Method for increasing hatching rate of poultry hatching eggs

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing the hatching rate of poultry hatching eggs. The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting hatching eggs; s2, hatching egg disinfection; s3, preheating treatment; s4, hatching; s5, ventilation in the hatching period; s6, egg turning in the hatching period; s7, beating water to cool the eggs; s8, monitoring and adjusting the hatching process; s9, egg candling inspection; s10, carrying out tray falling operation; s11, performing hatching management; and S12, young poultry treatment. According to the method, waste heat in a hatching machine is effectively dispersed by adopting a method of beating water to cool eggs, embryos are prevented from being damaged due to too high temperature, meanwhile, necessary cold stimulation is provided for the embryos in the egg cooling process, normal development of the embryos is promoted, the body temperature adjusting capacity of the embryos is enhanced, the hatching rate is increased, the dead embryo rate is reduced, and the health degree of young poultry is improved. According to the method, the hatching rate is increased, the dead embryo rate is reduced, the health degree of young poultry is improved, the method is suitable for large-scale farms, and an efficient and reliable hatching solution is provided for small-scale farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of poultry hatching, in particular to a method for improving the hatching rate of poultry breeding eggs. Background Art

[0002] At present, the level of intensive poultry farming in China is not high, and most of them are still small-scale workshop-style production. In order to improve production efficiency, some larger breeding companies use incubation equipment for incubation. During the incubation process, fat metabolism will generate a lot of heat, which will easily increase the egg temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the eggs in time to remove excess heat and supply enough fresh air, and adjust the temperature and humidity standards accordingly to improve the hatchability of the eggs.

[0003] At present, most poultry incubators still have inaccurate temperature and humidity control issues. During the incubation process, the development of the embryo has extremely strict requirements on temperature and humidity, and different incubation stages require different temperature and humidity conditions. However, due to the limited control accuracy of existing incubators, it is often difficult to accurately meet the needs of different incubation stages. This inaccurate control leads to an unstable environment for embryo development, which in turn affects the hatchability and health of the chicks.

[0004] At the same time, cooling eggs is a crucial link in the incubation process, which aims to promote the normal development of the embryo by lowering the temperature of the eggs, removing excess heat, and supplying enough fresh air. However, traditional ways of cooling eggs, such as natural cooling and machine cooling (such as turning off the incubator heat source, turning on the fan, etc.), often have problems with inaccurate control of cooling time and temperature. This leads to unstable cooling effects, and sometimes even affects the hatching rate due to improper cooling of eggs. In addition, frequent water spraying to cool eggs is not only labor-intensive, but also easy to damage the embryo due to improper operation.

[0005] For example, application number CN2021107441734 discloses a method for improving the hatching rate of Muscovy duck breeding eggs. During the incubation process of Muscovy ducks, according to the season when incubating, the breeding duck eggs are cooled on the 7th to 9th day after incubation, until the embryo eggs fall into the tray; when incubating Muscovy ducks in different seasons, the time for the first water spraying to cool the eggs is as follows: Summer: From May to July, start spraying water to cool the breeding duck eggs on the 7th day after incubation, and spray water to cool the eggs once a day on the 7th to 16th day after incubation of the breeding duck eggs; from the 17th day after incubation of the breeding duck eggs to the embryo eggs falling into the tray, spray water and ventilate to cool the eggs once a day; in spring, autumn, or winter, any season: start spraying water to cool the breeding duck eggs on the 9th day after incubation, and spray water to cool the eggs once a day until the embryo eggs fall into the tray; the method of spraying water to cool the eggs in summer is: pull the breeding duck eggs out of the incubator, spray water, the spraying temperature is 25-30°C, and push the breeding duck eggs out of the incubator after spraying water. Return to the incubator and let the breeding duck eggs cool down naturally in the incubator hall for 20-30 minutes, then close the door and enter the normal incubation program; the method of spraying water and ventilation to cool the eggs in summer is: pull the breeding duck eggs out of the incubator, spray water, the spraying temperature is 25-30℃, and after spraying water, cool the breeding duck eggs until the shell surface temperature drops to 25-30℃. After the eggshell surface is completely dry, push the incubator and close the door to enter the normal incubation program; the water spraying volume for each water cooling egg spraying in spring, summer, autumn and winter is 20L water / incubator. During the incubation process of Muscovy duck breeding eggs, the temperature in the incubator is controlled at 25-30℃, and the humidity is controlled at 50%-60%. In spring and winter, the germination rate and healthy seedling rate are as high as 95% and 92% respectively, and in autumn, the germination rate and healthy seedling rate are as high as 93% and 90% respectively; it significantly improves the hatching efficiency of Muscovy duck breeding eggs and has strong practicality.

[0006] However, although seasonal factors are taken into account in the cooling of eggs, and the specific number of days is relatively fixed, it is not precisely adjusted according to the incubation days. As the incubation days increase, the metabolic activity and heat production of the embryo will change. The cooling of eggs with a fixed frequency may not be able to effectively meet the heat dissipation needs of the embryo at different stages. At the same time, the incubation temperature range is fixed and not adjusted according to the incubation stage. The temperature requirements of embryos at different incubation stages are different. The fixed incubation temperature may not provide the most suitable growth environment for the embryo, thus affecting the hatching rate and the health of the chicks.

[0007] Therefore, a method for improving the hatchability of poultry eggs is proposed to solve the current shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned technology and provide a method for improving the hatching rate of poultry breeding eggs.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is a method for improving the hatchability of poultry eggs, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Breeding egg selection: Select breeding eggs that meet the standards from healthy breeding poultry flocks. The surface of the breeding eggs should be clean, without damage or cracks, the egg shape should be normal, and the egg weight should be between 78 and 100g. At the same time, mark the selected breeding eggs and record the relevant information of the breeding poultry.

[0011] S2: Disinfection of hatching eggs: Before the hatching eggs enter the incubator, spray the hatching eggs with disinfectant for 2 to 4 minutes to ensure that the surface of the hatching eggs is evenly covered with disinfectant. The disinfected hatching eggs are placed in a well-ventilated environment for 25 to 30 minutes to allow the disinfectant to evaporate.

[0012] S3, preheating treatment: the sterilized eggs are placed in a preheating room, the temperature of the preheating room is set to 23-26°C, the relative humidity is controlled between 60-65%, and the preheating time is 6-8h, so that the internal temperature of the eggs gradually rises to close to the hatching temperature;

[0013] S4, incubation: put the preheated eggs into the incubator, set the temperature in the incubator to 37-38.5°C, maintain the humidity at 40%-50% in the early stage of incubation, adjust to 50%-55% in the middle stage, and adjust to 65-75% in the late stage;

[0014] S5. Ventilation during incubation: Use one-way ventilation to ensure that the oxygen content in the incubator is not less than 20% and the carbon dioxide content does not exceed 0.5%;

[0015] S6. Turning eggs during incubation: During the first 18 days of incubation, use a machine to regularly turn the eggs. The number of times is 1 to 2 times a day. The turning angle is 110 to 130 degrees. Turn the eggs gently to avoid damaging the embryos.

