Cultivation frame capable of automatically adjusting interlayer spacing for plant factory

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a cultivation frame capable of automatically adjusting interlayer spacing and used for a plant factory, and aims to solve the problem that plants are prone to lodging without supports after growing tall when the plants are cultivated in a water culture mode in the plant factory. Sliding blocks are arranged on the two sides of a containing table. A guide rail is arranged on the stand column, and the containing tables are slidably connected into the guide rail through sliding blocks. A cultivation cover is arranged on the top surface of the cultivation box, and a plurality of cultivation holes are formed in the cultivation cover; the guide component is connected with the guide rail; the limiting assembly is arranged in the cultivation cover; the guide assembly can control any placement table to slide along the guide rails to change the distance between the adjacent placement tables, and the limiting assembly can control the cultivation cover to move up and down in the height direction of the cultivation box to change the limiting height of plants. Along with the growth of the plants, the limiting height of the plants can be adjusted by adjusting the heights of the cultivation cover and the limiting assembly, and the situation that the plants lodging due to no supporting force when growing too high can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting layer spacing for a plant factory. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern agriculture, plant factories, as an efficient and sustainable agricultural production model, have gradually become an important way to solve the problems of food and ornamental green plant production. Plant factories can grow plants in a closed space by controlling environmental factors (such as light, temperature, humidity, gas composition, etc.), and provide growth conditions suitable for different plants through precise regulation. However, since most plants cultivated in plant factories use soilless cultivation technology and there is no soil support and fixation, problems such as insufficient root growth space and plant lodging will occur.

[0003] In a soilless cultivation system, plants are fed by culture solution and lack the support of soil, which makes the roots and stems of plants easily compressed or lose support, thus affecting their healthy growth. For example, during the rapid growth of plants, the stems may tilt or fall over due to lack of sufficient support, which may cause the growth of the plants to stagnate or die in severe cases. In addition, since plants will continue to increase in height during growth, and the spacing between the layers of the cultivation rack is generally fixed, it is impossible to dynamically adjust the spacing between the layers of the cultivation rack according to the growth of the plants. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the cultivation racks of a plant factory cannot be adjusted and moved and the plants are prone to fall over without support after growth. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the layer spacing for use in a plant factory is provided, which can adjust the layer spacing of the cultivation rack according to the current growth status of the plants on the cultivation rack and support the plants.

[0005] A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting layer spacing for use in a plant factory, comprising: A plurality of placing tables, with a plurality of sliding blocks disposed on both sides of the placing tables; A plurality of columns, wherein a guide rail is provided on one side of the columns along the height direction, and a plurality of the placement tables are slidably connected in the guide rail via a slider, and there is always a spacing between any adjacent placement tables; A cultivation box, wherein the cultivation box is arranged on the top surface of the placement table, a cultivation cover is arranged on the top surface of the cultivation box, a plurality of cultivation holes are opened on the cultivation cover, a water injection hole is opened on one side of the cultivation box, a water pipe is arranged on the column, a plurality of branch pipes are connected to the water pipe, and the plurality of branch pipes are respectively connected to the water injection holes; A guide assembly, the guide assembly is arranged on the placement table and connected to the guide rail; A limiting component, wherein the limiting component is arranged in the cultivation cover; Among them, the water pipe is used to inject culture solution into several of the cultivation boxes through branch pipes, the cultivation boxes are used to cultivate plants, the culture holes are used to limit the plants, the guide component can control any of the placement platforms to slide along the guide rail to change the distance between adjacent placement platforms, and the limiting component can control the cultivation cover to move up and down along the height direction of the cultivation box to change the limiting height of the plants.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the cultivated plants can be placed in the cultivation box with the stems exposed outside the cultivation holes. As the plants grow, the placement platform of this layer is adjusted by the guide component to change the spacing between adjacent placement platforms. The limit height of the plants can also be adjusted by adjusting the height of the cultivation cover and the limit component, which can effectively prevent the plants from falling over due to lack of support when they grow too high.

