A measurement-while-drilling apparatus and a drilling apparatus having the same

Abstract

The application discloses a measurement-while-drilling device, which is connected between an upper drill collar and a lower drill collar of a drilling device, and comprises a directional sub, a circulation sleeve and a pulse signal generator. A first flow channel is formed in the upper drill collar, a second flow channel is formed in the directional sub, and a third flow channel is formed in the lower drill collar; the first flow channel, the second flow channel and the third flow channel are sequentially communicated. The circulation sleeve is arranged in the second flow channel, and a displacement adjusting channel is formed in the circulation sleeve along the length direction of the second flow channel; a flow limiting ring for circulating drilling fluid is arranged in the displacement adjusting channel. The pulse signal generator comprises a sleeve and a pressure regulating rod assembly movably arranged in the sleeve. The sleeve is partially arranged in the first flow channel, and one end of the sleeve is fixed in the displacement adjusting channel. The end of the pressure regulating rod assembly can extend into the displacement adjusting channel along the length direction of the sleeve. The application realizes the adjustment of the circulating area of the drilling fluid, so that the device can be applied to the working condition with larger displacement of the drilling fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of drilling equipment technology, specifically to a measurement-while-drilling device and drilling equipment having the measurement-while-drilling device. Background Technology

[0002] Measurement while drilling (MWD) is an advanced logging technology in directional drilling. Specifically, it involves lowering the instrument into the well along with the drill string to measure and transmit downhole logging data in real time. This data typically includes wellbore inclination, azimuth, and formation parameters. Conventional MWD uses a pulse generator as the downhole signal transmission device. During operation, it generates regular mud pressure pulse signals, which are transmitted through the wellbore to the wellhead, where specialized equipment collects and decodes the signals.

[0003] Existing measurement-while-drilling (MWD) equipment structures all suffer from the problem of small drilling fluid flow channel area, making them unable to adapt to working conditions with excessive drilling fluid discharge. Drilling fluid flows within the circulation channel composed of the riser, downhole drill pipe, and mud pit. Excessive drilling fluid discharge can lead to excessively high pressure in the riser, greatly increasing the safety risks of drilling operations.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a measurement-while-drilling device suitable for high-displacement drilling fluid conditions is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a measurement-while-drilling device suitable for high-displacement drilling fluid conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a measurement-while-drilling device connected between the upper and lower drill collars of a drilling rig, comprising: a directional sub, a circulation sleeve, and a pulse signal generator;

[0007] The upper drill collar has a first flow channel, the directional sub has a second flow channel, and the lower drill collar has a third flow channel. The first, second, and third flow channels are connected in sequence.

[0008] The circulation sleeve is set inside the second flow channel, and a flow rate adjustment channel is opened inside the second flow channel along its length. A flow-limiting ring is set inside the flow rate adjustment channel, and the inner hole of the flow-limiting ring is used for the flow of drilling fluid.

[0009] The pulse signal generator includes a sleeve and a pressure regulating rod assembly that is movably disposed inside the sleeve; the sleeve is disposed in the first flow channel, and one end of the sleeve is fixed in the displacement regulating channel;

[0010] The end of the pressure regulating rod assembly can extend along the length of the casing into the displacement regulating channel, thereby changing the drilling fluid flow area between the end of the pressure regulating rod assembly and the inner hole of the flow limiting ring to achieve pressure pulse.

[0011] In some embodiments, the displacement adjustment channel is divided into a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity that are connected in sequence; the inner wall of the first cavity is used to fix one end of the casing; the flow-limiting ring is disposed inside the third cavity; the end of the pressure regulating rod assembly can move in the second cavity to adjust the drilling fluid flow area between it and the inner hole of the flow-limiting ring.