[0016] S7. Cooling eggs in water: Cooling eggs in water should be started on the 13th to 24th day after the start of incubation.

[0017] S8. Monitoring and adjustment of the incubation process: During the incubation process, regularly monitor the temperature and humidity in the incubator and record the data every 2 to 4 hours;

[0018] S9. Egg candling inspection: Candling is performed on the 7th and 14th days after incubation. The embryonic development inside the eggs is observed using an egg candling lamp with an illumination of 100-200 lux. Poorly developed eggs are removed in a timely manner.

[0019] S10, transfer operation: When the embryo develops to a certain extent, transfer the eggs from the incubation tray to the hatching tray on the 24th day after incubation. The ambient temperature during transfer is 25-30℃ and the relative humidity is 50%-55%;

[0020] S11. Hatching management: Continue incubating in the hatching tray until the chicks hatch. During the hatching period, the temperature in the incubator is 37-37.5°C, the relative humidity is 70-75%, and the oxygen concentration is controlled at 20-21%;

[0021] S12. Handling of chicks: After hatching, the chicks should be promptly transferred from the hatching tray to the brooding room. The temperature in the brooding room should be 32-35°C, the relative humidity should be 60-65%, and the light intensity should be 20-50 lux.

[0022] As an improvement, the egg shape index of the breeding eggs in S1 is between 1.3 and 1.4.

[0023] As an improvement, the disinfectant in S2 is 20 mg / L of Sanisol or 80 mg / L of chlorine dioxide lukewarm solution.

[0024] As an improvement, before S3, the pretreated breeding eggs are stored at a storage temperature of 12 to 15°C and a humidity of 60 to 70% for a storage time of 3 to 5 days.

[0025] As an improvement, in S4, the incubation temperature varies according to different incubation time stages:

[0026] During the first to seventh days of incubation, the incubation temperature is 38 to 38.4°C;

[0027] On the 8th to 10th day of incubation, the incubation temperature is 37.6-37.8°C;

[0028] From the 11th to the 27th day of incubation, the incubation temperature is 37.2-37.6°C;

[0029] From the 28th day of incubation to the early stage of hatching, the temperature is 37-37.4℃.

[0030] As an improvement, in S7, the specific operation of beating water cold eggs is:

[0031] During the middle stage of egg cooling (13th to 19th day), spray the eggs with water 1 to 2 times a day, using 25 to 30°C water for spraying. Each cooling time is about 15 to 20 minutes.

[0032] In the late cooling of eggs (20th to 24th day), spray water and ventilate to cool the eggs 1 to 2 times a day, using 25 to 30°C water for spraying, and each cooling time is 40 to 60 minutes.

[0033] As an improvement, in S8, the temperature and humidity parameters of the incubator are adjusted in time according to the monitoring data. If the temperature fluctuation exceeds 0.5°C or the humidity fluctuation exceeds 5%, the temperature adjustment range is 0.1-0.3°C and the humidity adjustment range is 1-3%.

[0034] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0035] 1. By adopting the method of cooling eggs with water and refining the cooling operation in the middle and late stages, the water with appropriate temperature is sprayed to effectively dissipate the residual heat in the incubator and prevent the embryo from being damaged by excessive temperature. At the same time, the cooling process provides the embryo with the necessary cold stimulation, promotes the normal development of the embryo, enhances its body temperature regulation ability, improves the hatching rate, reduces the embryo death rate, and improves the health of the chicks;

[0036] 2. According to the needs of different incubation stages, the temperature and humidity parameters of the incubator are adjusted to provide the most suitable environment for embryo development. At the same time, ventilation management is strengthened to ensure that the oxygen content in the incubator is sufficient and the carbon dioxide concentration is not too high, providing sufficient oxygen supply for the embryo, which is conducive to the healthy growth of the embryo;

[0037] 3. A system for regularly monitoring the temperature and humidity in the incubator has been established. The data is recorded every 2 hours to promptly detect and adjust abnormal conditions in the incubator. Based on the monitoring data, this solution can accurately adjust the temperature and humidity parameters of the incubator to ensure the stability of the incubation conditions and improve the success rate of incubation;

[0038] 4. The implementation of this method improves the hatching rate, reduces the dead embryo rate, and improves the health of the chicks. This method is not only suitable for large-scale farms, but also provides an efficient and reliable hatching solution for small-scale farmers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] A method for improving the hatchability of poultry eggs comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1. Breeding egg selection: Select breeding eggs that meet the standards from healthy breeding poultry flocks. The surface of the breeding eggs must be clean, without damage or cracks, the egg shape must be normal, and the egg weight must be around 78g. At the same time, mark the selected breeding eggs and record relevant information of the breeding poultry, including breed, age, and breeding environment. This will help with subsequent tracking and management.

[0043] During the specific operation, the egg shape index of the breeding egg is 1.3. During the specific operation, use a vernier caliper to measure the maximum long diameter and the maximum short diameter of the breeding egg, and then use egg shape index = long diameter / short diameter to get the egg shape index.

[0044] S2: Disinfection of hatching eggs: Before the hatching eggs enter the incubator, spray the hatching eggs with disinfectant for 2 minutes to ensure that the surface of the hatching eggs is evenly covered with disinfectant. The disinfected hatching eggs are placed in a well-ventilated environment for 25 minutes to allow the disinfectant to evaporate.

[0045] In this embodiment, the disinfectant is a 20 mg / L chlorhexidine or 80 mg / L chlorine dioxide lukewarm solution.

[0046] S3, preheating treatment: the sterilized eggs are placed in a preheating room, the temperature of the preheating room is set to 23 ° C, the relative humidity is controlled between 60%, and the preheating time is 6 hours, so that the internal temperature of the eggs is gradually increased to close to the incubation temperature;

[0047] Before preheat treatment, the pretreated eggs were stored at a storage temperature of 12°C and a humidity of 60% for 3 days.

[0048] S4, incubation: put the preheated eggs into the incubator, set the temperature in the incubator to 37°C, maintain the humidity at 40% in the early stage of incubation, adjust to 50% in the middle stage, and adjust to 65% in the late stage;

[0049] In specific implementation, the incubation temperature varies according to different incubation time stages:

[0050] The incubation temperature is 38℃ from the 1st to the 7th day of incubation. Specifically, in the early stage of incubation, the embryo is in the primary stage of material metabolism and generates less body heat. Setting a higher incubation temperature (38℃) helps accelerate embryo development and lays a good foundation for the subsequent incubation process. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can ensure the normal material metabolism and growth and development of the embryo, thereby improving the hatching rate.

[0051] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: Some existing incubation plans may set a lower temperature (such as 37.8℃ or lower) in the early stage of incubation, which may slow down the development of embryos and affect the hatching efficiency. The temperature setting of 38℃ can more effectively promote the early development of embryos.

