Loudspeaker

Abstract

The invention discloses a loudspeaker, which is characterized in that a sound outlet is arranged on a packaging shell in the loudspeaker, and a cavity is formed in the packaging shell. The piezoelectric loudspeaker unit, the moving coil loudspeaker unit and the plurality of airflow channels are all located in the cavity, one end of each airflow channel is arranged corresponding to the piezoelectric switch, and the other end of each airflow channel is communicated with the moving coil loudspeaker unit and the piezoelectric loudspeaker unit. And the control unit is electrically connected with the plurality of piezoelectric switches and is used for sending a control signal to the piezoelectric switches according to the working frequency of the loudspeaker so as to control communication information of the airflow channel and the sound outlet through the piezoelectric switches. Thus, the piezoelectric loudspeaker unit and the moving coil loudspeaker unit are both arranged in the cavity, seamless frequency band coverage of the loudspeaker can be achieved, and the piezoelectric switch is used for controlling conduction of the airflow channel, so that interference between the piezoelectric loudspeaker unit and the moving coil loudspeaker unit can be effectively reduced; and the frequency response advantage of the piezoelectric loudspeaker unit and the frequency response advantage of the moving coil loudspeaker unit can be better exerted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of sound-generating devices, and in particular to a loudspeaker. Background Art

[0002] A speaker is a transducer device that converts electrical signals into sound signals. It is now widely used in electronic products such as mobile phones, computers, and headphones. Most existing speakers are dynamic speakers, and their sound-generating principle is mainly to generate vibrations through electromagnetic induction, which drives the diaphragm to produce sound. Its advantages are good low-frequency expression and multi-level listening experience, but due to the limitations of the diaphragm material and its structure, dynamic speakers have obvious deficiencies in fineness and clarity in high-frequency performance.

[0003] Piezoelectric speakers are speakers that work by using the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials. The sound-generating principle is mainly to use the deformation of piezoelectric materials under the action of electric fields. The piezoelectric element is placed in the electric field formed by the audio current signal to cause displacement, thereby generating an inverse voltage effect, and finally driving the diaphragm to make sounds. Compared with traditional dynamic speakers, piezoelectric speakers have complete advantages in mid- and high-frequency, and their sound frequency range can extend from 5000Hz to 20000Hz, but the low-frequency response is poor, and the low-frequency performance is not full. Therefore, whether the speaker is a dynamic speaker or a piezoelectric speaker, it cannot take into account both the good performance of mid- and high-frequency and low-frequency performance at the same time, which affects the overall performance of the speaker. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a speaker, which can achieve seamless frequency band coverage of the speaker by arranging both a piezoelectric speaker unit and a dynamic speaker unit in a cavity, and controlling the conduction of an air flow channel by a piezoelectric switch can not only effectively reduce interference between the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit, but also better bring into play the frequency response advantages of the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a speaker, comprising a piezoelectric speaker unit, a dynamic speaker unit, a plurality of air flow channels, a packaging housing, a plurality of piezoelectric switches and a control unit;

[0006] The packaging shell is provided with a sound outlet, and a cavity is formed in the packaging shell;

[0007] The piezoelectric speaker unit, the dynamic speaker unit and the plurality of air flow channels are all located in the chamber, and one end of the air flow channel is arranged corresponding to the piezoelectric switch, and the other end of the air flow channel is respectively connected to the dynamic speaker unit and the piezoelectric speaker unit;

[0008] The control unit is electrically connected to the plurality of piezoelectric switches, and is used to send control signals to the piezoelectric switches according to the operating frequency of the speaker, so as to control the connection information between the air flow channel and the sound outlet through the piezoelectric switches.

[0009] Optionally, the operating frequency includes a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency, and a frequency band of the first operating frequency is smaller than a frequency band of the second operating frequency;

[0010] The control unit is used to send a first control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to a first operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch is opened according to the first control signal to control the air flow channel and the sound outlet to be in a connected state;

[0011] Alternatively, the control unit is used to send a second control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to a second operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch is closed according to the second control signal to control the air flow channel and the sound outlet to be in a disconnected state.