[0012] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating rod assembly includes: an electromagnetic control reflux mechanism and a movable valve stem mechanism;

[0013] The end of the movable valve stem mechanism can extend to the outside of the sleeve end, and the interior of the movable valve stem mechanism is connected to the interior of the displacement adjustment channel;

[0014] The electromagnetic control reflux mechanism is positioned far from the second flow channel relative to the movable valve stem mechanism, and the electromagnetic control reflux mechanism can control the drilling fluid in the first flow channel to flow into the interior of the movable valve stem mechanism, thereby balancing the internal pressure of the movable valve stem mechanism.

[0015] In some embodiments, the movable valve stem mechanism includes: a compression spring, a piston cap, a signal valve stem, and a main valve core;

[0016] The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a spring mounting groove. The first end of the compression spring is fixed in the spring mounting groove. The first end of the signal valve stem is connected to the second end of the compression spring through a piston cap. The second end of the signal valve stem extends into the displacement adjustment channel. The main valve core is located at the second end of the signal valve stem.

[0017] The main valve core, signal valve stem, and piston cap are all provided with sequentially connected liquid flow channels; the piston cap is used to seal the gap between the signal valve stem and the sleeve, thereby regulating the pressure difference inside and outside the signal valve stem.

[0018] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic control reflux mechanism includes: an electromagnet, a piston chamber, a valve sleeve, and a sieve cylinder;

[0019] The screen cylinder is fitted outside the valve sleeve, and the circumference of the screen cylinder is provided with screen holes that connect the inside of the valve sleeve and the first flow channel;

[0020] The first end of the valve sleeve is connected to one side of the sleeve where a movable valve stem mechanism is installed, and the piston chamber is opened between the second end of the valve sleeve and the electromagnet.

[0021] The piston chamber is equipped with a valve stem and a piston cylinder. The movable end of the piston cylinder is connected to the valve stem, and the fixed end of the piston cylinder is connected to an electromagnet. The piston cylinder can drive the valve stem to extend into the interior of the valve sleeve from the second end of the valve sleeve to disconnect the connection between the valve sleeve and the sleeve tube. The electromagnet can attract the valve stem to move towards itself.

[0022] In some embodiments, the valve stem is at least partially located inside the valve sleeve, and the piston chamber is filled with hydraulic oil to reduce the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sleeve.

[0023] In some embodiments, the opening of the inner hole of the current limiting ring facing the pulse signal generator is configured as a horn-shaped opening.

[0024] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the first cavity section is provided with a guide shoe thread concave surface along the length direction of the displacement adjustment channel, and the outer peripheral surface of the end of the sleeve is provided with a guide shoe thread convex surface along its own length direction; the guide shoe thread convex surface can cooperate with the guide shoe thread concave surface so that the sleeve is installed into the displacement adjustment channel in the direction toward the lower drill collar.

[0025] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the first cavity is provided with a directional key for mounting a guide sleeve.

[0026] This application also provides a drilling equipment, including a central control system, an upper drill collar and a lower drill collar, and a measurement-while-drilling device for any of the above, wherein the central control system is connected to the measurement-while-drilling device via an electrical connection line disposed inside the upper drill collar.

[0027] Compared to the aforementioned background technology, this application includes a directional sub, a circulation sleeve, and a pulse signal generator. A first flow channel is formed inside the upper drill collar, a second flow channel is formed inside the directional sub, and a third flow channel is formed inside the lower drill collar. The first, second, and third flow channels are sequentially connected. The circulation sleeve is disposed within the second flow channel, and a displacement adjustment channel is formed inside the circulation sleeve along the length of the second flow channel. A flow-limiting ring is disposed inside the displacement adjustment channel, and the inner hole of the flow-limiting ring is used for drilling fluid flow. The pulse signal generator includes a casing and a pressure regulating rod assembly movably disposed inside the casing. The casing portion is disposed within the first flow channel, and one end of the casing is fixed within the displacement adjustment channel. The end of the pressure regulating rod assembly can extend along the length of the casing into the displacement adjustment channel. This application achieves adjustment of the drilling fluid flow area within the displacement adjustment channel, enabling the measurement-while-drilling (MWD) equipment to be applicable to conditions with higher drilling fluid displacement. Simultaneously adjusting the flow area of ​​the drilling fluid can reduce the overall pressure of the drilling equipment, improve the decoding rate of pulse signals, reduce instrument erosion, and improve its structural strength.

