Environmental box for ocean engineering material corrosion test and test system

Abstract

The invention provides an environmental box and a test system for corrosion test of ocean engineering materials, the environmental box comprises a box body and an upper cover assembly, the upper cover assembly is arranged at the upper part of the box body, the box body and the upper cover assembly are matched and sealed to form a chamber required by the corrosion test, and a corrosion medium test environmental condition is formed in the chamber. The environment box comprises a cavity, at least two samples can be arranged in the cavity, the environment box further comprises a high-speed spraying assembly, the high-speed spraying assembly corresponds to the samples and is used for spraying a high-speed test medium to the surfaces of the samples, and the test medium comprises a liquid medium and / or a gas medium. Through the arrangement of the high-speed injection assembly, the environment state of a ship during operation can be simulated, and the corrosion fatigue performance research of an ocean engineering material in various ocean environments can be realized; through the arrangement of the plurality of samples in the chamber, the batch test of the plurality of samples in the same environment can be realized, the test efficiency is improved, and the test period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fatigue detection of marine engineering materials, and in particular to an environmental chamber and a test system for marine engineering material corrosion testing. Background Art

[0002] Corrosion and related stress corrosion and corrosion fatigue are one of the main forms of failure of marine engineering materials, which bring great harm to various types of marine engineering. Obtaining the corrosion behavior characteristic parameters of marine engineering materials through experiments is an important basis for marine engineering design, marine engineering material research and development and application.

[0003] The factors that lead to material corrosion are numerous and complex. The internal factors are materials (mainly determined by composition, microstructure and internal stress state), and different materials have different corrosion characteristics; external factors include environmental conditions and load conditions. For marine engineering materials, the environmental conditions that affect corrosion mainly include the salinity, temperature, oxygen content and microorganisms of the seawater medium, as well as the temperature, humidity and oxygen content of the air medium; the load conditions that affect corrosion include constant stress load, slow strain load, alternating cycle load, etc. The safe and reliable application of marine engineering materials needs to be achieved through reasonable material selection, optimized design and strengthened protection measures. The premise is to master the corrosion performance data of marine engineering materials under various environmental conditions and load conditions. Since the corrosion performance of materials has the characteristics of many influencing factors and large dispersion of test data, a relatively complete set of corrosion performance data for a material needs to be obtained through a large number of tests, including material corrosion data under a series of load conditions in different corrosion environments.

[0004] The corrosion performance data of marine engineering materials currently in practical use mainly include the following categories: (1) Material exposure test data in various real sea environments (such as real sea hanging test). It is mainly the corrosion data of materials after being exposed to a specific real sea environment for a certain period of time. This type of test data truly reflects the influence of environment and time on the corrosion behavior of materials, but there are many shortcomings: on the one hand, in general, this type of test does not apply load, so the coupling effect of environment and load is not reflected; on the other hand, the test environment conditions are single and cannot be precisely controlled, which can only reflect the environment of a specific sea area and is difficult to cover other sea areas; in addition, the test cycle is long, generally in years. (2) Material exposure test data in various laboratory simulation environments (such as indoor accelerated corrosion tests). Mainly refers to the corrosion data of materials after being exposed to a specific simulated environment for a certain period of time. This type of test data can reflect the influence of specific environmental factors such as the temperature and salinity of the liquid medium, the temperature and humidity of the air medium, etc. on the corrosion behavior of the material. It is simple, convenient, well controllable, and has a relatively short test cycle. However, this type of test also has the disadvantages of not applying loads and failing to reflect the coupling effect of the environment and loads; (3) Material load test data under various laboratory simulation environments (such as stress corrosion tests, corrosion fatigue tests, etc.). Mainly refers to the corrosion failure data of materials bearing specific loads after being exposed to a specific simulated environment for a period of time. This type of test data can effectively reflect the comprehensive effect of the environment and load on the corrosion behavior of the material and can be directly applied to the design of marine engineering structures. However, at present, this type of test is mainly based on single sample testing, with relatively low test efficiency, and it is difficult to unify the environmental conditions between different tests, which affects the comparability and effectiveness of the data. At the same time, the environmental conditions of this type of test are generally fixed, the test process lacks adjustability, and the simulation of the actual marine environment is relatively weak.

[0005] Chinese patent CN202021609840.5 discloses a corrosion fatigue test device in a simulated marine atmospheric environment, which can combine salt spray test with fatigue test and can be used to evaluate the corrosion fatigue performance of metal materials in a marine atmospheric environment. The device has a simple structure and is easy to install and disassemble. The temperature of the test cavity is controlled by setting a water bath device, the humidity of the test cavity is controlled by setting a humidifying device, and the temperature and humidity monitoring device is set to monitor the temperature and humidity of the test cavity in real time, thereby realizing the adjustable and controllable and real-time monitoring of key environmental factors, and can simulate the corrosion fatigue performance in a variety of marine atmospheric environments. Although this patent can combine salt spray test with fatigue test for corrosion fatigue test, it can only simulate the atmospheric environment in the ocean, and cannot simulate the seawater environment in the ocean. In addition, marine engineering materials are not immersed in seawater and do not move. For example, when a ship is running, there is a high-speed collision between seawater or marine atmosphere and the ship. This patent cannot study the corrosion fatigue effect of such high-speed collision on ship plate materials. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present invention is that the existing method for detecting the corrosion performance of marine engineering materials cannot coordinate the comprehensive effects of influencing factors such as different environments and loads, nor can it simulate the actual environment in which the ship is running at high speed, and cannot study the corrosion fatigue of the ship plate material when the ship is running. In addition, the existing test system has relatively low test efficiency and a long test cycle.

[0007] The present invention discloses an environmental box for corrosion testing of marine engineering materials, comprising a box body and an upper cover assembly, wherein the upper cover assembly is arranged on the upper part of the box body, and the box body and the upper cover assembly cooperate and seal to form a chamber required for the corrosion test, in which a corrosion medium test environmental condition is formed, and at least two specimens can be arranged in the chamber. The environmental box also comprises a high-speed injection assembly, which is arranged corresponding to the specimen and is used to inject a high-speed test medium onto the surface of the specimen, wherein the test medium comprises a liquid medium and / or a gas medium.

[0008] Furthermore, the high-speed injection assembly includes a high-pressure mass inlet pipeline, a high-pressure medium pipeline and a high-speed medium nozzle. The first end of the high-pressure mass inlet pipeline is connected to the medium source outside the environmental chamber, and the second end is connected to the high-pressure medium pipeline, which is used to transport the test medium provided by the medium source to the high-pressure medium pipeline. The high-pressure medium pipeline is arranged in the chamber, and the high-speed medium nozzle is connected to the high-pressure medium pipeline, and the high-speed medium nozzle is arranged corresponding to the sample, which is used to spray the high-pressure test medium at high speed toward the sample.

[0009] Furthermore, each sample is provided with more than one high-speed medium nozzle.

[0010] Furthermore, when more than two high-speed medium nozzles are provided corresponding to the sample, the high-speed medium nozzles are evenly distributed around the radial direction of the sample.

[0011] Furthermore, one or more lower clamp through holes are provided on the bottom plate of the box body, and one or more upper clamp through holes are correspondingly provided on the upper cover assembly. The lower clamp through holes and the upper clamp through holes are provided in one-to-one correspondence, and samples and / or clamp assemblies are provided between any corresponding group of lower clamp through holes and upper clamp through holes.

[0012] Furthermore, an upper sealing sleeve is arranged near the upper end of the sample, the first end sealing sleeve of the upper sealing sleeve is arranged on the outer periphery of the sample, the second end of the upper sealing sleeve is arranged with a skirt extending outwardly in the circumferential direction, and the skirt is used to cooperate and seal with the upper surface of the upper cover assembly, and a lower sealing sleeve is arranged near the lower end of the sample, and an upwardly protruding flange is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate around the circumference of the lower fixture through hole, the first end sealing sleeve of the lower sealing sleeve is arranged on the sample, and the second end sealing sleeve of the lower sealing sleeve is arranged on the flange.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper sealing sleeve and the lower sealing sleeve are made of a material that is inert to the test environment conditions and has a certain elasticity.

