Method, system, electronic device and medium for optimal configuration and economic evaluation of multiple energy storages

Abstract

The present invention provides a method, system, electronic device and medium for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multiple energy storages, belonging to the technical field of power systems, and comprising the following steps: Step S1, obtaining the current situation of new energy installed capacity and future development trend information within the administrative region; Step S2, constructing an optimization configuration model for multiple energy storages; Step S3, solving the optimization configuration model for multiple energy storages to obtain the optimal configuration scheme for multiple energy storages; Step S4, conducting economic evaluation by combining two types of long-term and short-term energy storage regulation devices, namely pumped storage and electrochemical energy storage. By adopting the above-mentioned method, system, electronic device and medium for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multiple energy storages, reasonably planning and investing in these two types of energy storage facilities not only helps to solve the problem of new energy surplus, but also can significantly reduce the dependence on thermal power units and smooth the annual net load curve, thereby improving the stability and economy of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular, to a method, system, electronic device and medium for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multiple energy storages. Background Art

[0002] With the transformation of the global energy structure and the enhancement of environmental awareness, new energy power generation, such as wind energy and solar energy, has become an increasingly important part of the power system. However, due to the obvious intermittency and randomness of new energy power generation, the power supply-demand balance of the power system faces unprecedented challenges. On the one hand, a large amount of new energy connected to the power grid may lead to power surplus in local periods, resulting in waste of resources; on the other hand, when the output of new energy is insufficient, power shortages may occur, affecting the stable operation of the power system. Therefore, how to effectively absorb new energy and maintain the stability of power supply has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] As one of the key means to solve the above problems, energy storage technology has received extensive attention and development in recent years. The energy storage system can store the excess power during the peak period of new energy power generation and release the stored energy during the peak demand or when the output of new energy is insufficient, so as to realize the temporal and spatial transfer of power and smooth the load curve. At present, there are various energy storage technologies in the market, including pumped-storage energy storage, electrochemical energy storage (such as lithium-ion batteries), flywheel energy storage, compressed air energy storage, etc., each of which has different technical characteristics and application scenarios.

[0004] Although the development of energy storage technology provides strong support for the stable operation of the power system, there are still some problems in practical applications. First, the selection and configuration of different types of energy storage technologies lack systematic methodological guidance, resulting in difficulty in finding the optimal energy storage solution in actual projects. Second, the construction and operation costs of the energy storage system are relatively high. How to maximize economic benefits on the premise of ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the power system has also become an important issue. In addition, the design of the energy storage system also needs to consider its compatibility with the existing power network, as well as factors such as its impact on the environment and society. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, system, electronic device and medium for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multiple energy storages. Reasonably planning and investing in these two types of energy storage facilities not only helps to solve the problem of new energy surplus, but also can significantly reduce the dependence on thermal power units and smooth the annual net load curve, thereby improving the stability and economy of the power system.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multiple energy storages, including the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Obtain the current situation of new energy installed capacity and future development trend information within the administrative region;

[0008] Step S2: Construct a multi - energy storage optimal configuration model;

[0009] Step S3: Solve the multi - energy storage optimal configuration model to obtain the optimal multi - energy storage configuration plan;

[0010] Step S4: Conduct an economic evaluation by combining two types of long - and short - term energy storage regulation equipment, namely pumped - storage energy storage and electrochemical energy storage.

[0011] Preferably, in Step S1, the current situation of new energy installed capacity includes: the installed capacity and location of existing wind power, photovoltaic, and pumped - storage resources within the region; the future development trend information includes: the increment of wind power and photovoltaic installed capacity within the next three years, as well as the growth of regional electricity demand and the market consumption capacity of new energy.

[0012] Preferably, in Step S2, the objective function of the multi - energy storage optimal configuration model is as follows:

[0013] Objective = C op +C plan (1);

[0014] C op =C inj +C ch1 +C ch2 (2);

[0015]

[0016] C plan =C1 + C2×κ(6);

[0017] C1 = c p ×P max +c e ×E max (7);

[0018] C2 = c m ×P max (8);

[0019]