[0028] The drilling equipment with the aforementioned measurement-while-drilling device provided in this application has the aforementioned beneficial effects, which will not be elaborated further in this paper. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1This is an assembly diagram of the measurement while drilling equipment provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the recirculating sleeve provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse signal generator provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse signal generator and the circulation sleeve when the signal valve stem is in the depressed state, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse signal generator and the circulation sleeve when the signal valve stem is in the raised state, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] in:

[0036] 1-Upper drill collar, 2-Lower drill collar, 3-Directional sub,

[0037] 4-Circulation sleeve, 41-Flow limiting ring, 42-Guide shoe thread concave surface, 43-Directional key,

[0038] 5-Pulse signal generator; 51-Sleeve; 511-Threaded convex surface of the guide shoe; 52-Compression spring; 53-Piston cap; 54-Signal valve stem; 55-Main valve core; 56-Electromagnet; 57-Valve sleeve; 58-Screw cylinder; 59-Valve stem.

[0039] 6-Piston cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Reference manual attached Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 , attached Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the measurement while drilling equipment provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the recirculating sleeve provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the pulse signal generator provided in an embodiment of this application. It includes a measurement-while-drilling (MWD) device connected between the upper drill collar 1 and the lower drill collar 2 of a drilling rig. The device includes a directional sub 3, a circulation sleeve 4, and a pulse signal generator 5. The upper drill collar 1 has a first flow channel, the directional sub 3 has a second flow channel, and the lower drill collar 2 has a third flow channel. These three flow channels are sequentially connected, meaning the directional sub 3 is connected to both the upper and lower drill collars, transmitting the torque and drilling pressure of the drilling tool. The circulation sleeve 4 is located within the second flow channel, and a flow rate adjustment channel is formed along the length of the second flow channel within the circulation sleeve 4. A flow-limiting ring 41 is provided inside the flow rate adjustment channel, and the inner hole of the flow-limiting ring 41 is used for the flow of drilling fluid. The pulse signal generator 5 includes a casing 51 and a pressure regulating rod assembly movably disposed inside the casing 51. The aforementioned sleeve 51 is partially disposed within the aforementioned first flow channel, and one end of the sleeve 51 is fixed within the displacement adjustment channel. The end of the aforementioned pressure regulating rod assembly can extend along the length of the sleeve 51 into the aforementioned displacement adjustment channel.

[0043] During drilling, the lower drill collar 2 is inserted downwards into the wellbore, followed by the measurement-while-drilling (MSWD) equipment and the upper drill collar 1, which are then sequentially inserted into the bottom of the well. Drilling fluid flows through the first, second, and third flow channels. When the drilling fluid is not flowing, it forms a stable pressure within the flow rate adjustment channel, and the end of the pressure regulating rod assembly remains in a stable position. When the drilling fluid begins to flow at high speed, it generates reverse pressure as it flows through the inner hole of the flow-limiting ring 41, pushing the pressure regulating rod assembly upwards. This increases the drilling fluid flow area between the pressure regulating rod assembly and the flow-limiting ring 41, reducing the pressure within the entire connecting channel. When a pulse signal is needed, the end of the pressure regulating rod assembly is moved towards the flow-limiting ring 41, compressing the drilling fluid flow area between them, increasing the pressure within the flow channel, and generating a positive pressure pulse to achieve MSW.

[0044] This application creates a structure for regulating the internal pressure of the drill pipe flow channel by setting a displacement adjustment channel. Within this channel, the drilling fluid flow area is adjusted, allowing the measurement-while-drilling (MWD) equipment to be suitable for conditions with higher drilling fluid displacements. In practical use, the upper and lower limits of the drilling fluid flow area between the flow-limiting ring 41 and the pressure regulating rod assembly can be controlled by changing their inner diameter. This allows for adjustment of the MWD equipment's dimensions based on parameters such as the actual drilling fluid displacement, making it adaptable to conditions with larger drilling fluid displacements. Simultaneously, increasing the drilling fluid flow area reduces the overall pressure of the drilling equipment, improves the pulse signal decoding rate, reduces instrument erosion, and enhances its structural strength.

