Multi-blade synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-blade synchronous expansion type vaginal speculum which is composed of a speculum base, blades and a power mechanism. The vaginal speculum is simple in design, convenient to operate and suitable for vagina and cervix uteri examination of women of all ages, especially in postpartum hemorrhage reason diagnosis and vagina and cervix uteri laceration suturing, and meanwhile compared with a traditional vaginal retractor which needs to be operated by multiple persons and is limited in visual field exposure, the vaginal speculum has the advantages that by means of the multi-blade design and the independent fixing function, the vaginal speculum is more convenient to use. In addition, the vaginal speculum can rapidly position and fix bleeding spots and hematoma positions, efficient bleeding control is achieved, the postpartum bleeding amount, the complication occurrence rate and the blood transfusion requirement are remarkably reduced, and the mortality risk of pregnant and lying-in women is reduced. And meanwhile, the device has excellent applicability in various transvaginal operations such as hysterectomy, cervix uteri examination and treatment, female reproductive organ prolapse repair and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and in particular relates to a multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum. Background Art

[0002] Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide. In China, the mortality rate due to postpartum hemorrhage has decreased by more than 50% in the past two decades, but there is still room for further improvement. Early identification and rapid intervention are essential to reduce the risk of death related to postpartum hemorrhage. In clinical practice, the "four early principles" - early call for help and team rescue, early comprehensive assessment and dynamic monitoring, early hemostasis, early volume resuscitation and component transfusion - have been proven to be significantly effective in reducing maternal mortality. The rapid implementation of these measures can effectively prevent the deterioration of the condition and improve the overall quality of care and emergency response capabilities.

[0003] Traditionally, uterine atony is the main cause of postpartum hemorrhage, accounting for about 63%. Thanks to the application of uterotonic drugs and intrauterine balloon technology, this problem has been alleviated to a certain extent. However, the proportion of bleeding caused by soft birth canal lacerations is on the rise, accounting for about 20%. In particular, lacerations and hematomas in the cervix and vagina increase the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment due to the slow recovery of the uterus and ligaments after delivery.

[0004] In actual operation, iron or plastic duckbill vaginal speculum is difficult to quickly and effectively examine the deep vagina and cervical area due to its limited opening angle and insufficient fixation ability. Although vaginal retractor is helpful in providing visual exposure, it requires three people to operate it, which increases time and labor costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a new multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following scheme:

[0007] A multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction vaginal speculum comprises a base, blades and a power mechanism. The base comprises a movable base and a follower base which are relatively movable and adjustable. The blades have at least three blades, one of which is mounted on the movable base and abuts against the lower end of the perineal vestibule outside the vagina, and the remaining blades are mounted on the follower base and abut against the side and / or top of the vaginal wall; and some of the blades can also be flipped around their own axes in the up-down and / or left-right directions for angle and position adjustment; the power mechanism is used to drive the movable base to move relative to the follower base so as to synchronously expand the multiple blades outward or retract them inward to adjust the size of the vaginal opening, and the power mechanism can also lock the movable base and the follower base at the current adjustment position.

[0008] Preferably, each blade comprises a sheet body that is arched outwards from two sides, wherein the sheet body is in contact with the vaginal wall from the outwardly arched surface, so as to avoid causing contact discomfort or damage to the vaginal wall.

[0009] According to a specific implementation and preferred aspect of the present invention, each blade further includes an arched intervention end disposed at the insertion end of the blade body, wherein the end of the intervention end is rounded and the outer arched surface of the arch fits the vaginal wall. The provision of the intervention end not only facilitates the formation of a guide for insertion into the vagina, but also avoids causing punctures to the vaginal wall.

[0010] According to another specific implementation and preferred aspect of the present invention, the movable seat includes a seat body with multiple movable channels formed inside, and the follower seat includes a follower rod that is rotatably connected from one end and slides through each movable channel accordingly; an external connection portion is installed on the other end of each follower rod, wherein the blades are respectively installed on the seat body and the external connection portion, and the sliding of the seat body opens or closes the multiple follower rods to achieve the expansion or closing of multiple blades. The principle of opening and closing similar to that of an umbrella is adopted, which not only ensures the synchronization and stability of the movement, but also the operating force can be controlled at any time to avoid accidental injuries.

