Pressure equalization device for a housing, housing having such a pressure equalization device, and method for producing such a

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure equalization device (1; 100, 100; 200), comprising: a hollow cylindrical bottom part (10; 210) which comprises, on a first axial end (12) on the radial outer side, a fastening region (14) for fastening to the housing and, on a second axial end (18), a connecting region (20); and an upper part (60) having a cylindrical wall (62) and a base (64), the upper part being connected to the base part (10; 210) is engaged with the connecting portion (20) on the second axial end (18) of the first axial end (18). The hollow cylindrical bottom part (10; 210) also has an annular projection (30) projecting radially inward, which projection defines a central opening (44) and, on the side facing the second axial end (18), has a first, preferably annular clamping structure (47), in particular a first annular groove (48), and a plurality of channels (38) arranged annularly between the central opening (44) and the first clamping structure (47). According to the invention, the upper part (60) comprises a second clamping structure (66) which protrudes axially from the base (64), in particular is annular and / or has a second groove (70), and preferably extends in an axial direction parallel to the cylindrical wall (62). A gas permeable membrane (50) covers the central opening (44), and an elastic sealing element (80; 180); 280) between the bottom part (10; 210) and the second clamping structure (66) of the upper part (60) are provided with a fixing region (82; 182, 182; 184) extending radially inward in the direction of the central opening (44) and having a sealing region (84; 184, 184; 284) and seals the plurality of channels (38). Thus, a ventilation and ventilation channel extends through the central opening (44) and the gas permeable membrane (50), and an emergency ventilation channel extends through the plurality of channels (38) and the resilient sealing element (80; 180); 280) in the housing.

Description

1. Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a pressure equalization device for a housing, such as a battery housing, a housing having the pressure equalization device, and a method for producing the pressure equalization device. 2. Background technology

[0002] Pressure equalization devices are used, for example, in power batteries for electric vehicles, where the pressure equalization devices must have different functions. On the one hand, due to temperature fluctuations during operation, continuous ventilation and aeration must be achieved. In addition, intermittent ventilation must be possible to avoid damage. This function plays an important role in particular when accidents occur. Finally, requirements for sealing, electrical isolation, protection against misoperation, etc. are usually also necessary standards. In general, the technician can know from the prior art various different embodiments of such pressure equalization devices for housings.

[0003] For example, EP 3 385 584 A1 describes a pressure equalization device for a housing, wherein the pressure equalization device comprises an inner side, an outer side and a mesh cage with a gas passage opening. The gas passage opening connects the inner side and the outer side in a flow-conducting manner as required and is limited in the direction of its flow capacity by an inner edge and an outer edge. In addition, the gas passage opening is covered by a gas-permeable membrane. The membrane is configured as a nonwoven composite component and comprises at least one nonwoven layer.

[0004] DE11 2019 005 328T5 explains another ventilation component. The component is connected to the shell at the vent. The ventilation component includes a gas permeable membrane, a ventilation valve and a structural member. The structural member has an internal space and a first ventilation channel and / or a second ventilation channel. The internal space is a space that accommodates the gas permeable membrane and / or the ventilation valve. The first ventilation channel enables the internal space to be connected to the external space of the ventilation component. The first ventilation channel includes a first inner port and a first outer port, and the first inner port faces the first outer port. The first inner port and the first outer port are located on a plane parallel to the outer surface of the shell. The second ventilation channel has a second inner port and a second outer port, and the second inner port does not face the second outer port.

[0005] Another pressure equalization device is described in DE 10 2017 214 754A1. In order to provide a device for balancing the internal pressure of a housing, in particular a battery housing for a vehicle, with the ambient pressure of the housing, the device integrates the pressure equalization function during normal operation and the emergency exhaust function in one component, and the device includes a pressure equalization element. The pressure equalization element includes at least one element body and a membrane arranged on the element body. The device includes a connecting element for airtightly connecting the pressure equalization element to the housing. The element body is elastic, and when the internal pressure is less than the limiting pressure, the element body is attached to the connecting element in an airtight manner, and when the internal pressure is greater than the limiting pressure, the element body forms an opening between the element body and the connecting element for gas exchange.

[0006] US2021 / 0367283A1 discusses a pressure balancing device having a mounting seat and a cover, wherein a accommodating chamber is formed between the mounting seat and the cover. The pressure balancing device may also have a partition element, wherein the partition element divides the accommodating chamber into a first and a second accommodating chamber. The partition element may also include a support portion and an elastic portion, wherein the support portion is disposed on the elastic portion and has a vent capable of connecting the two accommodating chambers together. The elastic portion is elastically deformable so that the support portion moves relative to the cover. The pressure balancing device may also have a breathable membrane disposed on the support portion and covering the vent, and is movable when the support portion moves.

