Loaded fractured rock mass stress applying device and method for low-temperature freezing and thawing experiment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock engineering, in particular to a loaded fractured rock mass stress applying device and method.The loaded fractured rock mass stress applying device comprises a base, a transverse pressing plate, a longitudinal pressing plate, a transverse guide rod, a transverse spring, a longitudinal guide rod, a longitudinal spring, two pushing plates and a driving structure, and the transverse pressing plate and the longitudinal pressing plate are arranged on the base in a sliding mode; the transverse guide rod and the longitudinal guide rod are used for limiting the transverse pressing plate and the longitudinal pressing plate, the transverse spring is arranged on one side of the transverse pressing plate, the longitudinal spring is arranged on one side of the longitudinal pressing plate, the two pushing plates are slidably arranged on one side of the transverse pressing plate and one side of the longitudinal pressing plate respectively, and the driving structure is used for driving the pushing plates to move. And therefore, the pressure of the spring on one side on the pressing plate can be automatically and simultaneously adjusted, the use is more convenient, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock engineering, and in particular to a device and method for applying stress to a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments. Background Art

[0002] Cracks (also called joints) are very common geological phenomena in rock slopes. These cracks can form naturally or be caused by external factors such as weathering, temperature changes, seismic activity, etc. The presence of cracks has a significant impact on slope stability because they change the overall properties and behavior of the rock. The following are some of the main effects of cracks on rock slopes:

[0003] Reduce rock strength: Cracks divide the originally continuous rock into multiple smaller parts or blocks, which directly reduces the overall strength of the rock. When subjected to external forces, such as gravity or water pressure, the crack-developed area is more likely to be damaged.

[0004] Increased permeability: Cracks provide channels for water, increasing the water penetration capacity of the rock mass. Water can penetrate deeper through cracks, causing accelerated chemical reactions and changes in physical properties within the rock, further weakening slope stability.

[0005] There is a shear stress applying device for loaded fractured rock mass, which drives the pressure plate to apply pressure to the spring by rotating the bolt, and then allows the spring to apply pressure to the pressure plate, thereby applying load to the rock mass. Under the load, a low-temperature freeze-thaw test is carried out. In this way, multiple bolts need to be adjusted one by one to apply the corresponding load, which increases the test time and reduces work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for applying stress to a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments, which is intended to automatically and simultaneously adjust the pressure of a spring on one side on a pressure plate, making it more convenient to use and improving work efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a stress applying device for loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments, comprising a base, a transverse pressure plate, a longitudinal pressure plate, a transverse guide rod, a transverse spring, a longitudinal guide rod and a longitudinal spring, wherein the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate are slidably arranged on the base, the transverse guide rod and the longitudinal guide rod are used to limit the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate, the transverse spring is arranged on one side of the transverse pressure plate, and the longitudinal spring is arranged on one side of the longitudinal pressure plate, and further comprising two push plates and a driving structure, wherein the two push plates are respectively slidably arranged on one side of the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate, and the driving structure is used to drive the push plates to move, and the compressive shear stress applying device for loaded fractured rock mass further comprises a reset component, wherein the reset component is used to reset the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate before installing the rock mass. The reset assembly includes a winding structure, two connecting ropes, two control blocks and a locking structure. The two control blocks are slidably arranged on the base and are respectively located on one side of the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate. One end of the two connecting ropes is respectively connected to the two control blocks, and the other end of the two connecting ropes is connected to the winding structure. The locking structure is arranged on one side of the two connecting ropes, and is used to lock the position of the connecting ropes after the connecting ropes reset the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate.

[0008] Wherein, the pushing plate has a pushing sleeve, and the pushing sleeve is sleeved on the transverse guide rod.

[0009] Wherein, the push plate further has an adjusting ring, which is threadedly connected to the push sleeve and is located on a side close to the transverse spring.

[0010] Among them, the driving structure includes a pushing screw, a pushing motor and a sliding seat, the sliding seat is slidingly connected to the base and connected to the pushing plate, the pushing screw is threadedly connected to the sliding seat and rotatably connected to the base, and the output end of the pushing motor is connected to the pushing screw.

