Gas turbine tempering detection device and method based on infrared online measurement

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas turbine tempering detection device and method based on infrared online measurement, and relates to the technical field of infrared measurement. The problem of tempering caused by unstable combustion of the gas turbine and the problem that high-temperature gas and flames in the gas turbine generate strong radiation to cause remarkable interference on the infrared temperature measurement result of the wall surface of a hot end such as a nozzle are solved. The device comprises a cooling sleeve, an infrared lens, a first cable, a processing circuit, a second cable and an upper computer, the cooling sleeve is arranged outside the infrared lens, the processing circuit is connected with the infrared lens through a first cable, and the upper computer is connected with the processing circuit through a second cable; a cooling working medium inlet channel and a cooling working medium outlet channel are arranged on the two sides of the cooling sleeve. The method is applied to the field of gas turbine tempering detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of infrared measurement technology, and in particular to a gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement. Background Art

[0002] Gas turbine combustion chamber nozzles and other components operating in extreme environments of high temperature and pressure often suffer damage due to flashback. Flashback is caused by the local turbulent flame speed being greater than the reactant flow rate. It is a harmful phenomenon in which the flame front propagates from the combustion zone to the combustion chamber and the upstream of the premixing section. Affected by the harsh environment of high temperature and high pressure inside the gas turbine, the traditional contact temperature sensor measurement solution is difficult to meet the measurement requirements of high-precision and real-time monitoring of the hot end components of the gas turbine. Infrared non-contact temperature measurement technology is an effective solution that can solve the durability problem of wall contact sensors, but it also faces many challenges in complex working environments.

[0003] The high-temperature gas and flame inside the gas turbine will generate strong radiation, which will significantly interfere with the infrared temperature measurement results of the hot end wall such as the nozzle. At the same time, the high temperature environment may cause the electronic components of the infrared temperature measurement device to overheat, affecting the measurement accuracy, and even causing the equipment to fail. In addition, the flame inside the gas turbine changes violently, and the flashback phenomenon occurs in a short time. The infrared temperature measurement device needs to monitor not only the real-time temperature of the hot end wall, but also its real-time temperature change rate, so as to detect potential faults in time and reduce the losses caused by system instability.

[0004] Therefore, designing an infrared online tempering detection device with strong anti-interference ability and capable of accurately measuring temperature and temperature change rate at the same time has become a technical problem to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims at the flashback problem caused by unstable combustion of gas turbines and the problem that the high temperature gas and flame inside the gas turbine will generate strong radiation, causing significant interference to the infrared temperature measurement results of the hot end wall such as the nozzle, and proposes a gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement. The device scheme is as follows:

[0006] A gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement, the device comprising:

[0007] A cooling jacket, an infrared lens, a first cable, a processing circuit, a second cable, and a host computer;

[0008] The cooling sleeve is arranged outside the infrared lens, the processing circuit is connected to the infrared lens through a first cable, and the host computer is connected to the processing circuit through a second cable; a cooling medium inlet channel and a cooling medium outlet channel are arranged on both sides of the cooling sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is proposed, wherein the infrared lens comprises: a meniscus lens, a lens barrel, an aperture stop, a thermopile probe fixing frame, a thermistor, a thermopile probe housing, a 3.9um infrared filter and a thermopile chip;

[0010] The meniscus lens, aperture stop, and thermopile probe fixing frame are fixed on the lens barrel in sequence;

[0011] The thermopile probe shell is covered on the refraction part of the 3.9um infrared filter and fixed on the thermopile probe fixing frame, and the thermistor is arranged inside the thermopile probe shell;

[0012] The wall signal to be measured passes through the meniscus lens when propagating within the first optical path; then passes through the aperture diaphragm and enters the 3.9um infrared filter; the signal is focused onto the thermopile chip through the 3.9um infrared filter.

[0013] Furthermore, a preferred method is proposed, wherein the processing circuit includes: a detection circuit and a microprocessor circuit; the detection circuit is used to detect the weak voltage signal from the infrared probe and the signal from the thermistor, and amplify the signal through a common-direction proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier and a resistor and a capacitor; the microprocessor circuit part is used to digitize, process and transmit the voltage signal of the detection part.

