Picosecond laser assisted electron beam composite additive machining system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of printing processing, and discloses a picosecond laser assisted electron beam composite additive processing system and method.The system comprises a vacuum chamber, a processing platform is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and a powder bin communicated with the vacuum chamber is arranged on the outer side of the vacuum chamber; the powder bin is used for conveying metal powder to the machining platform in the vacuum chamber. The electron beam additive machining unit is used for generating electron beams, and the electron beams are emitted into the machining platform along a preset light path so as to conduct melting machining on the metal powder in the multiple printing areas on the machining platform; and the picosecond laser processing unit is used for generating a picosecond-level pulse laser beam, and after the electron beam additive processing unit performs melting processing on any printing area, the picosecond-level pulse laser beam is emitted into the printing area so as to reinforce the printing area. The defects that traditional electron beam additive manufacturing parts have many internal defects and are large in thermal stress are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of printing processing, and specifically relates to a picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system and method. Background Art

[0002] Electron beam additive manufacturing is an additive manufacturing process that uses a high-energy electron beam as a heat source to melt metal powder to form a molten pool, control the molten pool to flow along a planned route, and then manufacture parts layer by layer. It has the characteristics of fast forming speed, high material utilization, no reflection, and high energy conversion rate, and is widely used in the aerospace field. However, in the process of electron beam forming a molten pool on the metal surface, it is inevitable to introduce thermal stress into the part, seriously affecting the processing quality of the part. In addition, the pores and unfused holes defects generated by electron beam additive manufacturing inside the part will cause stress concentration, which may cause the part to easily crack during service and cause fracture failure. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system and method to solve the problem that the defects of pores and unfused holes generated by electron beam additive inside the parts will cause stress concentration, which may cause the parts to easily produce cracks during service and then cause fracture failure.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system, the system comprising: A vacuum chamber, wherein a processing platform is provided in the vacuum chamber, and a powder bin in communication with the vacuum chamber is provided outside the vacuum chamber, wherein the powder bin is used to transport metal powder to the processing platform in the vacuum chamber; An electron beam additive processing unit, used for generating an electron beam, wherein the electron beam is injected onto a processing platform along a preset optical path to melt metal powder in a plurality of printing areas on the processing platform; The picosecond laser processing unit is used to generate a picosecond pulse laser beam. After the electron beam additive processing unit completes the melting process on any printing area, the picosecond pulse laser beam is injected into the printing area to strengthen the printing area.

[0005] Preferably, the electron beam additive processing unit comprises: an electron gun and an electron beam optical path disposed in a vacuum chamber, and a first controller disposed outside the vacuum chamber, the electron beam optical path is connected to the output end of the electron gun, and the controlled end of the electron gun is electrically connected to the control output end of the first controller.

[0006] Preferably, the picosecond laser processing unit comprises: a picosecond laser, a laser optical path, a laser galvanometer and a laser field mirror deployed in a vacuum chamber, and a second controller deployed outside the vacuum chamber; The controlled end of the picosecond laser is electrically connected to the control output end of the second controller, and the picosecond laser is used to output a laser beam of picosecond-level pulses; The laser optical path is used to guide the picosecond pulse laser beam output by the picosecond laser to the laser galvanometer; The laser galvanometer is used to adjust the position of the picosecond pulse laser beam; The laser field mirror is used to focus the position-adjusted picosecond pulse laser beam into the printing area after the melting process.

