Milling clamp capable of achieving machining in different directions by means of rotation of machine tool

Abstract

The invention provides a milling clamp capable of realizing machining in different directions by virtue of rotation of a machine tool. The outer side of the first side wall of the clamp body is provided with a protrusion for installing the clamp on a four-axis machine tool, and the bottom wall accommodates a part to be machined between the first side wall and the second side wall. The cylindrical pin and the rhombic pin connect the part to the first side wall through the fine holes of the cylindrical pin and the rhombic pin in a one-face-two-pin positioning mode. The partition plate achieves disassembly of the part, the partition plate and the OK clamp are adjacently arranged on the bottom wall, and the clamp extrudes the part to be machined through the partition plate under the action of the OK clamp so as to clamp the part. According to the clamp, only one-time clamping is needed, machining of two straight grooves of a part, two oblique angles of 30 degrees relative to the straight grooves and two small planes of 90 degrees is completed through rotation of the A shaft of a machine tool, combination of machining procedures is achieved, and machining efficiency is improved; parts do not need to be frequently assembled and disassembled on a common vertical milling machine, and labor intensity is relieved; the 30-degree bevel angle is more accurate than visual alignment of machine tool head scale marks through numerical control rotation of the A axis, and the part machining quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of milling processing, and in particular relates to a milling fixture which realizes processing in different directions by means of rotation of a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] The main chain link is a part of the artillery weapon. As the name implies, this part is used to connect the product chain. In this weapon, the role of the chain is to convert the rotational motion of the mechanism into the linear motion of the locking mechanism. The locking mechanism is the core component of the weapon. Therefore, the quality of the main chain link will affect the stability of the chain transmission, thereby affecting the normal movement of the locking mechanism. Due to the large number of artillery production, it is necessary to improve the processing efficiency of the main chain link. See the schematic diagram of the main chain link. Figure 1 The part 100 needs to process two straight grooves 101, two small planes 103 at 90° relative to the straight grooves, and two bevels 102 at 30°. Since the two straight grooves, two bevels, and two small planes are in three directions of space, ordinary three-axis machine tools cannot complete them in one process.

[0003] At present, the processing method for parts similar to the main chain link is: process the two straight grooves of the main chain link on a three-axis CNC milling machine, and then process two small planes in the 90° direction relative to the straight groove and two bevels in the 30° direction on an ordinary vertical milling machine. Generally, there are two ways to process the 30° bevel: one is to process by rotating the spindle of the ordinary vertical milling machine to 30°. The second method is to use a special 30° angle milling cutter to ensure. Due to spatial position limitations, this part is not suitable for the second method. At present, this part can only be processed in the first way, and when the machine tool is tilted, it can only rely on the operator to visually align the angle scale line of the machine tool spindle, which has a large error. At the same time, the part clamping can only complete one 30° bevel processing at a time. To process the small plane, the direction of the small plane of the part needs to be adjusted to be parallel to the machine tool worktable before processing, and the small plane can only be processed one at a time. Therefore, to process the straight groove of this part, two bevels at 30° relative to the straight groove, and two small planes at 90° relative to the straight groove, it takes five times to clamp the parts, and it also requires two processes, a CNC milling machine and an ordinary vertical milling machine. Due to the small processing area of ​​the bevel and small planes and the short processing time, on an ordinary vertical milling machine, the operator needs to frequently load and unload the parts, and the auxiliary time for loading and unloading parts is longer than the part processing time, which is labor-intensive and inefficient. The control of the bevel angle depends entirely on manual visual alignment with the machine tool spindle scale to control the angle accuracy, resulting in low processing quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of the existing technology that the main chain link parts of artillery weapons are frequently clamped due to the scattered processing procedures during milling, resulting in low processing efficiency and quality, the applicant of this application has conceived that the straight groove, plane, and bevel milling that are completed in different directions and multiple clampings can be completed through one milling. In order to achieve such a function, it can only be achieved through the rotation of the tool or the rotation of the part. Although CNC five-axis machine tools can achieve one-time milling, the processing cost of five-axis machine tools is expensive, the number is small, and many processing environments cannot meet them. Then the only way left is part rotation, and if part rotation is to be achieved, it must be achieved with the help of a special fixture and the rotating axis of a four-axis machine tool.