[0014] Further, the upper cover assembly includes an end cover plate and a middle cover assembly, two end cover plates are provided, respectively arranged at the two ends of the upper cover assembly, more than one middle cover assembly is provided, and the middle cover assembly is arranged between the two end cover plates, the middle cover assembly includes a middle upper cover plate and a middle lower cover plate, the middle upper cover plate and the middle lower cover plate are matched with each other through inclined surfaces to form the middle cover assembly, the upper clamp is arranged between the end cover plate and the middle upper cover plate through a hole, and / or, the upper clamp is arranged between the end cover plate and the middle lower cover plate through a hole, and / or, the upper clamp is arranged between the middle upper cover plate and the middle lower cover plate through a hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the inclined surface is between 45° and 75°.

[0016] Furthermore, the box body and the upper cover assembly are both sandwich structures, the surface in contact with the test environment is made of a material that is inert to the test environment conditions, and the core is made of heat-insulating material.

[0017] Furthermore, the high-speed injection assembly is made of a material that is inert to test environment conditions.

[0018] Furthermore, at the lower portion of the side wall of the box body, one or more liquid inlet pipelines and at least one liquid outlet pipeline are provided. The liquid inlet pipeline is used to transport the liquid medium for corrosion testing into the chamber, and the liquid outlet pipeline is used to discharge the liquid medium in the chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, at the upper portion of the side wall of the box body, one or more air inlet pipelines and at least one air outlet pipeline are provided. The air inlet pipeline is used to transport the gas medium for corrosion testing into the chamber, and the air outlet pipeline is used to discharge the gas medium in the chamber.

[0020] The invention also discloses a marine engineering material corrosion test system, comprising the marine engineering material corrosion test environment box as described above.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the environmental chamber and test method for marine engineering material corrosion testing of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0022] 1. Through the setting of high-speed jet components, the environmental conditions of ships during operation can be simulated, which is helpful for studying the corrosion fatigue performance of marine engineering materials in various marine environments;

[0023] 2. Through the setting of air inlet pipeline, air outlet pipeline, liquid inlet pipeline and liquid outlet pipeline, the corrosion environment of typical sea areas around the world can be simulated, realizing the comprehensive coordination of different environmental factors;

[0024] 3. By setting up multiple samples in the chamber, batch testing of multiple samples in the same environment can be achieved, which improves the test efficiency and shortens the test cycle;

[0025] 4. The environmental chamber and test system provided by the present invention have a simple structure and are easy to use, which significantly improves the corrosion test efficiency of marine engineering materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A test principle diagram of a test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a loading system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a loading bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crossbeam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the load-bearing capacity analysis when the four central actuators are fully loaded at the same time, where (a) is the schematic diagram of the Mises equivalent stress distribution of the beam, (b) is the schematic diagram of the Mises equivalent stress distribution of the base; (c) is the schematic diagram of the z-direction displacement distribution of the beam; (d) is the schematic diagram of the z-direction displacement distribution of the base;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of load-bearing capacity analysis when all 16 actuators are fully loaded at the same time, where (a) is the schematic diagram of Mises equivalent stress distribution of the beam, (b) is the schematic diagram of Mises equivalent stress distribution of the base; (c) is the schematic diagram of z-direction displacement distribution of the beam; (d) is the schematic diagram of z-direction displacement distribution of the base;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the actuator and the sample clamped according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 Two schematic diagrams of the structures of the samples described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.13 is a schematic structural diagram of a third clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.15 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure of a positioning block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the positioning block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the environmental chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the environmental chamber base covered with an anti-corrosion rubber pad and a sealing sleeve installed on the clamp assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of using a high-speed medium to perform high-speed showering on a sample other than a rubber sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid medium control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas medium control device described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Description of reference numerals:

[0049] 100, environmental chamber; 110, box body; 111, lower fixture through hole; 112, flange; 120, upper cover assembly; 121, end cover plate; 122, middle upper cover plate; 123, middle lower cover plate; 124, upper fixture through hole; 125, inclined plane; 1251, first inclined plane; 1252, second inclined plane; 130, high-speed injection assembly; 131, high-pressure inlet pipeline; 132, high-pressure medium pipeline; 133, high-speed medium nozzle; 140, liquid inlet pipeline; 150, liquid outlet pipeline; 16 0, air inlet pipe; 170, air outlet pipe; 200, sample; 220, upper sealing sleeve; 230, lower sealing sleeve; 300, loading bracket; 310, crossbeam; 311, first main board; 312, first transverse rib plate; 313, first longitudinal rib plate; 320, base; 321, second main board; 322, second transverse rib plate; 323, second longitudinal rib plate; 324, T-slot; 325, anti-corrosion rubber pad; 330, column; 331, support section; 332, fastening section; 333, fastening Nut; 400, clamp assembly; 410, first clamp; 420, second clamp; 430, third clamp; 440, fourth clamp; 450, fifth clamp; 460, positioning block; 461, blind hole; 462, positioning screw hole; 463, V-shaped groove; 470, positioning screw; 480, compression spring; 500, actuator; 600, liquid medium control device; 610, upper box; 620, lower box; 621, heat exchanger; 622, injection hole; 623, reflux hole; 62 4. Oxygen injection hole; 630. Drain hole; 640. Brine solenoid valve; 650. Fresh water solenoid valve; 660. Parameter sensor; 670. Liquid level sensor; 680. High-concentration brine tank; 700. Gas medium control device; 710. Gas box; 711. Gas injection port; 712. Gas return port; 713. Humidification hole; 714. Temperature adjustment device; 715. Ventilation inlet; 716. Ventilation outlet; 717. Temperature sensor; 718. Humidity sensor; 719. Oxygen content sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0051] An environmental chamber and a test system for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This embodiment provides an environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing, such as Fig.18 As shown, it includes a box body 110 and an upper cover assembly 120, wherein the upper cover assembly 120 is arranged on the upper part of the box body 110, and the box body 110 and the upper cover assembly 120 cooperate to seal and are used to form a chamber required for the corrosion test, in which a corrosion medium test environment condition is formed, and at least two specimens 200 can be arranged in the chamber. The environmental box 100 also includes a high-speed injection assembly 130, and the high-speed injection assembly 130 is arranged corresponding to the specimen 200, and is used to spray a high-speed test medium onto the surface of the specimen 200, and the test medium includes a liquid medium and / or a gas medium.

[0054] It should be noted that the sample 200 can be fixedly set in the environmental box 100 with a load, and its fixing method can refer to the prior art, or the fixing method described later in this application can be used. The box body 110 plays the role of a container for manufacturing the test environment. Through the above-mentioned setting, when the corrosion test is carried out on the marine engineering material, the high-speed test medium can be sprayed on the surface of the sample 200 at the same time, which helps to simulate the working conditions of the ship when it is running, so as to carry out a comprehensive and complete corrosion test on the marine engineering material. Existing environmental boxes can usually only support tests at low flow rates, cannot simulate the working conditions of the ship when it is running, and cannot carry out comprehensive and effective corrosion tests. It should be noted that multiple samples 200 can be set in the environmental box 100, which is helpful for batch testing. It should be noted that the flow rate of the high-speed test medium sprayed by the high-speed injection assembly 130 is 1-20m / s.

[0055] As an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.18 As shown, the high-speed injection assembly 130 includes a high-pressure mass inlet pipeline 131, a high-pressure medium pipeline 132 and a high-speed medium nozzle 133. The first end of the high-pressure mass inlet pipeline 131 is connected to the medium source outside the environmental chamber 100, and the second end is connected to the high-pressure medium pipeline 132, which is used to transport the test medium provided by the medium source to the high-pressure medium pipeline 132. The high-pressure medium pipeline 132 is arranged in the chamber. The high-speed medium nozzle 133 is connected to the high-pressure medium pipeline 132, and the high-speed medium nozzle 133 is correspondingly arranged with the sample 200, and is used to spray the high-pressure test medium at high speed to the sample 200. The high-speed medium nozzle 133 is correspondingly arranged with the sample 200, which can effectively ensure that the surface of the sample 200 is flushed with the high-speed and high-pressure test medium during the test, thereby effectively simulating the working environment when the ship is running.