[0007] WO 2018 / 183804A1 finally describes a vent assembly, which has a housing defining a cavity, a first end, a second end, and a coupling structure toward the second end. A mounting surface is located in the cavity and between the first end and the second end, and defines a valve opening and a vent. The vent is coupled to the mounting surface via the vent. In addition, an umbrella valve is sealingly disposed on the mounting surface via the valve opening.

[0008] The disadvantages of these existing arrangements are the number of independent components and the way the emergency ventilator is fixed. Based on the structure of the existing pressure equalization device, the independent components often need to be calibrated in position during the assembly process, which makes the automated manufacturing process of the pressure equalization device difficult.

[0009] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an alternative assembly for a pressure equalization device, which assembly is optimized in particular with regard to production and assembly, respectively. Likewise, the object of the present invention is to provide a corresponding production or assembly method for a pressure equalization device. 3. Summary of the invention

[0010] The above-mentioned problem is solved by a pressure equalization device for a housing according to independent claim 1, a housing with a pressure equalization device according to independent claim 13 and a method for producing a pressure equalization device according to independent claim 14. Advantageous embodiments and further developments can be gathered from the following description, the drawings and the appended claims.

[0011] A pressure equalizing device for a housing of the present invention comprises: a hollow cylindrical bottom component, the bottom component comprises a fastening portion for fixing to the housing on a first axial end on a radially outer side, and comprises a connecting portion on a second axial end; an upper component, having a cylindrical wall and a bottom end, and engaging with the connecting portion on the second axial end of the bottom component, wherein the hollow cylindrical bottom component has a circumferential protrusion protruding radially inward and defining a central opening, and has a first (preferably annular) clamping structure, in particular a first annular groove, on a side facing the second axial end, and a plurality of annularly arranged clamping structures between the central opening and the first clamping structure. The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a plurality of vent holes, and the upper part comprises a second clamping structure axially protruding from the bottom end, wherein the second clamping structure is particularly arranged in an annular manner and / or comprises a second groove, preferably extending in an axial direction parallel to the cylindrical wall, wherein the gas permeable membrane covers the central opening, and the elastic sealing element is provided with a fixing portion between the first clamping structure of the bottom part and the second clamping structure of the upper part, and extends radially inwardly along the direction of the central opening together with the sealing portion, and seals the plurality of vent holes, so as to extend a ventilation and air passage through the central opening and the gas permeable membrane, and extend an emergency air passage through the plurality of vent holes and the elastic sealing element.

[0012] The following will first introduce the assembly of the pressure equalization device of the present invention, and then introduce its application in a housing, especially a battery housing (such as a composite power battery housing of an electric vehicle).

[0013] The pressure equalization device comprises four elements, namely a bottom part, an upper part or cover, a gas permeable membrane arranged over the ventilation and venting channel, and an elastic sealing element which opens an emergency venting channel when necessary.

[0014] The bottom part is a hollow cylindrical structure. According to the existing method, the bottom part includes a fastening portion for fixing to the housing at the first axial end, especially to the opening of the housing. For example, an internal thread is provided at the opening of the housing. In this case, the fastening portion therefore includes an adapted external thread.

[0015] The hollow cylindrical bottom part is provided with a radially inwardly protruding protrusion on the inside. It serves to form a ventilation and venting channel and an emergency venting channel. Here, the conventional ventilation and venting channel extends through a central opening, which is defined by a circumferential protrusion protruding inwardly. The central opening is closed by a gas permeable membrane, so that gas (such as air) can flow through the gas permeable membrane, but preferably no contamination or moisture can enter the housing, and preferably no liquid can flow out of the housing.

[0016] In order to continue to provide an emergency ventilation channel, the circumferential protrusion protruding inwardly includes a plurality of ventilation holes arranged in an annular manner. Viewed from the top, the structure of the circumferential protrusion protruding inwardly is composed of a radially outer ring, a radially inner ring, and a plurality of connecting webs connected between the radially outer ring and the radially inner ring. The radially inner ring defines a central opening, and the radially outer ring is fixed to the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical bottom part. Therefore, the plurality of ventilation holes arranged in an annular manner are located between the connecting webs connecting the two rings.

[0017] The elastic sealing element is provided for sealing the emergency ventilation channel when the pressure equalization device is working properly. However, it does not cling to the central opening as in the prior art, but clings to the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical bottom part. To this end, the radially inwardly protruding circumferential protrusion comprises a first (preferably annular) clamping structure, in particular a first annular groove, located on the side facing the second axial end. Therefore, the first clamping structure is formed in or on the radial outer ring of the radially inwardly protruding protrusion.