[0007] In some optional technical solutions, the guide assembly includes an electric element, a connecting shaft and a first screw rod, the slider is provided with a groove along the height direction of the cultivation box, the electric element is arranged in the groove, the connecting shaft and the output end of the electric element are transmission connected, the first screw rod and the connecting shaft are connected, the guide rail is provided with an internal thread that is threadably connected to the first screw rod, the diameters of the slider and the connecting shaft are smaller than the diameter of the first screw rod, and a bearing is provided between the connecting shaft and the electric element.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the power element drives the first screw to rotate through the connecting shaft, and the first screw is rotatably connected in the guide rail, which can drive the placement table to rise or fall, and the self-locking function of the threaded connection can ensure that the placement table will not fall or slip.

[0009] In some optional technical solutions, a bracket is provided on one side of the placement platform along the length direction, and two ends of the bracket are respectively connected to a slider on one side of the placement platform in the length direction.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the bracket is used to enhance the load-bearing strength of the placement table.

[0011] In some optional technical solutions, the limiting assembly includes a lifting plate and a plurality of support bars, the top surface of the cultivation cover is provided with a receiving groove, the lifting plate and the support bars are located in the receiving groove, the plurality of support bars are symmetrically and linearly arrayed along the length direction of the lifting plate, and each support bar corresponds to an adjacent culture hole.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the lifting plate drives the support bars to rise or fall, and the support bars can support the stems of the plants to prevent them from falling over.

[0013] In some optional technical solutions, a claw is provided at one end of the support bar away from the lifting plate, the claw is in an arc-shaped structure, and the culture hole is located at the center of the claw.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the claws are ring-shaped, which can better support the stems of the plants and prevent the plants from tilting or falling over significantly.

[0015] In some optional technical solutions, the clamping claws are hinged to the support bar at both ends along the width direction of the support bar.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the claws are hingedly arranged so as to adjust the opening size according to the thickness of the plant stems.

[0017] In some optional technical solutions, a first through hole is provided at one end of the cultivation box along the length direction, a second through hole is provided at one end of the cultivation cover close to the first through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole are connected, a bottom surface of the accommodating groove close to the second through hole is rotatably connected to a rotating drum downward, a top surface of the lifting plate close to the second through hole is provided with a jack downward, a second screw is rotatably connected in the rotating drum, a second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second screw, the second bevel gear is transmission-connected to the first bevel gear, a rotating wheel is rotatably connected to one side of the accommodating groove close to the second through hole, a support rod connected to the end face of the first bevel gear is provided on the rotating wheel, a connecting rod is provided in the first through hole, the connecting rod is connected to the center of the first bevel gear, a handle is provided at one end of the connecting rod away from the first bevel gear, a spring support column is provided at one end of the accommodating groove opposite to the rotating drum, the top surface of the spring support column is connected to the bottom surface of the lifting plate, and the lowest point of the first through hole is much higher than the maximum liquid level of the culture solution in the cultivation box.

[0018] In the above technical solution, when adjusting the height of the lifting plate, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear can be controlled to rotate by turning the handle, and the second screw can be driven to rotate. The second screw is threadedly connected to the jack on the lifting plate. The forward and reverse rotation of the second screw can control the rise or fall of the lifting plate to change the limit height of the plant.

[0019] In some optional technical solutions, an isolation cylinder is provided in the middle of the cultivation box, a micro cylinder is provided in the isolation cylinder, and an output end of the micro cylinder is connected to the bottom surface of the cultivation cover.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the micro cylinder can adjust the height of the cultivation cover and adjust the limiting height of the cultivation hole to the plant.

[0021] In some optional technical solutions, it also includes a control unit, a distance sensor arranged on the placement table, a liquid level sensor arranged in the cultivation box, an environmental sensor and a force sensor arranged on the clamping claw, wherein the distance sensor, the liquid level sensor, the environmental sensor and the force sensor are electrically connected to the control unit, and the environmental sensor is arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate; Among them, the distance measuring sensor is used to monitor the distance between adjacent placement platforms, the liquid level sensor is used to monitor the height of the culture solution in the cultivation box, and inject water into the cultivation box through the control unit using a water pipe, the environmental sensor is used to monitor the temperature, humidity and light conditions of the placement platform, and the force sensor is used to monitor the pressure and support force of the plant on the claws.

