Mixed feed additive for improving immunity of animal body and preparation method of mixed feed additive

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and provides a mixed feed additive capable of improving the immunity of animal organisms and a preparation method of the mixed feed additive. Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of enzymolysis eggshell membrane powder, 38-42 parts of enzymolysis bamboo fibers, 0.5-0.8 part of probiotics, 10-15 parts of beet powder, 8-12 parts of semen plantaginis powder and 4-6 parts of dandelion powder. The feed can effectively enhance the immunity of animal bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and in particular relates to a mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Feed additives refer to small or trace substances added during the production, processing and use of feed. They are used in small amounts in feed but have significant effects. Feed additives are raw materials that must be used in the modern feed industry. They have obvious effects on strengthening the nutritional value of basic feed, improving animal production performance, ensuring animal health, saving feed costs, and improving the quality of livestock products.

[0003] Existing feed additives use dietary fiber as the main component. Although dietary fiber can improve the satiety of animals, promote intestinal peristalsis and digestion and absorption, due to the large particles of dietary fiber, the taste is not good, which will affect the taste of feed and the feed intake of animals. In addition, dietary fiber has fewer nutrients and its nutritional supplement effect on animals is relatively limited. Excessive consumption will affect the digestion and absorption of other nutrients by animals, thereby reducing the immunity of the animal body and affecting the weight gain effect of the animal. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a mixed feed additive for improving the immunity of an animal body and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively enhance the immunity of an animal body.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a mixed feed additive for enhancing animal immunity, which comprises the following components by weight: 20-25 parts of enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, 38-42 parts of enzymatic bamboo fiber, 0.5-0.8 parts of probiotics, 10-15 parts of beet powder, 8-12 parts of psyllium powder and 4-6 parts of dandelion powder.

[0006] Furthermore, the preparation method of the enzymatically hydrolyzed eggshell membrane powder is as follows:

[0007] A1. crushing the eggshell membranes and passing them through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain crushed eggshell membranes;

[0008] A2, taking the crushed eggshell membranes obtained in A1, adding anhydrous ethanol to soak, and then filtering to obtain a solid substance;

[0009] A3, washing the solid substance obtained in A2 with water for multiple times, adding water again to obtain a mixture, then heating the mixture, adjusting the pH value to 8.0, adding alkaline protease, and hydrolyzing the mixture to obtain a treated hydrolyzate;

[0010] A4, adjusting the pH value of the treated hydrolyzate obtained in A3 to 7.0, sterilizing it, and then centrifuging it to obtain a supernatant;

[0011] A5. Add activated carbon to the supernatant obtained in A4, stir and filter to obtain a filtrate, and concentrate and spray-dry the filtrate to obtain enzymatic eggshell membrane powder.

[0012] Furthermore, in A3, the concentration of the mixture is 4.7-5.2 g / 100 mL, the specific operation of the heating treatment is 60-65° C. for 1-1.5 h, the mass of the alkaline protease is 0.04-0.06% of the mass of the mixture, and the specific operation of the hydrolysis treatment is hydrolysis at 50-55° C. for 5.5-6 h.

[0013] Furthermore, in A4, the specific operation of the sterilization treatment is sterilization at 88-92° C. for 12-17 minutes.

[0014] Furthermore, in A5, the mass of the activated carbon is 12-20% of the mass of the supernatant.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation method of the enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber is as follows:

[0016] B1, drying bamboo scraps at 65-70°C for 60-70 min, then crushing and passing through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain coarse bamboo powder;

[0017] B2, take the coarse bamboo powder obtained in B1 and place it in a beaker, add thermostable α-amylase, then add a phosphate buffer solution with a pH value of 6.5, bathe in a water bath at 93-97°C for 15-20 minutes, filter and rinse, then hydrolyze with a neutral protease at 60°C for 30 minutes, and inactivate the enzyme in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes to obtain a bamboo powder hydrolyzate;

[0018] B3. The pH value of the bamboo powder hydrolyzate obtained in B2 is adjusted to 7.0, and an ethanol solution is added. After standing, the solution is centrifuged, dried, and ground to obtain enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber.

[0019] Furthermore, in B2, the mass of the thermostable α-amylase is 0.3-0.5% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, and the mass of the neutral protease is 0.4-0.6% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder.

[0020] Furthermore, 4 times the volume of 95% ethanol solution of bamboo powder hydrolyzate was added to B3, and after standing for 12 hours, the mixture was centrifuged at a speed of 5000 r / min for 30 min and dried at 65°C.

