh) 1.00 1.50 1.02

[0059] Table 3. Dimensions of Mesh (Metal and Plastic) (Inches)

[0060] type describe Minimum Maximum Preferred value Metal Wire size 0.007 0.011 0.009 Metal Opening (hole) size 0.024 0.028 0.026 Metal Total thickness (woven) 0.016 0.020 0.018 plastic Hole (hole) size, square side 0.037 0.041 0.039 plastic Vent size, equal length side 0.010 0.014 0.012 plastic Vent size, radius length to slender size 0.004 0.008 0.006

[0061] In addition, the mass of the solid material compared to the open surface area within the internal lumen (i.e., mesh pores 42 and vents 44, if present) also plays a key role. In this regard, the total surface area on the top surface of the plastic mesh (e.g., FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C As shown above) is approximately 1000 to 1050 units 2 , while the open surface area (holes and vents) is between 148 and 164 units 2 , which means that approximately 14.0% to 16.5% of the top surface area is open. It is worth noting that although specific values ​​are provided, it should be understood that integers within these ranges and up to + / - 5% of the values ​​are considered to be disclosed and each constitutes a different aspect of the present invention. Similarly, the volumetric embodiment can be based on a thickness of 0.75 unit 2The density of common injection molded polymers (e.g., polypropylene, polyethylene, etc.) allows the invention to be defined based on the mass of the material.

[0062] With respect to the metal mesh, based on the dimensions considered above, 740 to 780 holes can be formed. Since the square faces of the holes are approximately 2.89 times larger than the thickness of the wire itself, and the diameter of the exposed top portion of the mesh is between 100 and 110 times larger than these faces, the percentage of open surface area is similar, between 13.5% and 14.5% of the open surface area. As with the plastic embodiment, intermediate integers and + / - 5% of the stated values ​​are considered disclosed and each constitutes a different aspect of the invention.

[0063] In summary, in addition to the specific features of the closure (i.e., the spout, snap-on neck fitting, pour spout, firestop protection ring, and mesh specifically designed to allow fluids (liquids and gases) to flow through the mesh), the inventors have determined that various combinations of the distance from the top of the spout to the top of the mesh, the inner diameter of the spout, the inner diameter of the protection ring, and the open area of ​​the mesh itself (compared to the solid material forming the mesh crossbars) all contribute to the flame mitigation performance of this particular closure. Specifically, the maximum, minimum, and preferred ranges in Table 2 can be selected, as well as an open area on the mesh between 10% and 20% (i.e., 10% of the total surface area is occupied by voids / pores), and as described above, in certain aspects, more preferred ranges of 13% to 17%, 14% to 16%, and about 15% are considered part of the design of the present invention.

[0064] A separate annular insert is used to attach the mesh (based on FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C The description and features of the mesh pattern shown, by forming a plastic mesh integrally on / with the insert or by heat staking a metal mesh to the insert), the insert will be of sufficient size to achieve the above ratios and dimensions. One of the advantages of using such an additional insert is that it can provide greater flexibility in manufacturing operations.

[0065] All components should be made of materials that have sufficient flexibility and structural integrity and are chemically inert. Materials should also be selected based on processability, cost, and weight. Common polymers suitable for injection molding, extrusion, or other common molding processes should be particularly suitable for forming the closure fitment / tamper-resistant panel as a single piece (as well as the lid and mesh insert as separate pieces when used). Polymers, metals, alloys, and other composite materials can be used to replace or supplement more traditional container materials, as long as the neck finish 12 is compatible with the size and shape of the gap 27.

[0066] Certain grades of polypropylene and polyethylene are particularly advantageous, especially in view of the absence of any thermoset resins, elastomeric polymer blends, and other chemically different polymers or copolymers (as compared to the other components of the dispensing pump). It is worth noting that compared to low density polyethylene types (e.g., 0.925 to 0.940 g / cm 3 Medium density and / or 0.880 to 0.925 g / cm 3 Compared with high-density polyethylene (i.e., density greater than 0.940 g / cm 3 ) can provide different properties, as can specialized blends or copolymers that can be cross-linked for greater stiffness.

[0067] Nylon is considered useful for the annular insert and may have certain advantages from a molding and manufacturing perspective. Fluorination and / or irradiation provides more freedom in the selection and processing of polymer materials to impart desired qualities.