[0011] Preferably, sliding guide rods or guide wheels are formed on opposite sides of each movable channel, and each follower rod slides and fits on the sliding guide rods or guide wheels from both sides respectively; based on the sliding guide, the relative movement of the movable seat and the follower seat is more convenient to implement.

[0012] Furthermore, the movable channel of the seat body is composed of two clips, and each movable channel is also provided with a locking bolt for locking the clip and the follower rod relative to each other. Although, as long as the positions of the movable seat and the follower seat are relatively fixed, the blade will not shift, but in order to ensure the stability of the adjustment, the locking bolt is further locked to form a double positioning to avoid misoperation during diagnosis.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, the blades installed on the seat body are reference blades, which are kept in an arched downward position; the blades installed on each external part are adjustment blades, and each adjustment blade can be turned inward or outward to adjust the angle relative to the reference blade. In this way, under the premise of the required vaginal opening size, the adjustment blades are turned and adjusted to facilitate the doctor to diagnose in the best field of vision, and the effect brought is very significant (the blades in the prior art basically cannot continue to adjust the expansion position on the basis of expansion).

[0014] Specifically, an arc-shaped groove with its center located in the expansion area formed by the multiple blades is formed at the end of each follower rod, and each external connection portion can be slidably adjusted between the upper and lower ends of the arc-shaped groove to change the corresponding adjustment blade to flip inward or outward. In short, based on the arc-shaped groove arranged up and down, the angle flipping adjustment of the adjustment blade is implemented during the up and down movement, which is also non-obvious.

[0015] Furthermore, each external connection part includes a connecting piece fixed to the exposed end of each blade, and a locking bolt member penetrating from the arc groove and capable of locking and adjusting the connecting piece and the follower rod relative to each other. The blade with the flipped angle is further positioned based on the locking bolt member, further reducing the misoperation rate during diagnosis and treatment.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, there are two active channels, two follower rods, and three blades, one of which is mounted on the seat body, and the other two are mounted on two external parts, wherein the blade mounted on the seat body is the reference blade, and the blade mounted on the external part is the adjustment blade, and the length of the reference blade is greater than the length of the adjustment blade. This design is completely based on the structure of the human body, and it is best to avoid the blade from causing damage to the vagina or hymen.

[0017] In addition, the power mechanism includes a nut seat installed on the rotating end of the follower seat, and a power screw that cooperates with the nut seat to form a transmission screw, wherein the driving end of the power screw is freely rotatably connected to the movable seat, and the nut seat is also provided with a locking nut for locking the nut seat and the power screw; an adjusting nut is also provided at the adjusting end of the power screw, and when the locking nut is unlocked, the power screw rotates, and the nut seat moves linearly relative to the power screw so that the movable seat and the follower seat move relative to each other to expand or retract synchronously. In short, the conventional screw nut matching method is adopted to realize the synchronous expansion or retraction of multiple blades, which is not only convenient to operate, but also relatively stable. Therefore, under double locking (the screw nut itself forms a first locking, and the locking nut forms a second locking), it is more ideal to position the blade in the adjustment position to facilitate the doctor's diagnosis.

[0018] Due to the application of the above-mentioned technology and equipment solutions, the present invention overcomes the limitations of traditional equipment through innovative design and has the following main advantages:

[0019] 1. Innovation in expansion and fixation functions: Traditional metal and plastic duckbill vaginal speculum is limited by the opening angle and insufficient fixation ability, and the vaginal retractor requires coordination of multiple operators, resulting in complex operation and limited field of view. The device provides all-round observation of the vagina and cervical vaginal area through adjustable blade expansion and self-rotation functions. After adjustment, the device can be firmly maintained at the desired angle and position, effectively preventing slippage or falling off during surgery.

[0020] 2. Efficient independent operation: Applicable to a variety of transvaginal surgeries, the device can accurately expose the surgical field, allowing a single operator to efficiently perform the operation, significantly reducing dependence on collaborators. Especially when dealing with postpartum hemorrhage, the device is suitable for the treatment and suturing of soft birth canal lacerations. The device quickly locates the bleeding point, ensures sufficient field of view and accelerates hemostasis and suturing.

[0021] 3. Wide range of surgical applicability: The device is not only suitable for postpartum hemorrhage-related operations, but also helps other vaginal surgeries, such as vaginal hysterectomy, cervical examination and treatment, and female genital prolapse repair surgery. In these applications, the device demonstrates excellent applicability and ease of operation.