[0021] Furthermore, in B3, grinding was performed at 25°C, the mass ratio of grinding balls to bamboo powder fibers was (6-8):1, and the grinding time was 2h.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned mixed feed additive for enhancing animal immunity, comprising the following steps: mixing enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, enzymatic bamboo fiber, probiotics, beet powder, psyllium powder and dandelion powder.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The feed additive of the present invention comprises enzymatic eggshell membrane powder and enzymatic bamboo fiber. On the one hand, in the preparation of the enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, the alkaline protease used can decompose some proteins in the eggshell membrane into small molecule polypeptides with antibacterial activity, namely antimicrobial peptides, etc. These components can directly act on pathogens and enhance the nonspecific immune function of animals. The enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber is fermented and utilized by intestinal microorganisms in the intestine to produce beneficial substances such as short-chain fatty acids, which can not only provide energy needs for intestinal epithelial cells, maintain the normal physiological functions and metabolic activities of intestinal cells, and promote the growth and repair of intestinal cells; it can also regulate the pH value in the intestine, which is conducive to maintaining the acidity of the intestinal environment, and is conducive to the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms (such as bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, etc.), while inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms (such as pathogenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella, etc.); it can also promote intestinal goblet cells to secrete more mucus, forming a protective barrier on the surface of the intestinal mucosa, effectively preventing harmful microorganisms from directly contacting intestinal epithelial cells, and preventing the invasion and infection of pathogens. At the same time, the mucus contains various antibacterial substances, such as lysozyme, immunoglobulins, etc., which can further enhance the defense and barrier capacity of the intestine. The two (enzymatically hydrolyzed eggshell membrane powder and enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber) work synergistically to enhance the immunity of animal bodies.

[0025] On the other hand, enzymatic eggshell membrane powder is rich in nutrients such as protein, polysaccharides, and lipids. Enzymatic bamboo fiber contains cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The two (enzymatic eggshell membrane powder and enzymatic bamboo fiber) work synergistically to complement each other in nutrients and provide more comprehensive nutritional support for animals; moreover, protein and polysaccharides can form a complex through the Maillard reaction in the feed system, changing the physical and chemical properties of the feed system, thereby improving its digestion and absorption and physiological function in the animal body, and synergistically improving the weight gain effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A comparative trend chart of the test data on calf weight gain of the feed additives prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in the test examples of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a comparative trend chart of the test data of the effects of feed additives on calf immunity (IgA) obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in the test examples of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a comparative trend chart of the test data of the effects of feed additives on calf immunity (IgM) obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in the test examples of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a comparative trend chart of the test data of the effects of feed additives prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in the test examples of the present invention on calf immunity (IgG). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1: (1) Preparation of enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, the preparation method is as follows:

[0032] A1. Crushing the eggshell membrane and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain crushed eggshell membrane. The eggshell membrane is also called egg membrane, egg white skin, etc. It is the egg membrane inside the eggshell after the chicken egg is incubated. It is commercially available as a dry product, a wrinkled paper-like film of varying sizes, light yellow or yellow-white, slightly shiny, light and fragile, and slightly smelly.

[0033] A2. Take 100 g of the crushed eggshell membranes obtained in A1, add 300 mL of anhydrous ethanol, soak for 1 hour, and filter to obtain a solid substance.

[0034] A3, after washing the solid matter obtained in A2 three times and filtering, water was added again to obtain a mixture, the concentration of the mixture was 5.0g / 100mL. Then the mixture was subjected to heat treatment, and the specific operation of the heat treatment was 62°C for 1.2h. The pH value was adjusted to 8.0, and alkaline protease was added, and the mass of the alkaline protease was 0.05% of the mass of the mixture. Hydrolysis treatment was carried out, and the specific operation of the hydrolysis treatment was hydrolysis at 52°C for 5.8h to obtain a treated hydrolyzate.

[0035] Among them, alkaline protease (YT2389) was purchased from Beijing Yita Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0036] A4. The pH value of the treated hydrolyzate obtained in A3 was adjusted to 7.0, and sterilized at 92°C for 15 minutes. The supernatant was then obtained by centrifugation.

[0037] A5. Add activated carbon to the supernatant obtained in A4, the mass of the activated carbon being 15% of the mass of the supernatant. Stir at 240 r / min for 45 min, filter to obtain a filtrate, concentrate the filtrate to a concentrate of 15% by mass, and then spray dry at a spray drying temperature of about 240° C. to obtain enzymatic eggshell membrane powder.

[0038] (2) preparing enzymolysis bamboo fiber, the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0039] B1. Dry the bamboo chips at 68°C for 65 min, crush them, and pass them through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain coarse bamboo powder.