[0018] Under the pressure equalizing device assembly state, the fixing of the elastic sealing element in the axial direction is realized by the connection of the upper part and the bottom part. Here, the basic shape of the connection is annular, for example, in the form of a circumferential closed wall.

[0019] The upper part is in the shape of a cylinder with one side closed. Thus, the upper part comprises a cylindrical wall, which is closed on one side by a bottom end. Here, the bottom end can be completely closed or can comprise a plurality of openings to further support the gas exchange between the inside and outside of the pressure equalization device.

[0020] For example, the radial inner side of the cylindrical wall comprises an annular snap feature, which, in the assembled state of the pressure equalizing device, engages with a corresponding snap feature of the connecting portion of the bottom part. The annular snap feature is, for example, a circumferential groove on the inner side of the cylindrical wall. In this way, the upper part and the bottom part are fixed to each other in the axial direction. In particular, in the axial direction, the upper part and the bottom part cannot be separated from each other without being damaged.

[0021] In order to ensure the flow path between the inside and outside of the pressure equalizing device, the connecting portion of the bottom component includes some parts, and when the connecting portion is formed as a circumferential wall, these parts are preferably alternately protruding radially outward and contracting radially inward. In the part protruding radially outward, there is also a snap feature on the radial outer side. Therefore, in the assembled state of the pressure equalizing device, the upper component is engaged with the connecting portion on the second axial end of the bottom component (in particular, through the snap feature). Therefore, the flow path inside the pressure equalizing device extends between the inner side of the cylindrical outer wall of the upper component and the part of the connecting portion that contracts radially inward. In order to provide a flow path, a breakthrough, opening or groove extending in the axial direction can also be provided on the connecting portion of the bottom component instead of the part that contracts radially inward.

[0022] The second clamping structure for the elastic sealing element is arranged radially inwardly along the cylindrical wall of the upper part. It extends axially from the bottom end of the upper part, preferably parallel to the cylindrical wall of the upper part, in particular in an annular arrangement; and / or, in particular at its axial end facing the bottom part, comprises a second groove. Thus, in the assembled state of the pressure equalization device, the elastic sealing element is clamped between the first clamping structure (preferably the first groove) and the second clamping structure (preferably the second groove).

[0023] The second clamping structure is provided with a plurality of breaches, a plurality of openings or the like so that the second clamping structure for the elastic sealing element does not block the flow path of the pressure equalizing device from the inside to the outside, and vice versa. Therefore, the second clamping structure may also include a plurality of axial protrusions arranged in an annular manner, each axial protrusion including a second groove. This will become more apparent in the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below.

[0024] Therefore, in the assembled state of the pressure equalizing device, the elastic sealing element is arranged or clamped between the first and second clamping structures. Since the fixing portion is adjacent to the inner side of the hollow cylindrical bottom part, the sealing portion of the elastic sealing element extends radially inwardly in the direction of the central opening. The elastic sealing element has a corresponding opening in the center, so it does not cover the central opening. Therefore, generally speaking, the elastic sealing element is annular at the sealing portion when viewed from the top. Due to this structure, when the pressure equalizing device is assembled, the elastic sealing element can seal the multiple ventilation holes adjacent to the central opening on the radial inner ring of the circumferential protrusion protruding radially inwardly of the bottom part without blocking the central opening.

[0025] Due to this inventive construction, a common ventilation and air venting channel extends centrally through the central opening and the gas permeable membrane and radially outwards through between the second clamping structure of the upper part and the cylindrical wall of the upper part and through the radially inwardly constricted wall portion of the connecting portion of the bottom part to the outside. In this way, gas (e.g. air) can flow from the inside of the housing to the outside and vice versa.

[0026] If the pressure inside the housing unexpectedly increases due to an unexpected event (e.g. an accident), the increased airflow causes additional deformation of the elastic sealing element, resulting in a gap between the elastic sealing element and the bottom part (especially near the central opening). Due to the special arrangement of the elastic sealing element, ventilation to the outside of the housing is only possible through the elastic sealing element. Gas (e.g. air) can only flow from the outside to the inside through the gas permeable membrane and the central opening.

[0027] An advantage of the pressure equalization device according to the invention is that, due to the clamping fixation of the elastic sealing element, a quick and simple assembly is possible, which makes production easier. Moreover, the necessary fixing force of the elastic sealing element can be easily adjusted. Furthermore, manufacturing tolerances can be compensated, which further simplifies the manufacturing method.

[0028] Another advantage is that, due to the structure of the pressure equalization device and the connection of the upper part to the lower part, the opening towards the side provides a particular protection for the gas permeable membrane, for example, preventing moisture from penetrating into the pressure equalization device, especially if the lower end of the upper part is completely closed.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the pressure equalization device, the circumferential protrusion protruding radially inwardly adjacent to the central opening in the direction of the second axial end is formed in a dome shape, so that the gas permeable membrane and the elastic sealing element are arranged at different axial heights, and the sealing portion of the elastic sealing element at least partially abuts against the dome-shaped structure. In other words, the radially outer ring and the radially inner ring are spaced a certain distance from each other in the axial direction.