[0005] Based on the above ideas, the present invention provides a milling fixture that realizes processing in different directions with the help of machine tool rotation. By cooperating with the A-axis rotation of the four-axis machine tool, the fixture can be clamped once to complete the processing of straight grooves, bevels and planes in different directions, which originally required five clampings to complete. The processing procedures are merged, the production efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity of the operator is reduced. Moreover, the 30-degree bevel angle through the CNC rotating A-axis is more accurate than manually adjusting the tilting machine tool spindle, thereby ensuring the processing quality of the parts.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a milling fixture for realizing machining in different directions by means of rotation of a machine tool, comprising a fixture body, a cylindrical pin, a diamond pin, a partition plate and an OK clamp;

[0008] The fixture body is U-shaped and includes a bottom wall, a first side wall and a second side wall. The first side wall is provided with a vertically extending protrusion on the outer side for clamping the milling fixture on the three-jaw chuck of the A axis of the four-axis machine tool. The bottom wall is used to receive the part to be processed between the first side wall and the second side wall.

[0009] The cylindrical pin and the diamond pin are used to connect the part to be processed to the first side wall through the self-provided fine hole in a positioning manner of "two pins on one side", and the part to be processed is positioned so that its straight groove is perpendicular to the protrusion;

[0010] The partition is used to disassemble the parts to be processed, and the OK clamp is used to clamp the parts to be processed. The partition and the OK clamp are placed adjacent to each other on the bottom wall, and the partition is in contact with the parts to be processed, and the OK clamp is in contact with the second side wall. Therefore, the milling fixture clamps the parts by squeezing the parts to be processed through the partition under the action of the OK clamp.

[0011] Furthermore, the milling fixture also includes a supporting bolt and a supporting nut. The supporting bolt passes through the bottom wall of the fixture body and is locked by the supporting nut, and the end of the rod of the supporting bolt contacts the part to be processed.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the fixture body includes a first part and a second part with different thicknesses, the second part is thicker than the first part, the first part is used to receive the part to be processed and pass the supporting bolts, and the second part is used to receive the partition and the OK clamp.

[0013] Furthermore, a stepped hole for installing a supporting bolt is processed on the bottom wall of the clamp body so that the head of the supporting bolt does not protrude outside the clamp body.

[0014] Furthermore, the milling fixture also includes a supporting gasket, which is sleeved on the rod portion of the supporting nut and is located between the bottom wall of the fixture body and the supporting nut.

[0015] Furthermore, the OK clamp comprises a clamp body and a clamp bolt, and the clamp body is locked by the clamp bolt.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The milling fixture of the present invention, which realizes processing in different directions by means of the rotation of the machine tool, is fixed to the A axis of the four-axis machine tool through the protrusions arranged on the outer side of the U-shaped fixture body, and the parts to be processed are fixed on the inner side of the fixture body in a positioning manner of "one side and two pins", and the parts are clamped by the partition and OK clamp on the inner side of the fixture body. Therefore, the present invention has a compact structure, low manufacturing cost, and convenient and fast clamping operation. For the main chain link parts of the artillery, only one clamping is required, and the processing in different directions, that is, the processing of two straight grooves of the parts and two bevels at 30° relative to the straight grooves and two small planes at 90° relative to the straight grooves can be completed by rotating the A axis of the four-axis machine tool, realizing the merging of the processing procedures, reducing the parts turnover links, reducing the auxiliary time of parts loading and unloading, and greatly improving the processing efficiency; there is no need for the operator to frequently load and unload parts on the ordinary vertical milling machine, which reduces the labor intensity of the operator; and the 30° bevel angle is more accurate than visually aligning the machine tool spindle scale line through the numerical control rotating A axis, ensuring the processing quality of the parts.

[0018] 2. The present invention replaces the original ordinary vertical milling machine and CNC three-axis machine tool processing with four-axis CNC machine tool processing. Whether processing two straight grooves or two planes and two bevels, the CNC machine tool operates automatically, and the processing process does not require the participation of operators, which not only reduces the dependence on operators, but also avoids the losses caused by operator errors in ordinary milling machine processing.