[0056] Optionally, each sample 200 is provided with one or more high-speed medium nozzles 133. One or more high-speed medium nozzles 133 are helpful to spray the sample 200 in a comprehensive manner in the circumferential direction, and are helpful to obtain comprehensive and complete test results for the corrosion test of marine engineering materials.

[0057] As an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.18 As shown, when more than two high-speed medium nozzles 133 are provided corresponding to the sample 200, the high-speed medium nozzles 133 are evenly distributed around the radial circumference of the sample 200. Preferably, more than one high-speed medium nozzle 133 is also provided in the vertical direction of the sample 200. Through the above arrangement, the circumferential surface of the sample 200 is sprayed evenly, so that the test results are more accurate. It should be noted that the number and nozzle size of the high-speed medium nozzles 133 can be specifically set according to the test requirements and are not limited here.

[0058] In this embodiment, if Fig.18 As shown, one or more lower fixture through holes 111 are arranged on the bottom plate of the box body 110, and one or more upper fixture through holes 124 are correspondingly arranged on the upper cover assembly 120. The lower fixture through holes 111 and the upper fixture through holes 124 are arranged one by one, and the sample 200 and / or the fixture assembly 400 are arranged between any corresponding group of lower fixture through holes 111 and upper fixture through holes 124. Through the above arrangement, the upper and lower ends of the sample 200 can be fixed with the fixture assembly 400, and the fixture assembly 400 can be connected to a loading device such as an actuator 500 or a mechanical testing machine, so that the sample 200 is loaded while the corrosion test is being carried out, so that the environment in which the sample 200 is located is closer to the actual use environment, and the fatigue corrosion performance of the marine engineering material can be more accurately tested. The environmental chamber 100 provided in this embodiment can create a certain test environment for batch-produced samples 200 without affecting the application of force loads to the samples 200. The test environment includes: a circulating liquid immersion environment, an environment for high-speed medium spraying of the samples 200 (preferably high-speed spraying of liquid medium), a circulating gas environment, a circulating liquid and gas mixed environment, a liquid spray and circulating gas mixed environment, etc.

[0059] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, an upper sealing sleeve 220 is arranged near the upper end of the sample 200, and the first end sealing sleeve of the upper sealing sleeve 220 is arranged on the outer periphery of the sample 200, and the second end of the upper sealing sleeve 220 is provided with a skirt extending outwardly in the circumferential direction, and the skirt is used to cooperate and seal with the upper surface of the upper cover assembly 120, and a lower sealing sleeve 230 is arranged near the lower end of the sample 200, and an upwardly protruding flange 112 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate around the circumference of the lower fixture through hole 111, the first end sealing sleeve of the lower sealing sleeve 230 is arranged on the sample 200, and the second end sealing sleeve of the lower sealing sleeve 230 is arranged on the flange 112. It should be understood that the arrangement of the upper fixture through hole 124 and the lower fixture through hole 111 is likely to cause the gas medium and liquid medium therein to leak through the hole or the surface of the sample 200, causing changes in the test environment conditions, thereby affecting the test results. The upper sealing sleeve 220 and the lower sealing sleeve 230 are respectively used to seal the upper fixture through hole 124, the lower fixture through hole 111 and the surface of the sample 200, thereby effectively preventing the test medium from leaking out and ensuring the stability of the test process. Specifically, the lower fixture of the loading device is connected to the lower end of the sample 200 through the lower fixture through hole 111, the first end of the lower sealing sleeve 230 is sleeved on the position of the sample 200 close to the lower fixture, and is tightened and sealed by a certain fastening device (such as a strapping tape), and the second end of the lower sealing sleeve 230 is sleeved on the cup-shaped flange 112 on the circumference of the lower fixture through hole 111, and is tightened and sealed by a certain fastening device (such as a strapping tape); the upper fixture of the loading device is connected to the sample 200 through the upper fixture through hole 124 on the upper cover assembly 120 00, the first end of the upper sealing sleeve 220 is sleeved on the position of the sample 200 close to the upper fixture, and is fastened and sealed by a certain fastening device (such as a strapping tape), and the second end of the upper sealing sleeve 220 is provided with a skirt. When the end cover plate 121, the middle upper cover plate 122, and the middle lower cover plate 123 are assembled and covered on the box body 110, the skirt of the upper sealing sleeve 220 covers the edge of the upper fixture through hole 124 on the end cover plate 121, the middle upper cover plate 122, and the middle lower cover plate 123, and then the sealing is achieved by gluing or adhesive tape.

[0060] Optionally, the upper sealing sleeve 220 and the lower sealing sleeve 230 are made of a material that is inert to the test environment conditions and has a certain elasticity. The upper sealing sleeve 220 and the lower sealing sleeve 230 can be made of rubber or latex, and the test environment conditions cannot cause corrosion to the above materials, and the above materials have good elasticity. This setting can effectively prevent them from being corroded by the test medium while ensuring the sealing effect, thereby ensuring the stability of the test environment conditions.

[0061] Specifically, the upper cover assembly 120 includes an end cover plate 121 and a middle cover assembly, wherein two end cover plates 121 are provided, respectively arranged at the two ends of the upper cover assembly 120, and there is more than one middle cover assembly, which is arranged between the two end cover plates 121. The middle cover assembly includes a middle upper cover plate 122 and a middle lower cover plate 123, wherein the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123 cooperate with each other through an inclined surface 125 to form the middle cover assembly, and the inclined surface 125 is used for the relative sliding installation of the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123, and the upper clamp is arranged between the end cover plate 121 and the middle upper cover plate 122 through a hole 124, and / or, the upper clamp is arranged between the end cover plate 121 and the middle lower cover plate 123 through a hole 124, and / or, the upper clamp is arranged between the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123 through a hole 124. As one embodiment, the end cover plate 121, the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123 are all arranged in a strip shape, and one or more first semicircular through holes are arranged along the length direction on the side of the end cover plate 121 facing the middle cover assembly. In each group of middle cover assemblies, an inclined surface 125 is arranged on the opposite surface of the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123, and the inclined surface 125 includes a first inclined surface 1251 and a second inclined surface 1252. The first inclined surface 1251 and the second inclined surface 1252 can cooperate to form the inclined surface 125, so that the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123 cooperate to form a rectangle, and the first inclined surface 1251 is arranged in the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123. On one, the second inclined surface 1252 is arranged on the other of the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123, and one or more second semicircular through holes are arranged on the side away from the inclined surface 125 on the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123 along the length direction, and the second semicircular through holes on the side facing the end cover plate 121 on the middle cover component connected to the end cover plate 121 are consistent with the diameter and number of the first semicircular through holes, and the diameter and number of the second semicircular through holes between the two interconnected middle cover components are consistent, and the second semicircular through holes and the first semicircular through holes or the second semicircular through holes and the second semicircular through holes on the other middle cover component are arranged opposite to each other to form an upper clamp through hole 124.In one specific embodiment, the first inclined surface 1251 is provided on one side of the middle upper cover plate 122 away from the end cover plate 121, and one or more second semicircular through holes are provided on the other side along the length direction; the second inclined surface 1252 is provided on one side of the middle lower cover plate 123 facing the middle upper cover plate 122, and one or more second semicircular through holes are provided along the length direction on the side away from the middle upper cover plate 122; the number of second semicircular through holes provided on the two sides may be the same or different, wherein the first inclined surface 1251 is a surface that gradually extends from bottom to top in a direction of the middle lower cover plate 123 and is inclined from bottom to top in a direction away from the middle upper cover plate 122; in this case, during installation, after the sample 200 and the upper sealing sleeve 220 and the lower sealing sleeve 230 are installed, when the upper cover assembly 120 is installed, An end cover plate 121 is arranged near the end of the box body 110, and a middle cover assembly is arranged between the two end cover plates 121. When setting, the middle and lower cover plate 123 is first arranged in place, and then the first inclined surface 1251 of the middle and upper cover plate 122 is slid in cooperation with the second inclined surface 1252 of the middle and lower cover plate 123 until the installation of the middle and upper cover plate 122 is completed. After the middle and upper cover plate 122 is installed in place, the skirt of the upper sealing sleeve 220 is sealed in cooperation with the upper surface of the end cover plate 121 and / or the middle and upper cover plate 122 and / or the middle and lower cover plate 123. This is because, in order to ensure the sealing effect, the outer diameter of the upper sealing sleeve 220 is sealed in cooperation with the inner surface of the upper fixture through hole 124, and the setting of the skirt, in this case, will make the assembly of the upper cover assembly 120 difficult. The combined assembly of the upper cover assembly 120 can be easily achieved by the cooperation and sliding between the inclined surfaces 125.