[0020] Among them, Objective represents the objective function; i = 1, 2,..., 24 represents the running time, 24 represents 24 hours; the combination of multi - energy storage involves two different types of energy storage, represented by energy storage 1 and 2 respectively; C op represents the operating cost; C plan represents the energy storage planning cost; C inj represents the cost of purchasing electricity from the superior power grid by the administrative region;ch Denote the charging and discharging loss cost of multiple energy storages; C ch1 and C ch2 respectively denote the charging costs of energy storages 1 and 2; P inj (i) denotes the power injected by the superior power grid into the administrative region at the i-th moment; c ele (i) denotes the electricity purchase price of the administrative region from the superior power grid at the i-th moment; t i Denote the time granularity; P ch1 (i), P ch2 (i) respectively denote the charging powers of energy storages 1 and 2 at the i-th moment; P dis1 (i), P dis2 (i) respectively denote the discharging powers of energy storages 1 and 2 at the i-th moment; c d1 and c d2 respectively denote the loss costs per unit of charge and discharge of energy storages 1 and 2; C1 denotes the initial investment cost of the energy storage; C2 denotes the operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage; c e Denote the construction cost per unit capacity of the energy storage; c m Denote the operation cost per unit power of the energy storage; P max Denote the rated power of the energy storage; E max Denote the rated capacity of the energy storage; κ denotes the equal annual value coefficient; c p Denote the construction cost per unit power of the energy storage; r denotes the discount rate; n denotes the operation years of the energy storage.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2, the constraint conditions of the multiple energy storage optimal configuration model include: the power balance constraint of the administrative region, the power limit constraints of each output subject, and the charge and discharge characteristic constraints of the multiple energy storage devices;

[0022] The power limit constraints of the output subject include the power injection constraint of the superior power grid, the total charge and discharge power constraint of the energy storage device, and the charge and discharge power constraint of the energy storage device;

[0023] The charge and discharge characteristic constraints of the multiple energy storage devices include the energy multiple constraint between the rated capacity and the rated power of the energy storage, the continuity constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage, the state of charge constraint of the energy storage, the initialization constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage, and the response speed constraint of the energy storage device.

[0024] Preferably, the power balance constraint of the administrative region is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, the time granularity of the power balance constraint of the administrative region is 15 minutes, and there are 96 timing points in 24 hours a day, that is, j = 1, 2,..., 96; P w (j), P v (j) respectively denote the outputs of the wind turbine and the photovoltaic unit in the administrative region at the j-th moment;chk (j), P disk (j) respectively represent the charging and discharging power of the k-th energy storage device at the j-th moment; P D (j) represents the electricity load of the administrative region at the j-th moment; represents the energy storage set.

[0027] Preferably, the injection power constraint of the superior power grid is as follows:

[0028] 0 ≤ P inj ≤ P injm (11);

[0029] The total charge and discharge power constraint of the energy storage device is as follows

[0030]

[0031] The charging / discharging power constraint of the energy storage device is as follows:

[0032] 0 ≤ P disk (j) ≤ B disk (j)P maxk (13);

[0033] 0 ≤ P chk (j) ≤ B chk (j)P maxk (14);

[0034] Among them, P inj represents the injection power of the superior power grid; E maxk represents the rated capacity of the k-th energy storage device; P injm represents the maximum power injected by the superior power grid into the administrative region; P maxk represents the rated charge and discharge power of the k-th energy storage device; B disk (j), B chk (j) respectively represent the 0-1 variables that limit the charge and discharge states of the energy storage, and satisfy the following constraints:

[0035] B disk (j) + B chk (j) ≤ 1 (15).

[0036] Preferably, the energy multiple constraint between the rated capacity and the rated power of the energy storage is as follows:

[0037] E maxk = βP maxk (16);

[0038] The continuity constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] The constraints on the state of charge of energy storage are as follows:

[0041] SOC mink ≤SOC k (j)≤SOC maxk (18);

[0042] The initialization constraints on the state of charge of energy storage are as follows:

[0043] SOC k (1)=SOC k (96)(19);

[0044] The response speed constraints of energy storage devices are as follows:

[0045] P disk (j)=P disk (j + 1)=…=P disk (j + n) (20);

[0046] Among them, β is the energy multiple coefficient between the rated capacity and the rated power of energy storage; SOC k (j) represents the state of charge of the kth energy storage device at the jth moment; SOC k (j + 1) represents the state of charge of the kth energy storage device at the (j + 1)th moment; η k represents the charge / discharge efficiency of the kth energy storage device; SOC maxk 、SOC mink respectively represent the maximum and minimum states of charge of the kth energy storage device; n represents the length of the response duration.