[0019] 3. The present invention uses a partition plate that facilitates the disassembly of parts. When the parts need to be removed, it is only necessary to loosen the OK clamp, pull out the partition plate, and then translate the parts to separate them from the cylindrical pins and the diamond pins. The OK clamp does not need to be removed during the whole process. In this way, the efficiency of disassembly and assembly of parts can be improved, thereby improving the efficiency of parts production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and / or other features and advantages of the present invention will become more easily understood through the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not drawn to scale and some features are exaggerated or reduced to show details of specific components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic stereogram of the main link parts of the gun;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic stereogram of a milling fixture for realizing machining in different directions by means of a rotation of a machine tool according to the present invention when holding a part;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic front view of a milling fixture for realizing machining in different directions by means of a rotating machine tool of the present invention when holding a part;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic top view of a milling fixture for realizing machining in different directions by means of a rotation of a machine tool according to the present invention when holding a part;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of the clamp body of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of a cylindrical pin in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of a diamond pin in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic stereoscopic diagram of the clamp body of the OK clamp in the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1-clamp body, 11-bottom wall, 111-first part, 112-second part, 113-step hole, 114-threaded hole, 12-first side wall, 121-pin hole, 13-second side wall, 14-protrusion; 2-cylindrical pin, 21-cylindrical pin gasket, 22-cylindrical pin nut; 3-diamond pin, 31-diamond pin gasket, 32-diamond pin nut; 4-partition; 5-OK clamp, 51-clamp body, 52-clamp bolt; 6-support bolt; 7-support nut; 8-support gasket; 100-part to be processed, 101-straight groove, 102-bevel, 103-small plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the following detailed description of the present invention is only for the purpose of illustration, and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] It should be pointed out that, in the context of the present invention, the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0033] The present invention provides a milling fixture which can realize machining in different directions by means of rotation of a machine tool, and is used for Figure 1 The shown artillery main chain link part 100 has two straight grooves 101, two bevel angles 102 with a relative angle of 30° to the straight grooves, and two small planes 103 with a relative angle of 90° to the straight grooves for clamping the parts during processing. By using this fixture, it is only necessary to clamp the parts to be processed once, and the processing of straight grooves, bevel angles and small planes in different directions can be achieved by rotating one axis of the machine tool, thereby realizing the merging of processing steps.

[0034] First, the overall reference Figures 2 to 4 As an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a milling fixture for realizing processing in different directions by means of rotation of a machine tool includes a fixture body 1, a cylindrical pin 2, a diamond pin 3, a partition 4 and an OK clamp 5. On the one hand, the fixture body 1 is used to be installed to a machine tool for processing a part 100 to be processed, especially the A-axis of a four-axis machine tool. The cylindrical pin 2 and the diamond pin 3 can jointly connect the part 100 to be processed to the fixture body 1 on one side through their own processed fine holes. On the other hand, the fixture body 1 presses the other side of the part 100 to be processed through the partition 4 and the OK clamp 5, thereby clamping the part 100 to be processed to withstand the cutting force during processing.

[0035] Combination Figure 5 The fixture body 1 is roughly U-shaped and includes a bottom wall 11, a first side wall 12 and a second side wall 13. The first side wall 12 is provided with a vertically extending protrusion 14, especially a cylindrical protrusion, on the outer side of the fixture body, which is used to clamp the milling fixture on the three-jaw chuck of the A-axis of the four-axis machine tool. The first side wall 12 is provided with two pin holes 121 above the protrusion 14, which respectively pass through the cylindrical pin 2 and the diamond pin 3, so as to connect the part 100 to be processed.

[0036] The bottom wall 11 of the clamp body 1 is used to receive the part 100 to be processed inside, that is, received between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 13. To facilitate the installation and clamping of the part to be processed, in some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom wall 11 includes a first part 111 and a second part 112 of different thicknesses, the bottom surfaces of the two parts are flush, the thickness of the second part 112 is greater than the first part 111, the first part 111 is used to receive the part 100 to be processed and pass the support bolt 6 (to be described below), the first part 111 is provided with a hole perpendicular to the axis of the protrusion for installing the support bolt 6, in particular a stepped hole 113, the second part 112 is used to receive the partition 4 and the OK clamp 5, and the second part 112 is processed with a threaded hole 14 for fastening the OK clamp.