[0040] B2. Take the coarse bamboo powder obtained in B1 and place it in a beaker, add high temperature resistant α-amylase, the mass of which is 0.4% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, then add phosphate buffer solution with a pH value of 6.5, the mass of which is 5 times the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, place it in a water bath at 95°C for 18 minutes, filter and rinse, then hydrolyze it with neutral protease at 60°C for 30 minutes, the mass of the neutral protease is 0.5% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, and inactivate the enzyme in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes to obtain a bamboo powder hydrolyzate.

[0041] Among them, the thermostable α-amylase (A109182) was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Neutral protease (YT0808) was purchased from Beijing Ita Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0042] B3. Adjust the pH value of the bamboo powder hydrolyzate obtained in B2 to 7.0, add 4 times the volume of 95% ethanol solution to the bamboo powder hydrolyzate, let it stand for 12 hours, centrifuge it at a speed of 5000r / min for 30min, dry it at 65℃, and then grind it at 25℃. The mass ratio of grinding balls to bamboo powder fiber is 7:1, and the grinding time is 2h to obtain enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber.

[0043] (3) Prepare a mixed feed additive for enhancing animal immunity, the preparation method of which is as follows: by weight, mix 22 parts of enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, 40 parts of enzymatic bamboo fiber, 0.6 parts of probiotics, 12 parts of beet powder, 10 parts of psyllium powder and 5 parts of dandelion powder to obtain the obtained product.

[0044] Among them, probiotics (Renhe) are powdered commercial products, mainly including beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium.

[0045] Example 2: Prepare a mixed feed additive for enhancing animal immunity, and the preparation method is as follows: Mix 20 parts of enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, 38 parts of enzymatic bamboo fiber, 0.5 parts of probiotics, 10 parts of beet powder, 8 parts of psyllium powder and 4 parts of dandelion powder by weight.

[0046] Example 3: Prepare a mixed feed additive for enhancing animal immunity, and the preparation method is as follows: Mix 25 parts of enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, 42 parts of enzymatic bamboo fiber, 0.8 parts of probiotics, 15 parts of beet powder, 12 parts of psyllium powder and 6 parts of dandelion powder by weight.

[0047] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the enzymatically hydrolyzed eggshell membrane powder is replaced by crushed eggshell membrane; and the enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber is reduced from 40 parts to 25 parts.

[0048] Specifically, a mixed feed additive for enhancing animal immunity is prepared, and the preparation method is as follows: by weight, 22 parts of crushed eggshell membrane, 25 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber, 0.6 parts of probiotics, 12 parts of beet powder, 10 parts of psyllium powder and 5 parts of dandelion powder are mixed evenly to obtain the product.

[0049] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example differs from Example 1 in that the enzymatically hydrolyzed eggshell membrane powder is replaced with crushed eggshell membranes.

[0050] Specifically, a mixed feed additive for enhancing animal immunity is prepared, and the preparation method is as follows: by weight, 22 parts of crushed eggshell membrane, 40 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber, 0.6 parts of probiotics, 12 parts of beet powder, 10 parts of psyllium powder and 5 parts of dandelion powder are mixed evenly to obtain the product.

[0051] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the amount of enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber is reduced from 40 parts to 25 parts.

[0052] Specifically, a mixed feed additive for enhancing animal immunity is prepared, and the preparation method is as follows: by weight, 22 parts of enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, 25 parts of enzymatic bamboo fiber, 0.6 parts of probiotics, 12 parts of beet powder, 10 parts of psyllium powder and 5 parts of dandelion powder are mixed evenly to obtain the product.

[0053] Test example: Test example: Test object: Feed additives were prepared according to Example 1-Example 3 and Comparative Example 1-Comparative Example 3.

[0054] Experimental method: 105 healthy calves with similar body weight (50±2kg) were randomly divided into 7 groups (15 in each group), which were respectively recorded as control group, embodiment 1 group, embodiment 2 group, embodiment 3 group, comparative example 1 group, comparative example 2 group and comparative example 3 group. The control group did not add feed additives to the feed; the other 6 groups added corresponding feed additives to the feed (the addition amount was 1.2%); the feeding method of each group was the same, three times a day, and the experimental period was 30 days. The feed intake and body weight of the calves were measured and recorded every day. After the experiment, the average daily weight gain was calculated, and blood was collected from the vena cava to detect serum immune indicators. The experimental data were analyzed using the ANOVA model in SAS9.2 statistical software.

[0055] Test results: See Table 1.