[0007] Preferably, before the powder bin conveys the metal powder to the processing platform in the vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber is filled with a protective gas.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system, and the method includes: Filling the vacuum chamber with protective gas, and heating the processing platform until the temperature of the processing platform reaches a preset temperature; The metal powder is transported to the processing platform in the vacuum chamber by using the powder bin until the thickness of the metal powder on the processing platform reaches a preset thickness; An electron beam is outputted by an electron beam additive processing unit, and the electron beam is injected onto a processing platform along a preset optical path to melt metal powder in a plurality of printing areas on the processing platform and form a molten pool, and the molten pool flows along a preset route, and after the molten pools in the plurality of printing areas solidify, a component surface is formed; After the molten pool solidifies, a picosecond laser processing unit is used to output a picosecond pulse laser beam with set laser parameters, and the picosecond pulse laser beam is controlled to move along the moving direction of the electron beam to strengthen the surface of the component to obtain a strengthened component layer; The powder bin is used to transport metal powder to the processing platform in the vacuum chamber repeatedly until the thickness of the metal powder on the processing platform reaches a preset thickness; the electron beam additive processing unit is used to output an electron beam, and the electron beam is injected onto the processing platform along a preset optical path to melt the metal powder in multiple printing areas on the processing platform and form a molten pool, and the molten pool flows along a preset route, and after the molten pools in the multiple printing areas are solidified, the surface of the component is formed; after the molten pool is solidified, the picosecond laser processing unit is used to output a picosecond pulse laser beam with set laser parameters, and the picosecond pulse laser beam is controlled to move along the moving direction of the electron beam to strengthen the surface of the component until a complete component is printed.

[0009] Preferably, when melting the metal powder in the plurality of printing areas on the processing platform to form a molten pool, the method further comprises: Collect the flow image of the molten pool, identify the flow image of the molten pool, and obtain the real-time flow route; It is determined whether the real-time flow route deviates from the preset route. If so, the electron beam additive processing unit is stopped from outputting the electron beam.

[0010] Preferably, when strengthening the surface of a component, the method further comprises: Collect and identify enhanced images to obtain real-time enhanced routes and laser focus positions; Determine whether the real-time strengthening route deviates from the preset strengthening route, and whether the laser focus position is on the surface of the component; If the real-time strengthening route deviates from the preset strengthening route or the laser focus position is not on the surface of the component, the picosecond laser processing unit stops outputting the picosecond pulse laser beam.

[0011] Preferably, the method further comprises: performing post-processing on the printed complete parts, wherein the post-processing comprises: grinding, cleaning and drying.

[0012] Preferably, the printed complete parts are post-processed, including: Use sandpaper to polish the printed complete parts to obtain polished complete parts; Using a cleaning medium to ultrasonically clean the polished complete parts to obtain cleaned complete parts; Dry the cleaned complete parts.

[0013] Preferably, the cleaning medium is an anhydrous ethanol solution, and the particle size of the sandpaper is 2000 mesh to 4000 mesh.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The present invention utilizes the mechanical effect of picosecond laser shock waves to introduce residual compressive stress, which can efficiently and quickly realize in-situ electron beam additive manufacturing of metal parts surface cross-section organization regulation, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional electron beam additive manufacturing parts such as many internal defects and high thermal stress, and can effectively avoid the problem of parts being easily cracked during service and then causing fracture failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1It is an overall framework diagram of a picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing method provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Description of reference numerals: 1. First controller; 2. Electron gun; 3. Electron beam optical path; 4. Vacuum chamber; 5. Powder bin; 6. Processing platform; 7. Second controller; 8. Picosecond laser; 9. Laser optical path; 10. Laser galvanometer; 11. Laser field mirror. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in combination with the drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0018] Embodiment 1 Figure 1 FIG. 1 is an overall framework diagram of a picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a picosecond laser assisted electron beam composite additive processing system, the system comprising: a vacuum chamber 4, an electron beam additive processing unit and a picosecond laser processing unit; Among them, a processing platform 6 is provided in the vacuum chamber 4, and a powder bin 5 connected to the vacuum chamber 4 is provided on the outside of the vacuum chamber 4. The powder bin 5 is used to transport metal powder to the processing platform 6 in the vacuum chamber 4. Metal powder is stored in the powder bin 5. The metal powder in the powder bin 5 is transported to the surface of the processing platform 6 in the vacuum chamber 4 through a powder conveying component. The powder conveying component adopts a powder conveying structure commonly used in the field, so this structure is not described in detail in this embodiment; before the powder bin 5 transports metal powder to the processing platform 6 in the vacuum chamber 4, a protective gas is first filled into the vacuum chamber 4 so that the vacuum chamber 4 is filled with protective gas. The protective gas can be argon; at the same time, the processing platform 6 is preheated so that the temperature of the processing platform 6 reaches a preset temperature; then the metal powder is started to be transported to the processing platform 6.