[0047] The present invention also provides a multi - energy - storage optimal configuration and economic evaluation system, including:

[0048] A data collection module, which is used to obtain the current situation of new - energy installation and future development trend information within the administrative region. Among them, the current situation of new - energy installation includes the installed capacity and location of existing wind power, photovoltaic, and pumped - storage resources within the region, and the future development trend information includes the increment of wind power and photovoltaic installations within the next three years, as well as the growth of power demand within the region and the market consumption capacity of new energy;

[0049] A model construction module, which is used to construct a multi - energy - storage optimal configuration model and establish corresponding objective functions and constraint conditions;

[0050] A calculation and analysis module, which is used to solve the multi - energy - storage optimal configuration model and obtain the optimal multi - energy - storage configuration plan;

[0051] An economic evaluation module, which is used to compare and study the economic benefits of various multi - energy - storage configuration plans during the operation period;

[0052] A result output module for presenting the results of computational analysis, including the optimal energy storage configuration plan and its economic benefit evaluation.

[0053] The present invention also provides a computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned multi-energy storage optimization configuration and economic evaluation method are implemented.

[0054] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned multi-energy storage optimization configuration and economic evaluation method are implemented.

[0055] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned multi-energy storage optimization configuration and economic evaluation method, system, electronic device and medium, and the beneficial technical effects are as follows:

[0056] (1) Optimize the resource allocation of the power system: By establishing a multi-energy storage optimization configuration model and combining the current situation and future development prediction of new energy installed capacity within the administrative region, this method can help decision-makers find the best energy storage configuration plan to achieve the effective allocation of power resources. This optimization configuration not only considers the minimization of operating costs, but also takes into account economy and safety, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the entire power system.

[0057] (2) Improve the new energy consumption capacity: By using different types of energy storage technologies such as electrochemical energy storage and pumped-storage energy storage, this method can flexibly adjust the power supply and demand on different time scales. Especially in the case of unstable new energy output, it effectively alleviates the problems of power surplus and shortage, promotes the full consumption of new energy, and reduces the occurrence of wind and light abandonment phenomena.

[0058] (3) Reduce the overall operating cost: By carefully analyzing the comprehensive cost of energy storage devices (including the initial investment cost and the operation and maintenance cost during the whole life cycle), and comparing it with the on-grid electricity price and operating cost of thermal power units, this method can identify the most economically beneficial energy storage technology combination. Experiments prove that reasonable planning of energy storage facilities can significantly reduce the total operating cost of the whole region and improve the economy of the power system.

[0059] (4) Enhance the flexibility and stability of the power system: Electrochemical energy storage is mainly responsible for daily peak shaving and valley filling tasks, while pumped-storage energy storage focuses on power dispatching on a longer time scale. The combination of the two can effectively smooth the net load curve of the power system, reduce the dependence on thermal power units, and make the power supply curve of thermal power more stable. This not only improves the flexibility of the power system, but also enhances its emergency response ability in the face of emergencies.

[0060] (5) Delay the demand for power grid expansion: By deploying energy storage solutions suitable for short-term and long-term regulation, this method can effectively postpone the expansion demand of thermal power units and power grid infrastructure, reduce the costs of power system construction and transformation, and at the same time reduce the impact on the environment.

[0061] (6) Promote the development of energy storage technologies: The economic evaluation method provided by the present invention provides a clear direction for the research and development and commercialization of energy storage technologies, and helps to promote the healthy development of the energy storage industry. By quantitatively analyzing the economic benefits of various energy storage technologies, it can help relevant enterprises better understand the market demand and accelerate the pace of technological innovation. Description of the Drawings

[0062] Figure 1 It is the annual output characteristics of two types of energy storage power stations in the whole region;

[0063] Figure 2 It is the annual output characteristics of wind and solar power stations in the whole region;

[0064] Figure 3 It is the annual load reduction characteristics of the whole region;

[0065] Figure 4 It is the output characteristics of thermal power units in the whole region;

[0066] Figure 5 It is a comparison chart of the annual net load characteristics of the whole region before and after optimization. Detailed Embodiments

[0067] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0069] Embodiment 1

[0070] The present invention provides a method for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multiple energy storages, including the following steps:

[0071] Step S1: Obtain the current situation and future development trend information of new energy installations within the administrative region.

[0072] The current situation of new energy installations includes: the installed capacity and locations of existing wind power, photovoltaic, and pumped storage resources within the region; the future development trend information includes: the increments of wind power and photovoltaic installations in the next three years, as well as the growth of power demand within the region and the market consumption capacity of new energy.

[0073] Step S2: Construct an optimization configuration model for multiple energy storages.