[0030] Here, the radially inner ring is closer to the second axial end than the radially outer ring. However, in this case, it should be taken into account that the axial height of the radially inner ring should be lower than the second axial end defined by the wall of the connecting structure. Otherwise, in the assembled state, the bottom end of the upper part will be located on the gas permeable membrane arranged on the central opening, which may hinder its normal operation.

[0031] Furthermore, the radially outer ring and the connecting web defining the plurality of vent holes may be arranged at least partially in the same plane. In this case, for example, the dome shape results from a conical or cone structure that bulges conically in the direction along the second axial end, the conical or cone structure starting from the radially inner side of the connecting web and ending at a plateau that is part of the radially inner ring and to which the gas permeable membrane is fixed. The diameter of the conical or cone structure is larger adjacent to the connecting web and smaller at the plateau.

[0032] In a first particularly preferred embodiment, the outer periphery of the conical structure gradually narrows from the portion adjacent to the connecting web toward the plateau. In particular, in this case, the outer peripheral elastic sealing element forms an annular seal radially inwardly with the dome or conical structure coaxial with the bottom part. Due to the conical structure, the sealing performance achieved by the elastic sealing element is further improved and can prevent gas (e.g. air) from entering the inner side of the housing through the plurality of vent holes in a particularly effective manner.

[0033] In a second, equally preferred embodiment, the circumferential protrusion protruding radially inwardly includes a step in the dome-shaped design portion, and at least a portion of the sealing portion of the elastic sealing element is located on the step. Therefore, the outer circumference does not change gradually, but includes a step. This can also effectively prevent gas (such as air) from entering the inner side of the housing through the plurality of vent holes.

[0034] Advantageously, a plurality of connecting webs are arranged in a star shape at the central opening. Due to the connecting webs at the central opening, i.e. the protrusions on the inner side of the radial inner ring protruding radially inwards, the sudden loads on the gas permeable membrane are reduced. Furthermore, due to the arrangement between the upper part and the bottom part, the gas permeable membrane is already protected from mechanical damage, misuse, etc. before the pressure equalization device is mounted at the opening of the housing.

[0035] The effect of the above-mentioned connecting webs also applies to the connecting webs adjacent to or below the elastic sealing element, which define a plurality of vent holes arranged in an annular manner. Therefore, in the event of a special situation, the sudden load of both the gas permeation membrane and the elastic sealing element can be effectively prevented.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the pressure equalizing device, the elastic sealing element comprises a fixing portion configured in a T-shape so that the sealing portion extends vertically from the T-shaped fixing portion. In particular, this structure can be clamped particularly advantageously between a first clamping structure of the bottom part and a second clamping structure of the upper part. In addition, due to the T-shaped structure, possible manufacturing tolerances of the upper part and the bottom part can be effectively compensated. In addition, due to the T-shaped fixing portion, both sides of the elastic sealing element can be used. Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange it in the correct position. This makes it easier to automate the pressure equalizing device in production or assembly.

[0037] In addition, according to the first scheme, a sealing portion that narrows radially inward; and / or, at least one annular protrusion that protrudes axially toward the top or bottom on the radial inner side of the sealing portion, or at least one annular sealing lip that protrudes axially toward the top or bottom, preferably three annular protrusions or three sealing lips, in particular three annular protrusions or sealing lips that protrude axially upward and three annular protrusions or sealing lips that protrude axially downward.

[0038] In the initial state, the elastic sealing element has a sealing portion which tapers radially inwards, forming an elastic sealing element of straight construction and symmetrical manufacture. In this case, in particular the radially inner portion of the sealing portion, i.e. the portion with the smallest thickness, is deformed when the pressure equalization device is used, preferably adjacent to the dome-shaped portion. The resulting increased preload further improves the sealing of the plurality of through-holes during normal operation.

[0039] In addition to the conical structure of the sealing portion, the elastic sealing element also includes at least one annular protrusion or annular sealing lip located on at least one side, preferably three annular structures or protrusions or sealing lips on each side. In particular, the design of at least one radial protrusion or at least one annular sealing lip can further improve the flexibility of the elastic sealing element, thereby further improving the sealing performance, especially the sealing performance of the dome-shaped portion of the protrusion protruding radially inwardly of the bottom component.