[0019] The electron beam additive processing unit is used to generate an electron beam, and the electron beam is injected onto the processing platform 6 along a preset optical path to melt the metal powder in multiple printing areas on the processing platform 6.

[0020] Among them, the picosecond laser processing unit is used to generate a picosecond pulse laser beam. After the electron beam additive processing unit completes the melting process on any printing area, the picosecond pulse laser beam is injected into the printing area to strengthen the printing area.

[0021] The present invention utilizes the mechanical effect of picosecond laser shock waves to introduce residual compressive stress, which can efficiently and quickly realize in-situ electron beam additive manufacturing of metal parts surface cross-section organization regulation, overcomes the shortcomings of traditional electron beam additive manufacturing parts such as many internal defects and large thermal stress, and can effectively avoid the problem that parts are very likely to produce cracks during service, thereby causing fracture and failure, providing a new technical solution for electron beam additive manufacturing.

[0022] As a further optimization of this embodiment, the electron beam additive processing unit includes: an electron gun 2 and an electron beam optical path 3 deployed in a vacuum chamber 4, and a first controller 1 deployed outside the vacuum chamber 4, the electron beam optical path 3 is connected to the output end of the electron gun 2, and the controlled end of the electron gun 2 is electrically connected to the control output end of the first controller 1.

[0023] In this embodiment, the first controller 1 can control the parameters of the electron gun 2, such as: electron beam power, scanning speed, scanning spacing, scanning path, etc. After the electron beam emitted by the electron gun 2 reaches the printing area of ​​the processing platform 6, it can melt the metal powder on the processing platform 6. The melted metal powder forms a molten pool, and the molten pool moves along the planned path.

[0024] As a further optimization of this embodiment, the picosecond laser processing unit includes: a picosecond laser 8, a laser optical path 9, a laser galvanometer 10 and a laser field mirror 11 deployed in the vacuum chamber 4, and a second controller 7 deployed outside the vacuum chamber 4; The controlled end of the picosecond laser 8 is electrically connected to the control output end of the second controller 7, and the picosecond laser 8 is used to output a picosecond-level pulsed laser beam; The laser optical path 9 is used to guide the picosecond pulse laser beam output by the picosecond laser 8 to the laser galvanometer 10; The laser galvanometer 10 is used to adjust the position of the picosecond pulse laser beam; The laser field lens 11 is used to focus the position-adjusted picosecond pulse laser beam into the printing area after the melting process.

[0025] In this embodiment, the second controller 7 can adjust the laser parameters of the picosecond pulse laser beam output by the picosecond laser 8, such as power density, spot diameter, spot interval, and repetition frequency; after the molten pool formed in the printing area solidifies, the second controller 7 is used to control the picosecond laser 8 to output the corresponding picosecond pulse laser beam according to the set laser parameters, and the picosecond pulse laser beam reaches the laser galvanometer 10, and the laser galvanometer 10 controls the laser beam to adjust the laser beam position, so that the laser beam moves along the moving direction of the electron beam, so as to strengthen the parts. Among them, the laser field mirror 11 mainly focuses the laser beam on the surface of the electron beam printed parts.

[0026] The present invention utilizes a picosecond pulse laser beam to strengthen the solidified molten pool, thereby achieving the function of introducing compressive stress into the processed surface and removing defects.

[0027] Embodiment 2 Figure 2 is a flow chart of a picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a picosecond laser assisted electron beam composite additive processing method, which is implemented based on the picosecond laser assisted electron beam composite additive processing system of embodiment 1, and the method includes: Step S10: Filling the vacuum chamber 4 with protective gas, and heating the processing platform 6 at the same time until the temperature of the processing platform 6 reaches a preset temperature.

[0028] In this embodiment, a protective gas is first charged into the vacuum chamber 4 so that the vacuum chamber 4 is filled with the protective gas, which may be argon gas; at the same time, the processing platform 6 is preheated so that the temperature of the processing platform 6 reaches a preset temperature; and then step S20 is executed.

[0029] Step S20: using the powder bin 5 to transport metal powder to the processing platform 6 in the vacuum chamber 4 until the thickness of the metal powder on the processing platform 6 reaches a preset thickness.