[0056] Table 1. Test example data

[0057]

[0058] Result analysis: Analyze the control group and Example 1-Example 3 groups and combine the data in Table 1 and Figure 1-Figure 4 It can be seen that the feed additives prepared by the present invention (Example 1-Example 3) can significantly improve the weight gain effect and significantly enhance the immunity of the animal body.

[0059] Analyze the control group, Example 1 group and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 groups and combine the data in Table 1 and Figure 1-Figure 4 By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that increasing the amount of enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber in the feed additive component from 25 parts to 40 parts will lead to a decrease in weight gain effect and a decrease in the immunity of the animal body.

[0060] The inventor believes that this is because the nutritional content of enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber (dietary fiber) is relatively low and its nutritional supplement effect on animals is relatively limited; if consumed too much, it will affect the animal's digestion and absorption of other nutrients, thereby reducing the animal's immunity and affecting the animal's weight gain.

[0061] By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Example 1, it can be seen that the enzymatically hydrolyzed eggshell membrane powder and the enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber can act synergistically to enhance the immunity of the animal body and synergistically improve the weight gain effect.

[0062] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components by weight: 20-25 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed eggshell membrane powder, 38-42 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber, 0.5-0.8 parts of probiotics, 10-15 parts of beet powder, 8-12 parts of psyllium powder and 4-6 parts of dandelion powder.

2. The mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the enzymatically hydrolyzed eggshell membrane powder is as follows: A1. crushing the eggshell membranes and passing them through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain crushed eggshell membranes; A2, taking the crushed eggshell membranes obtained in A1, adding anhydrous ethanol to soak, and then filtering to obtain a solid substance; A3, washing the solid substance obtained in A2 with water for multiple times, adding water again to obtain a mixture, then heating the mixture, adjusting the pH value to 8.0, adding alkaline protease, and hydrolyzing the mixture to obtain a treated hydrolyzate; A4, adjusting the pH value of the treated hydrolyzate obtained in A3 to 7.0, sterilizing it, and then centrifuging it to obtain a supernatant; A5. Add activated carbon to the supernatant obtained in A4, stir and filter to obtain a filtrate, and concentrate and spray-dry the filtrate to obtain enzymatic eggshell membrane powder.

3. The mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity according to claim 2, characterized in that: In A3, the concentration of the mixture is 4.7-5.2 g / 100 mL, the specific operation of the heating treatment is 60-65° C. for 1-1.5 h, the mass of the alkaline protease is 0.04-0.06% of the mass of the mixture, and the specific operation of the hydrolysis treatment is hydrolysis at 50-55° C. for 5.5-6 h.

4. The mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity according to claim 2, characterized in that: In A4, the specific operation of the sterilization treatment is sterilization at 88-92°C for 12-17 minutes.

5. The mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity according to claim 2, characterized in that: In A5, the mass of the activated carbon is 12-20% of the mass of the supernatant.

6. The mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber is as follows: B1, drying bamboo scraps at 65-70°C for 60-70 min, then crushing and passing through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain coarse bamboo powder; B2, take the coarse bamboo powder obtained in B1 and place it in a beaker, add thermostable α-amylase, then add a phosphate buffer solution with a pH value of 6.5, bathe in a water bath at 93-97°C for 15-20 minutes, filter and rinse, then hydrolyze with a neutral protease at 60°C for 30 minutes, and inactivate the enzyme in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes to obtain a bamboo powder hydrolyzate; B3. The pH value of the bamboo powder hydrolyzate obtained in B2 is adjusted to 7.0, and an ethanol solution is added. After standing, the solution is centrifuged, dried, and ground to obtain enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber.

7. The mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity according to claim 6, characterized in that: In B2, the mass of the thermostable α-amylase is 0.3-0.5% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, and the mass of the neutral protease is 0.4-0.6% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder.

8. The mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity according to claim 6, characterized in that: In B3, 4 times the volume of 95% ethanol solution of bamboo powder hydrolyzate was added, and after standing for 12 hours, the mixture was centrifuged at a speed of 5000 r / min for 30 min and dried at 65°C.

9. The mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity according to claim 6, characterized in that: In B3, grinding was carried out at 25°C, the mass ratio of grinding balls to bamboo powder fibers was (6-8):1, and the grinding time was 2 h.

10. A method for preparing a mixed feed additive for improving animal immunity according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing enzymatically hydrolyzed eggshell membrane powder, enzymatically hydrolyzed bamboo fiber, probiotics, beet powder, psyllium powder and dandelion powder to obtain the product.

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