[0040] According to a second solution, the elastic sealing element has a curved profile on the radially inner cross section, preferably an inverted U-shaped profile. The curved profile, in particular the inverted U-shaped profile, is adjacent to the radial inner side of the sealing portion of the elastic sealing element. Here, the term inverted U-shaped profile refers to a curved profile extending from the radial inner side to the radial outer side in the assembled state of the elastic sealing element, first rising to a vertex in the direction of the second axial end of the bottom part, and then returning to an initial height, preferably returning to the height of the fixed portion. Through this special type of structure, in particular in combination with the steps of the dome-shaped part as described above, the elastic pretension can be further increased. Thereby, the sealing can be further improved. However, a disadvantage of this design is that it must be arranged in the correct position, which brings a greater workload in the production or assembly of the pressure equalization device.

[0041] Preferably, the upper part and / or the bottom part consists of a thermoplastic material. In this way, the pressure equalization device can be specifically adapted to the temperature requirements and the necessary chemical resistance of the field of application. For example, the material used for the upper part and / or the bottom part is PP-GF, PBT, PA6 or PA66.

[0042] Furthermore, the pressure equalization device is preferably provided by fixing the gas permeable membrane to a circumferential protrusion protruding radially inwardly adjacent to the central opening by gluing, welding or integral overmolding. In this way, the pressure equalization device can be adapted to the respective application and the gas permeable membrane used. Thus, the gas permeable membrane can be a self-adhesive film foil for housing ventilation and aeration. The pressure equalization or gas discharge is achieved by means of the adhesive-free zone. Alternatively, the gas permeable membrane can also be welded. In addition to these fixing methods, the gas permeable membrane can also be overmolded during the manufacture of the bottom part, which will be described in conjunction with the manufacturing method below.

[0043] In another preferred embodiment, the elastic sealing element is made of silicone, rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer. In addition, the pressure equalization device preferably includes a sealing member, such as an O-ring, radially outwardly, in particular adjacent to a flange protruding radially outwardly between the fastening portion and the connecting portion. In both cases (i.e. the elastic sealing member and the sealing member, in particular the O-ring), the selection of a material (e.g. an elastomer) is important, which can withstand the corresponding temperature requirements and has the chemical resistance required for the corresponding application field. In this way, the pressure equalization device can be further adapted to the required application. The necessary hardness for the elastic sealing member and / or the sealing member (in particular the O-ring). It can also have a similar hardness, for example in the range of 40 to 70 Shore A. In particular, the curved contour design of the elastic sealing element preferably has a higher hardness of up to 80 Shore A.

[0044] Finally, the fastening of the pressure equalizing device is preferably configured as a thread, a bayonet lock, a latching structure or a glued structure. Due to this mainly customizable fastening, the pressure equalizing device can be fastened in the housing flexibly and can be adjusted to the desired application.

[0045] A housing (preferably a battery housing) of the present invention has an opening, and a pressure equalization device of the present invention is installed in the opening. Since the housing includes the pressure equalization device of the present invention, to avoid redundant description, please refer to the above description of the technical effects and advantages produced.

[0046] A manufacturing method of a pressure equalization device according to the present invention comprises the following steps: a hollow cylindrical bottom component comprises a fastening portion for fixing to a housing at a first axial end on a radially outer side, and a connecting portion at a second axial end, the hollow cylindrical bottom component comprises a circumferential protrusion protruding radially inward and defining a central opening, and has a first, preferably annular, clamping structure, in particular a first annular groove, and a plurality of vent holes arranged annularly between the central opening and the first clamping structure on a side facing the second axial end, and an upper component having a cylindrical wall and a bottom end is injection molded, wherein the upper component comprises a second clamping structure protruding axially from the bottom end, wherein the second clamping structure is in particular arranged annularly and / or comprises a second groove, Preferably, the gas permeable membrane is fixed to the bottom part along the axial extension parallel to the cylindrical wall, an elastic sealing element having a fixing portion is installed in the first clamping structure of the bottom part, the sealing portion of the elastic sealing element extends radially inward in the direction of the central opening, and the upper part is arranged on the bottom part so that the upper part engages with the connecting portion on the second axial end of the bottom part, and the elastic sealing element is arranged so that its fixing portion is located between the first clamping structure of the bottom part and the second clamping structure of the upper part, wherein the elastic sealing element seals a plurality of vent holes so that a ventilation and air passage extends through the central opening and the gas permeable membrane, and an emergency air passage extends through the plurality of vent holes and the elastic sealing element. Therefore, to avoid repetition, please refer again to the above description of the technical effects and advantages produced by such a pressure equalization device of the present invention.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the manufacturing method, the step of fixing the gas permeable membrane to the bottom part includes overmolding the gas permeable membrane during the injection molding of the bottom part. In this way, the manufacturing method is further simplified by eliminating the separate step of fixing the gas permeable membrane to the bottom part. 4. Description of the drawings

[0048] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference symbols refer to the same components and / or elements, which show:

