Respiratory training teaching aid used before lung function examination

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of respiratory training devices, and particularly relates to a respiratory training teaching aid used before lung function examination, the respiratory training teaching aid comprises a mouth, an air pipe, a variable resistance assembly and a detection assembly, the variable resistance assembly comprises a fixing block, the fixing block is internally provided with a respiratory channel and a variable resistance cavity, and the variable resistance cavity comprises a sliding cavity and a placing cavity; an electromagnet, a magnet, a sliding block and an elastic piece are arranged in the placing cavity, the sliding block is fixedly connected with a variable resistance piece, the variable resistance piece is slidably connected into the sliding cavity, a vent hole and a round hole are formed in the variable resistance piece, the round hole is covered with an elastic film, and the sliding cavity is communicated with the breathing channel; the detection assembly comprises a flow sensor, a display screen, a vertical plate, a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a controller and a prompter, and the vertical plate is provided with an air vent and a signal shielding piece; the air pipe is communicated with the breathing channel and the ventilation opening in the vertical plate. The respiratory resistance can be adjusted, and the blowing flow and the blowing duration can be detected, so that the respiratory state in the lung function examination process is simulated, the examination success rate is improved, and the examination time is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of breathing training devices, and in particular relates to a breathing training teaching aid used before a lung function test. Background Art

[0002] Pulmonary function test is one of the necessary tests for respiratory diseases. It has important guiding significance for early detection of lung and airway lesions, assessment of the severity and prognosis of the disease, evaluation of the efficacy of drugs or other treatments, identification of the cause of dyspnea, diagnosis of the site of lesions, assessment of lung function tolerance to surgery or labor intensity, and monitoring of critically ill patients. At present, during pulmonary function tests, patients should keep their mouths as tight as possible to ensure that there is no air leakage during the test, and try to cooperate with the doctor's commands as much as possible to exhale and inhale immediately. However, some patients are undergoing pulmonary function tests for the first time and have no experience. They are prone to exhalation and inhalation errors when cooperating. Some patients cannot fully understand the doctor's guiding commands or have poor coordination skills and cannot cooperate with the examination correctly, which makes the examination difficult and seriously affects the efficiency of pulmonary function tests.

[0003] In order to avoid the above problems, patients can be allowed to perform breathing training before the machine examination to make them familiar with the process of pulmonary function examination so that they can be more relaxed and faster during the machine examination. At present, the general breathing training device adopts the basic principle of impedance training to allow trainees to exercise their respiratory muscle strength under the condition of respiratory obstruction, thereby increasing the strength and tolerance of respiratory muscles. However, during the conventional pulmonary function test, patients need to follow the doctor's command and switch from a calm breathing state to a "fast inhale to the top, burst blow to the bottom" state immediately, and for adults, the blowing process of burst blow generally needs to be maintained for more than 6 seconds; the general breathing training device has no timing function and cannot determine whether the trainee's blowing reaches the "explosive blow" standard. In addition, during the conventional pulmonary function test, the patient will also be examined under great resistance to breathing. The patient will most likely remove the mouthpiece without knowing it and express to the doctor that he cannot breathe, thereby affecting the progress of the examination; and the general breathing training device only exercises the trainee's respiratory muscle strength, but cannot provide the trainee with a simulation of the breathing state during the pulmonary function test. Therefore, a training device that can simulate the breathing state during the pulmonary function test is needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a breathing training teaching aid for use before a pulmonary function test, so as to solve the problem that a traditional breathing training device cannot simulate the breathing state during a pulmonary function test.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the scheme of the present invention is as follows: a breathing training teaching aid for use before a pulmonary function test comprises a mouth and a trachea, and also comprises a variable resistance component and a detection component, wherein the variable resistance component comprises a fixed block, a breathing passage and a variable resistance cavity are provided in the fixed block, the variable resistance cavity comprises a sliding cavity and a placement cavity, an electromagnet, a magnet, a slider and an elastic member are provided in the placement cavity, the electromagnet is fixedly installed in the placement cavity, the slider is slidably connected in the placement cavity, the magnet is fixedly connected to a side wall of the slider facing the electromagnet, one end of the elastic member is connected to the slider, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the side wall of the placement cavity, the electromagnet pushes the magnet to move in a direction away from the electromagnet after being energized, the slider is fixedly connected to a variable resistance sheet, the variable resistance sheet is slidably connected in the sliding cavity, a vent and a circular hole are provided on the variable resistance sheet, the circular hole is covered with an elastic membrane, the sliding cavity is communicated with the breathing passage, and the vent on the variable resistance sheet initially completely overlaps with the radial surface of the breathing passage. ; The detection component includes a flow sensor, a display screen, a vertical plate, a controller and a prompter. The signal detected by the flow sensor is transmitted to the controller. After processing, the controller obtains a flow curve and displays it on the display screen. A vent is provided on the vertical plate, and a convex plate is provided above the vent. A signal shielding member is provided on the convex plate. When the vent is out of the air, the bottom end of the signal shielding member moves away from the vertical plate. The bottom and top ends of the vertical plate are provided with transverse plates. A signal transmitter is fixedly installed on one transverse plate, and a signal receiver is fixedly installed on the other transverse plate. The prompter, signal transmitter and signal receiver are all connected to the controller; The trachea includes section I and section II. The mouth is detachably connected to one end of section I, and the other end of section I is connected to the breathing passage. The flow sensor is fixedly installed at one end of section I near the mouth, one end of section II is connected to the breathing passage, and the other end of section II is connected to the vent.