[0030] In this embodiment, a processing platform 6 is provided in the vacuum chamber 4, and a powder bin 5 connected to the vacuum chamber 4 is provided on the outside of the vacuum chamber 4. The powder bin 5 is used to transport metal powder to the processing platform 6 in the vacuum chamber 4. The powder bin 5 stores metal powder, and the metal powder in the powder bin 5 is transported to the surface of the processing platform 6 in the vacuum chamber 4 through a powder conveying assembly. The powder conveying assembly adopts a powder conveying structure commonly used in the field, so the structure is not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0031] Step S30: Utilize the electron beam additive processing unit to output an electron beam, which is emitted onto the processing platform 6 along a preset optical path to melt the metal powder in the multiple printing areas on the processing platform 6 and form a molten pool. The molten pool flows along a preset route, and after the molten pools in the multiple printing areas solidify, a component surface is formed.

[0032] In this embodiment, the electron beam additive processing unit includes: an electron gun 2 and an electron beam optical path 3 deployed in a vacuum chamber 4, and a first controller 1 deployed outside the vacuum chamber 4, the electron beam optical path 3 is connected to the output end of the electron gun 2, and the controlled end of the electron gun 2 is electrically connected to the control output end of the first controller 1.

[0033] The first controller 1 can control the parameters of the electron gun 2, such as electron beam power, scanning speed, scanning spacing, scanning path, etc. After the electron beam emitted by the electron gun 2 reaches the printing area of ​​the processing platform 6, it can melt the metal powder on the processing platform 6. The melted metal powder forms a molten pool, and the molten pool moves along the planned path.

[0034] As a further optimization of this embodiment, when the metal powder in the multiple printing areas on the processing platform 6 is melted to form a molten pool, the method further includes: Collect the flow image of the molten pool, identify the flow image of the molten pool, and obtain the real-time flow route; It is determined whether the real-time flow route deviates from the preset route. If so, the electron beam additive processing unit is stopped from outputting the electron beam.

[0035] In this embodiment, a camera can be used to capture the flow image of the molten pool, and a convolutional neural network algorithm can be used to identify the captured flow image of the molten pool, so that the real-time flow route can be identified. If the real-time flow route deviates from the designed preset route, printing should be terminated in time, and the first controller 1 should be adjusted to correct the printing; if the real-time flow route is consistent with the designed preset route, printing should continue at this time.

[0036] Step S40: After the molten pool solidifies, a picosecond laser processing unit is used to output a picosecond pulse laser beam with set laser parameters, and the picosecond pulse laser beam is controlled to move along the moving direction of the electron beam to strengthen the surface of the component to obtain a strengthened component layer.

[0037] In this embodiment, the picosecond laser processing unit includes: a picosecond laser 8, a laser optical path 9, a laser galvanometer 10 and a laser field mirror 11 deployed in a vacuum chamber 4, and a second controller 7 deployed outside the vacuum chamber 4; The controlled end of the picosecond laser 8 is electrically connected to the control output end of the second controller 7, and the picosecond laser 8 is used to output a picosecond-level pulsed laser beam; The laser optical path 9 is used to guide the picosecond pulse laser beam output by the picosecond laser 8 to the laser galvanometer 10; The laser galvanometer 10 is used to adjust the position of the picosecond pulse laser beam; The laser field lens 11 is used to focus the position-adjusted picosecond pulse laser beam into the printing area after the melting process.

[0038] In this embodiment, the second controller 7 can adjust the laser parameters of the picosecond pulse laser beam output by the picosecond laser 8, such as power density, spot diameter, spot interval, and repetition frequency; after the molten pool formed in the printing area solidifies, the second controller 7 is used to control the picosecond laser 8 to output the corresponding picosecond pulse laser beam according to the set laser parameters, and the picosecond pulse laser beam reaches the laser galvanometer 10. The laser galvanometer 10 controls the laser beam to adjust the position of the laser beam so that the laser beam moves along the moving direction of the electron beam to strengthen the components.

[0039] This embodiment utilizes a picosecond pulsed laser beam to strengthen the solidified molten pool, thereby achieving the function of introducing compressive stress to the processed surface and removing defects.