[0022] In summary, through innovative design, the multi-leaf synchronous expansion vaginal speculum effectively improves the simplicity of clinical operation and patient comfort, and enhances the overall medical effect and safety. It shows unique advantages in a wide range of application fields and fully meets the patent application standards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum of this embodiment (when closed);

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main view;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A right side schematic diagram of

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of top view;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum of this embodiment (when expanded);

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the main view;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A right side schematic diagram of

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of top view;

[0031] Wherein: 1, device seat; 10, movable seat; 100, seat body; t, movable channel; g, sliding guide rod; 11, follower seat; 110, follower rod; h, arc groove; 111, external connection part; a, connecting piece; b, locking bolt; s, locking bolt;

[0032] 2. blade; 20. blade body; 21. intervention end;

[0033] 3. Power mechanism; 30. Nut seat; 31. Power screw; 32. Locking nut; 33. Adjusting nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple pieces" means at least two pieces, such as two pieces, three pieces, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature "above" or "below" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another piece of element, it may be directly on the other piece of element or there may be a central element. When a piece of element is considered to be "connected" to another piece of element, it may be directly connected to the other piece of element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum of this embodiment includes a base 1, blades 2, and a power mechanism 3.

[0040] Specifically, the device seat 1 includes a movable seat 10 and a follower seat 11 that can be adjusted relative to each other, wherein the movable seat 10 includes a seat body 100 with two movable channels t formed inside, and the follower seat 11 includes two follower rods 110 that are rotatably connected from one end and slide through each movable channel t accordingly; and an external connection part 111 installed on the other end of each follower rod 110.

[0041] In this example, there are three blades 2 (three in this example, of course, it can be four, five or more), wherein the blades 2 are respectively mounted on the seat body 100 and the external part 111. In some specific embodiments, one blade 2 is mounted on the seat body 100 and abuts against the bottom of the vaginal wall, and the remaining blades 2 are mounted on the external part 111 and abut against the side of the vaginal wall; and the two follower rods 110 are expanded or retracted by the sliding of the seat body 100 to achieve the expansion or retraction of multiple blades 2. In short, one of the three blades 2 is mounted on the seat body 100, and the other two are respectively mounted on two external parts 111, wherein the blade mounted on the seat body is the reference blade, and the blade mounted on the external part is the adjustment blade, and the length of the reference blade is greater than the length of the adjustment blade. This design is completely based on the structure of the human body, and it is the best way to avoid the blades from causing damage to the vagina or hymen. At the same time, the principle of opening and closing similar to that of an umbrella is adopted, which not only ensures the synchronization and stability of the movement, but also allows the operating force to be controlled at any time to avoid accidental injuries. Each blade 2 includes a sheet body 20 that arches outward from both sides, and an arched intervention end 21 that is arranged at the insertion end of the sheet body 20, wherein the sheet body 20 is attached to the vaginal wall from the outward arched surface, and the end of the intervention end 21 is rounded and the arched outer arched surface is attached to the vaginal wall. This avoids contact discomfort or damage to the vaginal wall; at the same time, the provision of the intervention end not only facilitates the formation of a guide for insertion into the vagina, but also avoids puncturing the vaginal wall.

[0042] Furthermore, sliding guide rods g are formed on opposite sides of each movable channel t, and each follower rod 110 slides and fits on the sliding guide rods g from both sides; based on the sliding guide, the relative movement of the movable seat and the follower seat is more convenient. At the same time, the movable channel of the seat body 100 is composed of two clips, and each movable channel t is also provided with a locking bolt member s for relatively locking the clip and the follower rod 110. Although, as long as the positions of the movable seat and the follower seat are relatively fixed, the blade will not shift, but in order to ensure the stability of the adjustment, the locking bolt member is further locked to form a double positioning to avoid misoperation during diagnosis.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, some blades 2 can also be turned around their own axis in the up-down and / or left-right directions to adjust the angle and position, wherein the blade 2 installed on the seat body 100 is a reference blade, which is kept arched downward; the blade 2 installed on each external connection part 111 is an adjustment blade, and each adjustment blade can be turned inward or outward relative to the reference blade to adjust the angle. In this way, under the premise of the required vaginal opening size, the adjustment blade is turned and adjusted to facilitate the doctor to diagnose in the best field of vision, and the effect brought is very significant (the blades in the prior art are basically unable to continue to adjust the expansion position on the basis of expansion). Specifically, an arc groove h is formed at the end of each follower rod 110, and the center of the circle is located in the expansion area formed by multiple blades. Each external connection part 111 can be slidably adjusted between the upper and lower ends of the arc groove h to change the corresponding adjustment blade to turn inward or outward. In short, based on the arc groove arranged up and down, the angle turning adjustment of the adjustment blade is implemented during the up and down movement, which is also non-obvious. Furthermore, each external connection part 111 includes a connecting piece a fixed to the exposed end of each blade 2, and a locking bolt member b penetrating from the arc groove h and capable of relatively locking and adjusting the connecting piece a and the follower rod 110. The blade with the flipped angle is further positioned based on the locking bolt member, further reducing the misoperation rate during diagnosis and treatment.