[0006] The working principle and beneficial effect of this scheme are as follows: In this scheme, the variable resistance component is used to adjust the breathing resistance. When the vent on the variable resistance piece completely overlaps with the breathing channel, the trainee can be provided with a simulated condition of "inhale quickly to the top and blow to the bottom". During this training process, the flow sensor can detect the blowing flow rate and display the blowing flow rate curve on the display screen to determine whether the trainee blows hard; at the same time, the detection component can detect whether the trainee's blowing time reaches more than 6 seconds. During the trainee's exhalation, the bottom end of the signal shield moves under the action of the blowing airflow, thereby shielding the signal transmitter, and the signal received by the signal receiver becomes weak or disappears. The controller starts timing. After the exhalation is completed, the signal shield resets under the action of its own weight and no longer shields the signal transmitter. The signal received by the signal receiver is restored, and the controller stops timing. By comparing with the time threshold set in the controller, when the time is greater than 6 seconds, the controller controls the prompter to work and prompts that the blow is qualified. In addition, when the round hole on the variable resistor coincides with the breathing channel, the elastic touch blocks the gas flow and the trainees have a large breathing resistance, simulating a high-resistance breathing test for the trainees so that they will not take off the mouthpiece in a panic when checking on the machine.

[0007] In summary, this program can simulate the breathing state during the pulmonary function test so that trainees can be familiar with the breathing method of the pulmonary function test before going on the machine, thereby improving the success rate of the test and shortening the test time.

[0008] Optionally, the edge of the elastic membrane is fixed on the inner circumferential wall of the circular hole.

[0009] In this solution, the edge of the elastic membrane is fixed on the inner peripheral wall of the circular hole, so that the elastic membrane will not be rubbed by the inner wall of the sliding cavity during the sliding process of the variable resistance piece, thereby extending the service life of the elastic membrane.

[0010] Optionally, both ends of the breathing channel are provided with internal thread sections, and the ends of the section I and section II tubes close to the fixing block are provided with external thread tubes I, and the external thread tubes I are threadably matched with the internal thread sections of the breathing channel.

[0011] In this solution, the tube section I and the tube section II and the breathing passage are detachable so as to replace the tube section I and / or the variable resistance assembly.

[0012] Optionally, an internal threaded pipe is provided on the vertical plate, the internal threaded pipe is coaxial with the vent, and an external threaded pipe II is provided at one end of the section II pipe close to the vertical plate, and the external threaded pipe II is threadably matched with the internal threaded pipe.

[0013] In this solution, section II pipe and the internally threaded pipe are detachable to facilitate replacement of section II pipe.

[0014] Optionally, sealing gaskets are provided on both the section I pipe and the section II pipe.

[0015] In this solution, the sealing gasket is used to improve the sealing performance of the connection between the section I pipe and the breathing channel, the section II pipe and the breathing channel, and the section II pipe and the internally threaded pipe.

[0016] Optionally, the signal shielding member is paper, cloth or a plastic sheet.

[0017] In this solution, paper, cloth and plastic sheets are light in weight and can be easily moved by airflow, thereby blocking the signal transmitter.

[0018] Optionally, the signal transmitter is an infrared transmitter, and the signal receiver is an infrared receiver.

[0019] In this solution, the infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver are common signal transmitters and signal receivers, and the infrared signal is stable.

[0020] Optionally, a supporting grille is provided below the convex plate.