[0011] Wherein, the pushing plate further comprises a rib plate, and the rib plate is arranged at the connection between the pushing plate and the sliding seat.

[0012] Wherein, the compressive shear stress applying device for loaded fractured rock mass also includes a reset component, and the reset component is used to reset the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate before installing the rock mass.

[0013] In which, the reset assembly includes a winding structure, two connecting ropes, two control blocks and a locking structure. The two control blocks are slidably arranged on the base and are respectively located on one side of the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate. One end of the two connecting ropes is respectively connected to the two control blocks, and the other end of the two connecting ropes is connected to the winding structure. The locking structure is arranged on one side of the two connecting ropes, and is used to lock the position of the connecting ropes after the connecting ropes reset the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for applying compressive shear stress to a loaded fractured rock mass, comprising: pulling the transverse pressing plate and the longitudinal pressing plate respectively, and then placing the rock mass therein and preliminarily fixing it by the transverse pressing plate;

[0015] The driving structure is started to drive the push plate to move so that the elastic force of the transverse spring and the longitudinal spring can be adjusted, thereby changing the pressure of the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate on the rock mass for testing;

[0016] The pressure information is obtained through the pressure sensors on the transverse and longitudinal pressure plates to monitor the cracking process of the rock mass while ensuring the load stability;

[0017] The entire device is placed in a low-temperature freeze-thaw environment to start the freeze-thaw cycle. The cracks are filled with water and swell, causing the cracks to expand and eventually crack.

[0018] The present invention discloses a device and method for applying stress to a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments. The base serves as the basis of the entire device and provides a stable working platform. The two pressure plates are arranged along the X-axis (transverse) and Y-axis (longitudinal) directions, respectively, and can slide relative to the base. Their main function is to directly apply pressure to the test piece (such as a rock sample) to simulate the stress state of the rock under actual geological conditions.

[0019] The function of the transverse guide rod and the longitudinal guide rod is to accurately guide the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate to ensure that they can only move in the predetermined direction, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the experimental data.

[0020] The transverse spring and the longitudinal spring are installed on one side of the pressure plate. When the pressure plate is moved by external force, the spring will store energy, which helps to achieve a smooth transition during the loading process. At the same time, the loading rate or maximum load capacity can be changed by adjusting the stiffness of the spring.

[0021] There are two push plates, one on each side of the transverse pressing plate and the other on the longitudinal pressing plate. The design of the push plate allows force to be applied from the outside to the inside, thereby driving the pressing plate to compress or shear the specimen.

[0022] The driving structure is the key part of realizing automatic control, which is responsible for driving the push plate to move according to the preset mode (such as constant speed, variable speed, etc.). The driving structure can be a motor with a screw drive, a hydraulic cylinder or other forms of power source. The specific choice depends on factors such as the required accuracy, force and experimental conditions.

[0023] Through the coordinated work of the above components, the device can effectively simulate the response of rock cracks in nature under different stress states, which is of great significance for in-depth understanding of rock mechanical properties and assessment of geological disaster risks. In addition, the device is also highly flexible and adjustable, and can adjust the loading method and parameter settings according to different research purposes to meet a variety of experimental needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural diagram of a stress applying device for a loaded fractured rock mass used in low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments.

[0026] Figure 2 It is the right structural diagram of a device for applying stress to a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlargement of detail A.

[0028] Figure 4 It is the left structural diagram of a stress applying device for a loaded fractured rock mass used for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlargement of detail B.

[0030] Figure 6 The present invention is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a stress applying device for a loaded fractured rock mass used for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments.

[0031] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlargement of detail C.

[0032] Figure 8 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for applying compressive shear stress to a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments.