[0012] Optionally, the operating frequency includes a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency, and a frequency band of the first operating frequency is smaller than a frequency band of the second operating frequency;

[0013] The control unit is used to send a third control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to the first operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch opens a first preset opening according to the third control signal to reduce the air pressure of the air flow channel to the first preset air pressure;

[0014] Alternatively, the control unit is used to send a fourth control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to the second operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch opens a second preset opening according to the fourth control signal to reduce the air pressure in the air flow channel to a second preset air pressure, wherein the first preset opening information is less than the second preset switch information, and the first preset air pressure is greater than the second preset air pressure.

[0015] Optionally, the piezoelectric speaker unit is located on a side of the dynamic speaker unit close to the sound outlet, and the sound outlet direction of the sound waves in the piezoelectric speaker unit and the sound outlet direction of the sound waves in the dynamic speaker unit are both toward the sound outlet.

[0016] Optionally, the packaging shell includes a first frame and a second frame, a first cavity is formed in the first frame, and a second cavity is formed in the second frame;

[0017] The piezoelectric speaker unit is arranged in the first cavity, and the dynamic speaker unit is arranged in the second cavity;

[0018] The top plate of the second frame is provided with a first sound outlet hole and a second sound outlet hole;

[0019] The first sound outlet hole corresponds to and is in communication with the air flow channel;

[0020] The second sound outlet hole corresponds to and is in communication with the piezoelectric speaker unit.

[0021] Optionally, the piezoelectric speaker unit includes a driving substrate, a piezoelectric substrate, a piezoelectric diaphragm and a slit;

[0022] The driving substrate is arranged on the second frame, and the piezoelectric substrate is arranged between the driving substrate and the piezoelectric diaphragm;

[0023] The driving substrate forms a piezoelectric speaker back cavity through the piezoelectric substrate and the piezoelectric diaphragm, and along a first direction, the first sound outlet hole and the second sound outlet hole both penetrate the top plate of the first frame and the driving substrate, the air flow channel penetrates the piezoelectric substrate, and the slit penetrates the piezoelectric diaphragm;

[0024] Along the first direction, the slit at least partially overlaps with the piezoelectric speaker back cavity, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the piezoelectric speaker unit points toward the dynamic speaker unit.

[0025] Optionally, the piezoelectric diaphragm is further provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates the piezoelectric diaphragm along the first direction;

[0026] The piezoelectric switch is disposed in the through hole, and along the first direction, the through hole overlaps with the air flow channel.

[0027] Optionally, the dynamic speaker unit includes a magnetic cover, a magnet, a plurality of support columns, a coil and a diaphragm;

[0028] The magnetic cover is arranged on the bottom plate of the second frame, the support column and the magnet are both arranged on the magnetic cover, and a plurality of the support columns surround the magnet, the diaphragm is arranged on the top of the support column, the diaphragm is surrounded by the support column and the magnetic cover to form a dynamic speaker sound cavity, and the magnet is located in the dynamic speaker sound cavity;

[0029] The coil is arranged on the side wall of the support column facing the sound cavity of the speaker.

[0030] Optionally, the piezoelectric switch includes a fixed end and a movable end;

[0031] The piezoelectric switch controls the movable end to bend according to the control signal to control the airflow channel and the sound outlet to be in a connected state, or controls the movable end to be flattened to control the airflow channel and the sound outlet to be in a disconnected state.

[0032] Optionally, the active end includes a first active end and a second active end;

[0033] The first movable ends and the second movable ends are arranged alternately;