[0021] In this solution, the support grille allows airflow to pass through and prevents the signal shield from covering the vents on the vertical plate when the trainee inhales quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a breathing training teaching aid used before a lung function test in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view in the AA direction;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view in the BB direction;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the signal shielding member in the first embodiment of the present invention when shielding the signal transmitter under the action of airflow;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the breathing channel and the circular hole coincide with each other in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a breathing training teaching aid used before a lung function test in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a breathing training aid used before a lung function test in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0030] The marks in the drawings of the specification include: mouth 1, trachea 2, section I tube 210, section II tube 220, external threaded tube I 230, external threaded tube II 240, sealing gasket 250, variable resistance component 3, fixing block 310, breathing channel 3101, sliding cavity 3102, placement cavity 3103, electromagnet 320, magnet 330, slider 340, elastic member 350, variable resistance sheet 360, vent 3601, circular hole 3602, elastic membrane 370, detection component 4, flow sensor 410, display screen 420, vertical plate 430, vent 4301, convex plate 4302, horizontal plate 4303, support grid 4304, controller 440, prompter 450, signal shielding member 460, signal transmitter 470, signal receiver 480, internal threaded tube 490.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] This embodiment is basically Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: a breathing training aid for lung function test, including a mouth 1, a trachea 2, a variable resistance component 3 and a detection component 4. The variable resistance component 3 includes a fixing block 310, combined with Figure 3As shown, a breathing channel 3101 and a variable resistance chamber are provided in the fixed block 310, and the variable resistance chamber includes a sliding chamber 3102 and a placement chamber 3103. An electromagnet 320, a magnet 330, a slider 340 and an elastic member 350 are provided in the placement chamber 3103. The electromagnet 320 is fixedly installed in the placement chamber 3103, the slider 340 is slidably connected in the placement chamber 3103, the magnet 330 is welded to the right side wall of the slider 340, and the electromagnet 320 applies a magnetic repulsive force to the magnet 330 after being energized, thereby pushing the slider 340 to slide to the left. The left end of the elastic member 350 is welded to the slider 340, and the right end of the elastic member 350 is welded to the right side wall of the placement chamber 3103. In this embodiment, the elastic member 350 is a spring. A variable resistor 360 is welded to the left wall of the slider 340. The variable resistor 360 is slidably connected in the sliding cavity 3102. The variable resistor 360 is provided with a vent hole 3601 and a circular hole 3602. The circular hole 3602 is covered with an elastic membrane 370. The edge of the elastic membrane 370 is bonded to the inner wall of the circular hole 3602. In this embodiment, the material of the elastic membrane 370 is the same as that of the balloon, has a certain elasticity, and can be stretched under the action of external force. The sliding cavity 3102 is connected to the breathing channel 3101, and in this embodiment, the sliding cavity 3102 is vertically arranged with the breathing channel 3101; the vent hole 3601 on the variable resistor 360 is initially completely overlapped with the breathing channel 3101.

[0033] The detection component 4 includes a flow sensor 410, a display screen 420, a vertical plate 430, a controller 440 and a prompter 450. The signal detected by the flow sensor 410 is transmitted to the controller 440. The controller 440 processes the flow curve and displays it on the display screen 420. A vent 4301 is provided on the vertical plate 430. A convex plate 4302 is provided above the vent 4301. The convex plate 4302 is welded to the right side wall of the vertical plate 430. A signal shielding member 460 is provided on the convex plate 4302. When the vent 4301 blows out air, the bottom end of the signal shielding member 460 moves to the upper right direction. The signal shielding member 460 can be paper, cloth or plastic sheet. In this embodiment, the signal shielding member 460 is paper. The top of the paper is attached to the convex plate 4302 by tape, so that the paper is easily blown up.

[0034] The bottom and top of the vertical plate 430 are welded with a horizontal plate 4303, a signal transmitter 470 is fixedly mounted on one horizontal plate 4303, and a signal receiver 480 is fixedly mounted on the other horizontal plate 4303. The prompter 450, the signal transmitter 470 and the signal receiver 480 are all connected to the controller 440. The signal receiver 480 is used to receive the signal sent by the signal transmitter 470. In this embodiment, the signal transmitter 470 is an infrared transmitter, the signal receiver 480 is an infrared receiver, the prompter 450 is a buzzer, and the controller 440 is a PLC. In another embodiment, the signal transmitter 470 is a laser transmitter, and the signal receiver 480 is a laser receiver.