[0022] In some optional technical solutions, the control unit is used to receive feedback data from the distance sensor, the liquid level sensor, the environmental sensor and the force sensor in real time, and predict and determine the growth status of the plant on the placement table through a machine learning algorithm; The total distance between the placement table and the top adjacent placement table is set to H. tn , set the predetermined height of the plant placement platform to H zn , then the remaining height h between the placement table and the top adjacent placement table is: h=H tn -H zn , n represents the number of layers of the placement table; Set the remaining height threshold between the control unit placement platform and the top adjacent placement platform to h min , the maximum distance between adjacent placement platforms is H tmax , when h is less than h min When the distance between adjacent placement platforms is equal to the limit distance H, the power element is controlled to adjust the height of the placement platform. tmax When the position of the output end of the micro cylinder is adjusted, the cultivation cover is driven to move upward; The control unit obtains plant information, including variety information and plant height, through a machine learning algorithm, and receives feedback data from a force sensor and a distance sensor, controls the lifting plate to move upward, and limits the stem of the plant through the claws.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. In the process of cultivating plants, the plant factory cultivation rack of the present invention increases in height as the plants grow. The height of the placement platform on the layer where the plants are located can be controlled by electric components, and the spacing between adjacent placement platforms can be flexibly adjusted to provide sufficient space for the growth of plants. 2. In the present invention, the limit height of the plant can also be adjusted by the micro cylinder and the lifting plate. After the hydroponic plants grow taller, they are easy to fall over without support. The micro cylinder can adjust the limit height of the plant by the culture hole, and the lifting plate can adjust the limit height of the plant by the claw. The two limit methods limit the plant together to prevent the plant from falling over during growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the M in the middle; Figure 4 An exploded view of the cultivation box, cultivation cover and lifting plate in the present invention; Figure 5 The cross-sectional view of the cultivation box, cultivation cover and lifting plate in the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A local enlarged view of the N position in the middle; Figure 7 The cross-sectional view of the cultivation box, cultivation cover and lifting plate in the present invention Figure 2 .

[0025] The reference numerals represent: 1. Column; 11. Guide rail; 2. Placement table; 21. Slider; 22. Power element; 23. Connecting shaft; 24. First screw; 3. Cultivation box; 31. Isolation cylinder; 4. Cultivation cover; 41. Cultivation hole; 42. Receiving groove; 5. Lifting plate; 51. Socket; 6. Claw; 61. Support bar; 7. Second screw; 71. First bevel gear; 72. Second bevel gear; 73. Rotating cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. The schematic implementation modes and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is already in the actual development and use stage. Example 1

[0027] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the layer spacing for use in a plant factory, comprising: A plurality of placing tables 2, with a plurality of sliders 21 disposed on both sides of the placing tables 2; A plurality of columns 1, one side of the columns 1 along the height direction is provided with a guide rail 11, a plurality of placement tables 2 are slidably connected in the guide rail 11 through a slider 21, and there is always a spacing between any adjacent placement tables 2; A cultivation box 3 is arranged on the top surface of the placement table 2, a cultivation cover 4 is arranged on the top surface of the cultivation box 3, a plurality of cultivation holes 41 are opened on the cultivation cover 4, a water injection hole is opened on one side of the cultivation box 3, a water pipe is arranged on the column 1, a plurality of branch pipes are connected to the water pipe, and the plurality of branch pipes are respectively connected to the water injection holes; A guide assembly, which is arranged on the placement table 2 and connected to the guide rail 11; A limiting component, which is arranged in the cultivation cover 4; Among them, the water pipe is used to inject culture solution into several cultivation boxes 3 through the branch pipe. The cultivation boxes 3 are used to cultivate plants. The culture holes 41 are used to limit the plants. The guide component can control any placement platform 2 to slide along the guide rail 11 to change the distance between adjacent placement platforms 2. The limiting component can control the cultivation cover 4 to move up and down along the height direction of the cultivation box 3 to change the limiting height of the plant.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the guide assembly includes an electric element 22, a connecting shaft 23 and a first screw 24. The slider 21 is provided with a groove along the height direction of the cultivation box 3. The electric element 22 is arranged in the groove, and the connecting shaft 23 and the output end of the electric element 22 are transmission-connected. The first screw 24 is connected to the connecting shaft 23. An internal thread that is threadedly connected to the first screw 24 is provided in the guide rail 11. The diameters of the slider 21 and the connecting shaft 23 are smaller than the diameter of the first screw 24. A bearing is provided between the connecting shaft 23 and the electric element 22.