[0037] Combination Figure 6 and Figure 7 The cylindrical pin 2 and the diamond pin 3 are used to connect the part to be processed 100 to the first side wall 12, specifically the pin hole 121 on the first side wall 12, through the self-provided fine hole in a "one-face two-pin" positioning manner, and the part to be processed 100 is positioned so that its straight groove 101 is perpendicular to the protrusion 14 and can be perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical protrusion. The cylindrical pin 2 can pass through the self-provided fine hole of the part to be processed 100 and the pin hole 121 on the first side wall 112 and be sleeved with a cylindrical pin gasket 21, and then locked by a cylindrical pin nut 22. Similarly, the diamond pin 3 can pass through the self-provided fine hole of the part to be processed 100 and the pin hole 121 on the first side wall 112 and be sleeved with a diamond pin gasket 31, and then locked by a diamond pin nut 32.

[0038] Combination Figure 8 The OK clamp 5 is used to clamp the part 100 to be processed. The partition 4 and the OK clamp 5 are adjacently arranged on the bottom wall 11, and the partition 4 contacts the part 100 to be processed. The OK clamp 5 contacts the second side wall 13, so that the milling fixture clamps the part by squeezing the part to be processed through the partition 4 under the action of the OK clamp 5. The OK clamp structure is a known mature technology. The present invention can select a type including a clamp body 51 and a clamp bolt 52, and the clamp body 51 is locked by the clamp bolt 52.

[0039] The partition 4 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and is used to realize the disassembly of the part 100 to be processed. Specifically, after the straight groove, bevel and small plane of the part are processed, the part needs to be removed. First, the OK clamp is loosened to make the wedge of the OK clamp in a loose state. At this time, it is only necessary to pull out the partition 4 perpendicular to the axis of the protrusion, and then translate the part to the right parallel to the axis of the protrusion to make the part detach from the cylindrical pin and the diamond pin without removing the OK clamp; when installing a new part to be processed, after installing the part and the partition, lock the OK clamp. In this way, the efficiency of disassembly and assembly of the parts can be improved, thereby improving the production efficiency of the parts. In contrast, those skilled in the art will understand that the partition 4 should be selected to have a thickness greater than the length of the cylindrical pin and the diamond pin installed on the part, so that the part can be removed after the partition 4 is removed.

[0040] In order to assist in supporting the parts to be processed, improve the processing strength, and prevent the parts from vibrating during processing, the milling fixture of the present invention preferably also includes a support bolt 6 and a support nut 7, such as Figure 3 It is clearly visible that the support bolt 6 passes through the bottom wall 11 of the clamp body 1, especially the stepped hole 113 on the first part 111, and is locked by the support nut 7, and the end of the rod of the support bolt 6 contacts the workpiece 100 to be processed for support. The setting of the stepped hole 113 can prevent the head of the support bolt 6 from protruding outside the clamp body 1, making the overall structure of the clamp compact.

[0041] Furthermore, in order to prevent the support nut from loosening and maintain the firmness of the support bolt supporting the part, the milling fixture may also include a support gasket 8, which is sleeved on the rod of the support nut 7 and located between the bottom wall 11 of the fixture body 1 and the support nut 7.

[0042] The working process of the milling fixture provided by the present invention for realizing processing in different directions by means of machine tool rotation is as follows:

[0043] Step S1, firstly, the protrusion 14 of the fixture body 1 is installed into the three-jaw chuck of the A axis of the four-axis machine tool, and the fixture is aligned;

[0044] Step S2, inserting two positioning pins, namely the cylindrical pin 2 and the diamond pin 3, into the two pin holes 121 on the first side wall 12 of the fixture body 1, and locking them with nuts respectively;

[0045] Step S3, install the two fine holes of the part 100 to be processed on the two positioning pins. In order to ensure the detachability of the part, install the partition 4 between the part and the OK clamp 5. After the part is aligned, lock the OK clamp 5;

[0046] Step S4, move the support bolt 6 under the part upward until it contacts the lower end surface of the part, and then tighten the support nut 7. At this point, the fixture and the part are installed, and the two straight grooves of the part can be processed by the fixture and the A axis; after the straight groove is processed, the A axis is rotated 90° to process two small planes at 90° relative to the straight groove; after the 90° small plane is processed, the A axis is rotated 30° to process two 30° bevels. In this way, through the cooperation of the milling fixture of the present invention and the four-axis machine tool, all processing in different directions of the main chain link parts of the artillery can be completed with only one clamping.