[0062] As one of the preferred embodiments, the inclined surface 125 has an inclination angle of 45°-75°. By setting the above angle, the middle upper cover plate 122 and the middle lower cover plate 123 can be smoothly installed in place when they are slidably installed.

[0063] Optionally, both the box body 110 and the upper cover assembly 120 are sandwich structures, the surface in contact with the test environment is made of a material that is inert to the test environment conditions, and the core is a heat-insulating material. It should be noted that the box body 110 and the upper cover assembly 120 can also be made of a double-layer composite material, wherein the surface in contact with the test environment is made of a material that is inert to the test environment conditions, and the outside is a heat-insulating material. Optionally, the inert material of the surface of the box body 110 and the upper cover assembly 120 in contact with the test environment is 316L or other materials that are not corroded by the test medium, and the core or the outside is a polyurethane material or other heat-insulating material. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the box body 110 and the upper cover assembly 120 can be prevented from being corroded during use, and the temperature outside the environmental box 100 can be prevented from affecting the test environment temperature in its chamber, thereby ensuring the stability of the test environment and helping to obtain more accurate test results.

[0064] Optionally, the high-speed injection assembly 130 is made of a material that is inert to the test environment conditions. The high-pressure inlet pipeline 131, the high-pressure medium pipeline 132 and the high-speed medium nozzle 133 are all made of a material that is inert to the test environment conditions, such as 316L. Through the above arrangement, the high-speed injection assembly 130 can be prevented from being corroded by the test medium, ensuring the smooth progress of the test.

[0065] In this embodiment, at the lower part of the side wall of the box 110, one or more liquid inlet pipelines 140 and at least one liquid outlet pipeline 150 are arranged. The liquid inlet pipeline 140 is used to transport the liquid medium for corrosion test into the chamber, and the liquid outlet pipeline 150 is used to discharge the liquid medium in the chamber. Through the arrangement of the liquid inlet pipeline 140 and the liquid outlet pipeline 150, a corresponding liquid medium circulation can be formed in the chamber to simulate the flow state of seawater. It should be understood that the number of the liquid inlet pipeline 140 and the liquid outlet pipeline 150 can be adjusted accordingly according to the number of samples 200 and the size of the box 110. Preferably, the liquid inlet pipeline 140 and the liquid outlet pipeline 150 are made of materials that are inert to the manufactured environmental conditions, such as 316L. Through the above arrangement, the liquid inlet pipeline 140 and the liquid outlet pipeline 150 can be prevented from being corroded by the test medium, ensuring the smooth and stable progress of the test. Preferably, the liquid inlet pipeline 140 and the liquid outlet pipeline 150 are respectively disposed on two opposite side walls of the box body 110 .

[0066] As an embodiment of the present invention, at the upper part of the side wall of the box 110, one or more air inlet pipelines 160 and at least one air outlet pipeline 170 are arranged. The air inlet pipeline 160 is used to transport the gas medium for corrosion test into the chamber, and the air outlet pipeline 170 is used to discharge the gas medium in the chamber. By setting the air inlet pipeline 160 and the air outlet pipeline 170, a corresponding gas medium circulation can be formed in the chamber to simulate the state of ocean air. It should be understood that the number of the air inlet pipeline 160 and the air outlet pipeline 170 can be adjusted accordingly according to the number of samples 200 and the size of the box 110. Preferably, the air inlet pipeline 160 and the air outlet pipeline 170 are made of materials that are inert to the manufactured environmental conditions, such as 316L. Through the above arrangement, the air inlet pipeline 160 and the air outlet pipeline 170 can be prevented from being corroded by the test medium, ensuring the smooth and stable progress of the test. Preferably, the air inlet pipeline 160 and the air outlet pipeline 170 are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the box body 110 .

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides an environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing, the structure of which is as shown in Example 1, and the dimensions and corresponding parameters are as follows:

[0069] 1. Test environment conditions that need to be manufactured:

[0070] (1) The liquid medium is a sodium chloride aqueous solution with a sodium chloride content of 2.5-4.5% and a temperature of freezing point to 50° C.;

[0071] (2) The gas medium is air, the temperature is -60℃-50℃, and the relative humidity is 30%-95%.

[0072] 2. The specimen is in the shape of a round rod with a diameter of 10 mm and a parallel section length of 120 mm. The fixture is in the shape of a round rod with a diameter of 40 mm. The number of specimens is 16, arranged in a 4×4 matrix, and the center distance between adjacent specimens is 300 mm.

[0073] 3. Specific parameters of environmental chamber:

[0074] (1) The internal space of the box is 1200 mm long, 1200 mm wide and 280 mm high; the thickness of the bottom and side walls is 150 mm, the surfaces on both sides are 2 mm thick 316L stainless steel plates, and the core is high-density polyurethane;

[0075] (2) The inner diameter of the air inlet and outlet pipes is 80 mm and the wall thickness is 2 mm. They are made of 316L stainless steel. There are 4 groups in total, which are arranged on the opposite side walls of the box;

[0076] (3) The inner diameter of the liquid inlet and outlet pipelines is 20 mm and they are made of 316L stainless steel with a wall thickness of 3 mm. There are 4 sets in total and they are arranged on the opposite side walls of the box respectively;

[0077] (4) The inner diameter of the upper fixture through hole and the lower fixture through hole is 85 mm, the flange height is 25 mm, the wall thickness is 2 mm, and they are arranged in a 4×4 matrix. The size and position correspond to the position of the test machine fixture. The material is 316L stainless steel;

[0078] (5) The inner diameter of the high-pressure inlet pipeline and the high-pressure medium pipeline is 15 mm and is made of 316L stainless steel with a wall thickness of 4 mm; the inner diameter of the high-speed medium nozzle is 10 mm, the wall thickness is 4 mm, the nozzle aperture is 0.3 mm, and the material is 316L stainless steel. For each sample, a group of 4 nozzles are arranged at an angle of 90° to each other. For 16 samples, 16 groups of nozzles are arranged, and the position is opposite to the sample, and the height from the inner bottom surface of the box is 140 mm;

[0079] (6) The inner diameter of the lower sealing sleeve that covers the specimen is 10mm, and the inner diameter of one end that covers the flange of the lower fixture through the hole is 90mm. It is made of rubber with a wall thickness of 3mm, and is fastened to the specimen and the flange of the fixture through the hole with two strapping tapes; the inner diameter of the upper sealing sleeve that covers the specimen is 10mm, and the inner diameter of the part that covers the fixture is 90mm. The outer edge diameter of the skirt is 140mm, and it is made of rubber with a wall thickness of 3mm.

[0080] (7) The thickness of the end cover plate, the middle upper cover plate, and the middle lower cover plate is 100 mm. They are made of a sandwich structure. The upper and lower surfaces are 2 mm thick 316L stainless steel, and the core is made of high-density polyurethane material. The number of holes in the upper fixture is 16, with a diameter of 100 mm. The arrangement position corresponds to the specimen installation position. The number of end covers is 2, the number of middle upper covers and the number of middle lower covers are 4 each, and the angle between the contact slope and the upper and lower surfaces is 60°.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] This embodiment provides a marine engineering material corrosion test system, including the marine engineering material corrosion test environment chamber as described in Embodiment 1 or 2.