[0045] Furthermore, the aforementioned displacement adjustment channel is internally divided into a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber connected in sequence. The inner wall of the first chamber is used to fix one end of the casing 51, and the outer periphery of the end of the casing 51 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first chamber without affecting the movement of the pressure regulating rod assembly inside the casing 51. The aforementioned flow-limiting ring 41 is disposed inside the aforementioned third chamber, and the end of the aforementioned pressure regulating rod assembly can move within the second chamber to adjust the internal drilling fluid flow area.

[0046] Furthermore, the aforementioned pressure regulating rod assembly includes an electromagnetic control reflux mechanism and a movable valve stem mechanism. The end of the movable valve stem mechanism extends to the outside of the casing 51 end, and the interior of the movable valve stem mechanism communicates with the interior of the displacement regulating channel. The electromagnetic control reflux mechanism is positioned away from the second flow channel relative to the movable valve stem mechanism. When drilling fluid rapidly flows from the second flow channel through the inner hole of the flow-limiting ring 41 into the movable valve stem mechanism, the movable valve stem mechanism is pushed towards the first flow channel by the pressure differential. However, when an electromagnetic pulse signal is required, the operator can control the drilling fluid in the first flow channel to flow into the interior of the movable valve stem mechanism through the electromagnetic control reflux mechanism, thereby balancing the internal pressure of the movable valve stem mechanism. After pressure balance, the movable valve stem mechanism will move away from the first flow channel to return to its original position. This reset process will generate a positive pressure pulse between the end of the movable valve stem mechanism and the flow-limiting ring 41.

[0047] Further, refer to the attached instruction manual. Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse signal generator and the circulation sleeve when the signal valve stem is in the depressed state, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse signal generator and the circulation sleeve when the signal valve stem is in the raised state according to an embodiment of this application. The movable valve stem mechanism includes: a compression spring 52, a piston cap 53, a signal valve stem 54, and a main valve core 55. A spring mounting groove is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 51. The first end of the compression spring 52 is fixed in the spring mounting groove. The first end of the signal valve stem 54 is connected to the second end of the compression spring 52 through the piston cap 53. The second end of the signal valve stem 54 extends into the displacement adjustment channel. The main valve core 55 is located at the second end of the signal valve stem 54. The compression spring 52 is arranged along the length of the sleeve 51. The piston cap 53 slides and seals with the sleeve 51. During operation, the piston cap 53 moves together with the signal valve stem 54.

[0049] The main valve core 55, signal valve stem 54, and piston cap 53 are all provided with sequentially connected liquid flow channels. Under normal conditions when the drilling fluid is not flowing, the spring force of the compression spring 52 will keep the position of the signal valve stem 54 unchanged. However, since the piston cap 53 is used to seal the gap between the signal valve stem 54 and the casing 51, when the high-speed flowing drilling fluid flows from the second flow channel through the flow limiting ring 41 to the third flow channel, a pressure difference will be generated inside and outside the signal valve stem 54. The drilling fluid will generate a reverse pushing force at the main valve core 55, causing the main valve core 55 to lift up.

[0050] Furthermore, the aforementioned electromagnetic control reflux mechanism includes: an electromagnet 56, a piston chamber, a valve sleeve 57, and a sieve cylinder 58. The sieve cylinder 58 is sleeved outside the valve sleeve 57, and the sieve cylinder 58 has sieve holes on its circumference, which can connect the interior of the valve sleeve 57 with the interior of the first flow channel.