[0052] The incubation temperature is 37.6℃ on the 8th to 10th day of incubation. Specifically, as the embryo ages, the embryo's metabolism becomes increasingly vigorous, especially after the middle of incubation, when the embryo itself generates a large amount of body heat. Therefore, appropriately lowering the incubation temperature (37.6℃) helps to adapt to the embryo's metabolic needs and avoid abnormal embryo development caused by excessively high temperatures. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can ensure that all parts of the embryo are heated evenly, promote the normal development of the embryo, and thus increase the rate of healthy chicks.

[0053] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: some existing incubation schemes may maintain a higher temperature (such as 38°C or higher) in the middle of incubation, which may cause embryo overheating and affect the incubation quality. The temperature setting of 37.6°C can more effectively balance the metabolic needs of the embryo and the temperature environment, and can avoid the embryo from developing too fast due to excessive temperature, thereby reducing the risk of embryo malformation.

[0054] The incubation temperature is 37.2℃ from the 11th to the 27th day of incubation. Specifically, in the late incubation period, the embryos are close to maturity and are more sensitive to temperature. Appropriately lowering the incubation temperature (37.2℃) helps promote the maturation and development of the embryos and prepares them for subsequent hatching. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can reduce the death of embryos due to overheating or overcooling, thereby reducing the embryonic death rate.

[0055] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: some existing incubation schemes may maintain a higher temperature (such as 37.8℃ or higher) in the late incubation period, which may cause embryo overheating and affect the incubation quality. The temperature setting of 37.2℃ can more effectively promote the maturation and development of embryos and improve the incubation efficiency.

[0056] From the 28th day of incubation to the early stage of hatching, the temperature is 37°C. Specifically, at the end of incubation, the embryo is about to hatch, and the temperature requirements are more refined. Appropriately lowering the incubation temperature (37°C) helps to meet the needs of the embryo to hatch, and avoid embryo death or difficulty in hatching caused by excessive temperature. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can ensure that the chicks get sufficient oxygen and nutrition during the hatching process, thereby improving the quality of the chicks.

[0057] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: some existing incubation schemes may maintain a higher temperature (such as 37.5℃ or higher) at the end of incubation, which may cause embryo overheating and affect the hatching process. The temperature setting of 37℃ can more effectively promote the hatching of embryos and the smooth hatching of chicks.

[0058] S5. Ventilation during incubation: Use one-way ventilation to ensure that the oxygen content in the incubator is not less than 20% and the carbon dioxide content does not exceed 0.5%;

[0059] S6. Turning eggs during incubation: During the first 18 days of incubation, use a machine to regularly turn the eggs. By turning the eggs regularly, the position of the embryo will change, which helps to promote the movement of the embryo and maintain a normal fetal position. At the same time, turning the eggs can change the orientation of the embryo, thereby improving blood circulation and ensuring that all parts of the embryo receive adequate nutrition and oxygen supply. In addition, turning the eggs can prevent the embryo from adhering to the shell membrane, especially after the middle of incubation, the allantois and yolk sac also adhere to the shell membrane. Turning the eggs can effectively avoid this situation. Turning the eggs can heat the embryo evenly and avoid embryonic maldevelopment or death caused by uneven temperature. At the same time, turning the eggs can also slow down the loss of water, so that the embryo is in a moist environment, which is conducive to the embryo pecking and hatching smoothly. In addition, turning the eggs can promote the maximum development of the egg white sac, which helps the normal transportation of amniotic fluid and yolk in the second half of incubation, thereby improving the utilization rate of protein. The appropriate frequency of turning the eggs can improve the hatching rate and the healthy chick rate, and reduce the dead embryo rate.

[0060] In this embodiment, the egg turning frequency is once a day, the egg turning angle is 110°, preferably 60° forward and backward or left and right in the horizontal position, and the egg turning should be gentle to avoid damaging the embryo;

[0061] S7. Cooling eggs with water: Cooling eggs with water should be performed from the 13th to the 24th day after the start of incubation. This helps to dissipate the residual heat in the incubator and prevent the embryos from being damaged by overheating. In hot seasons or when the whole box is incubated, especially in the middle and late stages of incubation, the embryo's metabolism will be significantly enhanced, generating more heat. Cooling eggs with water can effectively control the temperature and avoid the increase of dead embryos and weak chicks caused by overheating.

[0062] At the same time, the egg cooling process provides the embryo with the necessary cold stimulation, which not only helps promote the normal development of the embryo, but also enhances its ability to regulate body temperature, making the embryo more adaptable to changes in the external environment, thereby increasing the hatching rate, reducing the embryo death rate, and improving the health of the chicks.

[0063] In addition, cooling eggs can help slow down the loss of water in the embryo and keep it in a moist environment, which is crucial for the embryo to successfully peck and hatch. At the same time, cooling eggs can improve the embryo's blood circulation, ensure that all parts of the embryo receive adequate nutrition and oxygen supply, and further promote the healthy growth of the embryo.

[0064] Specifically, the specific steps for making cold eggs are:

[0065] During the middle stage of egg cooling (13th to 19th day), spray the eggs with 25℃ water once a day for about 15 minutes each time.

[0066] Specifically, after the incubator is turned off, open the door to spray water. After turning on the machine, let the eggs cool down naturally in the incubator for 20 minutes, then close the door and enter the normal incubation program.

[0067] In the late cooling of eggs (20th to 24th day), spray water and ventilate to cool the eggs once a day, using 25℃ water for spraying and each cooling time is 40 minutes.

[0068] Specifically, after the hatchery is turned off, open the door to spray water. After starting up, lower the surface temperature of the egg shell to 30°C. After the surface of the egg shell is completely dry, push the hatchery forward, close the door and enter the normal hatching program.

[0069] For cold eggs:

[0070] This embodiment adopts the method of cooling eggs with water, that is, spraying the eggs with warm water during the cooling process. This method can not only reduce the temperature of the eggs more effectively, but also remove excess heat through the evaporation of water, while maintaining the humidity of the incubation environment.

[0071] There are many ways to cool eggs, but they usually include natural cooling (i.e., cooling eggs using ambient temperature) and machine cooling (e.g., cooling eggs by turning off the heat source of the incubator, turning on the fan, etc.). These methods may not be able to accurately control the time and temperature of cooling eggs, and the operation is relatively cumbersome.

[0072] Regarding the time and frequency of cooling eggs:

[0073] This embodiment clarifies the cooling time and frequency of eggs at different incubation stages. For example, in the middle cooling stage (13-19 days), water is sprayed to cool the eggs once a day, and each cooling time is about 15 minutes; in the late cooling stage (20-24 days), water is sprayed to cool the eggs once a day, and each cooling time is 40 minutes. This precise control helps to ensure the cooling effect and improve the hatching rate.

[0074] Existing technology: The timing and frequency of cooling eggs may vary depending on factors such as incubation conditions and egg type, but there is usually a lack of uniform standards and precise control. Traditional methods usually require multiple cooling operations per day.

[0075] Temperature and humidity control for cold eggs:

[0076] This embodiment can effectively control the temperature and humidity of the eggs by spraying water to cool the eggs. For example, when cooling the eggs in the later stage, the surface temperature of the egg shell is reduced to 30°C, and after the surface of the egg shell is completely dry, the incubator is pushed to continue incubation. This precise temperature and humidity control helps to ensure the normal development of the embryo and improve the quality of incubation.