[0083] like Figure 1-Figure 22 As shown, the test system includes a loading system and an environmental system. The loading system is used to apply corresponding force loads to each sample 200 according to the set test parameter requirements, including slow strain rate tensile loads and cyclic loads. The environmental system is used to form corresponding corrosive medium test environmental conditions according to the set test parameter requirements. The loading system includes a loading bracket 300, a loading device and a controller. The loading bracket 300 is used to provide rigid reaction force support. The loading device and the controller are used to provide slow strain rate tensile loads or cyclic loads to the sample 200; the environmental system includes an environmental box 100, a liquid medium control device 600 and a gas medium control device 700. The environmental box 100 is used to place the sample 200 and can be loaded with liquid medium and gas medium for testing. The liquid medium and gas medium are used to simulate the marine environment; the liquid medium control device 600 is used to control the technical parameters of the liquid medium for testing and transport the liquid medium to the environmental box 100. The gas medium control device 700 is used to control the technical parameters of the gas medium for testing and transport the gas medium to the environmental box 100. In the environmental chamber 100, the marine environment is simulated by combining liquid medium and gas medium, so that corrosion tests can be carried out in batches, which helps to improve the efficiency of the test. In addition, the setting of the high-speed injection assembly 130 can realize the simulation of the working environment under navigation state, which in turn helps to study the corrosion fatigue of the ship plate when the ship is running in batches.

[0084] The applicant has conducted a survey on the typical marine environment in the world, and the results are shown in Table 1. The oxygen content in the global atmosphere is stable at 21%, and the oxygen content in seawater is mainly affected by air pressure. The higher the air pressure, the higher the dissolved oxygen content in seawater. The world can be divided into 7 pressure zones, of which the equator is a low pressure zone and the poles are high pressure zones. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen content in the seawater of the North and South Poles is high and the dissolved oxygen content in the equator is low. Table 2 shows the design of the test environment index of this test system. Based on the survey results of the global marine environment parameters shown in Table 1, the technical parameter index values ​​are set: the salinity index of the liquid medium is 1.0-4.5% NaCl to meet the simulation of the salinity of the global marine environment seawater; considering that the marine engineering structure and the sailing ships will be affected by the slapping and scouring of the waves, the scouring may affect the corrosion behavior of the material. In order to improve the test effect, the flow rate of the liquid medium is monitored as a technical indicator. According to the current speed of the ship, the maximum flow rate of the high-speed spraying liquid medium is set to 20 meters per second.

[0085] Table 1 Global marine environmental parameters

[0086]

[0087] Table 2 Test environment medium indicators

[0088]

[0089] In addition to being related to the environmental medium, the corrosion of marine engineering materials is also mainly related to the mechanical loads they bear. At present, the main corrosion tests, in addition to the simple corrosive medium exposure test, are mainly stress corrosion tests and corrosion fatigue tests. This test system is intended to realize the slow strain rate tensile corrosion test and corrosion fatigue test functions. The specimen form is intended to be mainly round bar specimens. The force load under various loading stress and specimen radius conditions shown in Table 3 can be calculated by formula (1). The table shows that the maximum loading stress that can be achieved when the loading device with a maximum force load of 50kN and a specimen diameter of 3-5mm is 1700MPa (the maximum calculated value of the loading stress is 1768.4MPa), which can cover all the strength grades currently in use and most of the strength grades of marine engineering materials that may be used in the future. Therefore, the maximum force load of this test system is designed to be 50kN; Table 4 shows the setting of load control technical indicators. As an internal control measure, the load control deviation requirements and continuous non-stop operation time requirements of the loading capacity of a single specimen of 200 are improved.

[0090] F=σ·π·r 2 (1)

[0091] Where F is the force load applied to the specimen, σ is the loading stress, and r is the specimen radius.

[0092] Table 3 Calculated force load values ​​under different loading stresses and specimen radii

[0093]

[0094] Table 4 Load control technical index settings

[0095]

[0096] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the loading bracket 300 includes a crossbeam 310, a base 320 and a column 330. The column 330 is arranged between the crossbeam 310 and the base 320. The crossbeam 310 is arranged on the upper side of the column 330, and the base 320 is arranged on the lower side of the column 330. In order to ensure that the loading bracket 300 has sufficient rigidity to reduce the interference between different specimens 200 during the test, the crossbeam 310 and the base 320 are designed as a plate reinforcement structure, that is, a "main board + well-shaped reinforcement plate" structure. The installation position of the loading device and the clamping position of the specimen 200 are respectively located at the cross intersection of the well-shaped reinforcement ribs of the crossbeam 310 and the base 320; the column 330 and the crossbeam 310, and the column 330 and the base 320 are connected and fixed by bolts.

[0097] like Figure 4As shown, the crossbeam 310 includes a first main board 311, a first transverse rib plate 312 and a first longitudinal rib plate 313, the first main board 311 is arranged on the lower side of the first transverse rib plate 312 and the first longitudinal rib plate 313, the first main board 311 is fixedly connected to the column 330, there are more than two first transverse rib plates 312 and the first longitudinal rib plates 313 respectively, and the first transverse rib plates 312 and the first longitudinal rib plates 313 are cross-arranged in a criss-cross shape. In one embodiment, there are four first transverse ribs 312 and four first longitudinal ribs 313, the first main board 311 is 100 mm thick, 1860 mm long and 2070 mm wide, the first transverse ribs 312 and the first longitudinal ribs 313 are 50 mm thick and 500 mm high; the materials of the first main board 311, the first transverse ribs 312 and the first longitudinal ribs 313 can all be steel plates with a yield strength of not less than 235 MPa, the connection method of the first main board 311 and the rib plate (the first transverse rib plate 312 or the first longitudinal rib plate 313), and the connection method of the first transverse rib plate 312 and the first longitudinal rib plate 313 can adopt the welding process of manual welding with welding rods or gas shielded welding, and the welding material needs to match the materials of the first main board 311 and the rib plate. sleeve; symmetrical column mounting holes are processed near the four corners of the first main board 311, and the mounting hole radius is designed to be 56mm (slightly larger than the 55mm radius of the column fastening section 332); loading device mounting holes are processed on the first main board 311 near the intersection of the first transverse rib plate 312 and the first longitudinal rib plate 313 of the tic-tac-toe structure (the size and number of the mounting holes match the technical parameters of the loading device, and 4 mounting holes are preferably designed for each loading device, and the mounting hole radius is 8.5mm). The loading device can be installed under the first main board 311 of the crossbeam at the intersection of the center of the plate thickness of the first transverse rib plate 312 and the first longitudinal rib plate 313 by bolt connection method. Each intersection can be installed with a loading device, and a total of 16 loading devices can be installed. In one of the optional embodiments, the loading device is set in a one-to-one correspondence with the sample 200, and the loading device is an actuator 500, and the actuator 500 is set in a one-to-one correspondence with the sample 200, so that the same or different loads can be applied to different samples 200 in the same test cycle.

[0098] like Figure 5As shown, the base 320 includes a second main board 321, a second transverse rib plate 322 and a second longitudinal rib plate 323. The second main board 321 is arranged on the upper side of the second transverse rib plate 322 and the second longitudinal rib plate 323. The second main board 321 is fixedly connected to the column 330. There are more than two second transverse rib plates 322 and second longitudinal rib plates 323, respectively. The second transverse rib plates 322 and second longitudinal rib plates 323 are arranged crosswise in a tic-tac-toe shape. In one embodiment, the second main board 321 has a thickness of 120 mm, a length of 1860 mm, and a width of 2070 mm. The second transverse rib plate 322 and second longitudinal rib plate 323 have a thickness of 50 mm and a height of 500 mm. The materials of the second main board 321 and the rib plate (the second transverse rib plate 322 and the second longitudinal rib plate 323) of the base are the same as those of the crossbeam 310. The connection method between the second main board 321 and the rib plate, and between the second transverse rib plate 322 and the second longitudinal rib plate 323 can also adopt the welding process of manual welding with welding rods or gas shielded welding. Symmetrical column mounting holes are processed near the four corners of the second main board 321, and the mounting hole radius is designed to be 56 mm; four T-shaped slots 324 for clamping the sample 200 are processed on the surface of the second main board 321 opposite to the beam 310, and the center line of the T-shaped slot 324 coincides with the thickness center plane of the second longitudinal rib plate 323 on the opposite surface; at the same time, four anchor bolt mounting holes are processed at each of the four corners of the second main board 321 of the base, and the hole diameter matches the anchor bolt (recommended specification is M16); when the base 320 is installed, a heat insulation layer is set between it and the foundation.