[0051] The first end of the valve sleeve 57 is connected to one side of the casing 51 where a movable valve stem mechanism is located. A piston chamber is located between the second end of the valve sleeve 57 and the electromagnet 56. A valve stem 59 and a piston cylinder 6 are located within the piston chamber. The movable end of the piston cylinder 6 is connected to the valve stem 59, and the fixed end of the piston cylinder 6 is connected to the electromagnet 56. The piston cylinder 6 can drive the valve stem 59 to extend from the second end of the valve sleeve 57 into its interior, filling the space inside the valve sleeve 57, sealing the screen holes, and disconnecting the connection between the valve sleeve 57 and the casing 51. The electromagnet 56 can attract the valve stem 59, causing it to move towards itself, thus removing the valve stem 59 used to seal the screen holes and allowing drilling fluid to flow back into the valve sleeve 57 and the movable valve stem mechanism.

[0052] Furthermore, the valve stem 59 is at least partially located inside the valve sleeve 57, and the piston chamber is filled with hydraulic oil to reduce the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sleeve 51. The hydraulic oil is at the same pressure as the external annular mud, which on the one hand protects the internal structure of the pulser from damage by the high pressure of the mud, and on the other hand greatly reduces the force required for the electromagnet 56 to pull the valve stem 59.

[0053] Furthermore, the opening of the inner hole of the aforementioned flow-limiting ring 41 facing the pulse signal generator 5 is configured as a flared opening, which is intended to allow the mud to pass through smoothly and avoid erosion.

[0054] Furthermore, the inner wall of the first cavity section is provided with a guide shoe thread concave surface 42 along the length direction of the displacement adjustment channel, while the outer peripheral surface of the end of the sleeve 51 is provided with a guide shoe thread convex surface 511, which is provided along the length direction of the sleeve 51. The sleeve 51 can be inserted into the displacement adjustment channel in the direction toward the lower drill collar 2, and installed by the cooperation of the guide shoe thread convex surface 511 and the guide shoe thread concave surface 42.

[0055] Furthermore, the inner wall of the first cavity section is provided with a directional key 43 for installing the guide sleeve 51. In actual use, the guide sleeve 51 can be guided by the directional key 43 to "sit" into the circulation sleeve 4 by gravity, so that the concave surface 42 of the guide shoe thread and the convex surface 511 of the guide shoe thread are completely in contact, realizing the instrument seat key installation.

[0056] This application also provides a drilling equipment, including a central control system, an upper drill collar 1, a lower drill collar, and the measurement-while-drilling (MWD) equipment described in the above specific embodiments; the central control system is connected to the MWD equipment via an electrical connection line disposed inside the upper drill collar 1. The setup and usage of the drilling equipment can be found in the prior art, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0057] The above provides a detailed description of the measurement-while-drilling (MWD) equipment and drilling equipment equipped with the present application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A measurement-while-drilling device connected between an upper drill collar (1) and a lower drill collar (2) of a drilling device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of drilling fluid pressure pulse generator, including: Directional sub (3), circulating sleeve (4) and pulse signal generator (5); The first flow channel is opened in the upper drill collar (1), the second flow channel is opened in the directional sub (3), and the third flow channel is opened in the lower drill collar (2). The first flow channel, the second flow channel and the third flow channel are sequentially communicated. The circulating sleeve (4) is arranged in the second flow channel, and a displacement adjustment channel is opened in the length direction of the second flow channel inside. A flow-limiting ring (41) is arranged inside the displacement adjustment channel. The inner hole of the flow-limiting ring (41) is used for circulating drilling fluid. The pulse signal generator (5) includes a sleeve (51) and a pressure regulating rod assembly movably arranged inside the sleeve (51). The sleeve (51) is partially arranged in the first flow channel, and one end of the sleeve (51) is fixed in the displacement adjustment channel. The end of the pressure regulating rod assembly can extend to the displacement adjustment channel along the length direction of the sleeve (51), so as to change the drilling fluid flow area between the end of the pressure regulating rod assembly and the inner hole of the flow-limiting ring (41) to realize pressure pulse. The displacement adjustment channel is divided into a first cavity section, a second cavity section and a third cavity section which are sequentially communicated. The inner wall of the first cavity section is used to fixedly connect one end of the sleeve (51). The flow-limiting ring (41) is arranged inside the third cavity section. The end of the pressure regulating rod assembly can move in the second cavity section, so as to adjust the drilling fluid flow area between the end of the pressure regulating rod assembly and the inner hole of the flow-limiting ring (41). The pressure regulating rod assembly includes an electromagnetic control backflow mechanism and a movable valve rod mechanism. The end of the movable valve rod mechanism can extend to the outside of the end of the sleeve (51), and the inside of the movable valve rod mechanism is communicated with the inside of the displacement adjustment channel. The electromagnetic control backflow mechanism is arranged away from the second flow channel relative to the movable valve rod mechanism, and the electromagnetic control backflow mechanism can control the drilling fluid in the first flow channel to flow into the inside of the movable valve rod mechanism, so as to balance the pressure in the inside of the movable valve rod mechanism.