[0077] Prior art: During the egg cooling process, there may be a lack of precise control over temperature and humidity, resulting in unstable cooling effect.

[0078] By implementing the water cooling method in this embodiment, the temperature and humidity during the incubation process can be effectively controlled, providing a suitable growth environment for the embryo, which helps to reduce the death of the embryo due to overheating or overhumidity, thereby improving the hatching rate.

[0079] At the same time, appropriate cooling conditions and temperature and humidity control can help promote the normal development of the embryo and improve the quality of the chicks. Cooling eggs in water can ensure that the embryos receive adequate oxygen and nutrition during the incubation process, thereby enhancing the physical fitness and adaptability of the chicks.

[0080] Compared with the traditional method of cooling eggs, water cooling is simpler and more efficient. By precisely controlling the time and frequency of water spraying, the cooling effect can be stable and controllable. At the same time, water cooling can also reduce the tediousness of manual operation and improve work efficiency.

[0081] S8. Monitoring and adjustment of the incubation process: During the incubation process, the temperature and humidity in the incubator are regularly monitored and the data are recorded every 2 hours;

[0082] According to the monitoring data, timely adjust the temperature and humidity parameters of the incubator. If the temperature fluctuates by more than 0.5°C or the humidity fluctuates by more than 5%, the temperature adjustment range is 0.1°C and the humidity adjustment range is 1%.

[0083] S9. Egg candling inspection: Candling is performed on the 7th and 14th days after incubation. The embryonic development inside the eggs is observed using an egg candling lamp with an illumination of 100 lux. Poorly developed eggs are removed in a timely manner.

[0084] S10, transfer operation: When the embryo develops to a certain extent, transfer the eggs from the incubation tray to the hatching tray on the 24th day after incubation. The ambient temperature during transfer is 25°C and the relative humidity is 50%;

[0085] It is worth mentioning that you should be gentle when placing the embryos into the tray to avoid mechanical damage to the embryos.

[0086] S11. Hatching management: Continue incubating in the hatching tray until the chicks hatch. During the hatching period, the temperature in the incubator is 37°C, the relative humidity is 70%, and the oxygen concentration is controlled at 20%;

[0087] S12. Chick handling: After the chicks hatch, they should be promptly transferred from the hatching tray to the brooding room. The temperature in the brooding room should be 32°C, the relative humidity should be 60%, and the light intensity should be 20 lux.

[0088] Embodiment 2

[0089] A method for improving the hatchability of poultry eggs comprises the following steps:

[0090] S1. Breeding egg selection: Select breeding eggs that meet the standards from healthy breeding poultry flocks. The surface of the breeding eggs must be clean, without damage or cracks, the egg shape must be normal, and the egg weight must be around 89g. At the same time, mark the selected breeding eggs and record relevant information of the breeding poultry, including breed, age, breeding environment, etc. This will help with subsequent tracking and management;

[0091] During specific operation, the egg shape index of the breeding egg is 1.35. During specific operation, use a vernier caliper to measure the maximum long diameter and the maximum short diameter of the breeding egg, and then use egg shape index = long diameter / short diameter to get the egg shape index.

[0092] S2: Egg disinfection: Before the eggs enter the incubator, spray the eggs with disinfectant for 3 minutes to ensure that the surface of the eggs is evenly covered with disinfectant. The disinfected eggs are placed in a well-ventilated environment for 28 minutes to allow the disinfectant to evaporate.

[0093] In this embodiment, the disinfectant is a 20 mg / L chlorhexidine or 80 mg / L chlorine dioxide lukewarm solution.

[0094] S3, preheating treatment: the sterilized eggs are placed in a preheating room, the temperature of the preheating room is set to 25°C, the relative humidity is controlled between 63%, and the preheating time is 7 hours, so that the internal temperature of the eggs gradually rises to close to the incubation temperature;

[0095] Before preheat treatment, the pretreated eggs were stored at a storage temperature of 13°C and a humidity of 65% for 4 days.

[0096] S4, incubation: put the preheated eggs into the incubator, set the temperature in the incubator to 37.7°C, maintain the humidity at 45% in the early stage of incubation, adjust to 52.5% in the middle stage, and adjust to 70% in the late stage;

[0097] In specific implementation, the incubation temperature varies according to different incubation time stages:

[0098] The incubation temperature is 38.2℃ from the 1st to the 7th day of incubation. Specifically, in the early stage of incubation, the embryo is in the primary stage of material metabolism and generates less body heat. Setting a higher incubation temperature (38.2℃) helps accelerate embryo development and lays a good foundation for the subsequent incubation process. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can ensure the normal material metabolism and growth and development of the embryo, thereby improving the hatching rate.

[0099] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: Some existing incubation plans may set a lower temperature (such as 37.8℃ or lower) in the early stage of incubation, which may slow down the development of embryos and affect the hatching efficiency. The temperature setting of 38.2℃ can more effectively promote the early development of embryos.

[0100] The incubation temperature is 37.7℃ on the 8th to 10th day of incubation. Specifically, as the embryo ages, the embryo's metabolism becomes increasingly vigorous, especially after the middle of incubation, when the embryo itself generates a large amount of body heat. Therefore, appropriately lowering the incubation temperature (37.7℃) helps to adapt to the embryo's metabolic needs and avoid abnormal embryo development caused by excessively high temperatures. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can ensure that all parts of the embryo are heated evenly, promote the normal development of the embryo, and thus increase the rate of healthy chicks.

[0101] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: some existing incubation schemes may maintain a higher temperature (such as 38°C or higher) in the middle of incubation, which may cause embryo overheating and affect the incubation quality. The temperature setting of 37.7°C can more effectively balance the metabolic needs of the embryo and the temperature environment, and can avoid the embryo from developing too fast due to excessive temperature, thereby reducing the risk of embryo malformation.

[0102] The incubation temperature is 37.4℃ from the 11th to the 27th day of incubation. Specifically, in the late incubation period, the embryos are close to maturity and are more sensitive to temperature. Appropriately lowering the incubation temperature (37.4℃) helps promote the maturation and development of the embryos and prepares them for hatching. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can reduce the death of embryos due to overheating or overcooling, thereby reducing the embryonic death rate.

[0103] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: some existing incubation schemes may maintain a higher temperature (such as 37.8℃ or higher) in the late incubation period, which may cause embryo overheating and affect the incubation quality. The temperature setting of 37.4℃ can more effectively promote the maturation and development of embryos and improve the incubation efficiency.

[0104] From the 28th day of incubation to the early stage of hatching, the temperature is 37.2℃. Specifically, at the end of incubation, the embryo is about to hatch, and the temperature requirements are more refined. Appropriately lowering the incubation temperature (37.2℃) helps to meet the needs of the embryo to hatch, and avoid embryo death or difficulty in hatching due to excessive temperature. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can ensure that the chicks get sufficient oxygen and nutrition during the hatching process, thereby improving the quality of the chicks.