[0099] like Figure 6 As shown, the column 330 includes a cylindrical support section 331, a cylindrical fastening section 332 with external threads, and a fastening nut 333 matching the threads of the fastening section 332. The support section 331 has a diameter of 180 mm and mainly bears the load; the fastening section 332 has a diameter of 110 mm, and there are two fastening sections 332, which are respectively inserted into the base 320 and the crossbeam 310, so that the column 330, the base 320 and the crossbeam 310 form a rigid frame structure together. The column 330 is made of steel bars or forgings with a yield strength of not less than 235 MPa.

[0100] The applicant analyzed the load-bearing capacity of the loading bracket 300, wherein the load-bearing capacity of the beam 310 and the base 320 of the loading bracket 300 was analyzed using the linear elastic finite element method, and the column 330 was directly analyzed using analytical calculations. The Mises equivalent stress and deformation displacement calculation formulas are shown in equations (2) and (3), respectively. The material is set to low-alloy structural steel (the elastic modulus is set to 210 GPa, and the Poisson's ratio is set to 0.3). Based on the symmetry of the beam 310 and the base 320, a 1 / 4 structure is selected for analysis, and the maximum loading force of a single actuator 500 is set to 50 kN. The analysis results of the load-bearing capacity of the beam 310 and the base 320 when the four central actuators 500 are fully loaded at the same time are shown in Figure 2. Figure 7 As shown in Table 5, the overall bearing capacity of the loading bracket 300 is shown in Table 5: the maximum values ​​of the Mises equivalent stresses borne by the beam 310 and the base 320 are 28.5MPa and 78.9MPa, respectively, both located at the loading point, and the ratios to the minimum value of the material yield strength (235MPa) are 12.13% and 33.57%, respectively, both far below the minimum value of the yield strength; the maximum displacements of the loading points of the beam 310 and the base 320 in the loading direction (i.e., z direction) are 0.028mm and 0.036mm, respectively, and the maximum interference displacements of the adjacent loading points are 0.025mm and 0.024mm, respectively; from formula (3), it can be calculated that the deformation displacement of the column 330 is 0.015mm when the four central actuators 500 are fully loaded at the same time; thus, it can be calculated that the maximum deformation displacement of the entire loading bracket 300 is 0.079mm when the four central actuators 500 are fully loaded at the same time, and the interference displacement of the adjacent loading points is 0.064mm. It can be roughly calculated that when one actuator 500 is fully loaded, the interference displacement of adjacent loading points is about 0.016mm. In the actual use of the test machine, the full load operation of the actuator 500 is an extreme case. The commonly used maximum load of the actuator 500 is about 60% of the design range, that is, the commonly used maximum loading force of a single actuator 500 is about 30kN. According to the above analysis results, a simple conversion can be obtained that when the loading force of a single actuator 500 is 30kN, the interference displacement of adjacent loading points is about 0.010mm.

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, is the Mises equivalent stress of the column support section; v is the stress in the z direction (bearing direction) of the column support section; 柱 is the deformation of the column; L 柱 F is the length of the column support section; 柱 is the force load borne by a single column; r 柱 is the radius of the column support section; E is the elastic modulus of the column material (the elastic modulus of steel is set to 210000 MPa).

[0103] Table 5 Analysis of the load capacity of the loading bracket when the four central actuators are fully loaded at the same time

[0104]

[0105] The load capacity analysis results of the beam 310 and the base 320 when all the actuators 500 simultaneously apply the maximum load force (i.e., fully loaded at the same time) are as follows: Figure 8 The overall bearing capacity of the loading bracket 300 is shown in Table 6: the maximum values ​​of the Mises equivalent stress borne by the beam 310 and the base 320 are 106.1MPa and 80.2MPa, respectively, both located at the connection angle between the cross rib plate and the main board near the column mounting hole, and the ratios to the minimum yield strength of the material selected in the design (235MPa) are 45.15% and 34.13%, respectively, both lower than half of the minimum yield strength; the maximum displacements of the beam 310 and the base 320 in the loading direction (i.e., z direction) are 0.09 3mm and 0.097mm; from formula (4), it can be calculated that the deformation (i.e., displacement) of the column 330 when all actuators 500 are fully loaded at the same time is 0.060mm; thus, it can be calculated that the maximum deformation displacement of the loading bracket 300 as a whole when all actuators 500 are fully loaded at the same time is 0.250mm (i.e., the sum of the deformation displacements of the beam 310, the base 320, and the column 330). Thus, according to formula (4), it can be estimated that when 15 actuators 500 are fully loaded at the same time, the interference displacement of the remaining actuator 500 is approximately 0.234mm. In actual use of the testing machine, the maximum load value of the commonly used actuator 500 is about 30kN. When 15 actuators 500 apply a loading force of 30kN at the same time, the interference displacement generated on the remaining loading point is about 0.140mm. In fact, it is unlikely that the 15 actuators 500 will reach the commonly used maximum load value at the same time. A rough estimate is made as follows: when 16 actuators 500 perform loading actions of different frequencies and different load values ​​at the same time, assuming that any actuator 500 is interfered by the other 15 actuators 500, which is equivalent to the other 15 actuators 500 reaching half of the commonly used maximum load value at the same time, the interference displacement is estimated to be about 0.070mm.

[0106]

[0107] Among them, v 干扰 v is the interference displacement of any actuator caused by the other 15 actuators; 梁 is the deformation of the beam; v 座 is the deformation of the base.

[0108] Table 6 Analysis of the load capacity of the loading bracket when all actuators are fully loaded

[0109]

[0110] The above analysis results show that the loading bracket 300 maintains an elastic deformation state within the designed load range and has good structural rigidity.

[0111] The actuator 500 is a device installed on the loading bracket 300 and applies a corresponding load to the sample 200 according to the set load control requirements. When the actuator 500 applies a force load to the sample 200, the loading bracket 300 provides rigid support for the actuator 500. Fig. 9 The figure shows the clamping diagram of the actuator 500 and the sample 200: the actuator 500 is installed on the crossbeam 310 of the loading bracket 300 by bolt connection; the round rod-shaped sample (such as Fig.10 The two ends of the sample 200 are connected to the actuator 500 through a clamp assembly 400, wherein the clamp assembly 400 includes a first clamp 410, a second clamp 420, a third clamp 430, a fourth clamp 440, a fifth clamp 450, and a positioning block 460. One end of the sample 200 is connected to the first clamp 410 (as shown in FIG. Fig.11 The first clamp 410 is inserted into the second clamp 420 (as shown) by threaded connection. Fig.12 As shown), the contact surfaces of the two are designed to be spherical so that the actuator 500 can realize the automatic centering function during the loading process; the upper end of the sample 200 passes through the first clamp 410, the second clamp 420 and the third clamp 430 (as shown Fig.13 The lower end of the sample 200 is connected to the screw rod of the actuator 500 by a first clamp 410, a second clamp 420 and a fourth clamp 440 (as shown in FIG. Fig.14 ) is connected to the base 320 by a card slot, and at the same time, a fifth clamp 450 (as shown Fig.15 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the fourth clamp 440 connected to the T-shaped slot 324 on the base 320 is locked; in order to achieve rapid positioning of the sample 200 during installation, a positioning block 460 (as shown in FIG. 4) that can be matched with the fourth clamp 440 is provided. Fig.16 During the testing machine debugging phase, the positioning block 460 is installed in the T-shaped slot 324 of the base 320 (as shown in FIG. Fig.17 To achieve the application of the "tension-compression" alternating load, when installing the sample 200, the third clamp 430 and the fourth clamp 440 need to be in contact with the end of the sample 200 and a certain pre-tightening force needs to be applied to achieve a locking effect, so as to avoid the problem of the sample 200 not being able to apply the load when it is subjected to the "tension-compression" alternating load.