[0029] A bracket is provided on one side of the placement platform 2 along the length direction, and two ends of the bracket are respectively connected to a slider 21 on one side of the placement platform 2 in the length direction.

[0030] Specifically, when cultivating plants, the plant factory places the plant seedlings in the cultivation box 3 through the cultivation holes 41. The cultivation box 3 is filled with culture solution to achieve soilless cultivation. The roots of the plants are located in the cultivation box 3, and the stems and leaves of the plants are located above the cultivation holes 41. The plant factory is an indoor environment that can adjust temperature, light and humidity to help plants grow scientifically.

[0031] During the growth of plants, the roots will become more and more and the length of the roots will increase, and the stems will grow taller and thicker at the same time. In order to provide growth space for each layer of plants and avoid the top of the plants being oppressed by the upper placement platform 2, which will cause plant deformity and affect growth, the placement platform 2 can be controlled to rise or fall by starting the power element 22. Preferably, the power element 22 can be a micro motor, a motor, etc., and the cultivation box 3 is provided with a switch for controlling the start and reversal of the power element 22. In the present invention, the number of layers of the plurality of placement platforms 2 sliding on the column 1 is counted from bottom to top, that is, the bottommost placement platform 2 is the first layer, and the upper layers are the second layer, the third layer, etc. The following example will be used to illustrate the adjustment method of the placement platform 2: When different plants are cultivated on the same cultivation rack in the plant factory, such as the first-layer placement table 2 cultivates plant variety A, and the second-layer placement table 2 cultivates plant variety B, it should be noted that the plant varieties on the same layer of placement tables 2 should be kept consistent. If the plants on the second layer need to be adjusted due to height growth, the first-layer placement table 2 can be adjusted to slide downward first, and then the second layer can be controlled to slide downward, so that the distance between the second and third layers of the placement tables 2 is increased, and the third layer of the placement table 2 can also be directly adjusted to move upward. Preferably, the cultivation rack has no top cover, that is, the topmost placement table 2 can be moved to the highest point, so that the stems of the plants are located outside, providing movement space for the placement tables 2 on other layers. It should also be noted that the water pipe and the branch pipe should be a corrugated tube structure to adapt to the height adjustment changes, extension or shortening of the placement table 2.

[0032] A guide assembly is provided on each layer of the placement platform 2. After the electric element 22 is started, the first screw 24 is driven to rotate through the connecting shaft 23. The first screw 24 rotates up or down in the guide rail 11. A bearing is rotatably connected between the connecting shaft 23 and the output end of the electric element 22. The diameter of the guide rail 11 is greater than the length of the slider 21. When the first screw 24 and the internal thread in the guide rail 11 are threadedly connected and move in coordination, the slider 21 will not affect the rotation of the first screw 24. At the same time, the first screw 24 can also drive the slider 21 to follow the movement. In addition, due to the self-locking function between the threads, the placement frame will not slip after the movement stops. Brackets are also provided on both sides of the bottom surface of the placement platform 2 in the length direction to support and fix the placement platform 2. It should be noted that when the placement platform 2 is rigid enough to adapt to the weight of the current plant, brackets may not be provided.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an isolation tube 31 is provided in the middle of the cultivation box 3, a micro cylinder is provided in the isolation tube 31, and the output end of the micro cylinder is connected to the bottom surface of the cultivation cover 4. Preferably, a power control component for controlling the operation of the micro cylinder is provided on the cultivation box 3.

[0034] Specifically, an isolation tube 31 is installed in the middle of the cultivation box 3, which can be isolated from the culture solution. After the plant grows to a certain extent, the stem increases in height and can be limited by the edge of the opening of the culture hole 41 to prevent the plant from tilting. The micro cylinder can control the height of the cultivation cover 4. When the plant grows taller, the power control unit can be used to control the micro cylinder to increase the height of the cultivation cover 4 so that the opening of the culture hole 41 is raised, thereby increasing the limiting height of the plant and preventing the plant from falling over.