[0105] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: some existing incubation schemes may maintain a higher temperature (such as 37.5℃ or higher) at the end of incubation, which may cause embryo overheating and affect the hatching process. The temperature setting of 37.2℃ can more effectively promote the hatching of embryos and the smooth hatching of chicks.

[0106] S5. Ventilation during incubation: Use one-way ventilation to ensure that the oxygen content in the incubator is not less than 20% and the carbon dioxide content does not exceed 0.5%;

[0107] S6. Turning eggs during incubation: During the first 18 days of incubation, use a machine to regularly turn the eggs. By turning the eggs regularly, the position of the embryo will change, which helps to promote the movement of the embryo and maintain a normal fetal position. At the same time, turning the eggs can change the orientation of the embryo, thereby improving blood circulation and ensuring that all parts of the embryo receive adequate nutrition and oxygen supply. In addition, turning the eggs can prevent the embryo from adhering to the shell membrane, especially after the middle of incubation, the allantois and yolk sac also adhere to the shell membrane. Turning the eggs can effectively avoid this situation. Turning the eggs can heat the embryo evenly and avoid embryonic maldevelopment or death caused by uneven temperature. At the same time, turning the eggs can also slow down the loss of water, so that the embryo is in a moist environment, which is conducive to the embryo pecking and hatching smoothly. In addition, turning the eggs can promote the maximum development of the egg white sac, which helps the normal transportation of amniotic fluid and yolk in the second half of incubation, thereby improving the utilization rate of protein. The appropriate frequency of turning the eggs can improve the hatching rate and the healthy chick rate, and reduce the dead embryo rate.

[0108] In this embodiment, the egg turning frequency is once a day, and the egg turning angle is 120°, preferably 60° forward and backward or left and right in the horizontal position. The egg turning should be gentle to avoid damaging the embryo;

[0109] S7. Cooling eggs with water: Cooling eggs with water should be performed from the 13th to the 24th day after the start of incubation. This helps to dissipate the residual heat in the incubator and prevent the embryos from being damaged by overheating. In hot seasons or when the whole box is incubated, especially in the middle and late stages of incubation, the embryo's metabolism will be significantly enhanced, generating more heat. Cooling eggs with water can effectively control the temperature and avoid the increase of dead embryos and weak chicks caused by overheating.

[0110] At the same time, the egg cooling process provides the embryo with the necessary cold stimulation, which not only helps promote the normal development of the embryo, but also enhances its ability to regulate body temperature, making the embryo more adaptable to changes in the external environment, thereby increasing the hatching rate, reducing the embryo death rate, and improving the health of the chicks.

[0111] In addition, cooling eggs can help slow down the loss of water in the embryo and keep it in a moist environment, which is crucial for the embryo to successfully peck and hatch. At the same time, cooling eggs can improve the embryo's blood circulation, ensure that all parts of the embryo receive adequate nutrition and oxygen supply, and further promote the healthy growth of the embryo.

[0112] Specifically, the specific steps for making cold eggs are:

[0113] During the middle stage of egg cooling (13th to 19th day), spray the eggs once a day with 28℃ water, and each cooling time is about 18 minutes.

[0114] Specifically, after the incubator is turned off, open the door to spray water. After turning on the machine, let the eggs cool down naturally in the incubator for 18 minutes, and then close the door to enter the normal incubation program.

[0115] In the later stage of cooling eggs (20th to 24th day), spray water and ventilate to cool the eggs once a day. Use 28℃ water for spraying and each cooling time is 50 minutes.

[0116] Specifically, after the hatchery is turned off, open the door to spray water. After starting up, lower the surface temperature of the egg shell to 30°C. After the surface of the egg shell is completely dry, push the hatchery forward, close the door and enter the normal hatching program.

[0117] For cold eggs:

[0118] This embodiment adopts the method of cooling eggs with water, that is, spraying the eggs with warm water during the cooling process. This method can not only reduce the temperature of the eggs more effectively, but also remove excess heat through the evaporation of water, while maintaining the humidity of the incubation environment.

[0119] There are many ways to cool eggs, but they usually include natural cooling (i.e., cooling eggs using ambient temperature) and machine cooling (e.g., cooling eggs by turning off the heat source of the incubator, turning on the fan, etc.). These methods may not be able to accurately control the time and temperature of cooling eggs, and the operation is relatively cumbersome.

[0120] Regarding the time and frequency of cooling eggs:

[0121] This embodiment clarifies the cooling time and frequency of eggs at different incubation stages. For example, in the middle cooling stage (13-19 days), water is sprayed to cool the eggs once a day, and each cooling time is about 18 minutes; in the late cooling stage (20-24 days), water is sprayed to cool the eggs once a day, and each cooling time is 50 minutes. This precise control helps to ensure the cooling effect and improve the hatching rate.

[0122] Existing technology: The timing and frequency of cooling eggs may vary depending on factors such as incubation conditions and egg type, but there is usually a lack of uniform standards and precise control. Traditional methods usually require multiple cooling operations per day.

[0123] Temperature and humidity control for cold eggs:

[0124] This embodiment can effectively control the temperature and humidity of the eggs by spraying water to cool the eggs. For example, when cooling the eggs in the later stage, the surface temperature of the egg shell is reduced to 30°C, and after the surface of the egg shell is completely dry, the incubator is pushed to continue incubation. This precise temperature and humidity control helps to ensure the normal development of the embryo and improve the quality of incubation.

[0125] Prior art: During the egg cooling process, there may be a lack of precise control over temperature and humidity, resulting in unstable cooling effect.

[0126] By implementing the water cooling method in this embodiment, the temperature and humidity during the incubation process can be effectively controlled, providing a suitable growth environment for the embryo, which helps to reduce the death of the embryo due to overheating or overhumidity, thereby improving the hatching rate.

[0127] At the same time, appropriate cooling conditions and temperature and humidity control can help promote the normal development of the embryo and improve the quality of the chicks. Cooling eggs in water can ensure that the embryos receive adequate oxygen and nutrition during the incubation process, thereby enhancing the physical fitness and adaptability of the chicks.

[0128] Compared with the traditional method of cooling eggs, water cooling is simpler and more efficient. By precisely controlling the time and frequency of water spraying, the cooling effect can be stable and controllable. At the same time, water cooling can also reduce the tediousness of manual operation and improve work efficiency.

[0129] S8. Monitoring and adjustment of the incubation process: During the incubation process, the temperature and humidity in the incubator are regularly monitored and the data are recorded every 3 hours;

[0130] According to the monitoring data, the temperature and humidity parameters of the incubator are adjusted in time. If the temperature fluctuates by more than 0.5°C or the humidity fluctuates by more than 5%, the temperature adjustment range is 0.2°C and the humidity adjustment range is 2%.

[0131] S9. Egg candling inspection: Candling is performed on the 7th and 14th days after incubation. The embryonic development inside the eggs is observed using an egg candling lamp with an illumination of 150 lux. Poorly developed eggs are removed in a timely manner.