[0034] The piezoelectric switch controls the first movable end and the second movable end to warp in different directions according to the control signal to control the air flow channel and the sound outlet to be connected, or controls the first movable end and the second movable end to flatten to control the air flow channel and the sound outlet to be disconnected.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present invention, a sound outlet is provided on the package shell, and a chamber is formed in the package shell. The piezoelectric speaker unit, the dynamic speaker unit and a plurality of airflow channels are all located in the chamber, and one end of the airflow channel is correspondingly arranged with the piezoelectric switch, and the other end of the airflow channel is respectively connected with the dynamic speaker unit and the piezoelectric speaker unit. The control unit is electrically connected with the plurality of piezoelectric switches, and is used to send a control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to the working frequency of the speaker, so as to control the connection information of the airflow channel and the sound outlet through the piezoelectric switch. In this way, the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit are both arranged in the chamber to achieve seamless frequency band coverage of the speaker, thereby ensuring the integrity of the sound quality and the naturalness of the timbre, and controlling the conduction of the airflow channel by the piezoelectric switch can not only effectively reduce the interference between the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit, but also better exert the frequency response advantages of the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit. In addition, the speaker is simple and reasonable, flexible in processing, and easy to implement, which can greatly improve the comprehensive performance and space expansion performance of the product and promote product development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a speaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a piezoelectric switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another piezoelectric switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of the structure of a speaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The speaker includes a piezoelectric speaker unit 10, a dynamic speaker unit 20, a plurality of air flow channels 30, a package shell 40, a plurality of piezoelectric switches 50 and a control unit (not shown in the figure). The package shell 40 is provided with a sound outlet 410, and a cavity 420 is formed in the package shell 40. The piezoelectric speaker unit 10, the dynamic speaker unit 20 and the plurality of air flow channels 30 are all located in the cavity 420, and one end of the air flow channel 30 is correspondingly arranged with the piezoelectric switch 50, and the other end of the air flow channel 30 is respectively connected with the dynamic speaker unit 20 and the piezoelectric speaker unit 10. The control unit is electrically connected with the plurality of piezoelectric switches 50, and is used to send a control signal to the piezoelectric switch 50 according to the working frequency of the speaker, so as to control the connection information between the air flow channel 30 and the sound outlet 410 through the piezoelectric switch 50.

[0041] For details, see Figure 1 The package shell 40 is a sealed structure as a whole, and only includes one opening as a sound outlet 410. The sound outlet 410 is used to pass the sound waves emitted by the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 or the dynamic speaker unit 20 to make the speaker make a sound. A chamber 420 is formed in the package shell 40, and the piezoelectric speaker unit 10, the dynamic speaker unit 20 and the plurality of air flow channels 30 are all located in the chamber 420. It should be noted that the chamber 420 can be divided into different chambers, such as a first chamber 421 and a second chamber 422. The piezoelectric speaker unit 10 can be located in the first chamber 421, and the dynamic speaker unit 20 can be located in the second chamber 422. The first chamber 421 is connected to the sound outlet 410, and the second chamber 422 can be connected to the first chamber 421 through the air flow channel 30. In this way, the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 and the dynamic speaker unit 20 are located in the same chamber 420 and in relatively independent acoustic areas (a first chamber 421 and a second chamber 422). The efficient output of the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 in the high frequency range and the deep response of the dynamic speaker unit 20 in the low frequency range are utilized to achieve comprehensive coverage from low frequency to high frequency, thereby ensuring the integrity of the sound quality.

[0042] In addition, although the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 is located in the first chamber 421 and the dynamic speaker unit 20 is located in the second chamber 422, the acoustic cavity of the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 can be connected to the second chamber 422, that is, the sound waves emitted by the dynamic speaker unit 20 can be transmitted to the sound outlet 410 through the piezoelectric speaker unit 10, and the air flow channel 30 is connected to the first chamber 410 and the second chamber 420, and then one end of the air flow channel 30 is connected to the sound outlet 410 (that is, the first chamber 410) through the piezoelectric switch 50, and the other end is respectively connected to the dynamic speaker unit 20 and the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 (the second chamber 420). In this way, the control unit can send a control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to the operating frequency of the speaker, and the piezoelectric switch 50 is fully opened, closed or partially opened under the corresponding control signal, that is, the control unit can control the switch state or opening information of the piezoelectric switch 50 according to the operating frequency of the speaker, so as to control the connection information of the air flow channel 30 and the sound outlet 410 through the switch information or opening information of the piezoelectric switch 50. Exemplarily, when the piezoelectric switch 50 is in the on state, the second chamber 422 is connected to the first chamber 421 through the airflow channel 30, and the area of ​​the sound outlet can be increased. When the piezoelectric switch 50 is in the off state, the second chamber 422 is disconnected from the first chamber 421, and the interference between different sound units can be reduced. In addition, the air pressure of the second chamber 422 can be adjusted by controlling the opening information of the piezoelectric switch 50, so as to optimize the acoustic environment and enhance the response effect of the speaker in different frequency bands.

[0043] It should be noted that the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 may be a MEMS piezoelectric speaker, and the control unit may be a frequency divider, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may configure the configuration as required.