[0047] Therefore, as described above, the present invention has a compact structure, low manufacturing cost, and convenient and fast clamping operation. For artillery main chain parts, only one clamping is required, and the rotation of the A-axis of the four-axis machine tool can complete the processing in different directions, that is, the two straight grooves of the part and the two bevels at 30° relative to the straight grooves and the two small planes at 90° relative to the straight grooves. The processing procedures are merged, the parts turnover links are reduced, the auxiliary time for parts loading and unloading is reduced, and the processing efficiency is greatly improved; there is no need for the operator to frequently load and unload parts on an ordinary vertical milling machine, which reduces the labor intensity of the operator; and the 30-degree bevel is more accurate than visually aligning the machine tool spindle scale line through the CNC rotating A-axis, which ensures the processing quality of the parts and makes the transmission mechanism such as chain transmission more stable, thereby ensuring the normal operation of core components such as the locking machine.

[0048] In addition, the present invention replaces the original ordinary vertical milling machine and CNC three-axis machine tool processing with four-axis CNC machine tool processing. Whether processing two straight grooves or two planes and two bevels, the CNC machine tool is automatically operated, and the processing process does not require the participation of operators, which not only reduces the dependence on operators, but also avoids the losses caused by operators' mistakes in ordinary milling machine processing. In the mechanical processing industry, this fixture provides a strong guarantee for production and manufacturing due to its simple structure, low manufacturing cost and strong versatility, and is worthy of promotion and reference in the processing and production of similar parts.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the features mentioned and / or shown in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be combined in the same or similar manner into one or more other embodiments, combined with the features in other embodiments or substituted for the corresponding features in other implementations. The technical solutions obtained by these combinations or substitutions shall also be deemed to be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A milling fixture that realizes processing in different directions by means of machine tool rotation, characterized in that: Includes a fixture body, a cylindrical pin, a diamond pin, a spacer and an OK clamp; The fixture body is U-shaped and includes a bottom wall, a first side wall and a second side wall, the first side wall is provided with a vertically extending protrusion on the outer side, which is used to clamp the milling fixture on the three-jaw chuck of the A axis of the four-axis machine tool, and the bottom wall is used to receive the part to be processed between the first side wall and the second side wall; The cylindrical pin and the diamond pin are used to connect the part to be processed to the first side wall through the self-provided fine hole in a "one-face-two-pin" positioning manner, and the part to be processed is positioned so that its straight groove is perpendicular to the protrusion; The partition is used to realize the disassembly of the part to be processed, and the OK clamp is used to clamp the part to be processed. The partition and the OK clamp are arranged adjacent to each other on the bottom wall, and the partition is in contact with the part to be processed, and the OK clamp is in contact with the second side wall. As a result, the milling fixture clamps the part to be processed by squeezing the part through the partition under the action of the OK clamp.

2. The milling fixture for realizing machining in different directions by means of machine tool rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a supporting bolt and a supporting nut. The supporting bolt passes through the bottom wall of the clamp body and is locked by the supporting nut. The end of the rod of the supporting bolt contacts the part to be processed.

3. The milling fixture for realizing machining in different directions by means of machine tool rotation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the clamp body includes a first part and a second part with different thicknesses, wherein the thickness of the second part is greater than that of the first part, the first part is used to receive the part to be processed and pass the supporting bolt, and the second part is used to receive the partition and the OK clamp.

4. The milling fixture for realizing machining in different directions by means of machine tool rotation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A stepped hole for installing the supporting bolt is processed on the bottom wall of the clamp body so that the head of the supporting bolt does not protrude from the clamp body.

5. The milling fixture for realizing machining in different directions by means of machine tool rotation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes a supporting gasket, which is sleeved on the rod portion of the supporting nut and is located between the bottom wall of the clamp body and the supporting nut.

6. The milling fixture for realizing machining in different directions by means of machine tool rotation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The OK clamp comprises a clamp body and a clamp bolt, and the clamp body is locked by the clamp bolt.

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