[0035] The trachea 2 is a corrugated tube, and the trachea 2 includes a section I tube 210 and a section II tube 220. The mouth 1 is detachably connected to one end of the section I tube 210, and the other end of the section I tube 210 is connected to the breathing channel 3101. The flow sensor 410 is fixedly installed on the end of the section I tube 210 close to the mouth 1; one end of the section II tube 220 is connected to the breathing channel 3101, and the other end of the section II tube 220 is connected to the vent 4301. Specifically, both ends of the breathing channel 3101 are provided with internal threaded sections, and the ends of the section I pipe 210 and the section II pipe 220 close to the breathing channel 3101 are provided with external threaded pipe I 230, and the external threaded pipe I 230 is threadedly matched with the internal threaded section of the breathing channel 3101; an internal threaded pipe 490 is welded on the vertical plate 430, and the internal threaded pipe 490 is coaxial with the vent 4301, and the end of the section II pipe 220 close to the vertical plate 430 is provided with an external threaded pipe II 240, and the external threaded pipe II 240 is threadedly matched with the internal threaded pipe 490.

[0036] When used specifically, the patient performs breathing training at the nurse station or in a special room before undergoing a pulmonary function test. First, the patient holds the mouth 1 tightly and starts to breathe calmly. At this time, the vent 3601 of the variable resistor 360 overlaps with the breathing channel 3101, and the airflow can pass through the breathing channel 3101 normally. Subsequently, the patient begins the breathing exercise of "inhaling quickly to the top and blowing explosively to the bottom". During the process of rapid inhalation and explosive blowing, the flow sensor 410 detects the gas flow in the trachea 2, and converts the flow into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller 440. The controller 440 obtains a flow curve after processing the signal, and displays it on the display screen 420. The flow curve on the display screen 420 can be used by medical staff to grasp the flow of gas during the patient's rapid inhalation and explosive blowing, thereby grasping the patient's inhalation speed and blowing speed. If the inhalation speed and / or blowing speed do not meet the standard, the patient can be asked to increase the inhalation speed and / or blowing speed and continue to practice.

[0037] Moreover, during the explosion and blowing process, the gas flows through the section I tube 210, the breathing channel 3101, and the section II tube 220, and finally flows out through the vent 4301, blowing the bottom end of the signal shielding member 460, so that the signal shielding member 460 rotates counterclockwise with the top end of the signal shielding member 460 as the axis, and the bottom end of the signal shielding member 460 moves to between the signal transmitter 470 and the signal receiver 480, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the signal received by the signal receiver 480 becomes weak or disappears, and the controller 440 starts timing. After the burst is finished, the signal shielding member 460 rotates clockwise under the action of its own weight and returns to an upright state. The signal shielding member 460 no longer blocks the signal transmitter 470, and the signal received by the signal receiver 480 returns to normal, and the controller 440 stops timing. The controller 440 compares the recorded time with the preset time threshold. When the recorded time is greater than 6 seconds (the preset time threshold), the controller 440 controls the prompter 450 to work, and the prompter 450 emits a buzzer, indicating that the time of this burst is qualified. When the prompter 450 does not emit a buzzer, it means that this burst is unqualified. In this way, the flow curve displayed on the display screen 420 and whether the prompter 450 emits a buzzer are used to judge whether the patient's "fast inhalation to the top, burst to the bottom" is qualified, so that the patient can be familiar with the breathing state of "fast inhalation to the top, burst to the bottom" in advance.

[0038] After completing the breathing training of "inhale quickly to the top and blow to the bottom", the switch for controlling the on and off of the electromagnet 320 is closed, so that the electromagnet 320 is energized. After being energized, the electromagnet 320 generates magnetism, exerting a magnetic repulsive force on the magnet 330, thereby pushing the slider 340 to overcome the pulling force of the elastic member 350 and slide to the left, thereby pushing the variable resistor 360 to slide to the left, and the circular hole 3602 on the variable resistor 360 coincides with the breathing channel 3101, and the elastic membrane 370 in the circular hole 3602 blocks the breathing channel 3101. Figure 5 As shown. In this way, during the patient's calm breathing, when the patient inhales, the gas in the II section tube 220 enters the breathing channel 3101, and the elastic membrane 370 expands to the left under the action of air pressure. The elastic membrane 370 has a shrinking restoring force, so the patient's inhalation is subject to great resistance; when the patient exhales, the elastic membrane 370 expands to the right under the action of air pressure, and the exhalation is subject to great resistance, thereby simulating a respiratory examination under the condition of great resistance, so that the patient can be familiar with this situation and avoid taking off the mouthpiece 1 due to breathing resistance during the examination on the machine.