[0044] In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, a sound outlet is provided on the package shell, and a chamber is formed in the package shell. The piezoelectric speaker unit, the dynamic speaker unit and a plurality of airflow channels are all located in the chamber, and one end of the airflow channel is correspondingly arranged with the piezoelectric switch, and the other end of the airflow channel is respectively connected with the dynamic speaker unit and the piezoelectric speaker unit. The control unit is electrically connected to the plurality of piezoelectric switches, and is used to send a control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to the working frequency of the speaker, so as to control the connection information of the airflow channel and the sound outlet through the piezoelectric switch. In this way, the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit are both arranged in the chamber, which can realize the seamless frequency band coverage of the speaker, thereby ensuring the integrity of the sound quality, and controlling the on and off of the airflow channel by the piezoelectric switch can not only effectively reduce the interference between the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit, but also better play the frequency response advantages of the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit. In addition, the structure of the speaker is simple and reasonable, the processing is flexible and easy to implement, which can greatly improve the comprehensive performance and space expansion performance of the product and promote product development.

[0045] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1 The piezoelectric speaker unit 10 is located on a side of the dynamic speaker unit 20 close to the sound outlet 410 , and the sound outlet directions of the sound waves in the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 and the dynamic speaker unit 20 are both toward the sound outlet 410 .

[0046] Specifically, Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 is located at the top near the sound outlet 410 in the chamber 420, and the dynamic speaker unit 20 is located at the bottom away from the sound outlet 420. In other words, the first chamber 421 is located above the second chamber 422. In addition, the sound outlet direction of the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 and the sound outlet direction of the dynamic speaker unit 20 are both toward the sound outlet 410. In this way, on the one hand, when the piezoelectric switch 50 is in the on state and the dynamic speaker unit 20 is working, the sound waves emitted by the dynamic speaker unit 20 can be transmitted to the sound outlet 420 through the piezoelectric speaker unit 10, and can also be transmitted to the sound outlet 420 through the air flow channel 30. On the basis of ensuring the low-frequency response of the dynamic speaker unit 20, the sound outlet area of ​​the dynamic speaker unit 20 is increased, making the sound wave propagation more direct and powerful. On the other hand, since the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 is waterproof and dustproof, arranging the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 at the position of the sound outlet 410 can enable the speaker to adapt to more environments.

[0047] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1The packaging shell 40 includes a first frame 401 and a second frame 402. A first cavity 421 is formed in the first frame 401, and a second cavity 422 is formed in the second frame 402. The piezoelectric speaker unit 10 is disposed in the first cavity 421, and the dynamic speaker unit 20 is disposed in the second cavity 422. A first sound outlet hole S1 and a second sound outlet hole S2 are disposed on the top plate of the second frame 402. The first sound outlet hole S1 corresponds to and is connected to the air flow channel 30, and the second sound outlet hole S2 corresponds to and is connected to the piezoelectric speaker unit 10. Specifically, as Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, two first sound outlet holes S1 and one second sound outlet hole S2 are provided on the top plate of the second frame 402. The two first sound outlet holes S1 correspond to and are connected with the two air flow channels 30, and the second sound outlet hole S2 corresponds to and is connected with the piezoelectric speaker unit 10. When the piezoelectric switch 50 is in the on state and the dynamic speaker unit 20 is working, the sound waves emitted by the dynamic speaker unit 20 can be transmitted to the sound outlet 420 through the second sound outlet holes S2 and the piezoelectric speaker unit 10, and can also be transmitted to the sound outlet 420 through the first sound outlet hole S1 and the air flow channel 30. On the basis of ensuring the low-frequency response of the dynamic speaker unit 20, the sound outlet area of ​​the dynamic speaker unit 20 is increased, making the sound wave propagation more direct and powerful.

[0048] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1 The piezoelectric speaker unit 10 includes a driving substrate 110, a piezoelectric substrate 120, a piezoelectric diaphragm 130 and a slit 140. The driving substrate 110 is disposed on the second frame 402, and the piezoelectric substrate 120 is disposed between the driving substrate 110 and the piezoelectric diaphragm 130. The driving substrate 110 forms a piezoelectric speaker back cavity 150 through the piezoelectric substrate 120 and the piezoelectric diaphragm 130. The slit 140 penetrates the piezoelectric diaphragm 130, and along a first direction X, the slit 140 and the piezoelectric speaker back cavity 150 at least partially overlap, wherein the first direction X is the direction from the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 to the dynamic speaker unit 20. In this way, the piezoelectric diaphragm 130 is provided with alternating current through the driving substrate 110 and the piezoelectric substrate 120, and the piezoelectric diaphragm 130 vibrates in the piezoelectric speaker back cavity 150 under the action of the alternating current, thereby pushing the air to emit sound waves through the slit 140. In addition, along the first direction X, the first sound hole S1 and the second sound hole S2 both penetrate the top plate of the second frame 402 and the driving substrate 110, and the air flow channel 30 penetrates the piezoelectric substrate 120, thereby ensuring that the first sound hole S1 can connect to the second chamber 422 and the air flow channel 30, and the second sound hole S2 can connect to the piezoelectric speaker back cavity 150 and the second chamber 422.