[0033] Base 101, transverse pressure plate 102, longitudinal pressure plate 103, transverse guide rod 104, transverse spring 105, longitudinal guide rod 106, longitudinal spring 107, pushing plate 108, driving structure 109, pushing sleeve 110, adjusting ring 111, pushing screw 112, pushing motor 113, sliding seat 114, rib 115, winding structure 116, connecting rope 117, control block 118, locking structure 119, locking block 120, supporting spring 121, triangular block 122, unlocking cylinder 123, discharging structure 124, discharging plate 125, lock 126, second spring 127, rotating handle 128. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] First embodiment

[0037] See also Figure 1 to Figure 7 The present invention provides a stress applying device for a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments, comprising a base 101, a transverse pressure plate 102, a longitudinal pressure plate 103, a transverse guide rod 104, a transverse spring 105, a longitudinal guide rod 106 and a longitudinal spring 107. The transverse pressure plate 102 and the longitudinal pressure plate 103 are slidably arranged on the base 101. The transverse guide rod 104 and the longitudinal guide rod 106 are used to limit the transverse pressure plate 102 and the longitudinal pressure plate 103. The transverse spring 105 is arranged on one side of the transverse pressure plate 102. The longitudinal spring 107 is arranged on one side of the longitudinal pressure plate 103. The device also includes two push plates 108 and a driving structure 109. The two push plates 108 are respectively slidably arranged on one side of the transverse pressure plate 102 and the longitudinal pressure plate 103. The driving structure 109 is used to drive the push plates 108 to move.

[0038] In this embodiment, the base 101 serves as the foundation of the entire device and provides a stable working platform. The two pressure plates are arranged along the X-axis (transverse) and Y-axis (longitudinal) directions respectively and can slide relative to the base 101. Their main function is to directly apply pressure to the test piece (such as a rock sample) to simulate the stress state of the rock under actual geological conditions.

[0039] The function of the transverse guide rod 104 and the longitudinal guide rod 106 is to accurately guide the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 to ensure that they can only move along a predetermined direction, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the experimental data.

[0040] The transverse spring 105 and the longitudinal spring 107 are installed on one side of the pressure plate. When the pressure plate moves due to external force, the spring will store energy, which helps to achieve a smooth transition during loading. At the same time, the loading rate or maximum load capacity can be changed by adjusting the stiffness of the spring.

[0041] There are two push plates 108, which are respectively located on one side of the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103. The design of the push plates 108 allows force to be applied from the outside to the inside, thereby driving the pressing plates to compress or shear the specimen.

[0042] The driving structure 109 is a key part for realizing automatic control, and it is responsible for driving the push plate 108 to move according to a preset mode (e.g., constant speed, variable speed, etc.). The driving structure 109 can be a motor with a lead screw drive, a hydraulic cylinder, or other forms of power source, and the specific selection depends on factors such as the required accuracy, force, and experimental conditions.

[0043] Through the coordinated work of the above components, the device can effectively simulate the response of rock cracks in nature under different stress states, which is of great significance for in-depth understanding of rock mechanical properties and assessment of geological disaster risks. In addition, the device is also highly flexible and adjustable, and can adjust the loading method and parameter settings according to different research purposes to meet a variety of experimental needs.

[0044] The push plate 108 has a push sleeve 110 , and the push sleeve 110 is sleeved on the transverse guide rod 104 .

[0045] The push sleeve 110 is an important component of the push plate 108, and is designed to be sleeved on the transverse guide rod 104. This design ensures the precise movement of the push plate 108 in the horizontal direction, avoids unnecessary deviation or rotation during the force application process, and thus ensures the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment.

[0046] The push plate 108 further has an adjustment ring 111 , which is threadedly connected to the push sleeve 110 and is located at a side close to the transverse spring 105 .

[0047] The adjusting ring 111 is connected to the pushing sleeve 110 by threads and is located on the side close to the transverse spring 105. Its main function is to fine-tune the position of the pushing plate 108 before the experiment to match the elastic force of the springs on both sides to avoid the inconsistent elastic force on both sides and thus affect the experimental results.

[0048] The driving structure 109 includes a pushing screw 112, a pushing motor 113 and a sliding seat 114. The sliding seat 114 is slidably connected to the base 101 and connected to the pushing plate 108. The pushing screw 112 is threadedly connected to the sliding seat 114 and is rotationally connected to the base 101. The output end of the pushing motor 113 is connected to the pushing screw 112.