[0074] The objective function of the optimization configuration model for multiple energy storages is as follows:

[0075] Objective-C op +C plan (1);

[0076] C op =C inj +C ch1 +C ch2 (2);

[0077]

[0078] C plan =C1 + C2×κ(6);

[0079] C1 = c p ×P max +c e ×E max (7);

[0080] C2 = c m ×P max (8);

[0081]

[0082] Among them, Objective represents the objective function; i = 1, 2,..., 24 represents the running time, and 24 represents 24 hours; the combination of multiple energy storages involves two different types of energy storages, represented by energy storage 1 and 2 respectively; for example, 1 is a power-type energy storage and 2 is a standby-type energy storage combination, which can smooth the output of renewable energy, perform system frequency regulation, and provide reactive power support, etc. 1 is a capacity-type energy storage and 2 is a standby-type energy storage combination, which can improve the transient stability of the system, track the power generation plan, and relieve equipment congestion, etc. 1 is an energy-type energy storage and 2 is a power-type energy storage combination, which can operate the microgrid, improve the power quality, participate in grid ancillary services, and standby power scenarios. C op represents the operating cost; C plan represents the energy storage planning cost; C inj represents the cost of purchasing electricity from the superior power grid by the administrative region; C ch represents the charge and discharge loss cost of multiple energy storages; C ch1 、C ch2 respectively represent the charging costs of energy storage 1 and 2; P inj (i) represents the power injected by the superior power grid into the administrative region at the i-th moment; c ele (i) represents the electricity purchase price of the administrative region from the superior power grid at the i-th moment; t i represents the time granularity; P ch1 (i), P ch2 (i) respectively represent the charging powers of energy storage 1 and 2 at the i-th moment; P dis1 (i), Pdis2 (i) respectively represent the discharge powers of energy storages 1 and 2 at the i-th moment; c d1 、c d2 respectively represent the loss costs per unit charge-discharge amount of energy storages 1 and 2; C1 represents the initial investment cost of the energy storage; C2 represents the operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage; c e represents the construction cost per unit capacity of the energy storage; c m represents the operation cost per unit power of the energy storage; P max represents the rated power of the energy storage; E max represents the rated capacity of the energy storage; κ represents the equal annual value coefficient; c p represents the construction cost per unit power of the energy storage; r represents the discount rate; n represents the operation years of the energy storage.

[0083] The constraint conditions of the multi-energy storage optimal configuration model include: the power balance constraint of the administrative region, the power limit constraint of each power output entity, and the charge-discharge characteristic constraint of the multi-energy storage device;

[0084] The power limit constraint of the power output entity includes the power injection constraint of the superior power grid, the total charge-discharge amount constraint of the energy storage device, and the charge-discharge power constraint of the energy storage device;

[0085] The charge-discharge characteristic constraint of the multi-energy storage device includes the energy multiple constraint between the rated capacity and the rated power of the energy storage, the continuity constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage, the state of charge constraint of the energy storage, the initialization constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage, and the response speed constraint of the energy storage device.

[0086] The power balance constraint of the administrative region is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, the time granularity of the power balance constraint of the administrative region is 15 minutes, and there are 96 timing points in 24 hours a day, that is, j = 1, 2,..., 96; P w (j), P v (j) respectively represent the output powers of the wind turbine and the photovoltaic unit in the administrative region at the j-th moment; P chk (j), P disk (j) respectively represent the charge and discharge powers of the k-th energy storage device at the j-th moment; P D (j) represents the magnitude of the electricity load in the administrative region at the j-th moment; represents the energy storage set.

[0089] The power injection constraint of the superior power grid is as follows:

[0090] 0 ≤ P inj ≤ P injm (11);

[0091] The total charge-discharge amount constraint of the energy storage device is as follows

[0092]

[0093] The charging / discharging power constraint of the energy storage device is as follows:

[0094] 0 ≤ P disk (j) ≤ B disk (j)P maxk (13);

[0095] 0 ≤ P chk (j) ≤ B chk (j)P maxk (14);

[0096] Among them, P inj represents the injection power of the superior power grid; E maxk represents the rated capacity of the kth energy storage device; P injm represents the maximum power injected by the superior power grid into the administrative region; P maxk represents the rated charging / discharging power of the kth energy storage device; B disk (j), B chk (j) respectively represent the 0-1 variables that limit the charging / discharging state of the energy storage, and satisfy the following constraints:

[0097] B disk (j) + B chk (j) ≤ 1(15);

[0098] The energy multiple constraint between the rated capacity and the rated power of the energy storage is as follows:

[0099] E maxk = βP maxk (16);

[0100] The continuity constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] The state of charge constraint of the energy storage is as follows:

[0103] SOC mink ≤ SOC k (j) ≤ SOC maxk (18);

[0104] The initialization constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage is as follows:

[0105] SOC k (1) = SOC k (96)(19);

[0106] The response speed constraint of the energy storage device is as follows:

[0107] P disk P(j) = disk P(j + 1) = … = disk P(j + n) (20);

[0108] where β is the energy multiple coefficient between the rated capacity and the rated power of energy storage; SOC k SOC(j) represents the state of charge of the k-th energy storage device at the j-th moment; k SOC(j + 1) represents the state of charge of the k-th energy storage device at the (j + 1)-th moment; η k represents the charge / discharge efficiency of the k-th energy storage device; SOC maxk and SOC mink represent the maximum and minimum states of charge of the k-th energy storage device respectively; n represents the length of the response duration.