[0014] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is proposed, wherein the detection circuit includes a first operational amplifier A1, a second operational amplifier A2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4;

[0015] The infrared lens enters the positive input terminal Vin1 of the first operational amplifier A1 and the positive input terminal Vin2 of the second operational amplifier A2 respectively through the connecting cable; the first operational amplifier Vin1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the ground GND; the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier A1 is connected to the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and one end of the second capacitor C2 respectively, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the ground GND; the output terminal of the first operational amplifier A1 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R3, the second capacitor C2 and one end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC respectively; the first operational amplifier A1 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD and the ground terminal GND;

[0016] The positive input terminal Vin2 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3, and the other ends of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3 are connected to the ground GND; the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier A2 is respectively connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the ground GND; the output terminal of the second operational amplifier A2 is respectively connected to the other ends of the fourth resistor R4, the fourth capacitor C4 and the other end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC; the second operational amplifier A2 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD and the ground terminal GND.

[0017] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is proposed, wherein the microprocessor circuit comprises: a microprocessor module S1 and a level conversion module D1; the microprocessor module S1 comprises an analog-to-digital converter ADC, a T1 processor, a T2 processor and a serial port T3; one end of the T2 processor is connected to the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the other end is connected to the serial port T3; the serial port T3 is connected to the level conversion module D1 through connecting lines RX and TX, and the level conversion module D1 is connected to the host computer through Out+ and Out-;

[0018] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R7 through the connection line BOOT0, and connected to one end of the resistor R8 through the connection line BOOT1; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the port 2 of the socket H1, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the port 5 of the socket H1; the ports 1 and 4 of the socket H1 are connected to the power supply VDD, and the ports 3 and 6 of the socket H1 are connected to the ground GND;

[0019] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to port 2 of the socket H2 via a connection line SWDIO and to port 3 of the socket H2 via a connection line SWCLK; port 1 of the socket H2 is connected to a power source VDD, and port 4 of the socket H1 is connected to a ground GND.

[0020] Furthermore, a preferred method is proposed, wherein the host computer embeds a tempering detection filter processing algorithm for tempering judgment, including:

[0021] Receive the temperature signal from the sensor and perform Kalman filtering;

[0022] According to the temperature signal, determine whether it is in the firing state;

[0023] If it is not in the firing state, no backfire judgment is performed; and Savitzky-Golay filtering is performed;

[0024] Calculate the current temperature change rate; and determine the maximum temperature change rate based on the current temperature change rate; update the maximum temperature change rate; the maximum temperature change rate remains the previous one;

[0025] Determine the threshold based on actual conditions and historical data; use criteria 1 and 2 to make tempering judgments;

[0026] Flashback occurs and the machine shuts down.

[0027] Furthermore, a preferred method is proposed, wherein the first criterion is 2 / 3 of the maximum temperature change rate; and the second criterion is the ratio of the current temperature change rate to the historical maximum temperature change rate.

[0028] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a gas turbine flashback detection method based on infrared online measurement, the method is implemented based on any of the above detection devices, and the method includes:

[0029] The wall radiation signal to be measured passes through the first optical path, penetrates the flame and high-temperature gas radiation interference, is received by the infrared lens and converted into an electrical signal, enters the processing circuit through the first cable for signal amplification processing, and then enters the host computer through the second cable for backfire filter detection algorithm processing.

[0030] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program. When the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes a flashback detection filtering algorithm in a gas turbine flashback detection method based on infrared online measurement as described above.

[0031] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, the steps of the flashback detection filtering algorithm in the gas turbine flashback detection method based on infrared online measurement as described above are executed.

[0032] The present invention is beneficial in that:

[0033] The present invention proposes a gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement, which avoids the radiation interference of gas and flame in the gas turbine by using the 3.9um band for infrared temperature measurement, and effectively avoids the overheating problem of the infrared temperature measuring device caused by the high temperature environment by arranging a cooling sleeve outside the infrared lens and cooling it by the cooling medium, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment; by adopting the separation design of the infrared probe and the processing circuit, the influence of the high temperature environment on the electronic components is reduced; by combining the Kalman filter and the Savitzky-Golay filter method, the accurate measurement of the temperature and the temperature change rate is realized, and the temperature change rate is used to detect the flashback phenomenon of the gas turbine.

[0034] The invention is applied to the field of gas turbine flashback detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement according to the first embodiment, wherein 101 represents a wall surface to be measured, 102 represents high-temperature fuel gas, 103 represents a first optical path, 104 represents a cooling medium inlet channel, 105 represents a cooling medium outlet channel, 106 represents a cooling jacket, 107 represents an infrared lens, 108 represents a first cable, 109 represents a processing circuit; 110 represents a second cable, and 111 represents a host computer;

[0036] Figure 2 The infrared lens structure diagram of the second embodiment, wherein 201 represents the wall signal to be measured, 202 represents the second optical path, 203 represents the third optical path, 204 represents the meniscus lens, 205 represents the lens barrel, 206 represents the aperture stop, 207 represents the thermopile probe fixing bracket, 208 represents the thermistor, 209 represents the thermopile probe housing, 210 represents the 3.9um infrared filter, and 211 represents the thermopile chip;