[0132] S10, transfer operation: When the embryo develops to a certain extent, transfer the eggs from the incubation tray to the hatching tray on the 24th day after incubation. The ambient temperature during transfer is 28°C and the relative humidity is 52%;

[0133] It is worth mentioning that you should be gentle when placing the embryos into the tray to avoid mechanical damage to the embryos.

[0134] S11. Hatching management: Continue incubating in the hatching tray until the chicks hatch. During the hatching period, the temperature in the incubator is 37.3°C, the relative humidity is 73%, and the oxygen concentration is controlled at 20.5%;

[0135] S12. Chick handling: After the chicks hatch, they are promptly transferred from the hatching tray to the brooding room. The temperature in the brooding room is 33°C, the relative humidity is 63%, and the light intensity is 35 lux.

[0136] Embodiment 3

[0137] A method for improving the hatchability of poultry eggs comprises the following steps:

[0138] S1. Breeding egg selection: Select breeding eggs that meet the standards from healthy breeding poultry flocks. The surface of the breeding eggs must be clean, without damage or cracks, the egg shape must be normal, and the egg weight must be around 100g. At the same time, mark the selected breeding eggs and record relevant information of the breeding poultry, including breed, age, breeding environment, etc. This will help with subsequent tracking and management;

[0139] During the specific operation, the egg shape index of the breeding egg is 1.4. During the specific operation, use a vernier caliper to measure the maximum long diameter and the maximum short diameter of the breeding egg, and then use egg shape index = long diameter / short diameter to get the egg shape index.

[0140] S2: Disinfection of hatching eggs: Before the hatching eggs enter the incubator, spray the hatching eggs with disinfectant for 4 minutes to ensure that the surface of the hatching eggs is evenly covered with disinfectant. The disinfected hatching eggs are placed in a well-ventilated environment for 30 minutes to allow the disinfectant to evaporate.

[0141] In this embodiment, the disinfectant is a 20 mg / L chlorhexidine or 80 mg / L chlorine dioxide lukewarm solution.

[0142] S3, preheating treatment: the sterilized eggs are placed in a preheating room, the temperature of the preheating room is set to 26 ° C, the relative humidity is controlled between 65%, and the preheating time is 8 hours, so that the internal temperature of the eggs is gradually increased to close to the incubation temperature;

[0143] Before preheat treatment, the pretreated eggs were stored at a storage temperature of 15°C and a humidity of 70% for 5 days.

[0144] S4, incubation: put the preheated eggs into the incubator, set the temperature in the incubator to 38.5℃, keep the humidity at 50% in the early stage of incubation, adjust to 55% in the middle stage, and adjust to 75% in the late stage;

[0145] In specific implementation, the incubation temperature varies according to different incubation time stages:

[0146] The incubation temperature is 38.4℃ from the 1st to the 7th day of incubation. Specifically, in the early stage of incubation, the embryo is in the primary stage of material metabolism and generates less body heat. Setting a higher incubation temperature (38.4℃) helps accelerate embryo development and lays a good foundation for the subsequent incubation process. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can ensure the normal material metabolism and growth and development of the embryo, thereby improving the hatching rate.

[0147] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: Some existing incubation plans may set a lower temperature (such as 37.8℃ or lower) in the early stage of incubation, which may slow down the development of embryos and affect the hatching efficiency. The temperature setting of 38.4℃ can more effectively promote the early development of embryos.

[0148] The incubation temperature is 37.8℃ on the 8th to 10th day of incubation. Specifically, as the embryo ages, the embryo's metabolism becomes increasingly vigorous, especially after the middle of incubation, when the embryo itself generates a large amount of body heat. Therefore, appropriately lowering the incubation temperature (37.8℃) helps to adapt to the embryo's metabolic needs and avoid abnormal embryo development caused by excessively high temperatures. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can ensure that all parts of the embryo are heated evenly, promote the normal development of the embryo, and thus increase the rate of healthy chicks.

[0149] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: some existing incubation schemes may maintain a higher temperature (such as 38°C or higher) in the middle of incubation, which may cause embryo overheating and affect the incubation quality. The temperature setting of 37.8°C can more effectively balance the metabolic needs of the embryo and the temperature environment, and can avoid the embryo from developing too fast due to excessive temperature, thereby reducing the risk of embryo malformation.

[0150] The incubation temperature is 37.6℃ from the 11th to the 27th day of incubation. Specifically, in the late incubation period, the embryos are close to maturity and are more sensitive to temperature. Appropriately lowering the incubation temperature (37.6℃) helps promote the maturation and development of the embryos and prepares them for subsequent hatching. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can reduce the death of embryos due to overheating or overcooling, thereby reducing the embryonic death rate.

[0151] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: some existing incubation schemes may maintain a higher temperature (such as 37.8℃ or higher) in the late incubation period, which may cause embryo overheating and affect the incubation quality. The temperature setting of 37.6℃ can more effectively promote the maturation and development of embryos and improve the incubation efficiency.

[0152] From the 28th day of incubation to the early stage of hatching, the temperature is 37.4℃. Specifically, at the end of incubation, the embryo is about to hatch, and the temperature requirements are more refined. Appropriately lowering the incubation temperature (37.4℃) helps to meet the needs of the embryo to hatch, and avoid embryo death or difficulty in hatching caused by excessive temperature. At the same time, the appropriate incubation temperature can ensure that the chicks get sufficient oxygen and nutrition during the hatching process, thereby improving the quality of the chicks.

[0153] Compared with the existing incubation temperature: some existing incubation schemes may maintain a higher temperature (such as 37.5℃ or higher) at the end of incubation, which may cause embryo overheating and affect the hatching process. The temperature setting of 37.2℃ can more effectively promote the hatching of embryos and the smooth hatching of chicks.

[0154] S5. Ventilation during incubation: Use one-way ventilation to ensure that the oxygen content in the incubator is not less than 20% and the carbon dioxide content does not exceed 0.5%;

[0155] S6. Turning eggs during incubation: During the first 18 days of incubation, use a machine to regularly turn the eggs. By turning the eggs regularly, the position of the embryo will change, which helps to promote the movement of the embryo and maintain a normal fetal position. At the same time, turning the eggs can change the orientation of the embryo, thereby improving blood circulation and ensuring that all parts of the embryo receive adequate nutrition and oxygen supply. In addition, turning the eggs can prevent the embryo from adhering to the shell membrane, especially after the middle of incubation, the allantois and yolk sac also adhere to the shell membrane. Turning the eggs can effectively avoid this situation. Turning the eggs can heat the embryo evenly and avoid embryonic maldevelopment or death caused by uneven temperature. At the same time, turning the eggs can also slow down the loss of water, so that the embryo is in a moist environment, which is conducive to the embryo pecking and hatching smoothly. In addition, turning the eggs can promote the maximum development of the egg white sac, which helps the normal transportation of amniotic fluid and yolk in the second half of incubation, thereby improving the utilization rate of protein. The appropriate frequency of turning the eggs can improve the hatching rate and the healthy chick rate, and reduce the dead embryo rate.