[0049] Figure 1 An exploded view of an embodiment of a pressure equalization device with a first embodiment of an elastic sealing element of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 Figure 1 a side view of the illustrated embodiment in an assembled state;

[0051] Figure 3 The first embodiment with elastic sealing element Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the illustrated embodiment;

[0052] Figure 4 Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a bottom component of an embodiment from a perspective below;

[0053] Figure 5 Figure 4 A top view of a bottom component of the invention;

[0054] Figure 6 Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an enlarged perspective view of a portion of a connecting portion of a bottom component;

[0055] Figure 7 Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a perspective view of the upper component;

[0056] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an elastic sealing element from one perspective;

[0057] Fig. 9 Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the elastic sealing element shown;

[0058] Fig.10 A cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a pressure equalization device with a resilient sealing element;

[0059] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the elastic sealing element from one perspective;

[0060] Fig.12 Fig.11 A cross-sectional view of the elastic sealing element shown;

[0061] Fig.13 A cross-sectional view of a pressure equalization device according to a third embodiment of the present invention with an elastic sealing element;

[0062] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a third embodiment of an elastic sealing element from one perspective;

[0063] Fig.15 Fig.14 a cross-sectional view of the elastic sealing element shown; and

[0064] Fig.16 A flow chart of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a pressure equalizing device of the present invention. 5. Specific implementation methods

[0065] An embodiment of the pressure equalization device 1 is Figure 1 The exploded view is shown in Figure 2 The assembled state is shown in Figure 3 A cross-sectional view is shown in . The pressure equalization device 1 is used in a housing, such as a housing of a composite power battery of an electric vehicle.

[0066] Especially from Figure 1 As can be seen, the pressure equalization device 1 generally comprises a bottom member 10, a gas permeable membrane 50, an upper member 60 and an elastic sealing element 80. In this embodiment, an O-ring 90 is also provided as a sealing member for sealing during the process of fixing the opening of the housing (not shown).

[0067] Each component of the pressure equalization device 1 will be discussed separately. Therefore, first Figure 4-6 The bottom part 10 is shown.

[0068] The bottom member 10 is configured as a hollow cylinder, and includes a fastening portion 14 for fixing to the housing at a first axial end 12. In this embodiment, the fastening portion 14 includes an external thread 16.

[0069] A connecting portion 20 is provided at the second axial end 18. Due to the hollow cylindrical structure of the bottom part 10, the connecting portion 20 is particularly formed by an annular wall, wherein radially outer protrusions 22 and radially inner recesses 26 are arranged alternately in the connecting portion 20. The radially outer protrusion 22 also includes a snap feature 24 extending radially outwards. The advantages and functions of this assembly will be explained later when discussing the assembled pressure equalization device 1.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that these locations may also have openings or breakthroughs in addition to the radially indented portions 26. In this case, the connecting portion 20 will consist of an axial protrusion constituting a radially outer protrusion 22 and will include snap-fit ​​features 24 extending radially outwards.

[0071] A flange 28 protruding radially outward is provided between the fastening portion 14 and the connecting portion 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the flange 28 is configured as a hexagon and has rounded corners. Thus, the flange 28 is a drive device for screwing the pressure equalizing device 1 into the opening of the housing via the external thread 16 of the fastening portion 14, in which case the opening of the housing comprises a corresponding internal thread.

[0072] In order to seal the pressure equalization device 1 at the housing opening accordingly, an O-ring 90 is provided as a sealing element. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an O-ring 90 is mounted on the fastening portion 14 adjacent to the flange 28 .

[0073] On the inner side of the bottom part 10, there is also a circumferential protrusion 30 protruding radially inward. It serves to form a ventilation and air passage and an emergency air passage. Both will be described later in conjunction with the use of the pressure equalization device 1. Seen from the top, the circumferential protrusion 30 protruding radially inwards consists of a radial outer ring 32, a connecting web 34 extending radially inwards from the outer ring 32, and a radial inner ring 36. Therefore, there are a plurality of ventilation holes 38 arranged in a corresponding annular manner between the connecting webs 34. They serve as emergency ventilation, which will also be explained later. In addition, due to this structure, there is also a central opening 44 defined in particular by the radial inner ring 36 of the circumferential protrusion 30 protruding radially inwards.

[0074] In this embodiment, the radial inner ring 36 is configured as a dome having a conical structure 40. The conical structure 40 starts from a portion adjacent to the connecting web 34 and extends toward the plateau in a continuous and gradual manner. Figure 3 4. In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 44, there are also connecting webs 46 arranged in a star shape on the inner side of the central opening 44. They are arranged axially along the first axial end 12 of the bottom member 10, keep a certain distance from the plateau, and are connected to the plateau through the circumferential wall structure. The importance of these connecting webs 46 and the connecting webs 34 on the radial outer ring 32 will be explained later.