[0037] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the processing circuit described in Embodiment 3;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the flashback detection filtering processing algorithm described in the eleventh embodiment;

[0039] Figure 5 A light path diagram of the optical path structure described in Embodiment 11;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the defocus MTF result of the optical path structure described in Embodiment 11;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a point diagram of the optical path structure described in Embodiment 11;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a measurement result diagram of the infrared temperature measuring device described in Implementation Example 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0044] Implementation method 1, see Figure 1The present embodiment is described as follows. A gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement in the present embodiment comprises:

[0045] Cooling jacket 106, infrared lens 107, first cable 108, processing circuit 109, second cable 110 and host computer 111;

[0046] The cooling jacket 106 is arranged outside the infrared lens 107, the processing circuit 109 is connected to the infrared lens 107 via a first cable 108, and the host computer 111 is connected to the processing circuit 109 via a second cable 110; a cooling medium inlet channel 104 and a cooling medium outlet channel 105 are provided on both sides of the cooling jacket 106.

[0047] The present embodiment proposes a gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement, which avoids the radiation interference of gas and flame in the gas turbine by using the 3.9um band for infrared temperature measurement, and effectively avoids the overheating problem of the infrared temperature measuring device caused by the high temperature environment by providing a cooling sleeve outside the infrared lens and cooling it by the cooling medium, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment; by adopting the separation design of the infrared probe and the processing circuit, the influence of the high temperature environment on the electronic components is reduced; by combining the Kalman filter and the Savitzky-Golay filter method, the accurate measurement of the temperature and the temperature change rate is realized, and the temperature change rate is used to detect the flashback phenomenon of the gas turbine.

[0048] Implementation Method 2: See Figure 2 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement described in Embodiment 1, wherein the infrared lens 107 comprises: a meniscus lens 204, a lens barrel 205, an aperture stop 206, a thermopile probe fixing bracket 207, a thermistor 208, a thermopile probe shell 209, a 3.9um infrared filter 210 and a thermopile chip 211;

[0049] The meniscus lens 204, the aperture stop 206, and the thermopile probe fixing frame 207 are fixed on the lens barrel 205 in sequence;

[0050] The thermopile probe shell 209 covers the refractive part of the 3.9um infrared filter 210 and is fixed on the thermopile probe fixing frame 207. The thermistor 208 is arranged inside the thermopile probe shell 209.

[0051] When the measured wall signal 201 propagates within the range of the first optical path 203 , it passes through the meniscus lens 204 ; then passes through the aperture stop 206 and enters the 3.9 um infrared filter 210 ; the signal is focused onto the thermopile chip 211 through the 3.9 um infrared filter 210 .

[0052] In this embodiment, a meniscus lens is used to focus the infrared signal reflected from the wall to be measured (i.e., the hot end wall inside the gas turbine) to ensure that the infrared light can accurately enter the infrared filter through the aperture diaphragm. The role of the aperture diaphragm in this embodiment is to limit the size of the light beam passing through, control the incident range of the light beam, and ensure that the infrared signal finally detected is the temperature information of the target area. This design ensures that only valid infrared signals will be transmitted to subsequent infrared filters and detectors, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement. The 3.9um infrared filter is used to effectively isolate unnecessary background radiation, allowing only infrared light within the target wavelength range to pass through, ensuring measurement accuracy and reducing interference from environmental noise on the measurement. In view of the high temperature environment inside the gas turbine, the absorption and emission characteristics of infrared light with a wavelength of 3.9μm under high-temperature substances (such as flames and gases) are more in line with the needs of flashback detection.

[0053] In this embodiment, the thermopile probe holder is used to fix the thermopile probe to ensure its stable position during operation and reduce errors caused by vibration and mechanical changes. The thermopile probe shell plays a protective and encapsulating role, while improving the detector's tolerance to high temperature environments and ensuring the stability of the probe under high temperature conditions. The thermopile chip is used to convert infrared radiation into thermoelectric signals and perform precise measurements. When the infrared signal penetrates and passes through the 3.9μm infrared filter, the focus will fall precisely on the thermopile chip, generating a thermoelectric effect, which is then converted into a readable electrical signal.

[0054] The infrared lens designed in this embodiment, from the meniscus lens to the thermopile chip, the entire infrared measurement path design is very compact and efficient, ensuring that the transmission of the signal is not affected by irrelevant factors. In addition, the precise matching of optical components greatly enhances the stability of the optical path and the clarity of the signal. Each component (such as the thermopile probe shell, lens barrel, etc.) is designed to withstand high temperature environments, ensuring that the device can work stably in the high temperature and strong radiation working environment of the gas turbine. At the same time, the infrared filter can filter out excess infrared radiation, reduce interference from the external environment, and ensure the high reliability of the measurement results.