[0040] As a further optimization of this embodiment, when strengthening the surface of a component, the method further includes: Collect and identify enhanced images to obtain real-time enhanced routes and laser focus positions; Determine whether the real-time strengthening route deviates from the preset strengthening route, and whether the laser focus position is on the surface of the component; If the real-time strengthening route deviates from the preset strengthening route or the laser focus position is not on the surface of the component, the picosecond laser processing unit stops outputting the picosecond pulse laser beam.

[0041] In this embodiment, a camera is also used to capture enhanced images, and the captured enhanced images are recognized using a convolutional neural network algorithm to identify the real-time enhancement route and the laser focus position. When the real-time enhancement route deviates from the preset enhancement route or the laser focus is not on the surface of the part, the enhancement should be terminated in time, and the second controller 7 should be adjusted to correct the picosecond pulse laser beam.

[0042] Step S50: Repeat steps S20 to S40, i.e., repeatedly use the powder bin 5 to transport metal powder to the processing platform 6 in the vacuum chamber 4 until the thickness of the metal powder on the processing platform 6 reaches a preset thickness; use the electron beam additive processing unit to output an electron beam, and the electron beam is injected onto the processing platform 6 along a preset optical path to melt the metal powder in multiple printing areas on the processing platform 6 and form a molten pool, and the molten pool flows along a preset route, and after the molten pools in the multiple printing areas solidify, the surface of the component is formed; after the molten pool solidifies, use the picosecond laser processing unit to output a picosecond pulse laser beam with set laser parameters, and control the picosecond pulse laser beam to move along the moving direction of the electron beam to strengthen the surface of the component until the complete component is printed.

[0043] As a further optimization of this embodiment, after printing out the complete parts, the method further includes: performing post-processing on the printed complete parts, and the post-processing includes: grinding, cleaning and drying.

[0044] Specifically, the printed complete parts are post-processed, including: Step a10: polishing the printed complete parts with sandpaper to obtain polished complete parts; In this embodiment, the particle size of the sandpaper is 2000-4000 mesh, and preferably 3000 mesh sandpaper is used for grinding to remove surface burrs.

[0045] Step a20: using a cleaning medium to ultrasonically clean the polished complete component to obtain a cleaned complete component; In this embodiment, an ultrasonic cleaning machine is used for cleaning. A cleaning medium is placed in the ultrasonic cleaning machine, and then the complete polished parts are placed in the ultrasonic cleaning machine. The ultrasonic cleaning machine is started to perform ultrasonic cleaning on the complete polished parts. The cleaning medium of this embodiment preferably uses an anhydrous ethanol solution.

[0046] Step a30: Drying the cleaned complete parts.

[0047] In this embodiment, a hair dryer is used to dry the cleaned complete parts, and the drying time is 5 minutes.

[0048] The invention uses the mechanical effect of picosecond laser shock waves to introduce residual compressive stress, which can efficiently and quickly realize in-situ control of the surface and cross-section structure of metal parts manufactured by electron beam additive manufacturing. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional electron beam additive manufacturing parts such as many internal defects and high thermal stress, and can effectively avoid the problem of parts easily generating cracks and then breaking and failing during service.

[0049] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0050] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system, characterized in that: The system comprises: A vacuum chamber (4), wherein a processing platform (6) is provided in the vacuum chamber (4), and a powder bin (5) in communication with the vacuum chamber (4) is provided outside the vacuum chamber (4), wherein the powder bin (5) is used to transport metal powder to the processing platform (6) in the vacuum chamber (4); An electron beam additive processing unit, used for generating an electron beam, wherein the electron beam is injected onto a processing platform (6) along a preset optical path, so as to perform a melting process on metal powder in a plurality of printing areas on the processing platform (6); The picosecond laser processing unit is used to generate a picosecond pulse laser beam. After the electron beam additive processing unit completes the melting process on any printing area, the picosecond pulse laser beam is injected into the printing area to strengthen the printing area.