[0049] The push screw 112 is one of the key components in the driving structure 109. It converts the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion by rotating, thereby pushing the sliding seat 114 and the push plate 108 connected thereto to move in a predetermined direction. The push screw 112 is usually made of a material with high strength and low friction coefficient.

[0050] The push motor 113 is the power source of the driving structure 109 , and it realizes the movement of the push plate 108 by rotating the push screw 112 .

[0051] The sliding seat 114 is a key component connecting the push plate 108 and the base 101. It slides on the base 101 to ensure the accurate movement of the push plate 108. The sliding seat 114 is connected to the push screw 112 by threads. When the screw rotates, the sliding seat 114 moves along the screw direction.

[0052] The pushing plate 108 further includes a rib 115 , and the rib 115 is disposed at a connection between the pushing plate 108 and the sliding seat 114 .

[0053] The rib 115 is arranged at the connection between the push plate 108 and the sliding seat 114 to strengthen the structure and improve the stability. It can effectively prevent the push plate 108 from deforming or deflecting when subjected to force, ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of the force applied during the experiment.

[0054] The compressive shear stress applying device for loaded fractured rock mass further comprises a reset assembly, which is used to reset the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 before installing the rock mass.

[0055] The reset assembly includes a winding structure 116, two connecting ropes 117, two control blocks 118 and a locking structure 119. The two control blocks 118 are slidably arranged on the base 101 and are respectively located on one side of the transverse pressure plate 102 and the longitudinal pressure plate 103. One end of the two connecting ropes 117 is respectively connected to the two control blocks 118, and the other end of the two connecting ropes 117 is connected to the winding structure 116. The locking structure 119 is arranged on one side of the two connecting ropes 117, and is used to lock the position of the connecting rope 117 after the connecting rope 117 resets the transverse pressure plate 102 and the longitudinal pressure plate 103.

[0056] The winding structure 116 is used to wind up and release the connecting rope 117, which is achieved by mechanical or electrical means. When resetting is required, the winding structure 116 pulls the connecting rope 117 to return the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 to their initial positions. The winding structure 116 can be a manual crank or an electric motor, and the specific choice depends on the degree of automation of the experiment and the convenience of operation. The rotating shaft of the winding structure 116 is usually equipped with a spring to provide additional tension to ensure the tension of the connecting rope 117.

[0057] The connecting rope 117 is a medium connecting the control block 118 and the winding structure 116. The control block 118 is driven to move by pulling the connecting rope 117, thereby pushing the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 to reset.

[0058] The control block 118 is slidably disposed on the base 101, and is located on one side of the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103. When the connecting rope 117 is pulled, the control block 118 slides along the base 101, pushing the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 back to the initial position.

[0059] The locking structure 119 is used to lock the position of the connecting rope 117 after the transverse pressure plate 102 and the longitudinal pressure plate 103 are reset to prevent the reset pressure plate from moving again due to external factors (such as vibration). At the same time, the winding structure 116 can be closed to save energy.

[0060] The locking structure 119 includes two locking blocks 120, two supporting springs 121, a triangular block 122 and an unlocking cylinder 123. The two locking blocks 120 are slidably arranged on both sides of the connecting rope 117. The two supporting springs 121 are used to support the two locking blocks 120 respectively to clamp the connecting rope 117. The triangular block 122 is slidably arranged on one side of the two locking blocks 120. The output end of the unlocking cylinder 123 is connected to the triangular block 122. An inclined surface is arranged on the locking block 120 corresponding to the triangular block 122.

[0061] The locking block 120 is slidably disposed on both sides of the connecting rope 117, and clamps the connecting rope 117 to prevent it from moving through the action of the supporting spring 121. The locking block 120 is usually made of high-strength material, such as stainless steel or hard plastic, to ensure sufficient clamping force and durability.