[0035] Preferably, a plurality of slide grooves are provided on the inner wall of the cultivation box 3, and rollers slidably connected to the slide grooves are provided on the end surface of the cultivation cover 4 in the length direction.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the limiting assembly includes a lifting plate 5 and a plurality of support bars 61. A receiving groove 42 is provided on the top surface of the cultivation cover 4. The lifting plate 5 and the support bars 61 are located in the receiving groove 42. The plurality of support bars 61 are symmetrically and linearly arrayed along the length direction of the lifting plate 5. Each support bar 61 corresponds to an adjacent culture hole 41.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a claw 6 is provided at one end of the support bar 61 away from the lifting plate 5 . The claw 6 is in an arc-shaped structure, and the culture hole 41 is located at the center of the claw 6 .

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the two ends of the claw 6 along the width direction of the support bar 61 are hinged to the support bar 61.

[0039] A first through hole is provided at one end of the cultivation box 3 along the length direction, a second through hole is provided at one end of the cultivation cover 4 near the first through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole are communicated, a bottom surface of the accommodating groove 42 near the second through hole is rotatably connected with a rotating drum 73 downwardly, a top surface of the lifting plate 5 near the second through hole is provided with a plug hole 51 downwardly, a second screw rod 7 is rotatably connected in the rotating drum 73, a second bevel gear 72 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second screw rod 7, the second bevel gear 72 is transmission-connected with the first bevel gear 71, a rotating wheel is rotatably connected to one side of the accommodating groove 42 near the second through hole, a support rod connected to the end face of the first bevel gear 71 is provided on the rotating wheel, a connecting rod is provided in the first through hole, the connecting rod is connected to the center of the first bevel gear 71, a handle is provided at one end of the connecting rod away from the first bevel gear 71, a spring support column is provided at one end of the accommodating groove 42 opposite to the rotating drum 73, the top surface of the spring support column is connected to the bottom surface of the lifting plate 5, and the lowest point of the first through hole is much higher than the maximum liquid level of the culture solution in the cultivation box 3.

[0040] Specifically, the rising height of the cultivation cover 4 is limited. When the stem of the plant is higher than the threshold height, the height of the lifting plate 5 can be adjusted, and the lifting plate 5 drives the support bars 61 to move together. Each support bar 61 corresponds to the position of each culture hole 41 one by one. After the support bar 61 rises, it is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the plant stem to provide support force to prevent the plant from falling over. At the same time, the claws 6 on the same support bar 61 can be controlled to gather together to limit the position of the plant.

[0041] After the plants on the same placement platform 2 grow taller, the distance between adjacent placement platforms 2 can be controlled to provide growth space, and the height of the cultivation cover 4 and the lifting plate 5 can be flexibly adjusted to limit the plants and prevent the plants from falling over and tilting due to growing too high. After the lifting plate 5 rises, the culture holes 41 and the support bars 61 can form two limit points, and the positions of the two limit points can be flexibly adjusted to effectively support different plants. Example 2

[0042] In Example 1, the height of the placement table 2, the lifting plate 5, and the height of the output end of the micro cylinder can be adjusted manually. In this embodiment, the height of the cultivation rack can be adjusted in real time by the control unit.

[0043] It also includes a control unit, a distance sensor arranged on the placement table 2, a liquid level sensor arranged in the cultivation box 3, an environmental sensor and a force sensor arranged on the claw 6, the distance sensor, the liquid level sensor, the environmental sensor and the force sensor are electrically connected to the control unit, and the environmental sensor is arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate 5; Among them, the distance measuring sensor is used to monitor the distance between adjacent placement platforms 2, the liquid level sensor is used to monitor the height of the culture solution in the cultivation box 3, and inject water into the cultivation box 3 through the control unit using a water pipe, the environmental sensor is used to monitor the temperature, humidity and light conditions of the placement platform 2, and the force sensor is used to monitor the pressure and support force of the plant on the claw 6.