[0068] The design of the interface and attachment / coupling components should be sufficient to produce a minimum holding force of at least fifteen pounds (whether applied from the top or bottom of the closure lumen). The design should also allow for flame exposure time of more than 30 seconds at a two-inch flame without failure. In these regards, Figures 2A to 9 The embodiment shown can meet these standards while allowing for scaling up or down according to the container neck size. As an example and not limitation, the exemplary container should have a neck size of 28mm to 38mm, although larger and smaller configurations are also possible.

[0069] In view of the above, a system and closure for mitigating flame propagation are contemplated. The system includes a closure having a cylindrical body and a radial flange, the cylindrical body defining an internal tubular cavity with a protective ring and a boss formed therein, the radial flange being located on an exterior face of the body, an outer skirt and an inner plug-type sealing skirt both extending downwardly from the radial flange to define an attachment gap on the underside along the periphery of the radial flange. A mesh element is coupled to the closure to abut the boss, the mesh element including a plurality of crossbars and holes configured to completely span the internal tubular cavity. In addition, the uppermost edge of the internal tubular cavity defines a nozzle, the diameter of the internal tubular cavity through the nozzle defines a nozzle diameter, the diameter of the internal tubular cavity through the protective ring defines a ring diameter, the axial distance from the uppermost edge to the top surface of the protective ring defines a ring axial height, and the axial distance from the uppermost edge to the top surface of the plurality of crossbars and holes defines a mesh axial height. In view of the above, at least one (and possibly all) of the following dimensional ratios apply: i) the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the ring diameter is between 1.00 and 1.20, ii) the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the ring axial height is between 1.50 and 2.50, and iii) the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the mesh axial height is between 1.00 and 1.50. Additional aspects may include any combination or permutation of the following:

[0070] · wherein each of the dimension ratios is satisfied;

[0071] wherein the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the ring diameter is 1.08, the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the axial height of the ring is 2.11, and the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the axial height of the mesh is between 1.02 and 1.26;

[0072] wherein the apertures define a cumulative open surface area and the plurality of crossbars define a cumulative solid surface area, both along a plane coincident with a top surface of the mesh, and wherein the cumulative open surface area is between 10% and 20% of the total surface area of ​​the plane and the solid surface area is between 80% and 90% of the total surface area of ​​the plane;

[0073] wherein the apertures define a cumulative open surface area and the plurality of crossbars define a cumulative solid surface area, both along a plane coincident with a top surface of the mesh, and wherein the cumulative open surface area is between 10% and 20% of the total surface area of ​​the plane and the solid surface area is between 80% and 90% of the total surface area of ​​the plane;

[0074] wherein the cumulative open surface area is between 13% and 17% of the total surface area of ​​the plane and the solid surface area is between 87% and 93% of the total surface area of ​​the plane;

[0075] wherein the mesh element is formed of a mesh of wires directly heat-fused to the bosses;

[0076] wherein the mesh element is formed as an annular insert having engagement features that cooperate with engagement features formed on the interior lumen beneath the protective ring, and wherein the wire mesh is heat fused directly to the annular insert;

[0077] wherein the mesh element is comprised of a molded insert having a peripheral skirt having external engagement features that cooperate with engagement features formed on the internal lumen beneath the protective ring, and wherein the plurality of crossbars and apertures are integrally formed as part of the peripheral skirt;

[0078] wherein the molded insert includes one or more vents disposed within the plurality of crossbars and the apertures, and wherein each vent is surrounded by a shroud extending axially above a top surface of the plurality of crossbars and the apertures;

[0079] wherein one or more retention features are disposed on an interior face of the inner plug seal skirt, the one or more retention features being configured and positioned to retain the molded insert;

[0080] The container has a neck having a curved terminal edge, and wherein the attachment gap is configured to sealingly couple to the curved terminal edge;

[0081] The lid is rotatably secured to the closure body, with cooperating child-resistant features formed on: i) a skirt extending downwardly from a top panel of the lid, and ii) a top surface of the radial flange;

[0082] wherein the cylindrical body includes a removable tamper-resistant panel that seals the interior lumen at, above, or below the protective ring; and

[0083] • wherein the plurality of crossbars are formed from braided metal wires, wherein a first series of parallel wire strands aligned in a first direction intersect with a second series of parallel wire strands such that interstices between the first series of wires and the second series of wires define apertures.