[0062] The support springs 121 are used to support the two locking blocks 120 respectively so that they can clamp the connecting rope 117. The support springs 121 are usually made of highly elastic materials, such as spring steel, to provide a stable elastic force. The elastic force of the support springs 121 needs to be moderate, which can ensure that the locking blocks 120 firmly clamp the connecting rope 117 and can be quickly released when unlocking.

[0063] The triangular block 122 is slidably disposed on one side of the two locking blocks 120 , and achieves locking and unlocking actions by cooperating with the inclined surfaces on the locking blocks 120 .

[0064] The output end of the unlocking cylinder 123 is connected to the triangular block 122, and the triangular block 122 is pushed to move by the telescopic action of the cylinder to achieve the locking and unlocking functions.

[0065] The compressive shear stress applying device for loaded fractured rock mass also includes a discharge structure 124, which includes a discharge plate 125, a lock 126, a second spring 127 and a rotating handle 128. A through hole is opened on the base 101, and the discharge plate 125 is rotatably arranged in the through hole. The lock 126 is arranged on the discharge plate 125, and the second spring 127 is arranged between the lock 126 and the discharge plate 125. A locking groove is arranged on the base 101 corresponding to the lock 126, and the rotating handle 128 is rotatably arranged on one side of the lock 126.

[0066] When the experiment is completed and the rock sample needs to be taken out, the operator rotates the handle 128. The rotation of the handle 128 drives the lock 126 to move, so that the lock 126 is disengaged from the lock slot. Once the lock 126 is disengaged from the lock slot, the discharge plate 125 can slide out of the through hole of the base 101 under the action of external thrust, and the rock sample is taken out.

[0067] Second embodiment

[0068] See also Figure 8 The present invention also provides a method for applying compressive shear stress to a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments, comprising:

[0069] S201 pulls the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 respectively, and then the rock mass is put in and initially fixed by the transverse pressing plate 102;

[0070] The operator first pulls the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 away from the center of the base 101 to leave space for the placement of the rock mass. The movement of the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 can be achieved by manual operation or using auxiliary tools (such as handles) to ensure that the pressing plates can slide smoothly. The rock mass sample is placed on the base 101 to ensure that it is centered and stable.

[0071] S202: starting the driving structure to drive the push plate 108 to move so that the elastic force of the transverse spring 105 and the longitudinal spring 107 can be adjusted, thereby changing the pressure of the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 on the rock mass for testing;

[0072] The driving structure 109 is started, usually by issuing a command through a control panel or a computer system, to start the push motor 113. The push motor 113 drives the push screw 112 to rotate, and the rotation of the push screw 112 drives the sliding seat 114 to slide along the base 101 through a threaded connection. The movement of the sliding seat 114 further drives the push plate 108 to move toward the rock sample.

[0073] The movement of the push plate 108 will gradually compress the transverse spring 105 and the longitudinal spring 107, thereby applying pressure to the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103. By adjusting the speed and rotation direction of the push motor 113, the movement speed and position of the push plate 108 can be accurately controlled, and the compression degree of the transverse spring 105 and the longitudinal spring 107 can be adjusted. The compression degree of the spring determines the pressure of the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 on the rock sample. The operator can adjust the compression amount of the spring according to the experimental requirements to achieve tests under different pressure conditions.

[0074] During the process of adjusting the pressure, the pressure sensor can monitor the pressure changes of the horizontal pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 on the rock sample in real time. The data of the pressure sensor can be transmitted to the computer in real time through the data acquisition system, and the operator can check and record the pressure value at any time to ensure the precise control of the loading process.

[0075] S203 obtains pressure information through pressure sensors on the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate to monitor the cracking process of the rock mass while ensuring load stability.

[0076] High-precision pressure sensors are installed on both the transverse pressing plate 102 and the longitudinal pressing plate 103 to monitor the pressure applied to the rock sample in real time. The pressure sensor is usually a pressure gauge or a pressure cell, which can accurately measure small pressure changes.