[0049] Optional, continue to see Figure 1, the operating frequency includes a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency, and the frequency band of the first operating frequency is smaller than the frequency band of the second operating frequency. That is, the first operating frequency of the speaker is when the speaker works in a low frequency band, and the second operating frequency of the speaker is when the speaker works in a high frequency band. Then the control unit is used to send a first control signal to the piezoelectric switch 50 according to the first operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch 50 is opened according to the first control signal, to control the air flow channel and the sound outlet to be in a connected state. Specifically, when the speaker works in a low frequency band, the dynamic speaker unit 20 needs to work, the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 stops working, and sends a first control signal to the piezoelectric switch 50 to turn on the piezoelectric switch 50. At this time, the first chamber 421 is connected to the second chamber 422 through the air flow channel 30, and then the sound waves generated by the dynamic speaker unit 20 can not only be transmitted to the sound outlet 410 through the second sound outlet S2, the piezoelectric speaker back cavity 150 and the slit 140, but also can be transmitted to the sound outlet 410 through the first sound outlet S1 and the air flow channel 30, thereby increasing the sound outlet area and making the sound wave propagation more direct and powerful.

[0050] Or when the speaker is working in the high frequency band, the control unit sends a second control signal to the piezoelectric switch 50 according to the second working frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch 50 is closed according to the second control signal, to control the airflow channel 30 and the sound outlet 410 to be in a disconnected state. Specifically, when the speaker is working in the high frequency band, the dynamic speaker unit 20 needs to stop working, the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 works, and sends a second control signal to the piezoelectric switch 50 to make the piezoelectric switch 50 in a closed state, that is, the second chamber 422 and the sound outlet 410 are in a disconnected state, to prevent the aftershock of the dynamic speaker unit 20 from propagating through the airflow channel 30 to the sound outlet 410 and interfering with the high frequency sound. In this way, by controlling the opening and closing of the piezoelectric switch 50, the interference between the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit can be effectively reduced.

[0051] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1, the operating frequency includes a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency, and the frequency band of the first operating frequency is smaller than the frequency band of the second operating frequency. That is, the first operating frequency of the speaker is when the speaker works in a low frequency band, and the second operating frequency of the speaker is when the speaker works in a high frequency band. Then, the control unit is used to send a third control signal to the piezoelectric switch 50 according to the first operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch 50 opens the first preset opening according to the third control signal to reduce the air pressure of the air flow channel 30 to the first preset air pressure. Among them, the first preset opening information is smaller than the second preset switch information, and the first preset air pressure is greater than the second preset air pressure. Specifically, when the speaker works in a low frequency band, the control unit sends a third control signal to the piezoelectric switch 50, and the piezoelectric switch 50 opens with a smaller opening and closes within a set time to adjust the air pressure of the second chamber 422 to a higher value, namely the first preset air pressure. Under the first preset air pressure, the low-frequency response effect of the dynamic speaker 20 can be enhanced, making the low frequency more vigorous and full.

[0052] Or when the speaker works in the high frequency band, the control unit sends a fourth control signal to the piezoelectric switch 50 according to the second working frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch 50 opens the second preset opening according to the fourth control signal to reduce the air pressure of the air flow channel 30 to the second preset air pressure. Specifically, when the speaker works in the high frequency band, the control unit sends the fourth control signal to the piezoelectric switch 50, and the piezoelectric switch 50 opens to a larger opening and closes within the set time to adjust the air pressure of the second chamber 422 to a lower value, that is, the second preset air pressure. Under the second preset air pressure, the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 can vibrate and sound more efficiently. In this way, by controlling the opening information of the piezoelectric switch 50, the frequency response advantages of the piezoelectric speaker unit 10 and the frequency response advantages of the dynamic speaker unit 20 can be better brought into play.