[0055] Implementation method three, see Figure 3 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement described in the first embodiment. The processing circuit 109 includes: a detection circuit and a microprocessor circuit; the detection circuit is used to detect the weak voltage signal from the infrared probe and the signal of the thermistor, and amplify the signal through a proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier, a resistor and a capacitor; the microprocessor circuit part is used to perform digital conversion, data processing and data transmission on the voltage signal of the detection part.

[0056] In this embodiment, the detection circuit can effectively amplify weak voltage signals through a proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier, a resistor, and a capacitor, so that these signals can be further processed and analyzed, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the signal. The microprocessor circuit digitizes the detected voltage signal and can convert the analog signal into a digital signal, which is convenient for accurate data analysis. The digitized signal can eliminate the noise and distortion caused by the analog signal. The microprocessor is responsible for processing the collected data and can effectively transmit the processed data, which is helpful for remote monitoring, real-time analysis and fault warning.

[0057] Embodiment 4. This embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement described in Embodiment 3. The detection circuit includes a first operational amplifier A1, a second operational amplifier A2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4.

[0058] The infrared lens 107 respectively enters the positive input terminal Vin1 of the first operational amplifier A1 and the positive input terminal Vin2 of the second operational amplifier A2 through the connecting cable 108; the first operational amplifier Vin1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the ground GND; the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier A1 is respectively connected to the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and one end of the second capacitor C2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the ground GND; the output terminal of the first operational amplifier A1 is respectively connected to the third resistor R3, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and one end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC; the first operational amplifier A1 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD and the ground terminal GND;

[0059] The positive input terminal Vin2 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3, and the other ends of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3 are connected to the ground GND; the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier A2 is respectively connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the ground GND; the output terminal of the second operational amplifier A2 is respectively connected to the other ends of the fourth resistor R4, the fourth capacitor C4 and the other end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC; the second operational amplifier A2 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD and the ground terminal GND.

[0060] In this embodiment, two operational amplifiers (A1 and A2) are used in the design to amplify and process the signal, which can effectively amplify the weak signal collected from the infrared lens and improve the detection accuracy. The operational amplifier provides high input impedance and can receive the signal from the infrared lens without significantly affecting the signal source. At the same time, its low distortion characteristics can ensure that the signal will not deviate significantly during the amplification process. In the circuit, by reasonably selecting the parameters of the resistors (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) and capacitors (C1, C2, C3, C4), a multi-stage filter is formed, thereby effectively removing unnecessary noise components.

[0061] The analog signal is converted into a digital signal through the ADC, so that the signal can be further analyzed and processed by the digital signal processor. Furthermore, since the analog signal is amplified and filtered, the signal quality is improved, and the accuracy and sampling rate of the ADC can be fully utilized, thereby improving the accuracy of flashback detection.

[0062] At the same time, the hierarchical filtering composed of multiple resistors and capacitors can effectively avoid single point failures and ensure the stability and reliability of the detection circuit in long-term operation. The detection device can collect infrared image information in real time and process it, amplify the signal through the operational amplifier, filter it, and finally digitize it through the ADC to form real-time flashback detection data.

[0063] Embodiment 5. This embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement described in Embodiment 3. The microprocessor circuit includes: a microprocessor module S1 and a level conversion module D1; the microprocessor module S1 includes an analog-to-digital converter ADC, a T1 processor, a T2 processor and a serial port T3; one end of the T2 processor is connected to the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the other end is connected to the serial port T3; the serial port T3 is connected to the level conversion module D1 through connecting lines RX and TX, and the level conversion module D1 is connected to the host computer through Out+ and Out-;

[0064] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R7 through the connection line BOOT0, and connected to one end of the resistor R8 through the connection line BOOT1; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the port 2 of the socket H1, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the port 5 of the socket H1; the ports 1 and 4 of the socket H1 are connected to the power supply VDD, and the ports 3 and 6 of the socket H1 are connected to the ground GND;

[0065] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to port 2 of the socket H2 via a connection line SWDIO and to port 3 of the socket H2 via a connection line SWCLK; port 1 of the socket H2 is connected to a power source VDD, and port 4 of the socket H1 is connected to a ground GND.