[0109] Step S3: Solve the multi-energy storage optimal configuration model to obtain the optimal multi-energy storage configuration plan.

[0110] Step S4: Conduct an economic evaluation by combining two types of long-term and short-term energy storage regulation devices, pumped-storage energy storage and electrochemical energy storage.

[0111] Equipment selection: According to the multi-energy storage optimal configuration model, compare and study the economic benefits of various multi-energy storage configuration plans during the operation period.

[0112] In this model, two types of long-term and short-term energy storage regulation devices, pumped-storage energy storage and electrochemical energy storage, are mainly considered.

[0113] A pumped-storage power station is a water-based battery, which has the advantages of quick start and stop, flexible and reliable operation, and can quickly respond to load changes. It can play the functions of peak shaving, frequency modulation, phase modulation and emergency standby according to the specific situation of the power system where it is located, and make full use of the reservoir water volume and pumping / generation output to meet the needs of the safe and economic operation of the power system. During the power generation process, the pumped-storage energy storage is equivalent to a conventional hydropower station, while the pumping process is equivalent to a large power user. Of course, there is also efficiency loss in the pumped-storage power station. The comprehensive efficiency of pumped-storage energy storage (the ratio of generated electricity to pumped electricity) is generally about 75%, and that of pumped-storage power stations with superior conditions can reach more than 80%. Even so, it is still cost-effective because its rapid and flexible peak shaving function avoids the high coal consumption operation and equipment loss of thermal power units and ensures the consumption of new energy.

[0114] Electrochemical energy storage technology mainly refers to the application of chemical battery energy storage systems. Charging and discharging are achieved through oxidation reactions between the positive and negative electrodes of chemical batteries, ultimately realizing the conversion and storage between chemical energy and electrical energy. Chemical energy storage systems can achieve rapid power throughput processing and are also one of the energy storage technologies with relatively mature current technical levels. The specific comparisons of various chemical energy storages are shown in Table 1 below.

[0115] Table 1 Performance Comparison of Different Chemical Energy Storage Technologies

[0116]

[0117] When selecting energy storage technology, the application scenario of energy storage should be considered first. Different application scenarios have different emphases on the requirements of energy storage. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the demand purpose and technology type. Ensuring the safety and reliability of the energy storage system is the primary task. In addition, various characteristics of energy storage technology need to be considered, including but not limited to initial investment, maintenance cost, energy conversion efficiency, self-discharge rate, cycle life, technical complexity, response speed, and adaptability to the site and environment. Especially for chemical energy storage, environmental temperature is an important factor. For example, under extreme low-temperature conditions (such as -40°C), nickel-cadmium (Cd / Ni) batteries and supercapacitors show the best performance; while under high-temperature conditions (such as 60°C), nickel-zinc (Zn / Ni) batteries, nickel-metal hydride (MH / Ni) batteries, and supercapacitors are more suitable.

[0118] In addition, economic benefits are an indispensable consideration factor when selecting energy storage technology. The economic benefits of energy storage are mainly reflected in the following aspects: unit investment and construction cost, operation and maintenance cost, cycle service life, energy conversion efficiency, and self-discharge rate. The unit cost can be further divided into capacity cost and power cost. Through comprehensive comparison of these indicators, various energy storage technologies can be comprehensively evaluated. The data obtained from the evaluation of major chemical energy storages are shown in Table 2 below.

[0119] Table 2 Economic Benefits of Different Chemical Energy Storage Technologies

[0120]

[0121] By comprehensively comparing the performance and economic benefits of energy storage technologies, select the energy storage technology that best meets specific requirements. Through comprehensive analysis of these indicators, it can be ensured that the selected energy storage technology is not only economically competitive but also meets the performance requirements under specific application scenarios, thus achieving the optimal energy storage configuration plan.

[0122] The following further illustrates the present invention through specific examples.

[0123] First, analyze and compare the costs of two types of equipment, pumped storage and electrochemical energy storage.