[0044] The power mechanism 3 is used to drive the movable seat 10 to move relative to the follower seat 11 to synchronously expand the three blades 2 outward or retract them inward to adjust the size of the vaginal opening, and the power mechanism 3 can also lock the movable seat 10 and the follower seat 11 at the current adjustment position. In the following specific embodiment, the power mechanism 3 includes a nut seat 30 installed on the rotating end of the follower seat 11, and a power screw 31 that cooperates with the nut seat 30 to form a transmission screw, wherein the driving end of the power screw 31 is freely rotatably connected to the movable seat 10, and the nut seat 30 is also provided with a locking nut 32 for locking the nut seat 30 and the power screw 31; an adjusting nut 33 is also provided at the adjustment end of the power screw 31, and when the locking nut 32 is unlocked, the power screw 32 rotates, and the nut seat 30 moves linearly relative to the power screw 31 so that the movable seat 10 and the follower seat 11 move relative to each other to expand or retract synchronously. In short, the conventional screw nut combination is used to achieve the synchronous expansion or contraction of multiple blades, which is not only convenient to operate but also relatively stable. Therefore, under double locking (the screw nut itself forms one lock and the locking nut forms the second lock), the blades can be more ideally positioned in the adjustment position to facilitate the doctor's diagnosis.

[0045] In summary, after adopting the multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction vaginal speculum, based on the multiple blades and the seat respectively contacting the vaginal side wall and the vaginal perineal vestibule, the vagina and cervical vaginal part are exposed through the expansion of the blades, so as to effectively expand and clarify the field of view of the vagina and cervix. At the same time, the power mechanism can also lock the movable seat and the follower seat in the current adjustment position. Therefore, the first aspect of the present invention not only provides all-round observation of the vagina and cervical vaginal part through the adjustable blade expansion and self-rotation function, so as to solve the problem of limited field of view at a small opening angle or discomfort of the patient's vaginal opening caused by the transition of opening, and is convenient for observing the whole picture of the cervix and vagina, but also is suitable for women of different ages, especially greatly reducing the tear rate of the hymen of young girls and patients without sexual life; the second aspect is based on the ability to lock in the current adjustment position, so that the doctor can free his hands and perform routine gynecological examinations without the need for assistants (especially the cause of postpartum hemorrhage is checked as soft birth canal lacerations, rapid positioning and suturing, etc.). It not only eliminates the psychological barriers of patients, but also facilitates the diagnosis and treatment operations of doctors, and greatly reduces the rate of misoperation during diagnosis by doctors; on the third aspect, the outward arched surface of the sheet body fits the vaginal wall, the end of the intervention end is rounded, and the arched outer arched surface fits the vaginal wall. The setting of this intervention end is not only convenient for inserting into the vagina to form a guide, but also avoids puncturing the vaginal wall; on the fourth aspect, it adopts a principle similar to that of opening and closing an umbrella, which not only ensures the synchronization and stability of the movement, but also the operating force can be controlled at any time to avoid accidental injuries; on the fifth aspect, based on the sliding guide, it is more convenient to implement the relative movement of the movable seat and the follower seat, and at the same time As long as the positions of the movable seat and the follower seat are relatively fixed, the blades will not shift. However, in order to ensure the stability of the adjustment, the locking bolt is further locked to form a double positioning to avoid misoperation during diagnosis. The sixth aspect is to adjust the blades by flipping them under the premise of the required size of the vaginal opening, so that the doctor can diagnose in the best field of vision, and the effect is very significant (the blades in the prior art are basically unable to continue to adjust the expansion position on the basis of expansion). The seventh aspect is based on the arc grooves arranged up and down, and the angle of the blades is flipped and adjusted during the up and down movement, which is also effective. Non-obvious; the eighth aspect is based on the locking bolt to further position the angle-flipped blades, further reducing the misoperation rate during diagnosis and treatment; the ninth aspect is that the length of the reference blade is greater than the length of the adjustment blade. This design is completely based on the human body structure, and it best avoids the blades from causing damage to the vaginal wall or hymen; the tenth aspect adopts the conventional screw nut matching method to achieve synchronous expansion or retraction of multiple blades, which is not only easy to operate but also relatively stable. Therefore, under double locking (the screw nut itself forms a first lock, and the locking nut forms a second lock), it is more ideal to position the blade in the adjustment position to facilitate the doctor's diagnosis.