[0066] In this embodiment, the infrared measurement signal is converted by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to achieve accurate acquisition of the backfire state of the gas turbine. The use of ADC can convert analog signals into digital signals for further processing by the microprocessor, ensuring high-precision detection results. The T1 processor and the T2 processor in the microprocessor module S1 work together to perform multi-task parallel processing, thereby improving the processing capacity of the system. The T2 processor receives the signal converted by the ADC and transmits it to the serial port T3 for further data transmission, thereby increasing the processing efficiency. The microprocessor is connected to an external device (such as a level conversion module D1) through the serial port (T3) to support rapid data transmission. This enables the detection device to easily exchange data with the host computer, thereby achieving remote monitoring and real-time feedback. The connection method between the BOOT0 and BOOT1 pins and the resistor can realize the boot mode control of the microprocessor module. Through appropriate resistor configuration, the startup behavior of the microprocessor can be adjusted, thereby providing flexible debugging and configuration options in different application scenarios.

[0067] Embodiment 6: This embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement described in Embodiment 1. The host computer is embedded with a flashback detection filter processing algorithm for flashback judgment, including:

[0068] Receive the temperature signal from the sensor and perform Kalman filtering;

[0069] According to the temperature signal, determine whether it is in the firing state;

[0070] If it is not in the firing state, no backfire judgment is performed; and Savitzky-Golay filtering is performed;

[0071] Calculate the current temperature change rate; and determine the maximum temperature change rate based on the current temperature change rate; update the maximum temperature change rate; the maximum temperature change rate remains the previous one;

[0072] Determine the threshold based on actual conditions and historical data; use criteria 1 and 2 to make tempering judgments;

[0073] Flashback occurs and the machine shuts down.

[0074] In this embodiment, Kalman filtering can be used to extract a more accurate and reliable temperature estimate from the original temperature data. This high-precision temperature signal is crucial for judging the firing state of the gas turbine and the subsequent flashback judgment, and can avoid misjudgment caused by noise interference. The combined use of Kalman filtering and Savitzky-Golay filtering can not only ensure the accuracy of the temperature signal (through Kalman filtering), but also smooth the high-frequency noise in the signal (through Savitzky-Golay filtering). This multi-level signal processing method enhances the robustness of the system in complex working environments and further improves the accuracy of flashback detection. By calculating the current temperature change rate and comparing it with historical data, the temperature change trend can be responded to more quickly and abnormal temperature changes can be discovered in time. If the current temperature change rate exceeds the predetermined threshold value, the system can quickly determine whether flashback occurs. The setting of the threshold value does not only rely on fixed standards, but is dynamically adjusted in combination with actual conditions and historical data. This threshold value setting method based on historical data and real-time temperature changes enables the system to adapt to gas turbines under different operating conditions and avoid misjudgments caused by changes in operating conditions.

[0075] By combining criterion 1 and criterion 2, a comprehensive analysis is performed based on historical data and real-time data. This ensures that the tempering judgment is not based on a single temperature change rate or temperature data, but on a combination of multiple information to determine whether tempering has occurred, thereby reducing the probability of false alarms or missed alarms.

[0076] Once the system determines that flashback has occurred, the shutdown protection mechanism is immediately triggered, which can effectively prevent further damage to the gas turbine caused by flashback and ensure the safe operation of the equipment. Through the comprehensive judgment of the temperature change rate and other criteria, the problem can be discovered in the early stage of flashback, so that measures can be taken in advance to avoid serious damage.

[0077] Embodiment 7. This embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement described in Embodiment 6, wherein the first criterion is 2 / 3 of the maximum temperature change rate; the second criterion is the ratio of the current temperature change rate to the historical maximum temperature change rate.

[0078] This embodiment is explained in conjunction with the sixth embodiment. In this embodiment, two criteria are used to judge whether the equipment has tempered based on the temperature change rate. Although the noise will be suppressed after filtering, the rapid temperature change caused by tempering will also be attenuated after filtering. By setting different filtering parameters, the relationship between them and the final temperature change rate is obtained. The least squares method is used for linear fitting. In order to leave a certain margin, the criterion 1 is taken as 2 / 3 of the maximum temperature change rate, and the criterion 2 is obtained based on the ratio of the current temperature change rate to the historical maximum temperature change rate. This criterion is mainly used to avoid the influence of noise.

[0079] Embodiment 8: A method for detecting flashback of a gas turbine based on infrared online measurement described in this embodiment is implemented based on the detection device described in any one of embodiments 1 to 7, and the method includes:

[0080] The radiation signal of the wall surface 101 to be measured passes through the first optical path 103, penetrates the radiation interference of the flame and the high-temperature gas 102, is received by the infrared lens 107 and converted into an electrical signal, passes through the first cable 108, enters the processing circuit 109 for signal amplification processing, and then passes through the second cable 110 to enter the host computer 111 for backfire filter detection algorithm processing.