[0124] 1. The costs of pumped storage power stations mainly consist of construction engineering costs, mechanical and electrical equipment engineering and installation costs, as well as construction auxiliary costs, environmental protection costs, land acquisition and resettlement compensation costs for construction, etc. According to the "China Renewable Energy Project Cost Management Report 2023" released by the Hydroelectric and Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute and the Pumped Storage Industry Branch of the China Hydropower Engineering Society, the installation cost of pumped storage power stations is approximately between 0.58 and 0.70 yuan / Wh. For cost estimation, we take the median value of 0.65 yuan / Wh, which means that the installation cost per megawatt-hour (MWh) is approximately 650,000 yuan.

[0125] 2. For the installation cost of electrochemical energy storage systems, it can be divided into several key components:

[0126] The battery pack (cells) accounts for about 67% of the total cost, and the cost is about 0.62 yuan / Wh;

[0127] The energy storage inverter (PCS) accounts for about 10% of the total cost, and the cost is about 0.28 yuan / Wh;

[0128] The battery management system (BMS) accounts for about 9% of the total cost, and the cost is about 0.15 yuan / Wh;

[0129] The energy management system (EMS) accounts for about 2% of the total cost, and the cost is about 0.18 yuan / Wh;

[0130] Other electrical equipment, such as boost devices, panel cabinets and cables, etc., accounts for about 3% of the total cost, and the cost is about 0.1 yuan / Wh.

[0131] Adding up these costs, the installation cost of the electrochemical energy storage system is about 1.33 yuan / Wh, which is equivalent to 1.33 million yuan per megawatt-hour.

[0132] II. Combining the operation costs, charge and discharge efficiency, maximum operation duration, etc. of pumped storage and electrochemical energy storage equipment for comprehensive comparison, the on-grid electricity price of thermal power units is about 0.3 yuan / kWh, that is, the power generation cost is 0.03 million yuan per megawatt-hour; while the cost per kilowatt-hour of pumped storage power stations is about 0.213 yuan / kWh, which is converted to about 0.02 million yuan per megawatt-hour for operation and maintenance costs. The cost per kilowatt-hour of electrochemical energy storage is set at 0.03 million yuan / MWh, and its charge and discharge efficiency is 95% for both. The maximum discharge duration of electrochemical energy storage is set at 2 hours, while that of pumped storage power stations can reach 7 hours. In addition, the water quantity - electricity conversion coefficient of pumped storage power stations is 561.75 m 3 / MWh during discharge and 748.5 m 3 / MWh during charging, and the electricity balance ratio is 50%. As for thermal power units, their up and down ramp - up capacity limit is 80% of their maximum power generation capacity.

[0133] III. After calculation, when the optimization objective is to minimize the sum of the total investment cost and the overall operation cost of electrochemical energy storage and pumped-storage power stations, the overall short-term and long-term energy storage planning and allocation results in this region are shown in Table 3.

[0134] Table 3 Overall Short-term and Long-term Energy Storage Planning and Operation Costs

[0135]

[0136] After considering the safe, stable and economic power supply demand in the region over the next decade, a total of 1,270.21 MW of new pumped-storage power stations and 1,375.81 MW of new electrochemical energy storage power stations will be added on the original basis. To further analyze the specific long-term and short-term energy storage planning solutions, the planning and layout results of the two types of energy storage at each node are summarized in Table 4. It can be seen that pumped-storage power station planning expansion plans have been formed at both pumped-storage nodes. For electrochemical energy storage, although the energy storage capacity can be increased at the existing 7 electrochemical energy storage nodes, considering the overall network topology constraints and operation safety and economy, planning expansion plans for electrochemical energy storage have only been formed at Node 1 and Node 19.

[0137] Table 4 Overall Short-term and Long-term Energy Storage Planning and Layout Results

[0138] Node location Energy storage type Planned power (MW) Planned capacity (MWh) 4 Pumped storage 649.47 1498.66 8 Pumped storage 620.74 4345.18 1 Electrochemical energy storage 697.51 1395.02 19 Electrochemical energy storage 678.29 1356.59

[0139] IV. Comprehensive Analysis

[0140] By analyzing the utilization of various power generation units and flexible regulation resources in the region and plotting charts of the annual output characteristics of electrochemical energy storage power stations, pumped-storage power stations, wind and photovoltaic power generation units, overall load reduction measures, and thermal power units (as shown in Figures 1 to 4 ), it can be observed that with the combined action of electrochemical energy storage and pumped-storage, 100% of the new energy power is locally consumed in the region. Specifically, electrochemical energy storage is mainly responsible for daily peak shaving and valley filling tasks, while pumped-storage focuses on monthly power scheduling.