[0039] In addition, in the present embodiment, the external threaded tube I230 of the section tube 210 is threadedly connected to the breathing passage 3101, so when necessary, the section tube 210 can be separated from the fixed block 310; and, the external threaded tube I230 of the section tube 220 is threadedly connected to the breathing passage 3101, and the external threaded tube II240 of the section tube 220 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded tube 490 on the vertical plate 430, so when necessary, the section tube 220 can be separated from the fixed block 310 and the vertical plate 430, thereby replacing a new trachea 2.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, both the section I pipe 210 and the section II pipe 220 are provided with sealing gaskets 250. Specifically, the right end of the section I pipe 210 is provided with a sealing gasket 250, and both ends of the section II pipe 220 are provided with sealing gaskets 250. In this way, when the external threaded pipe I 230 is threadedly connected to the breathing channel 3101, the sealing gasket 250 is closely attached to the outer wall of the fixing block 310, thereby improving the connection sealing; when the external threaded pipe II 240 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded pipe 490, the sealing gasket 250 is closely attached to the outer wall of the internal threaded pipe 490, thereby improving the connection sealing.

[0042] Embodiment 3

[0043] The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a support grid 4304 is welded on the convex plate 4302, and the support grid 4304 is located below the convex plate 4302. In this way, during the patient's inhalation process, when the air near the vent 4301 of the vertical plate 430 flows into the vent 4301 to form an airflow, the signal shielding member 460 is supported by the support grid 4304, and the signal shielding member 460 does not cover the vent 4301. During the patient's blowing process, the support grid 4304 does not affect the effect of the airflow on the signal shielding member 460.

[0044] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. The invention is not limited to the fields involved in this implementation case. The common sense such as the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field to which the invention belongs before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the present invention. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A breathing training aid for use before a lung function test, comprising a mouth and a trachea, characterized in that: It also includes a variable resistance component and a detection component, the variable resistance component includes a fixed block, a breathing channel and a variable resistance cavity are provided in the fixed block, the variable resistance cavity includes a sliding cavity and a placement cavity, an electromagnet, a magnet, a slider and an elastic member are provided in the placement cavity, the electromagnet is fixedly installed in the placement cavity, the slider is slidably connected in the placement cavity, the magnet is fixedly connected to a side wall of the slider facing the electromagnet, one end of the elastic member is connected to the slider, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the side wall of the placement cavity, the electromagnet pushes the magnet to move away from the electromagnet after power is turned on, the slider is fixedly connected to a variable resistance sheet, the variable resistance sheet is slidably connected in the sliding cavity, a vent and a circular hole are provided on the variable resistance sheet, the circular hole is covered with an elastic film, the sliding cavity is connected to the breathing channel, and the vent on the variable resistance sheet completely overlaps with the radial surface of the breathing channel at the beginning; the detection component includes a flow sensor, a display screen, A vertical plate, a controller and a prompter, the signal detected by the flow sensor is transmitted to the controller, the controller processes it to obtain a flow curve and displays it on a display screen, a vent is provided on the vertical plate, a convex plate is provided above the vent, a signal shield is provided on the convex plate, when the vent is blowing air, the bottom end of the signal shield moves away from the vertical plate, the bottom and top ends of the vertical plate are provided with transverse plates, a signal transmitter is fixedly mounted on one transverse plate, a signal receiver is fixedly mounted on the other transverse plate, the prompter, the signal transmitter and the signal receiver are all connected to the controller; the air pipe includes section I and section II, the mouth is detachably connected to one end of section I, the other end of section I is connected to the breathing passage, the flow sensor is fixedly mounted on one end of section I close to the mouth, one end of section II is connected to the breathing passage, and the other end of section II is connected to the vent.

2. The breathing training teaching aid for use before a pulmonary function test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the elastic membrane is fixed on the inner peripheral wall of the circular hole.

3. The breathing training teaching aid for use before a pulmonary function test according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the breathing channel are provided with internal thread sections, and the ends of the tube sections I and II close to the fixing block are provided with external thread tubes I, which are threadably matched with the internal thread sections of the breathing channel.

4. The breathing training teaching aid for use before a pulmonary function test according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical plate is provided with an internal threaded pipe, which is coaxial with the vent. The end of the II section pipe close to the vertical plate is provided with an external threaded pipe II, which is threadably matched with the internal threaded pipe.

5. The breathing training teaching aid for use before a pulmonary function test according to claim 4, characterized in that: The section I pipe and section II pipe are both provided with sealing gaskets.

6. The breathing training teaching aid for use before a pulmonary function test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal shielding member is paper, cloth or a plastic sheet.

7. The breathing training teaching aid for use before a pulmonary function test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal transmitter is an infrared transmitter, and the signal receiver is an infrared receiver.

8. The breathing training teaching aid for use before a pulmonary function test according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting grille is provided below the convex plate.

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