[0081] Embodiment 9. A computer device described in this embodiment includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program. When the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes a flashback detection filtering algorithm in a gas turbine flashback detection method based on infrared online measurement described in Embodiment 8.

[0082] Embodiment 10. A computer-readable storage medium described in this embodiment stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a flashback detection filtering algorithm in a gas turbine flashback detection method based on infrared online measurement as described in Embodiment 8 are executed.

[0083] Implementation method 11: See Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides a specific example of a gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement described in Embodiment 1, and is also used to explain Embodiments 2 to 7. Specifically:

[0084] A gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement includes a cooling jacket 106, an external lens 107, a connecting cable 108, a processing circuit 109, a connecting cable 110, and a host computer 111 embedded with a flashback detection filter processing algorithm.

[0085] The radiation signal of the wall surface 101 to be measured passes through the first optical path 103, penetrates the radiation interference of the flame and the high-temperature gas 102, is received by the infrared lens 107, and is converted into an electrical signal. The signal is sent to the processing circuit 109 through the connecting cable 108 for signal amplification processing, and then sent to the host computer 111 through the connecting cable 110 for flashback detection algorithm processing;

[0086] The cooling jacket 106 wraps the infrared lens 107 to provide a suitable working environment for the infrared lens. The cooling jacket 106 is connected to the cooling medium inlet channel 104 and the cooling medium outlet channel 105.

[0087] The infrared lens 107 structure includes a meniscus lens 204, a lens barrel 205, an aperture stop 206, a thermopile probe fixing frame 207, a thermistor 208, a thermopile probe shell 209, a 3.9um infrared filter 210, and a thermopile chip 211;

[0088] The infrared filter 210 is a 3.9um narrowband filter, which is used to avoid infrared radiation interference from gas and flame in the gas turbine; the aperture diaphragm 206 improves the ratio of the measurement distance to the target diameter by blocking the infrared radiation outside the target spot;

[0089] The transmission range of the meniscus lens 204 of the infrared lens 107 that the wall signal 201 to be measured can reach includes two situations: the range of the third optical path 203 and the range between the second optical path 202 and the third optical path 203; when the wall signal 201 to be measured propagates within the optical path 203, it first passes through the meniscus lens 204, then passes through the aperture stop 206, then passes through the 3.9um infrared filter 210, and finally focuses on the thermopile chip 211; when the wall signal 201 to be measured propagates within the range between the optical path 202 and the optical path 203, it first passes through the meniscus lens 204, and then is blocked by the aperture stop 206;

[0090] Figure 5 The light path diagram for the infrared lens optical path design, the meniscus lens example in the figure has an example diameter of 10mm, a focal length of 22.5mm, a center thickness of 1.1mm, a curvature radius of the front convex surface of 32.2mm, and a curvature radius of the rear convex surface of 12.8mm; the example diameter of the central opening of the aperture stop shown is 2mm, the ratio of the measurement distance to the target diameter is 75:1, and the field angle is 0.76394°; Figure 6 From the defocus MTF data graph of the optical path structure, it can be seen that the curve of the optical path structure of the present application is relatively concentrated in the important field of view; Figure 7 From the point diagram of the optical path structure, it can be seen that the point spread function of the optical path structure of the present application is relatively concentrated at the center position, and the degree of edge discreteness is relatively uniform; the optical path transmission effect of the optical lens designed in the present application is good.

[0091] The detection circuit part is used to detect the weak voltage signal from the infrared probe and the signal of the thermistor, and amplify the signal through the same direction proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier, a resistor and a capacitor, wherein Vin1 is connected to the weak voltage signal, and the example amplification factor is 30, and Vin2 is connected to the signal of the thermistor, and the example amplification factor is 5; in order to reduce the noise interference of the circuit part, a low-noise chopper type operational amplifier is used; the example parameters of the resistor and capacitor of the detection part are as follows: R1, 10KΩ; R2, 2KΩ; R3, 58KΩ; R5, 2KΩ; R4, 8KΩ; C1, 1nF; C2, 10nF; C3, 1nF; C4, 10nF;

[0092] The detection circuit includes a first operational amplifier A1, a second operational amplifier A2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4;

[0093] The infrared lens 107 respectively enters the positive input terminal Vin1 of the first operational amplifier A1 and the positive input terminal Vin2 of the second operational amplifier A2 through the connecting cable 108; the first operational amplifier Vin1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the ground GND; the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier A1 is respectively connected to the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and one end of the second capacitor C2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the ground GND; the output terminal of the first operational amplifier A1 is respectively connected to the third resistor R3, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and one end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC; the first operational amplifier A1 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD and the ground terminal GND;

[0094] The positive input terminal Vin2 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3, and the other ends of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3 are connected to the ground GND; the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier A2 is respectively connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the ground GND; the output terminal of the second operational amplifier A2 is respectively connected to the other ends of the fourth resistor R4, the fourth capacitor C4 and the other end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC; the second operational amplifier A2 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD and the ground terminal GND.