2. The measurement-while-drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The movable valve rod mechanism includes a compression spring (52), a piston cap (53), a signal valve rod (54) and a main valve core (55). A spring mounting groove is opened in the inner wall of the sleeve (51). The first end of the compression spring (52) is fixed in the spring mounting groove. The first end of the signal valve rod (54) is connected to the second end of the compression spring (52) through the piston cap (53). The second end of the signal valve rod (54) extends to the inside of the displacement adjustment channel. The main valve core (55) is arranged at the second end of the signal valve rod (54). The main valve core (55), the signal valve rod (54) and the piston cap (53) are all provided with liquid flow channels which are sequentially communicated. The piston cap (53) is used to seal the gap between the signal valve rod (54) and the sleeve (51), so as to adjust the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the signal valve rod (54).

3. The measurement-while-drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The electromagnetic control backflow mechanism includes an electromagnet (56), a piston cavity, a valve sleeve (57) and a screen cylinder (58). The screen cylinder (58) is sleeved outside the valve sleeve (57), and the screen cylinder (58) is provided with screen holes on the peripheral surface, which are communicated with the inside of the valve sleeve (57) and the first flow channel; The first end of the valve sleeve (57) is communicated with one side of the inside of the sleeve (51) where the movable valve rod mechanism is arranged, and the piston cavity is arranged between the second end of the valve sleeve (57) and the electromagnet (56); The valve rod (59) and the piston cylinder (6) are arranged in the piston cavity, the movable end of the piston cylinder (6) is connected with the valve rod (59), the fixed end of the piston cylinder (6) is connected with the electromagnet (56), the piston cylinder (6) can drive the valve rod (59) to extend into the inside of the valve sleeve (57) from the second end of the valve sleeve (57) to disconnect the communication between the valve sleeve (57) and the sleeve (51), and the electromagnet (56) can attract the valve rod (59) to move towards itself.

4. The measurement-while-drilling apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The valve rod (59) is at least partially located in the inside of the valve sleeve (57), and the inside of the piston cavity is filled with hydraulic oil to reduce the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sleeve (51).

5. The measurement-while-drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The opening of the inner hole of the flow limiting ring (41) facing the pulse signal generator (5) is provided as a horn mouth.

6. The measurement-while-drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The inner wall of the first cavity section is provided with a guide shoe thread concave surface (42) along the length direction of the displacement adjustment channel, and the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the sleeve (51) is provided with a guide shoe thread convex surface (511) along the length direction of the sleeve (51); the guide shoe thread convex surface (511) can be matched with the guide shoe thread concave surface (42) to enable the sleeve (51) to be mounted into the displacement adjustment channel in the direction towards the lower drill collar (2).

7. The measurement-while-drilling apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The inner wall of the first cavity section is provided with a directional key (43) for guiding the installation of the sleeve (51).

8. A drilling rig comprising a master control system, the upper drill collar (1) and the lower drill collar (2), characterized in that, The MWD device comprises the MWD device of any one of claims 1-7, and the total control system is connected with the MWD device through an electrical connection line arranged in the inside of the upper drill collar (1).

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