[0112] Among them, Figure 11-Figure 15As shown, the first clamp 410 is arranged in a nut shape and is used for being threadedly connected with the end of the sample 200. The second clamp 420 is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting hole is communicated with the mounting groove in the second clamp 420. The end of the sample 200 passes through the connecting hole and enters the mounting groove, and is threadedly connected with the first clamp 410 sleeved in the mounting groove. The end of the mounting groove away from the connecting hole is provided with a first internal thread, and the first internal thread is used to connect with the third clamp 430 or the fourth clamp 440. One end of the third clamp 430 is provided with a first external thread. The other end is provided with a second internal thread, the first external thread is used to connect with the first internal thread to realize the fixed connection between the second fixture 420 and the third fixture 430, the second internal thread is used to be fixedly connected with the output shaft of the actuator 500 to realize the loading of the sample 200, the fourth fixture 440 includes a threaded section and a seat plate, the threaded section is provided on the seat plate, and the end of the threaded section away from the seat plate is connected with the first internal thread, and the fifth fixture 450 is provided in a nut shape, and is used to cooperate with the threaded section to fix the fourth fixture 440 with the base 320. Among them, a V-shaped protrusion is provided on the fourth fixture 440, and the V-shaped protrusion is used to cooperate with the positioning block 460 for positioning.

[0113] like Fig.16 , Fig.17 As shown, at least one blind hole 461 is respectively provided near the two ends of the positioning block 460, a positioning screw hole 462 is provided near the center of the positioning block 460, and a V-shaped groove 463 is provided on one side of the positioning block 460. The V-shaped groove 463 is used to cooperate with the V-shaped protrusion for positioning, so as to facilitate the rapid positioning and installation of the fourth clamp 440. A positioning screw 470 is provided in the positioning screw hole 462, and the end of the positioning screw 470 abuts against the bottom of the T-shaped slot 324. A compression spring is provided in the blind hole 461. Spring 480, one end of the compression spring 480 abuts against the bottom surface of the blind hole 461, and the other end abuts against the inner folded edge of the T-shaped slot 324. When the positioning block 460 is installed, the positioning screw 470 is rotated. Since its end abuts against the bottom of the T-shaped slot 324, under the action of the internal thread of the positioning screw hole 462, the positioning block 460 moves away from the bottom of the T-shaped slot 324. At this time, the compression spring 480 is compressed, and the positioning block 460 is positioned under the dual opposite forces of the positioning screw 470 and the compression spring 480.

[0114] According to the design requirements of this test system, the actuator 500 needs to realize the slow strain rate stretching function and the cyclic loading function. The main technical parameters that need to be considered in the slow strain rate stretching test include the maximum load force and the tensile strain rate. Referring to the currently commonly used slow strain rate stretching test machine, the stretching rate of this test system is designed to be 10 -3 S -1 ~10 -7S -1 In addition to the peak load, the main technical parameters that need to be considered in the cyclic loading test include loading frequency and displacement amplitude. In theory, the lower the loading frequency, the more significant the corrosion effect. However, too low a loading frequency will lead to problems such as long test time and high test cost. Table 7 shows the relationship between the cyclic loading frequency and the test time. Referring to the commonly used loading frequency of corrosion fatigue test, the design loading frequency of this test system is 0.1-5Hz. The displacement amplitude during cyclic loading is related to the specimen length and the loading stress amplitude. Table 8 shows the correlation data between the displacement amplitude and the loading stress amplitude when the parallel section length of the specimen is 150mm (assuming that the deformation is concentrated in the parallel section of the specimen). According to the current and foreseeable research on marine engineering materials, the loading stress amplitude will not be higher than 1000MPa. Under this condition, the displacement amplitude is not greater than 0.714mm. Considering a certain test margin, the maximum displacement amplitude under cyclic loading is designed to be not less than 0.75mm.

[0115] Table 7 Correlation between cyclic loading frequency and test duration

[0116]

[0117] Table 8 Correlation between displacement amplitude and loading stress amplitude

[0118] Stress amplitude, MPa 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Displacement amplitude, mm 0.071 0.143 0.214 0.286 0.357 0.429 0.500 0.571 0.643 0.714

[0119] There is bound to be mutual interference between different actuators 500 installed on the same loading bracket 300. This test system mainly adopts the following measures to solve this problem: the stiffness of the loading bracket 300 is increased as much as possible. The design data of the aforementioned loading bracket 300 shows that the loading bracket 300 designed under the conditions of currently controllable manufacturing technology difficulty and acceptable manufacturing cost already has very high structural stiffness, which can effectively eliminate mutual interference between different actuators 500.

[0120] At present, the actuator 500 used in the dedicated slow strain rate tensile corrosion tester is a servo-controlled electric cylinder. The actuator 500 that can be used in the fatigue tester includes two types: servo-controlled hydraulic cylinder and servo-controlled electric cylinder. Within the technical parameter design range of this test system, the cost performance of the servo-controlled electric cylinder is higher than that of the servo-controlled hydraulic cylinder, and the use of the servo-controlled electric cylinder can take into account both the slow strain rate tensile corrosion test and the corrosion fatigue test. Therefore, the actuator 500 of this test system is preferably a servo-controlled electric cylinder. According to the above-determined test system technical parameter design values, the technical parameter requirements of the servo-controlled electric cylinder are determined (as shown in Table 9).

[0121] Table 9 Technical parameter requirements of servo control electric cylinder

[0122] Serial number Technology Name Technical requirements 1 Load control type Constant load, slow strain rate tensile load, alternating cyclic load 2 Overall dimensions Height <1185mm; Section length <300mm; Section width <300mm 3 Maximum stroke ≥100mm 4 Maximum displacement amplitude ≥0.75mm 5 Maximum static test force ≥50kN 6 Maximum dynamic test force ≥±50kN 7 Test force measurement range 1-100% FS 8 Static measurement accuracy ≤ ±0.5% of indicated value 9 Dynamic measurement accuracy ≤ ±2% of indicated value 10 Loading frequency 0.1-5HZ 11 Continuous working time of actuator ≥≥360 hours

[0123] As a container for test media, the environmental chamber 100 needs to have sealing, heat preservation, and circulation functions. The environmental chamber 100 is set on the base 320, and all the vertical plates are installed on the base 320 by screw connection to facilitate disassembly and assembly; the environmental chamber 100 is isolated into 4 independent chambers by partitions (installed on the base 320 or the bottom plate of the environmental chamber 100 by screw connection); to form a stable environmental medium flow field, each chamber is provided with inlet and outlet pipelines for liquid medium and gas medium; the upper cover assembly 120 is designed as a strip-shaped movable plate with a sample loading hole. During the test, the upper cover assembly 120 is installed and sealed after the sample 200 is installed; the vertical plates and the upper cover assembly 120 of the environmental chamber 100 can also be a composite structure with an inner layer of anti-corrosion steel plate and an outer layer of insulation material; in order to ensure anti-corrosion sealing, the bottom plate of the environmental chamber is covered with an anti-corrosion rubber pad 325, and the fixture assembly 400 is installed with an anti-corrosion rubber sleeve (such as Fig.19 As shown, the anti-corrosion rubber sleeve includes an upper sealing sleeve 220 and a lower sealing sleeve 230, and the inner layer of the environmental chamber vertical plate is subjected to relevant anti-corrosion treatment; the interior of the entire environmental chamber 100 is well sealed. The volume of the environmental chamber 100 is about 0.58m 3 .

[0124] The above-mentioned environmental chamber 100 can only support the test of the liquid medium at a relatively low flow rate. When the flow rate of the liquid medium is high, the anti-corrosion rubber sleeve will not be able to withstand the high pressure brought by the high-flow liquid medium. Therefore, when conducting a high-flow liquid medium test, it is necessary to install a high-speed injection assembly 130 and equip it with a corresponding flow rate control device to directly perform high-speed showering on the sample 200 other than the anti-corrosion rubber sleeve (such as Fig. 20 shown).