[0095] The microprocessor circuit part is used to digitally convert, process and transmit the voltage signal of the detection part; the ADC module T1 is used to digitally convert the voltage signal of the detection part; the serial port T3 and the level conversion module D1 are used for data transmission; the processor T1 is used to control ADC sampling and serial port transmission, and perform preliminary mean filtering on the digitized data.

[0096] Specifically, the microprocessor circuit includes: a microprocessor module S1 and a level conversion module D1; the microprocessor module S1 includes an analog-to-digital converter ADC, a T1 processor, a T2 processor and a serial port T3; one end of the T2 processor is connected to the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the other end is connected to the serial port T3; the serial port T3 is connected to the level conversion module D1 through connecting lines RX and TX, and the level conversion module D1 is connected to the host computer through Out+ and Out-;

[0097] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R7 through the connection line BOOT0, and connected to one end of the resistor R8 through the connection line BOOT1; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the port 2 of the socket H1, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the port 5 of the socket H1; the ports 1 and 4 of the socket H1 are connected to the power supply VDD, and the ports 3 and 6 of the socket H1 are connected to the ground GND;

[0098] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to port 2 of the socket H2 via a connection line SWDIO and to port 3 of the socket H2 via a connection line SWCLK; port 1 of the socket H2 is connected to a power source VDD, and port 4 of the socket H1 is connected to a ground GND.

[0099] The host computer 111 is embedded with a tempering detection filtering algorithm, which receives the temperature signal from the sensor in S01 output by the connecting cable 110, performs Kalman filtering, and outputs it to S02. S02 determines whether it is in a firing state according to the temperature signal. If it is judged to be no, it enters S03 without performing tempering judgment; if it is judged to be yes, it enters S06 and performs Savitzky-Golay filtering. The order and window size of the Savitzky-Golay filtering processing are from S04. After S06, S07 is performed to calculate the current temperature change rate. Calculate; after S07, perform S08 to judge the maximum temperature change rate. If it is judged yes, perform S09 to update the maximum temperature change rate. If it is judged otherwise, perform S10 to keep the maximum temperature change rate as before; the outputs of S10 and S09 are input to step S11 to perform criterion 2 calculation; after S07, perform S12 at the same time to calculate criterion 1; the outputs of S11 and S12 are input to step S13 to judge tempering using criterion 1 and criterion 2. If it is judged yes, enter S14, tempering occurs, and the machine is shut down. If it is judged otherwise, return to step S01;

[0100] The two criteria in the tempering detection filtering algorithm process are to judge whether tempering occurs in the equipment based on the temperature change rate. Although the noise will be suppressed after filtering, the rapid temperature change caused by tempering will also be attenuated after filtering. By setting different filtering parameters, the relationship between it and the final temperature change rate is obtained. The least squares method is used for linear fitting. In order to leave a certain margin, criterion 1 is taken as 2 / 3 of the maximum temperature change rate, and criterion 2 is obtained based on the ratio of the current temperature change rate to the historical maximum temperature change rate. This criterion is mainly to avoid the influence of noise.

[0101] According to the gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement of the present invention, a set of actual measurement results are shown, such as Figure 8 As shown, the measured signal is Figure 4 The algorithm shown in the figure obtains the temperature, temperature change rate and tempering occurrence point. Figure 8 The two tempering occurrence points in the figure are marked on the temperature and temperature change rate curves respectively, pointing to the same moment.

[0102] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present disclosure may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc., which contain computer-usable program code.

[0103] The present disclosure is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, device systems, and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram and the combination of the processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific way, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including an instruction device, which implements the functions specified in the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0104] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure rather than to limit its protection scope. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that after reading the present disclosure, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the protection scope of the disclosed claims to be approved.

Claims

1. A gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement, characterized in that: The device comprises: A cooling jacket (106), an infrared lens (107), a first cable (108), a processing circuit (109), a second cable (110), and a host computer (111); The cooling jacket (106) is arranged outside the infrared lens (107), the processing circuit (109) is connected to the infrared lens (107) via a first cable (108), and the host computer (111) is connected to the processing circuit (109) via a second cable (110); a cooling medium inlet channel (104) and a cooling medium outlet channel (105) are provided on both sides of the cooling jacket (106).