[0077] S204 places the entire device in a low-temperature freeze-thaw environment to start a freeze-thaw cycle, and the cracks are filled with water and swell, causing the cracks to expand and eventually crack;

[0078] The entire experimental device is placed in a low-temperature freeze-thaw environment where the temperature can be precisely controlled in order to simulate the extreme low temperature conditions and subsequent thawing process that fractured rock masses may experience under natural conditions. In this way, periodic low temperature effects can be applied to fractured rock masses to study how low temperature environments affect the development and expansion of fractures and changes in the properties of rock materials. In this process, the focus is on the destructive effect of the volume expansion of water inside the fractures when it freezes on the surrounding rock structure, and the effect of water flow on the stability of the fractures when the ice melts as the temperature rises. Such experiments help to gain a deeper understanding of the changing laws of the stability of fractured rock slopes in areas with large seasonal temperature differences or high-latitude cold regions, and provide a scientific basis for related engineering designs.

[0079] The data from the pressure sensor is transmitted to the data acquisition system through the data line, and the data acquisition system processes and stores the data. The operator can view the pressure curve in real time through the computer interface and analyze the response of the rock sample under different pressure conditions. The data acquisition system can also record other relevant parameters during the experiment, such as loading speed, time, etc., to provide comprehensive information for subsequent data analysis.

[0080] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A stress applying device for a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments, comprising a base, a transverse pressing plate, a longitudinal pressing plate, a transverse guide rod, a transverse spring, a longitudinal guide rod and a longitudinal spring, wherein the transverse pressing plate and the longitudinal pressing plate are slidably arranged on the base, the transverse guide rod and the longitudinal guide rod are used to limit the transverse pressing plate and the longitudinal pressing plate, the transverse spring is arranged on one side of the transverse pressing plate, and the longitudinal spring is arranged on one side of the longitudinal pressing plate, characterized in that: The device further comprises two push plates and a driving structure, wherein the two push plates are respectively slidably arranged on one side of the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate, and the driving structure is used to drive the push plates to move. The compressive shear stress applying device for loaded fractured rock mass also comprises a reset component, and the reset component is used to reset the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate before installing the rock mass. The reset component comprises a winding structure, two connecting ropes, two control blocks and a locking structure. The two control blocks are slidably arranged on the base and are respectively located on one side of the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate, one end of the two connecting ropes are respectively connected to the two control blocks, and the other end of the two connecting ropes are connected to the winding structure. The locking structure is arranged on one side of the two connecting ropes, and is used to lock the position of the connecting ropes after the connecting ropes reset the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate.

2. A stress applying device for a loaded fractured rock mass for low temperature freeze-thaw experiment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The push plate has a push sleeve, and the push sleeve is sleeved on the transverse guide rod.

3. A stress applying device for a loaded fractured rock mass for low temperature freeze-thaw experiment as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The push plate also has an adjusting ring, which is threadedly connected to the push sleeve and is located on a side close to the transverse spring.

4. A stress applying device for a loaded fractured rock mass for low temperature freeze-thaw experiment as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The driving structure includes a pushing screw, a pushing motor and a sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the base and connected to the pushing plate. The pushing screw is threadedly connected to the sliding seat and rotatably connected to the base. The output end of the pushing motor is connected to the pushing screw.

5. A stress applying device for a loaded fractured rock mass for low temperature freeze-thaw experiment as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The pushing plate further comprises a rib plate, and the rib plate is arranged at the connection between the pushing plate and the sliding seat.

6. A method for applying compressive shear stress to a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments, comprising: using a device for applying stress to a loaded fractured rock mass for low-temperature freeze-thaw experiments as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that include: Pull the transverse pressing plate and the longitudinal pressing plate respectively, and then put the rock mass in and initially fix it by the transverse pressing plate; The driving structure is started to drive the push plate to move so that the elastic force of the transverse spring and the longitudinal spring can be adjusted, thereby changing the pressure of the transverse pressure plate and the longitudinal pressure plate on the rock mass for testing; The pressure information is obtained through the pressure sensors on the transverse and longitudinal pressure plates to monitor the cracking process of the rock mass while ensuring the load stability; The entire device is placed in a low-temperature freeze-thaw environment to start the freeze-thaw cycle. The cracks are filled with water and swell, causing the cracks to expand and eventually crack.

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