[0053] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1 The piezoelectric diaphragm 130 is also provided with a through hole S3, which penetrates the piezoelectric diaphragm 130 along the first direction X, and the piezoelectric switch 50 is arranged in the through hole S3, and the through hole S3 overlaps with the airflow channel 30 along the first direction X. Specifically, the piezoelectric switch 50 can be arranged in the through hole S3 of the piezoelectric diaphragm 130, and the through hole S3 overlaps with the airflow channel 30, thereby ensuring that when the piezoelectric switch 50 is turned on, the airflow channel 30 can flow with the first chamber 421.

[0054] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1The dynamic speaker unit 20 includes a magnetic cover 210, a magnet 220, a plurality of support columns 230, a coil 240 and a diaphragm 250. The magnetic cover 210 is disposed on the bottom plate of the second frame 402, the support columns 230 and the magnet 220 are both disposed on the magnetic cover 210, and a plurality of support columns 230 surround the magnet 220, the diaphragm 250 is disposed on the top of the support columns 230, the diaphragm 250 is surrounded by the support columns 230 and the magnetic cover 210 to form a dynamic speaker sound cavity 260, the magnet 220 is located in the dynamic speaker sound cavity 260, and the coil 240 is disposed on the side wall of the support column 230 facing the speaker sound cavity 260. In this way, the coil 240 and the magnet 220 are both arranged in the sound cavity 260 of the dynamic speaker. The alternating current provided by the coil 240 generates an alternating force in the fixed magnetic field of the magnet 220, driving the diaphragm 250 to vibrate, thereby making a sound. Furthermore, through the efficient cooperation of the coil 240 and the magnet 220, accurate restoration and high fidelity of the sound can be achieved.

[0055] Optional, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a piezoelectric switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the piezoelectric switch 50 includes a fixed end 510 and a movable end 520. The fixed end 510 does not move and remains flat. When voltage is applied, the movable end 520 will bend upward or downward. When no voltage is applied, the movable end 510 will remain flat. Then, when voltage is applied, the fixed end 510 remains flat, the movable end 520 is warped, and a larger opening is formed between the fixed end 510 and the movable end 520, so that the piezoelectric switch 50 is in an open state. When no voltage is applied, the fixed end 510 remains flat, the movable end 520 is flat, and the gap between the fixed end 510 and the movable end 520 is very small, so that the piezoelectric switch 50 is in a closed state. That is, the piezoelectric switch 50 controls the movable end 520 to be warped according to the control signal to control the airflow channel 30 and the sound outlet 410 to be in a connected state, or controls the movable end 520 to be flat to control the airflow channel 30 and the sound outlet 410 to be in a disconnected state.

[0056] Optional, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another piezoelectric switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 3, the movable end 520 includes a first movable end 521 and a second movable end 522. The first movable end 521 and the second movable end 522 are alternately arranged. And the first movable end 521 and the second movable end 522 are both connected to the fixed end 510. The fixed end 510 does not move and remains flat. When a voltage is applied, the first movable end 521 will bend upward, and the second movable end 522 will bend downward. When no voltage is applied, the first movable end 521 and the second movable end 522 both remain flat. Then, when a voltage is applied, the fixed end 510 remains flat, the first movable end 521 will bend upward, and the second movable end 522 will bend downward. The first movable end 521 and the second movable end 522 are relatively open, so that the piezoelectric switch 50 is in the open state. When no voltage is applied, the fixed end 510 remains flat, the first movable end 521 and the second movable end 522 are flat, and the gap between the fixed end 510 and the movable end 520 is very small, so that the piezoelectric switch 50 is in the closed state. That is, the piezoelectric switch 50 controls the first active end 521 and the second active end 522 to bend in different directions according to the control signal to control the air flow channel 30 and the sound outlet 410 to be connected, or controls the first active end 521 and the second active end 522 to be flattened to control the air flow channel 30 and the sound outlet 410 to be disconnected.

[0057] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, characterized in that: The speaker comprises a piezoelectric speaker unit, a dynamic speaker unit, a plurality of air flow channels, a packaging shell, a plurality of piezoelectric switches and a control unit; The packaging shell is provided with a sound outlet, and a cavity is formed in the packaging shell; The piezoelectric speaker unit, the dynamic speaker unit and the plurality of air flow channels are all located in the chamber, and one end of the air flow channel is arranged corresponding to the piezoelectric switch, and the other end of the air flow channel is respectively connected to the dynamic speaker unit and the piezoelectric speaker unit; The control unit is electrically connected to the plurality of piezoelectric switches, and is used to send control signals to the piezoelectric switches according to the operating frequency of the speaker, so as to control the connection information between the air flow channel and the sound outlet through the piezoelectric switches.

2. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The operating frequency includes a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency, and a frequency band of the first operating frequency is smaller than a frequency band of the second operating frequency; The control unit is used to send a first control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to a first operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch is opened according to the first control signal to control the air flow channel and the sound outlet to be in a connected state; Alternatively, the control unit is used to send a second control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to a second operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch is closed according to the second control signal to control the air flow channel and the sound outlet to be in a disconnected state.

3. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The operating frequency includes a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency, and a frequency band of the first operating frequency is smaller than a frequency band of the second operating frequency; The control unit is used to send a third control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to the first operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch opens a first preset opening according to the third control signal to reduce the air pressure of the air flow channel to the first preset air pressure; Alternatively, the control unit is used to send a fourth control signal to the piezoelectric switch according to the second operating frequency of the speaker, so that the piezoelectric switch opens a second preset opening according to the fourth control signal to reduce the air pressure in the air flow channel to a second preset air pressure, wherein the first preset opening information is less than the second preset switch information, and the first preset air pressure is greater than the second preset air pressure.

4. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The piezoelectric speaker unit is located on a side of the dynamic speaker unit close to the sound outlet, and the sound outlet directions of the sound waves in the piezoelectric speaker unit and the dynamic speaker unit are both toward the sound outlet.

5. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The packaging shell includes a first frame and a second frame, a first cavity is formed in the first frame, and a second cavity is formed in the second frame; The piezoelectric speaker unit is arranged in the first cavity, and the dynamic speaker unit is arranged in the second cavity; The top plate of the second frame is provided with a first sound outlet hole and a second sound outlet hole; The first sound outlet hole corresponds to and is in communication with the air flow channel; The second sound outlet hole corresponds to and is in communication with the piezoelectric speaker unit.

6. The loudspeaker according to claim 5, characterized in that The piezoelectric speaker unit includes a driving substrate, a piezoelectric substrate, a piezoelectric diaphragm and a slit; The driving substrate is arranged on the second frame, and the piezoelectric substrate is arranged between the driving substrate and the piezoelectric diaphragm; The driving substrate forms a piezoelectric speaker back cavity through the piezoelectric substrate and the piezoelectric diaphragm, and along a first direction, the first sound outlet hole and the second sound outlet hole both penetrate the top plate of the first frame and the driving substrate, the air flow channel penetrates the piezoelectric substrate, and the slit penetrates the piezoelectric diaphragm; Along the first direction, the slit at least partially overlaps with the piezoelectric speaker back cavity, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the piezoelectric speaker unit points toward the dynamic speaker unit.

7. The loudspeaker according to claim 6, characterized in that The piezoelectric diaphragm is also provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates the piezoelectric diaphragm along the first direction; The piezoelectric switch is disposed in the through hole, and along the first direction, the through hole overlaps with the air flow channel.

8. The loudspeaker according to claim 5, characterized in that The dynamic speaker unit comprises a magnetic cover, a magnet, a plurality of support columns, a coil and a diaphragm; The magnetic cover is arranged on the bottom plate of the second frame, the support column and the magnet are both arranged on the magnetic cover, and a plurality of the support columns surround the magnet, the diaphragm is arranged on the top of the support column, the diaphragm is surrounded by the support column and the magnetic cover to form a dynamic speaker sound cavity, and the magnet is located in the dynamic speaker sound cavity; The coil is arranged on the side wall of the support column facing the sound cavity of the speaker.

9. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The piezoelectric switch includes a fixed end and a movable end; The piezoelectric switch controls the movable end to bend according to the control signal to control the airflow channel and the sound outlet to be in a connected state, or controls the movable end to be flattened to control the airflow channel and the sound outlet to be in a disconnected state.

10. The loudspeaker according to claim 9, characterized in that The active end includes a first active end and a second active end; The first movable ends and the second movable ends are arranged alternately; The piezoelectric switch controls the first movable end and the second movable end to warp in different directions according to the control signal to control the air flow channel and the sound outlet to be connected, or controls the first movable end and the second movable end to flatten to control the air flow channel and the sound outlet to be disconnected.

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