[0125] The liquid medium control device 600 is mainly used for real-time adjustment of the temperature, salinity, oxygen content, and volume of the liquid medium in the environmental chamber 100 and for circulating the liquid. Its various technical parameters must meet the requirements shown in Table 2. Fig.21The figure shows a split-type solution of the structure of the liquid medium control device 600: the liquid medium control device 600 includes three parts: a lower box body 620, an upper box body 610 and a first box cover (not shown in the figure); the lower box body 620 is connected to the environmental box 100, at least two sets of heat exchangers 621 are placed inside, and at least two sets of injection pumps are connected to the outside, and the injection pump injects liquid into the liquid box through the injection hole 622 on the side wall of the liquid box (including the upper box body 610 and / or the lower box body 620); the side wall of the liquid box is provided with a reflux hole 623, a drainage hole 630, and an oxygen injection hole 624, the reflux hole 623 is used for the reflux of the liquid medium in the environmental box 100, the drainage hole 630 is used to discharge the liquid in the liquid box, and the oxygen injection hole 624 is used to inject oxygen or air into the liquid box; at least two sets of parameter sensors 660 (including salinity, temperature, oxygen content) are installed inside the liquid box to detect the environmental parameters in the liquid box. The upper box 610 is mainly used to adjust the salinity of the liquid medium in the lower box 620. It is divided into two sub-boxes. One is a high-concentration salt water tank 680. A salt water solenoid valve 640 is set between the upper box 610 and the lower box 620 to control the amount of high-concentration salt water injected into the lower box 620. The other is a fresh water tank. A fresh water solenoid valve 650 is set between the upper box 610 and the lower box 620 to control the amount of fresh water injected into the lower box 620. At least two sets of liquid level sensors 670 are installed in each of the two sub-boxes to detect the liquid level in the liquid tank. The volume of the lower box 620 is 3 to 5 times the volume of the environmental box 100.

[0126] The gas medium control device 700 mainly plays the role of real-time adjustment of temperature and humidity and circulation of gas, and its various technical parameters must meet the requirements shown in Table 2. Fig. 22 As shown, the gas medium control device 700 includes a gas box 710, two or more temperature adjustment devices 714 (such as air conditioning systems), two or more oxygen filling devices, two or more humidification devices, a gas medium circulation loop connected to the environmental box 100, and two or more temperature sensors 717, humidity sensors 718, and oxygen content sensors 719, and at least one ventilation inlet 715 and ventilation outlet 716 are arranged on the side. Among them, the oxygen filling device is connected to the gas injection port 711 arranged on the side wall, the humidification device is connected to the humidification hole 713 arranged on the side wall, and the circulation loop is connected to the return air port 712 arranged on the side wall. The volume of the gas box 710 is 3 to 5 times the volume of the environmental box 100.

[0127] It should be noted that all the terms used in the present invention for directional and positional indications, such as: "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "top", "low", "tail end", "head end", "center", etc., are only used to explain the relative position relationship, connection status, etc. between the components in a certain state, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than requiring the present invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme in which both A and B are satisfied.

[0128] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0129] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An environmental chamber for corrosion testing of marine engineering materials, characterized in that: The environmental chamber (100) comprises a box body (110) and an upper cover assembly (120), wherein the upper cover assembly (120) is arranged on the upper part of the box body (110), and the box body (110) and the upper cover assembly (120) cooperate and seal to form a chamber required for a corrosion test, wherein a corrosion medium test environment condition is formed in the chamber, and at least two specimens (200) can be arranged in the chamber. The environmental chamber (100) further comprises a high-speed injection assembly (130), wherein the high-speed injection assembly (130) is arranged corresponding to the specimen (200) and is used to inject a high-speed test medium onto the surface of the specimen (200), wherein the test medium comprises a liquid medium and / or a gas medium.

2. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed injection assembly (130) comprises a high-pressure mass inlet pipeline (131), a high-pressure medium pipeline (132) and a high-speed medium nozzle (133). The first end of the high-pressure mass inlet pipeline (131) is connected to a medium source outside the environmental chamber (100), and the second end is connected to the high-pressure medium pipeline (132) for conveying a test medium provided by the medium source to the high-pressure medium pipeline (132). The high-pressure medium pipeline (132) is arranged in the chamber. The high-speed medium nozzle (133) is connected to the high-pressure medium pipeline (132), and the high-speed medium nozzle (133) is arranged corresponding to the sample (200) for spraying the high-pressure test medium at a high speed toward the sample (200).

3. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each sample (200) is provided with one or more high-speed medium nozzles (133).

4. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When more than two high-speed medium nozzles (133) are provided corresponding to the sample (200), the high-speed medium nozzles (133) are evenly distributed around the radial direction of the sample (200).

5. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more lower fixture through holes (111) are arranged on the bottom plate of the box body (110), and one or more upper fixture through holes (124) are correspondingly arranged on the upper cover assembly (120). The lower fixture through holes (111) and the upper fixture through holes (124) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and a sample (200) and / or a fixture assembly (400) is arranged between any corresponding group of lower fixture through holes (111) and upper fixture through holes (124).

6. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 5, characterized in that: An upper sealing sleeve (220) is arranged near the upper end of the sample (200), the first end sealing sleeve of the upper sealing sleeve (220) is arranged on the outer periphery of the sample (200), the second end of the upper sealing sleeve (220) is arranged with a skirt extending outwardly in the circumferential direction, the skirt is used to cooperate and seal with the upper surface of the upper cover assembly (120), a lower sealing sleeve (230) is arranged near the lower end of the sample (200), an upwardly protruding flange (112) is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate around the circumference of the lower fixture through hole (111), the first end sealing sleeve of the lower sealing sleeve (230) is arranged on the sample (200), and the second end sealing sleeve of the lower sealing sleeve (230) is arranged on the flange (112).

7. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper sealing sleeve (220) and the lower sealing sleeve (230) are made of a material that is inert to test environment conditions and has a certain degree of elasticity.

8. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper cover assembly (120) comprises an end cover plate (121) and a middle cover assembly. Two end cover plates (121) are provided and are respectively provided at two ends of the upper cover assembly (120). There is more than one middle cover assembly and the middle cover assembly is provided between the two end cover plates (121). The middle cover assembly comprises a middle upper cover plate (122) and a middle lower cover plate (123). The middle upper cover plate (122) and the middle lower cover plate (123) cooperate with each other through an inclined surface (125) to form the middle cover assembly. The upper clamp is provided between the end cover plate (121) and the middle upper cover plate (122) through a hole (124), and / or the upper clamp is provided between the end cover plate (121) and the middle lower cover plate (123) through a hole (124), and / or the upper clamp is provided between the middle upper cover plate (122) and the middle lower cover plate (123) through a hole (124).

9. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the inclined surface (125) is between 45° and 75°.

10. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (110) and the upper cover assembly (120) are both sandwich structures, the surface in contact with the test environment is made of a material that is inert to the test environment conditions, and the core is made of a heat-insulating material.

11. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed injection assembly (130) is made of a material that is inert to test environment conditions.

12. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the lower part of the side wall of the box body (110), one or more liquid inlet pipelines (140) and at least one liquid outlet pipeline (150) are arranged. The liquid inlet pipeline (140) is used to transport a liquid medium for corrosion testing into the chamber, and the liquid outlet pipeline (150) is used to discharge the liquid medium in the chamber.

13. The environmental chamber for marine engineering material corrosion testing according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: At the upper portion of the side wall of the box body (110), one or more air inlet pipelines (160) and at least one air outlet pipeline (170) are arranged; the air inlet pipeline (160) is used to transport a gas medium for corrosion testing into the chamber, and the air outlet pipeline (170) is used to discharge the gas medium in the chamber.

14. A marine engineering material corrosion test system, characterized in that: It comprises an environmental chamber for corrosion testing of marine engineering materials as described in any one of claims 1-13.

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