[0156] In this embodiment, the egg is turned twice a day, and the turning angle is 130°, preferably 60° to the left and right of the horizontal position. The egg should be turned gently to avoid damaging the embryo;

[0157] S7. Cooling eggs with water: Cooling eggs with water should be performed from the 13th to the 24th day after the start of incubation. This helps to dissipate the residual heat in the incubator and prevent the embryos from being damaged by excessive temperatures. In hot seasons or when the whole box is incubated, especially in the middle and late stages of incubation, the embryo's metabolism will be significantly enhanced, generating more heat. Cooling eggs with water can effectively control the temperature and avoid the increase in dead embryos and weak chicks caused by self-heating and overheating.

[0158] At the same time, the egg cooling process provides the embryo with the necessary cold stimulation, which not only helps promote the normal development of the embryo, but also enhances its ability to regulate body temperature, making the embryo more adaptable to changes in the external environment, thereby increasing the hatching rate, reducing the embryo death rate, and improving the health of the chicks.

[0159] In addition, cooling eggs can help slow down the loss of water in the embryo and keep it in a moist environment, which is crucial for the embryo to successfully peck and hatch. At the same time, cooling eggs can improve the embryo's blood circulation, ensure that all parts of the embryo receive adequate nutrition and oxygen supply, and further promote the healthy growth of the embryo.

[0160] Specifically, the specific steps for making cold eggs are:

[0161] During the middle stage of egg cooling (13th to 19th day), spray the eggs twice a day with 30℃ water, and each cooling time is about 20 minutes.

[0162] Specifically, after the incubator is turned off, open the door to spray water. After turning on the machine, let the eggs cool down naturally in the incubator for 20 minutes, then close the door and enter the normal incubation program.

[0163] In the later stage of cooling eggs (20th to 24th day), spray water and ventilate to cool the eggs once a day. Use 28℃ water for spraying and each cooling time is 60 minutes.

[0164] Specifically, after the hatchery is turned off, open the door to spray water. After starting up, lower the surface temperature of the egg shell to 30°C. After the surface of the egg shell is completely dry, push the hatchery forward, close the door and enter the normal hatching program.

[0165] For cold eggs:

[0166] This embodiment adopts the method of cooling eggs with water, that is, spraying the eggs with warm water during the cooling process. This method can not only reduce the temperature of the eggs more effectively, but also remove excess heat through the evaporation of water, while maintaining the humidity of the incubation environment.

[0167] There are many ways to cool eggs, but they usually include natural cooling (i.e., cooling eggs using ambient temperature) and machine cooling (e.g., cooling eggs by turning off the heat source of the incubator, turning on the fan, etc.). These methods may not be able to accurately control the time and temperature of cooling eggs, and the operation is relatively cumbersome.

[0168] Regarding the time and frequency of cooling eggs:

[0169] This embodiment clarifies the cooling time and frequency of eggs at different incubation stages. For example, in the middle stage of cooling eggs (13th to 19th day), water is sprayed to cool the eggs once a day, and each cooling time is about 20 minutes; in the late stage of cooling eggs (20th to 24th day), water is sprayed and ventilated to cool the eggs once a day, and each cooling time is 60 minutes. This precise control helps to ensure the cooling effect and improve the hatching rate.

[0170] Existing technology: The timing and frequency of cooling eggs may vary depending on factors such as incubation conditions and egg type, but there is usually a lack of uniform standards and precise control. Traditional methods usually require multiple cooling operations per day.

[0171] Temperature and humidity control for cold eggs:

[0172] This embodiment can effectively control the temperature and humidity of the eggs by spraying water to cool the eggs. For example, when cooling the eggs in the later stage, the surface temperature of the egg shell is reduced to 30°C, and after the surface of the egg shell is completely dry, the incubator is pushed to continue incubation. This precise temperature and humidity control helps to ensure the normal development of the embryo and improve the quality of incubation.

[0173] Prior art: During the egg cooling process, there may be a lack of precise control over temperature and humidity, resulting in unstable cooling effect.

[0174] By implementing the water cooling method in this embodiment, the temperature and humidity during the incubation process can be effectively controlled, providing a suitable growth environment for the embryo, which helps to reduce the death of the embryo due to overheating or overhumidity, thereby improving the hatching rate.

[0175] At the same time, appropriate cooling conditions and temperature and humidity control can help promote the normal development of the embryo and improve the quality of the chicks. Cooling eggs in water can ensure that the embryos receive adequate oxygen and nutrition during the incubation process, thereby enhancing the physical fitness and adaptability of the chicks.

[0176] Compared with the traditional method of cooling eggs, water cooling is simpler and more efficient. By precisely controlling the time and frequency of water spraying, the cooling effect can be stable and controllable. At the same time, water cooling can also reduce the tediousness of manual operation and improve work efficiency.

[0177] S8. Monitoring and adjustment of the incubation process: During the incubation process, the temperature and humidity in the incubator are regularly monitored and the data are recorded every 4 hours;

[0178] According to the monitoring data, the temperature and humidity parameters of the incubator are adjusted in time. If the temperature fluctuates by more than 0.5°C or the humidity fluctuates by more than 5%, the temperature adjustment range is 0.3°C and the humidity adjustment range is 3%.

[0179] S9. Egg candling inspection: Candling is performed on the 7th and 14th days after incubation. The embryonic development inside the eggs is observed using an egg candling lamp with an illumination of 100 lux. Poorly developed eggs are removed in a timely manner.

[0180] S10, transfer operation: When the embryo develops to a certain extent, transfer the eggs from the incubation tray to the hatching tray on the 24th day after incubation. The ambient temperature during transfer is 30°C and the relative humidity is 55%;

[0181] It is worth mentioning that you should be gentle when placing the embryos into the tray to avoid mechanical damage to the embryos.

[0182] S11. Hatching management: Continue incubating in the hatching tray until the chicks hatch. During the hatching period, the temperature in the incubator is 37.5°C, the relative humidity is 75%, and the oxygen concentration is controlled at 21%;

[0183] S12. Chick handling: After the chicks hatch, they should be promptly transferred from the hatching tray to the brooding room. The temperature in the brooding room should be 35°C, the relative humidity should be 65%, and the light intensity should be 50 lux.

[0184] Comparative Example 1:

[0185] The incubation temperature was 38° C. (constant), the humidity was 55% (constant), the eggs were cooled with water once a day for 2 to 24 days, the eggs were turned 10 to 12 times a day, and the other incubation conditions were carried out according to the method of Example 3;

[0186] Comparative Example 2:

[0187] The incubation temperature is 38.5° C. (constant), the humidity is 60% (constant), the eggs are cooled in water twice a day for 2 to 24 days, the eggs are turned 20 to 24 times a day, and the other incubation conditions are carried out according to the method of Example 3;

[0188] In order to better illustrate the technical effect of the present invention, the following experimental verification is carried out.