[0046] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction vaginal speculum, comprising a base, blades, and a power mechanism, characterized in that: The base includes a movable base and a follower base that can be adjusted relative to each other. There are at least three blades, one of which is mounted on the movable base and abuts against the lower end of the perineal vestibule outside the vagina, and the remaining blades are mounted on the follower base and abut against the side and / or top of the vaginal wall, and some of the blades can also be flipped around their own axes in the up and down and / or left and right directions for angle and position adjustment; the power mechanism is used to drive the movable base to move relative to the follower base to synchronously expand the multiple blades outward or retract them inward, and the power mechanism can also lock the movable base and the follower base at the current adjustment position.

2. The multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the blades comprises a sheet body that arches outwards from two sides, wherein the sheet body is in contact with the vaginal wall from the outwardly arched surface.

3. The multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each blade further comprises an arched intervention end arranged at the insertion end of the blade body, wherein the end of the intervention end is rounded and the outer arched surface of the arch fits the vaginal wall.

4. The multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable seat includes a seat body with multiple movable channels formed inside, and the follower seat includes a follower rod that is rotatably connected from one end and slides through each of the movable channels accordingly; an external connection part is installed on the other end of each of the follower rods, wherein the blades are respectively installed on the seat body and the external connection part, and the sliding of the seat body expands or contracts the multiple follower rods to achieve the expansion or contraction of multiple blades.

5. The multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum according to claim 4, characterized in that: Sliding guide rods or guide wheels are formed on the opposite sides of each movable channel, and each follower rod slides and fits on the sliding guide rods or guide wheels from both sides; and / or, the movable channel of the seat body is composed of two clips, and each movable channel is also provided with a locking bolt member for locking the clip and the follower rod relative to each other.

6. The multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blade installed on the seat body is a reference blade, which is kept in an arched shape and is arranged downward; the blade installed on each of the external connecting parts is an adjustment blade, and each of the adjustment blades can be turned inward or outward to adjust the angle relative to the reference blade.

7. The multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum according to claim 6, characterized in that: An arcuate groove is formed at the end of each follower rod, the center of which is located in the expansion area formed by the plurality of blades. Each external connection portion can be slidably adjusted between the upper and lower ends of the arcuate groove to change the corresponding adjustment blade to flip inward or outward.

8. The multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the external connection parts comprises a connecting piece fixed to the exposed end of each of the blades, and a locking bolt member penetrating through the arc groove and capable of locking and adjusting the connecting piece and the follower rod relative to each other.

9. The multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two movable channels, two follower rods, and three blades, one of which is installed on the seat body, and the other two are installed on two external parts respectively. The blade installed on the seat body is the reference blade, and the blade installed on the external part is the adjustment blade, and the length of the reference blade is greater than the length of the adjustment blade.

10. The multi-leaf synchronous expansion and contraction type vaginal speculum according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that: The power mechanism includes a nut seat installed on the rotating end of the follower seat, and a power screw rod cooperating with the nut seat to form a transmission screw, wherein the driving end of the power screw rod is freely rotatably connected to the movable seat, and the nut seat is also provided with a locking nut for locking the nut seat and the power screw rod; an adjusting nut is also provided at the adjusting end of the power screw rod, and when the locking nut is unlocked, the power screw rod rotates, and the nut seat moves linearly relative to the power screw rod so that the movable seat and the follower seat move relative to each other and expand or contract synchronously.

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