2. The picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electron beam additive processing unit comprises: an electron gun (2) and an electron beam optical path (3) disposed in a vacuum chamber (4), and a first controller (1) disposed outside the vacuum chamber (4), the electron beam optical path (3) being connected to the output end of the electron gun (2), and the controlled end of the electron gun (2) being electrically connected to the control output end of the first controller (1).

3. The picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The picosecond laser processing unit comprises: a picosecond laser (8), a laser optical path (9), a laser galvanometer (10) and a laser field mirror (11) disposed in a vacuum chamber (4), and a second controller (7) disposed outside the vacuum chamber (4); The controlled end of the picosecond laser (8) is electrically connected to the control output end of the second controller (7), and the picosecond laser (8) is used to output a picosecond pulse laser beam; The laser optical path (9) is used to guide the picosecond pulse laser beam output by the picosecond laser (8) to the laser galvanometer (10); The laser galvanometer (10) is used to adjust the position of a picosecond pulse laser beam; The laser field mirror (11) is used to focus the position-adjusted picosecond pulse laser beam into the printing area after the melting process.

4. The picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the powder bin (5) transports the metal powder to the processing platform (6) in the vacuum chamber (4), the vacuum chamber (4) is filled with a protective gas.

5. A picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing method, the method is implemented based on the picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises: Filling the vacuum chamber (4) with protective gas, and heating the processing platform (6) at the same time, until the temperature of the processing platform (6) reaches a preset temperature; Using the powder bin (5) to transport metal powder onto the processing platform (6) in the vacuum chamber (4) until the thickness of the metal powder on the processing platform (6) reaches a preset thickness; An electron beam is outputted by an electron beam additive processing unit, and the electron beam is injected onto a processing platform (6) along a preset optical path to melt metal powder in a plurality of printing areas on the processing platform (6) and form a molten pool, wherein the molten pool flows along a preset route, and after the molten pools in the plurality of printing areas solidify, a component surface is formed; After the molten pool solidifies, a picosecond laser processing unit is used to output a picosecond pulse laser beam with set laser parameters, and the picosecond pulse laser beam is controlled to move along the moving direction of the electron beam to strengthen the surface of the component to obtain a strengthened component layer; The powder bin (5) is used to transport metal powder to a processing platform (6) in a vacuum chamber (4) repeatedly until the thickness of the metal powder on the processing platform (6) reaches a preset thickness; an electron beam is output by an electron beam additive processing unit, and the electron beam is injected into the processing platform (6) along a preset optical path to melt the metal powder in multiple printing areas on the processing platform (6) and form a molten pool, the molten pool flows along a preset route, and after the molten pools in the multiple printing areas solidify, a component surface is formed; after the molten pool solidifies, a picosecond laser processing unit is used to output a picosecond pulse laser beam with set laser parameters, and the picosecond pulse laser beam is controlled to move along the moving direction of the electron beam to strengthen the component surface until a complete component is printed.

6. The picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: When melting the metal powder in the plurality of printing areas on the processing platform (6) to form a molten pool, the method further comprises: Collect the flow image of the molten pool, identify the flow image of the molten pool, and obtain the real-time flow route; It is determined whether the real-time flow route deviates from the preset route. If so, the electron beam additive processing unit is stopped from outputting the electron beam.

7. The picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: When strengthening the surface of the component, the method further comprises: Collect enhanced images, identify enhanced images, and obtain real-time enhanced routes and laser focus positions; Determine whether the real-time strengthening route deviates from the preset strengthening route, and whether the laser focus position is on the surface of the component; If the real-time strengthening route deviates from the preset strengthening route or the laser focus position is not on the surface of the component, the picosecond laser processing unit stops outputting the picosecond pulse laser beam.

8. The picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises: performing post-processing on the printed complete parts, wherein the post-processing comprises: grinding, cleaning and drying.

9. The picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Post-processing of the printed complete parts, including: Use sandpaper to polish the printed complete parts to obtain polished complete parts; Using a cleaning medium to ultrasonically clean the polished complete parts to obtain cleaned complete parts; Dry the cleaned complete parts.

10. The picosecond laser-assisted electron beam composite additive processing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cleaning medium is an anhydrous ethanol solution, and the particle size of the sandpaper is 2000 mesh to 4000 mesh.

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