[0189] 1. Experimental design

[0190] (A) Experimental group: incubation methods of Examples 1, 2, and 3

[0191] (B) Control group: Traditional incubation method for comparison

[0192] (C) Sample size: 1000 eggs per group

[0193] (D) Number of repetitions: 3 times

[0194] The average hatching peak time, average hatching rate, average healthy chick rate and average dead embryo rate of the hatching schemes of Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0195]

[0196] It can be seen from the above examples that the hatching rate of live embryos in the method provided by the present invention is above 96%, which is 7.8-8.8% higher than that of conventional hatching methods.

[0197] The average hatching peak time of Examples 1 to 3 is 0.5 days earlier than that of the control group; the average healthy chick rate of Examples 1 to 3 is 12.7% to 13.4% higher than that of the control group; the average dead embryo rate of Examples 1 to 3 is 5.8% to 6.7% lower than that of the control group.

[0198] 2. Calculation of economic benefits assumptions

[0199] 1) Number of eggs

[0200] Number of hatching eggs per year: Assumed to be 1 million;

[0201] Cost of breeding eggs: Assume that the cost of each breeding egg is 1 yuan;

[0202] Market price of ducklings: Assume that the market price of each duckling is 2.5 yuan (this price will fluctuate according to market conditions);

[0203] Hatching rate description:

[0204] The average hatching rate of Examples 1, 2, and 3: above 96% (assumed to be 96.5% to simplify the calculation)

[0205] Average hatchability of comparison samples 1 and 2: 88.2% to 90.1% (assumed to be 88.5% to simplify calculation)

[0206] 2) Calculation of economic benefits

[0207] 2.1. Increase in the number of ducklings due to improved hatching rate

[0208] The original number of hatched ducklings (comparative ratio):

[0209] 1 million pieces x 88.5% = 885,000 pieces

[0210] The number of hatched ducklings after promotion (Example):

[0211] 1 million pieces x 96.5% = 965,000 pieces

[0212] Increased number of ducklings:

[0213] 965,000-885,000=80,000

[0214] 2.2 Calculation of economic benefits

[0215] Increased income from duckling sales:

[0216] 80,000 pieces × 2.5 yuan / piece = 200,000 yuan

[0217] Cost savings on hatching eggs (due to increased hatchability and reduced waste of unhatched eggs):

[0218] (1 million pieces - 965,000 pieces) × 1 yuan per piece = 35,000 yuan

[0219] Total economic benefits:

[0220] 200,000 yuan + 35,000 yuan = 235,000 yuan

[0221] 3) Data analysis and conclusion

[0222] Through the above calculations, we can intuitively see that by implementing the method of improving the hatchability of poultry eggs in the present invention, an economic benefit of about 235,000 yuan can be brought every year. This is mainly due to the significant improvement in the hatchability, which increases the sales volume of ducklings and reduces the waste of breeding eggs.

[0223] The present invention and its implementation methods are described above, but such description is not restrictive. What is shown above is only one of the implementation methods of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the hatchability of poultry eggs, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Breeding egg selection: Select breeding eggs that meet the standards from healthy breeding poultry flocks. The surface of the breeding eggs should be clean, without damage or cracks, the egg shape should be normal, and the egg weight should be between 78 and 100g. At the same time, mark the selected breeding eggs and record the relevant information of the breeding poultry. S2: Disinfection of hatching eggs: Before the hatching eggs enter the incubator, spray the hatching eggs with disinfectant for 2 to 4 minutes to ensure that the surface of the hatching eggs is evenly covered with disinfectant. The disinfected hatching eggs are placed in a well-ventilated environment for 25 to 30 minutes to allow the disinfectant to evaporate. S3, preheating treatment: the sterilized eggs are placed in a preheating room, the temperature of the preheating room is set to 23-26°C, the relative humidity is controlled between 60-65%, and the preheating time is 6-8h, so that the internal temperature of the eggs gradually rises to close to the hatching temperature; S4, incubation: put the preheated eggs into the incubator, set the temperature in the incubator to 37-38.5°C, maintain the humidity at 40%-50% in the early stage of incubation, adjust to 50%-55% in the middle stage, and adjust to 65-75% in the late stage; S5. Ventilation during incubation: Use one-way ventilation to ensure that the oxygen content in the incubator is not less than 20% and the carbon dioxide content does not exceed 0.5%; S6. Turning eggs during incubation: During the first 18 days of incubation, use a machine to regularly turn the eggs. The number of times is 1 to 2 times a day. The turning angle is 110 to 130 degrees. Turn the eggs gently to avoid damaging the embryos. S7. Cooling eggs in water: Cooling eggs in water should be started on the 13th to 24th day after the start of incubation. S8. Monitoring and adjustment of the incubation process: During the incubation process, regularly monitor the temperature and humidity in the incubator and record the data every 2 to 4 hours; S9. Egg candling inspection: Candling is performed on the 7th and 14th days after incubation. The embryonic development inside the eggs is observed using an egg candling lamp with an illumination of 100-200 lux. Poorly developed eggs are removed in a timely manner. S10, transfer operation: When the embryo develops to a certain extent, transfer the eggs from the incubation tray to the hatching tray on the 24th day after incubation. The ambient temperature during transfer is 25-30℃ and the relative humidity is 50%-55%; S11. Hatching management: Continue incubating in the hatching tray until the chicks hatch. During the hatching period, the temperature in the incubator is 37-37.5°C, the relative humidity is 70-75%, and the oxygen concentration is controlled at 20-21%; S12. Handling of chicks: After hatching, the chicks should be promptly transferred from the hatching tray to the brooding room. The temperature in the brooding room should be 32-35°C, the relative humidity should be 60-65%, and the light intensity should be 20-50 lux.

2. The poultry hatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the egg shape index of the breeding eggs is between 1.3 and 1.

4.

3. The poultry hatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disinfectant in S2 is a 20 mg / L Sanisol or 80 mg / L chlorine dioxide lukewarm solution.

4. The poultry hatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before S3, the pretreated eggs are stored at a storage temperature of 12 to 15°C and a humidity of 60 to 70% for 3 to 5 days.

5. The poultry hatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the temperature of the incubation varies according to different incubation time stages: During the first to seventh days of incubation, the incubation temperature is 38 to 38.4°C; On the 8th to 10th day of incubation, the incubation temperature is 37.6-37.8°C; From the 11th to the 27th day of incubation, the incubation temperature is 37.2-37.6°C; From the 28th day of incubation to the early stage of hatching, the temperature is 37-37.4℃.

6. The poultry hatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S7, the specific operations for making cold eggs are as follows: During the middle stage of egg cooling (13th to 19th day), spray the eggs with water 1 to 2 times a day, using 25 to 30°C water for spraying. Each cooling time is about 15 to 20 minutes. In the late cooling of eggs (20th to 24th day), spray water and ventilate to cool the eggs 1 to 2 times a day, using 25 to 30°C water for spraying, and each cooling time is 40 to 60 minutes.

7. The poultry hatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S8, the temperature and humidity parameters of the incubator are adjusted in time according to the monitoring data. If the temperature fluctuation exceeds 0.5°C or the humidity fluctuation exceeds 5%, the temperature adjustment range is 0.1-0.3°C and the humidity adjustment range is 1-3%.

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