[0075] The gas permeable membrane 50 covering the central opening 44 is located on the plateau, i.e. on the radially inner ring 36. With regard to the axial height of the plateau, it should be noted that it is arranged below the second axial end 18 defined by the connection 20. Otherwise, after assembly of the upper part, there is a risk that the normal functioning of the gas permeable membrane 50 may be impeded.

[0076] Finally, it should be emphasized that the radially outer ring 32 protruding radially inwardly circumferentially comprises a first annular clamping structure 47 in the form of a first annular groove 48 formed on the side facing the second axial end 18 .

[0077] Reference Figure 7 Now, the structure of the upper member 60 is explained. It consists of a cylindrical wall 62 and a bottom end 64. In addition, a second clamping structure 66 is provided, which protrudes axially from the bottom end 64 and is arranged in an annular manner. The second clamping structure 66 includes a second groove 70 also arranged in an annular manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the second clamping structure 66 also extends axially parallel to the cylindrical wall 62.

[0078] In addition, a circumferential snap feature 72 is provided on the radially inner side of the cylindrical wall 62. In the assembled state, it engages with the snap feature 24 of the connecting portion 20 of the bottom part 10. For example, the snap feature 72 is a circumferential groove on the cylindrical wall 62. This provides a locking method for the axial position, so that the upper part 60 and the bottom part 10 cannot be separated from each other without destruction.

[0079] Continuing with reference to the upper part 60, the second clamping structure 66 has a plurality of breakthroughs or recesses 67, thereby forming a plurality of webs 68. In addition to the breakthroughs or recesses 67, openings such as drilled holes may also be provided on the second clamping structure 66. These breakthroughs, openings or recesses 67 are necessary to ensure a flow path from the inside of the pressure equalizing device 1 to the outside, and vice versa. The same applies to the radially indented portion 26 in the connecting portion 20 of the bottom part 10, where, in addition to the radially indented portion 26, breakthroughs or recesses may also be provided to ensure a flow path from the inside of the pressure equalizing device 1 to the outside.

[0080] In the illustrated embodiment of the upper member 60, the bottom end 64 is a closed structure. Alternatively, one or more openings may be provided at the bottom end 64 of the upper member 60 to further support ventilation and aeration. However, compared with the bottom end 64 of the closed structure, the disadvantage is that moisture is more likely to enter the inner side of the pressure equalization device 1.

[0081] exist Figure 8 and Fig. 9 1 shows a first embodiment of an elastic sealing element 80. It consists of a T-shaped fixing portion 82 on the radial outer side and a sealing portion 84 extending radially inward. The elastic sealing element 80 has a central opening, so that in the assembled state of the pressure equalization device 1, the sealing portion 80 does not cover the central opening 44 and / or the gas permeable membrane 50 and hinder their functions. Therefore, the radial inner side of the sealing portion 84 is preferably connected to the radial inner ring 36, especially the tapered structure 40 of the circumferential protrusion 30 protruding radially inward, so as to seal the plurality of vent holes 38.

[0082] The advantage of this elastic sealing element 80 is that it is symmetrically arranged. Therefore, the correct position direction during assembly is not important, on the contrary, the elastic sealing element can be arranged in each direction and realize its function.

[0083] from Fig. 9 It can be particularly clearly seen that the sealing portion 84 gradually narrows from the radial outer end to the radial inner end. Figure 3As explained above, in the assembled state, it is preferred that the elastic sealing element 80 is connected to the sealing portion 84 of the dome-shaped or cone-shaped structure 40. In particular, the radial inner end of the sealing portion 84 is bent in the direction of the second axial end 18. In this way, a corresponding pre-tension is generated, so that the elastic sealing element 80 can effectively seal the plurality of ventilation holes 38.

[0084] When the pressure equalization device 1 is used, the common ventilation and venting channel extends through the central opening 44 and the gas permeable membrane 50 and radially outwards through the second clamping structure 66 of the upper part 60 and between the cylindrical wall 62 of the upper part 60 and the radially indented portion 26 of the connecting portion 20 of the bottom part 10 to the outside. In this way, gas (for example air) can flow from the inside of the housing to the outside and vice versa. The advantage of this structure is that the gas permeable membrane 50 can be particularly protected and resistant to moisture and contamination. In addition, due to the smaller number of components and the symmetrically arranged elastic sealing element 80, assembly is also made more convenient. It should also be noted that, compared with the prior art, due to the fixing portion 82 of the elastic sealing element 80, production-related tolerances between the upper part 60 and the bottom part 10 can be better compensated, thereby further facilitating production.