[0084] References to coupling in this disclosure should be understood to include any conventional means used in the art. This can take the form of a snap fit or press fit of the components, although threaded connections, crimps and grooves, and bayonet / slot and flange assemblies can be employed. Adhesives and fasteners can also be used, although such components must be chosen judiciously to maintain the recyclable nature of the assembly.

[0085] In the same way, joining may include a connection or an abutment relationship. These terms and any implicit or explicit reference to connection should be considered in the context in which the terms are used, and any perceived ambiguity may potentially be resolved by reference to the drawings.

[0086] Although the present embodiment has been shown in the drawings and described in the above detailed description, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments and that a variety of rearrangements, modifications and substitutions are contemplated. The exemplary embodiments have been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, but further modifications and variations include the foregoing detailed description. Such modifications and variations also fall within the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for mitigating the propagation of flame through a closure attached to a container neck, the system comprising: A closure having: a cylindrical body defining an interior lumen with a protective ring and a boss formed therein; and a radial flange located on an outer face of the body, the outer skirt and the inner plug seal skirt both extending downwardly from the radial flange to define an attachment gap on a lower side along a periphery of the radial flange; a mesh element coupled to the closure to abut the boss, the mesh element comprising a plurality of crossbars and holes configured to completely span the interior lumen; wherein the uppermost edge of the inner lumen defines a nozzle, the diameter of the inner lumen through the nozzle defines a nozzle diameter, the diameter of the inner lumen through the protective ring defines a ring diameter, the axial distance from the uppermost edge to the top surface of the protective ring defines a ring axial height, and the axial distance from the uppermost edge to the top surface of the plurality of crossbars and holes defines a mesh axial height; and Wherein at least one of the following size ratios applies: i) the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the ring diameter is between 1.00 and 1.20, ii) the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the axial height of the ring is between 1.50 and 2.50, and iii) the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the axial height of the mesh is between 1.00 and 1.

50.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the size ratios is satisfied.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The ratio of the nozzle diameter to the ring diameter is 1.08, the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the axial height of the ring is 2.11, and the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the axial height of the mesh is between 1.02 and 1.

26.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The holes define a cumulative open surface area and the plurality of crossbars define a cumulative solid surface area, both along a plane coinciding with the top surface of the mesh, and wherein the cumulative open surface area is between 10% and 20% of the total surface area of ​​the plane and the solid surface area is between 80% and 90% of the total surface area of ​​the plane.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The holes define a cumulative open surface area and the plurality of crossbars define a cumulative solid surface area, both along a plane coinciding with the top surface of the mesh, and wherein the cumulative open surface area is between 10% and 20% of the total surface area of ​​the plane and the solid surface area is between 80% and 90% of the total surface area of ​​the plane.

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein: The cumulative open surface area is between 13% and 17% of the total surface area of ​​the plane, and the solid surface area is between 87% and 93% of the total surface area of ​​the plane.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The mesh element is composed of a mesh of wire material that is heat-fused directly to the bosses.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The mesh element is formed as an annular insert having engagement features that mate with engagement features formed on the inner lumen beneath the protective ring, and wherein the wire mesh is heat fused directly to the annular insert.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The mesh element is comprised of a molded insert having a peripheral skirt with external engagement features that mate with engagement features formed on the interior lumen beneath the protective ring, and wherein the plurality of crossbars and apertures are integrally formed as part of the peripheral skirt.

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein: The molded insert includes one or more vents disposed within the plurality of crossbars and holes, and wherein each vent is surrounded by a shroud extending axially above a top surface of the plurality of crossbars and holes.

11. The system according to claim 9, wherein: One or more retention features are disposed on an interior face of the inner plug seal skirt, the one or more retention features being configured and positioned to retain the molded insert.

12. The system of claim 1, further comprising a container having a neck with a curved terminal edge, and wherein: The attachment gap is configured to sealingly couple to the curved terminal edge.

13. The system of claim 1 further comprising a cover rotatably secured to the closure body, cooperating child-resistant features formed on: i) a skirt extending downwardly from a top panel of the cover, and ii) a top surface of the radial flange.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein: The cylindrical body includes a removable tamper-resistant panel sealing the interior lumen.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein: The plurality of rails are formed from braided metal wires wherein a first series of parallel wire strands aligned in a first direction intersect a second series of parallel wire strands such that interstices between the first and second series of wires define the apertures.

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