2. A gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared lens (107) comprises: a meniscus lens (204), a lens barrel (205), an aperture stop (206), a thermopile probe fixing frame (207), a thermistor (208), a thermopile probe shell (209), a 3.9 um infrared filter (210) and a thermopile chip (211); The meniscus lens (204), the aperture stop (206), and the thermopile probe fixing frame (207) are fixed on the lens barrel (205) in sequence; The thermopile probe shell (209) covers the refractive part of the 3.9 um infrared filter (210) and is fixed on the thermopile probe fixing frame (207), and the thermistor (208) is arranged inside the thermopile probe shell (209); When propagating within the range of the first optical path (203), the wall signal (201) to be measured passes through the meniscus lens (204); then passes through the aperture diaphragm (206) and enters the 3.9um infrared filter (210); the signal is focused onto the thermopile chip (211) through the 3.9um infrared filter (210).

3. A gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing circuit (109) comprises: a detection circuit and a microprocessor circuit; the detection circuit is used to detect the weak voltage signal from the infrared probe and the signal from the thermistor, and amplify the signal through a proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier, a resistor and a capacitor; the microprocessor circuit part is used to perform digital conversion, data processing and data transmission on the voltage signal of the detection part.

4. A gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection circuit includes a first operational amplifier A1, a second operational amplifier A2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4; The infrared lens (107) respectively enters the positive input terminal Vin1 of the first operational amplifier A1 and the positive input terminal Vin2 of the second operational amplifier A2 through a connecting cable (108); the first operational amplifier Vin1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the ground GND; the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier A1 is respectively connected to the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and one end of the second capacitor C2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the ground GND; the output terminal of the first operational amplifier A1 is respectively connected to the third resistor R3, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and one end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC; the first operational amplifier A1 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD and the ground terminal GND; The positive input terminal Vin2 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3, and the other ends of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3 are connected to the ground GND; the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier A2 is respectively connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the ground GND; the output terminal of the second operational amplifier A2 is respectively connected to the other ends of the fourth resistor R4, the fourth capacitor C4 and the other end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC; the second operational amplifier A2 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD and the ground terminal GND.

5. The gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microprocessor circuit comprises: a microprocessor module S1 and a level conversion module D1; the microprocessor module S1 comprises an analog-to-digital converter ADC, a T1 processor, a T2 processor and a serial port T3; one end of the T2 processor is connected to the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the other end is connected to the serial port T3; the serial port T3 is connected to the level conversion module D1 through connecting lines RX and TX, and the level conversion module D1 is connected to the host computer through Out+ and Out-; The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R7 through the connection line BOOT0, and connected to one end of the resistor R8 through the connection line BOOT1; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the port 2 of the socket H1, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the port 5 of the socket H1; the ports 1 and 4 of the socket H1 are connected to the power supply VDD, and the ports 3 and 6 of the socket H1 are connected to the ground GND; The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to port 2 of the socket H2 via a connection line SWDIO and to port 3 of the socket H2 via a connection line SWCLK; port 1 of the socket H2 is connected to a power source VDD, and port 4 of the socket H1 is connected to a ground GND.

6. A gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host computer embeds a tempering detection filtering processing algorithm for tempering judgment, including: Receive the temperature signal from the sensor and perform Kalman filtering; According to the temperature signal, determine whether it is in the firing state; If it is not in the firing state, no backfire judgment is performed; and Savitzky-Golay filtering is performed; Calculate the current temperature change rate; and determine the maximum temperature change rate based on the current temperature change rate; update the maximum temperature change rate; the maximum temperature change rate remains the previous one; Determine the threshold based on actual conditions and historical data; use criteria 1 and 2 to make tempering judgments; Flashback occurs and the machine shuts down.

7. A gas turbine flashback detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first criterion is 2 / 3 of the maximum temperature change rate; the second criterion is the ratio of the current temperature change rate to the historical maximum temperature change rate.

8. A gas turbine flashback detection method based on infrared online measurement, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method comprises: The radiation signal of the wall surface (101) to be measured passes through the first optical path (103), penetrates the radiation interference of the flame and the high-temperature gas (102), is received by the infrared lens (107), and is converted into an electrical signal. The signal enters the processing circuit (109) through the first cable (108) for signal amplification processing, and then enters the host computer (111) through the second cable (110) for backfire filter detection algorithm processing.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: It comprises a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes a flashback detection filtering processing algorithm in a gas turbine flashback detection method based on infrared online measurement as described in claim 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, executes the steps of a flashback detection filtering algorithm in a gas turbine flashback detection method based on infrared online measurement as claimed in any one of claim 8.

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