[0141] The changes in the overall net load characteristics before and after optimization are further analyzed, and the comparison of the annual net load characteristics before and after optimization is shown in Figure 5 . The results show that by reasonably planning and investing in the two types of energy storage facilities, not only the problem of overabundant new energy is solved, but also after combining the flexibility regulation function of the energy storage facilities and appropriate load reduction measures, the overall dependence on thermal power units throughout the year is significantly reduced, and the power supply curve of thermal power becomes smoother. This indicates that by deploying energy storage solutions suitable for short-term and long-term regulation, the annual net load curve can be effectively smoothed, and the need for thermal power unit and grid expansion can be postponed.

[0142] To prove the importance of planning long- and short-term energy storage facilities, the operation situation without new energy storage facilities was calculated, as shown in Table 5. The data show that if new long- and short-term energy storage facilities are not built, the operation cost of the whole region will increase significantly in the next decade, exceeding the overall planning cost including energy storage facilities. This is because the lack of sufficient energy storage capacity will lead to a larger-scale load reduction, thus affecting the safe and stable operation of the system. Therefore, formulating a reasonable optimization configuration strategy for long- and short-term energy storage can effectively improve the balance economy between power supply and demand in the whole region, and this method has great economic applicability.

[0143] Table 5 Operation cost of long- and short-term energy storage planning in the whole region

[0144]

[0145] Example 2

[0146] A multi-energy storage optimization configuration and economic evaluation system includes:

[0147] A data collection module for obtaining the current situation and future development trend information of new energy installations within an administrative region. Among them, the current situation of new energy installations includes the installed capacity and location of existing wind power, photovoltaic, and pumped storage resources within the region, and the future development trend information includes the increments of wind power and photovoltaic installations in the next three years, as well as the growth of power demand and the market consumption capacity of new energy within the region;

[0148] A model construction module for constructing a multi-energy storage optimization configuration model and establishing corresponding objective functions and constraints;

[0149] A calculation and analysis module for solving the multi-energy storage optimization configuration model to obtain the optimal multi-energy storage configuration plan;

[0150] An economic evaluation module for comparing and studying the economic benefits of various multi-energy storage configuration plans during the operation period; various energy storages include capacity-type energy storage, power-type energy storage, energy-type energy storage, and standby-type energy storage.

[0151] A result output module for displaying the results of calculation and analysis, including the optimal energy storage configuration plan and its economic benefit evaluation.

[0152] When the above functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0153] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or described in other ways herein, for example, can be considered as a defined sequence list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other systems that can fetch and execute instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, apparatuses, or devices. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0154] More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: electrical connection parts with one or more wirings (electronic devices), portable computer disk cartridges (magnetic devices), random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memories), optical fiber devices, and portable compact disc read-only memories (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, because the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, then editing, interpreting, or processing it in other suitable ways when necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0155] It should be noted that the content not elaborated in detail in the present invention is all prior art and is well known to those skilled in the art.

[0156] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned multi-energy storage optimization configuration and economic evaluation method, system, electronic device and medium. Reasonably planning and investing in these two types of energy storage facilities not only helps to solve the problem of new energy surplus, but also can significantly reduce the dependence on thermal power units and smooth the annual net load curve, thereby improving the stability and economy of the power system.

[0157] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multiple energy storages, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the current status and future development trend information of new energy installed capacity within the administrative region; Step S2: Construct a multi - energy storage optimal configuration model; Step S3: Solve the multi - energy storage optimal configuration model to obtain the optimal multi - energy storage configuration plan; Step S4: Conduct an economic evaluation by combining two types of long - and short - term energy storage regulation devices, namely pumped - storage energy storage and electrochemical energy storage; In Step S2, the objective function of the multi - energy storage optimal configuration model is as follows: （1）； （2）； （3）； （4）； （5）； （6）； （7）； （8）； （9）； Among them, represents the objective function; represents the running time, where 24 represents 24 hours; the combination of multiple energy storages involves two different types of energy storages, represented by Energy Storage 1 and 2 respectively; represents the operating cost; represents the energy storage planning cost; represents the cost of purchasing electricity from the superior power grid in the administrative region; and represent the charging costs of Energy Storage 1 and 2 respectively; represents the time when the superior power grid injects power into the administrative region; represents the time when the administrative region purchases electricity from the superior power grid; represents the time granularity; and represent the charging powers of Energy Storage 1 and 2 at the time respectively; and represent the discharging powers of Energy Storage 1 and 2 at the time respectively; and represent the unit charge-discharge loss costs of Energy Storage 1 and 2 respectively; represents the initial investment cost of the energy storage; represents the operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage; represents the construction cost per unit capacity of the energy storage; represents the operation cost per unit power of the energy storage; represents the rated power of the energy storage; represents the rated capacity of the energy storage; represents the equal annual value factor; represents the construction cost per unit power of the energy storage; represents the discount rate; represents the number of years of energy storage operation.