[0044] The control unit is used to receive feedback data from the distance sensor, the liquid level sensor, the environmental sensor and the force sensor in real time, and predict and determine the growth status of the plant on the placement table 2 through a machine learning algorithm; The total distance between the placement platform 2 and the top adjacent placement platform 2 is set to H. tn , set the predetermined height of the plant on the placement platform 2 to H zn , then the remaining height h between the placement table 2 and the top adjacent placement table 2 is: h=H tn -H zn , n represents the number of layers of the placement table 2; Set the remaining height threshold between the control unit placement platform 2 and the top adjacent placement platform 2 to hmin , the limit distance between adjacent placement platforms 2 is H tmax , when h is less than h min When the distance between adjacent placement platforms 2 is equal to the limit distance H, the power element 22 is preferentially controlled to adjust the height of the placement platform 2. tmax When the power supply control element is electrically connected to the control unit, the position of the output end of the micro cylinder can be adjusted to drive the cultivation cover 4 to move upward; The control unit obtains plant information, including variety information and plant height, through a machine learning algorithm, and receives feedback data from a force sensor and a distance sensor, controls the lifting plate 5 to move upward, and limits the stem of the plant through the claw 6.

[0045] Specifically, the growth information data of all cultivated plant varieties can be transmitted to the control unit in advance. The control unit uses a machine learning algorithm and adjusts the height of the placement table 2, the cultivation cover 4 and the lifting plate 5 according to the feedback data of the distance sensor, the liquid level sensor, the environmental sensor and the force sensor, such as in Example 1, to improve the plant growth rate.

[0046] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the layer spacing for use in a plant factory, characterized in that: include: A plurality of placement tables (2), wherein a plurality of sliding blocks (21) are provided on both sides of the placement tables (2); A plurality of columns (1), wherein a guide rail (11) is provided on one side of the columns (1) in the height direction, and a plurality of the placement tables (2) are slidably connected in the guide rail (11) via a slider (21), and there is always a spacing between any adjacent placement tables (2); A cultivation box (3), the cultivation box (3) being arranged on the top surface of the placement table (2), the cultivation box (3) being provided with a cultivation cover (4) on the top surface, the cultivation cover (4) being provided with a plurality of cultivation holes (41), a water injection hole being provided on one side of the cultivation box (3), a water delivery pipe being provided on the upright column (1), the water delivery pipe being connected to a plurality of branch pipes, the plurality of branch pipes being respectively connected to the water injection holes; A guide assembly, the guide assembly being arranged on the placement table (2) and connected to the guide rail (11); A limiting component, wherein the limiting component is arranged inside the cultivation cover (4); The water pipe is used to inject culture solution into a plurality of the cultivation boxes (3) through a branch pipe; the cultivation boxes (3) are used to cultivate plants; the cultivation holes (41) are used to limit the position of the plants; the guide component can control any of the placement platforms (2) to slide along the guide rail (11) to change the spacing between adjacent placement platforms (2); and the limiting component can control the cultivation cover (4) to move up and down along the height direction of the cultivation box (3) to change the limiting height of the plants.

2. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the inter-layer spacing for use in a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide assembly comprises an electric element (22), a connecting shaft (23) and a first screw rod (24); the slider (21) is provided with a groove along the height direction of the cultivation box (3); the electric element (22) is arranged in the groove; the connecting shaft (23) is transmission-connected to an output end of the electric element (22); the first screw rod (24) is connected to the connecting shaft (23); an internal thread adapted to be threadedly connected to the first screw rod (24) is provided in the guide rail (11); the diameters of the slider (21) and the connecting shaft (23) are smaller than the diameter of the first screw rod (24); and a bearing is arranged between the connecting shaft (23) and the electric element (22).

3. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the inter-layer spacing for use in a plant factory according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bracket is provided on one side of the placement platform (2) along the length direction, and two ends of the bracket are respectively connected to a slider (21) on one side of the placement platform (2) in the length direction.

4. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the inter-layer spacing for use in a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting assembly comprises a lifting plate (5) and a plurality of support bars (61); a receiving groove (42) is provided on the top surface of the cultivation cover (4); the lifting plate (5) and the support bars (61) are located in the receiving groove (42); the plurality of support bars (61) are symmetrically distributed in a linear array along the length direction of the lifting plate (5); and each support bar (61) corresponds to an adjacent cultivation hole (41).

5. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the inter-layer spacing for use in a plant factory according to claim 4, characterized in that: A claw (6) is provided at one end of the support bar (61) away from the lifting plate (5); the claw (6) is in an arc-shaped structure, and the culture hole (41) is located at the center of the claw (6).

6. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the inter-layer spacing for use in a plant factory according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two ends of the clamping claw (6) along the width direction of the support bar (61) are hingedly connected to the support bar (61).

7. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the inter-layer spacing for use in a plant factory according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cultivation box (3) is provided with a first through hole at one end along the length direction, the cultivation cover (4) is provided with a second through hole at one end close to the first through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole are connected, the bottom surface of the accommodating groove (42) close to the second through hole is connected with a rotating drum (73) for downward rotation, the top surface of the lifting plate (5) close to the second through hole is provided with an insertion hole (51) for downward rotation, a second screw rod (7) is connected with the rotating drum (73) for rotation, a second bevel gear (72) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second screw rod (7), and the second bevel gear (72) is connected with the first bevel gear (71) for transmission. ), a rotating wheel is rotatably connected to one side of the accommodating groove (42) close to the second through hole, the rotating wheel is provided with a support rod connected to the end face of the first bevel gear (71), a connecting rod is provided in the first through hole, the connecting rod is connected to the center of the first bevel gear (71), a handle is provided at one end of the connecting rod away from the first bevel gear (71), a spring support column is provided at one end of the accommodating groove (42) opposite to the rotating drum (73), the top surface of the spring support column is connected to the bottom surface of the lifting plate (5), and the lowest point of the first through hole is much higher than the maximum liquid level of the culture solution in the cultivation box (3).

8. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the inter-layer spacing for use in a plant factory according to claim 7, characterized in that: An isolation cylinder (31) is provided in the middle of the cultivation box (3), a micro cylinder is provided in the isolation cylinder (31), and an output end of the micro cylinder is connected to the bottom surface of the cultivation cover (4).

9. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the inter-layer spacing for use in a plant factory according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a control unit, a distance sensor arranged on the placement table (2), a liquid level sensor arranged in the cultivation box (3), an environmental sensor and a force sensor arranged on the clamping claw (6), the distance sensor, the liquid level sensor, the environmental sensor and the force sensor being electrically connected to the control unit, and the environmental sensor being arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate (5); The distance sensor is used to monitor the distance between adjacent placement platforms (2), the liquid level sensor is used to monitor the height of the culture solution in the cultivation box (3), and to inject water into the cultivation box (3) through a water pipe via a control unit, the environmental sensor is used to monitor the temperature, humidity and light conditions of the placement platform (2), and the force sensor is used to monitor the pressure and support force of the plant on the claw (6).

10. A cultivation rack capable of automatically adjusting the inter-layer spacing for use in a plant factory according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control unit is used to receive feedback data from the distance measuring sensor, the liquid level sensor, the environmental sensor and the force sensor in real time, and predict and determine the growth status of the plant on the placement platform (2) through a machine learning algorithm; The total distance between the placement platform (2) and the top adjacent placement platform (2) is H. tn , set the predetermined height of the plant on the placement platform (2) to H zn , then the remaining height h between the placement platform (2) and the top adjacent placement platform (2) is: ， n represents the number of layers of the placement table (2); Set the remaining height threshold between the control unit placement platform (2) and the top adjacent placement platform (2) to h min , the maximum distance between adjacent placement platforms (2) is H tmax , when h is less than h min When the distance between adjacent placement platforms (2) is equal to the limit distance H, the power element (22) is preferentially controlled to adjust the height of the placement platform (2). tmax When the position of the output end of the micro-cylinder is adjusted, the cultivation cover (4) is driven to move upward; The control unit obtains plant information, including variety information and plant height, through a machine learning algorithm, and receives feedback data from a force sensor and a distance sensor, controls the lifting plate (5) to move upward, and limits the position of the plant stem through the claws (6).

Images