2. The method for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of a multi-source energy storage according to claim 1, wherein In Step S1, the current status of new energy installed capacity includes: the installed capacity and location of existing wind power, photovoltaic, and pumped - storage resources within the region; the future development trend information includes: the increment of wind power and photovoltaic installations within the next three years, as well as the growth of regional electricity demand and the market consumption capacity of new energy.

3. A method for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of a multi - energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, In Step S2, the constraint conditions of the multi - energy storage optimal configuration model include: administrative region power balance constraint, power limit constraints of each output entity, and charge - discharge characteristic constraints of multi - energy storage devices; The power limit constraints of the output entity include the power injection constraint from the superior power grid, the total charge - discharge electricity constraint of the energy storage device, and the charge - discharge power constraint of the energy storage device; The charge - discharge characteristic constraints of multi - energy storage devices include the energy multiple constraint between the rated capacity and rated power of the energy storage, the continuity constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage, the state - of - charge constraint of the energy storage, the initialization constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage, and the response speed constraint of the energy storage device.

4. The method for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of a multi - energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The administrative region power balance constraint is as follows: （10）； Among them, the time granularity of the administrative region power balance constraint is 15 minutes, and there are 96 time points in 24 hours a day, that is ; , respectively represent the output of wind turbines and photovoltaic units in the administrative region at the th moment; , respectively represent the charging and discharging power of the th type of energy storage device at the th moment; represents the magnitude of the electricity load in the administrative region at the th moment; , represents the energy storage set.

5. A method for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multi - energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that The power injection constraint from the superior power grid is as follows: （11）； The total charge - discharge electricity constraint of the energy storage device is as follows （12）； The charge / discharge power constraint of the energy storage device is as follows: （13）； （14）； Among them, represents the injection power of the superior power grid; represents the rated capacity of the -th energy storage device; represents the maximum power injected by the superior power grid into the administrative region; represents the rated charge-discharge power of the -th energy storage device; and respectively represent 0-1 variables that limit the charge-discharge state of the energy storage, and satisfy the following constraints: （15）。 6. A method for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multi - energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that The energy multiple constraint between the rated capacity and rated power of the energy storage is as follows: （16）； The continuity constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage is as follows: （17）； The state - of - charge constraint of the energy storage is as follows: （18）； The initialization constraint of the state of charge of the energy storage is as follows: （19）； The response speed constraint of the energy storage device is as follows: （20）； Among them, The energy multiple coefficient between the rated energy storage capacity and the rated power; Indicates the th energy storage device's state of charge at the th moment; Indicates the th energy storage device's state of charge at the th moment; Indicates the charge / discharge efficiency of the th energy storage device; , respectively indicate the maximum and minimum states of charge of the th energy storage device; Indicates the response duration length.

7. A multi - energy storage optimization configuration and economic evaluation system, characterized in that, Used to execute the method for optimizing the configuration and economic evaluation of multi - energy storage according to any one of claims 1 - 6, including: A data collection module, used to obtain the current status and future development trend information of new energy installed capacity within the administrative region. Among them, the current status of new energy installed capacity includes the installed capacity and location of existing wind power, photovoltaic, and pumped - storage resources within the region, and the future development trend information includes the increment of wind power and photovoltaic installations within the next three years, as well as the growth of regional electricity demand and the market consumption capacity of new energy; A model construction module, used to construct a multi - energy storage optimal configuration model and establish corresponding objective functions and constraint conditions; A calculation and analysis module, used to solve the multi - energy storage optimal configuration model and obtain the optimal multi - energy storage configuration plan; An economic evaluation module, used to compare and study the economic benefits of various multi - energy storage configuration plans during the operation period; A result output module, used to display the results of the calculation and analysis, including the optimal energy storage configuration plan and its economic benefit evaluation.

8. A computer device, comprising: A memory and a processor; The memory stores a computer program, characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the multi-energy storage optimization configuration and economic evaluation method described in claims 1-6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the multi-energy storage optimization configuration and economic evaluation method described in claims 1-6 are implemented.

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