[0085] The function of the connecting webs 34 and 46 is to reduce the sudden loads on the gas permeable membrane 50 and the elastic sealing element 80. In addition, due to the arrangement between the upper part and the bottom part, the gas permeable membrane 50 and the elastic sealing element 80 are protected from mechanical damage, misuse, etc. before the pressure equalization device 1 is assembled to the opening of the housing.

[0086] See also Figure 10-12 , another embodiment of the pressure equalization device 100 is shown, in which another embodiment of the elastic seal 180 is particularly used. Apart from this, the structures of the bottom part 10, the gas permeable membrane 50, the upper part 60 and the O-ring 90 of the pressure equalization device 100 are the same as those of the first embodiment of the pressure equalization device 1. Therefore, compared with the first embodiment of the pressure equalization device 1, its functionality is also the same.

[0087] In the second embodiment, the elastic sealing element 180 further comprises a fixing portion 182 having a T-shaped structure. Similarly, a sealing portion 184 is provided which gradually narrows from the radial outer end to the radial inner end and has an opening in the middle thereof for abutting against the dome-shaped portion or the conical structure 40 respectively.

[0088] However, unlike the previous embodiment, the sealing portion 180 now includes three annular protrusions or sealing lips 186, which are respectively located on both sides near the radial inner end of the sealing portion 184. These annular protrusions or sealing lips 186 extend axially from the sealing portion 184. These annular protrusions or sealing lips 186 increase the flexibility of the elastic sealing element 180 in the sealing portion 184, and particularly increase the pre-tension of the tapered structure 40. Therefore, the elastic sealing element 180 further improves the sealing performance of the plurality of vent holes 38.

[0089] Figure 13-15 Another pressure equalization device 200 is shown. In terms of basic structure, this configuration also corresponds to the previous embodiment, so the differences will be discussed in particular below. The basic orientation of the ventilation and venting channels and the emergency venting channels is the same as in the previous embodiments of the pressure equalization device 1; 100.

[0090] In the design of the pressure equalization device 200, the sealing portion 284 of the elastic sealing element 280 has a curved profile 288. Its configuration is particularly like an inverted U. Here, "inverted U" means that the height of the profile increases from the radial inner end of the sealing portion 284 in the direction of the second axial end 18 of the bottom part 10 to the apex and then decreases to the initial height.

[0091] When the tapered structure 240 is not continuously formed but includes a step 242, and the radial inner end of the sealing portion 284 is located on the step 242, the elastic sealing portion 280 is particularly effective in sealing. In this way, the preload force can be further increased to achieve effective sealing of the plurality of vent holes 38. However, the disadvantage of this structure is that even if the fixing portion 282 is formed in a T-shape similar to the previous embodiment, the elastic sealing element 280 must be arranged in a correctly positioned manner due to the sealing portion 284.

[0092] Finally, according to Fig.16 The flow chart explains a method for manufacturing the pressure equalizing device 1; 100; 200.

[0093] Therefore, in a first step A, a hollow cylindrical bottom part 10; 210 is injection molded. As described above, the bottom part 10; 210 comprises a fastening portion 14 for fixing to the housing at a first axial end 12 on the radial outside, and a connecting portion 20 at a second axial end. Further, the hollow cylindrical bottom part 10; 210 comprises a circumferential protrusion 30 protruding radially inwardly and defining a central opening 44. Further, on the side facing the second axial end 18, the bottom part 10; 210 comprises a first (preferably annular) clamping structure 47, in particular a first annular groove 48, and a plurality of ventilation holes 38 arranged annularly between the central opening 44 and the first clamping structure 47. Preferably, the fastening portion 14 is configured as a thread, a bayonet lock, a latching structure or a glued structure. Due to this mainly customizable fastening portion 14, the pressure equalization device 1; 100; 200 can be fastened in the housing flexibly and specifically adapted to the desired application.

[0094] In a second step B, an upper component 60 having a cylindrical wall 62 and a bottom end 64 is injection molded, wherein the upper component 60 includes a second clamping structure 66 protruding axially from the bottom end 64, and the second clamping structure 66 is particularly arranged in an annular shape and / or includes a second groove 70, and the second clamping structure 66 preferably extends in an axial direction parallel to the cylindrical wall 62.

[0095] Preferably, the upper part 60 and / or the bottom part 10; 210 are made of thermoplastic material. In this way, the pressure equalization device 1; 100; 200 can be particularly adapted to the temperature requirements and the necessary chemical resistance of the application field. For example, the material used for the upper part 60 and / or the bottom part 10; 210 is PP-GF, PBT, PA6 or PA66.

[0096] In step C, the gas permeable membrane 50 is fixed to the bottom part 10; 210. Here, the gas permeable membrane 50 is fixed in particular to the radial inner ring 36 of the protrusion 30 protruding radially inwardly of the bottom part 10; 210. On the one hand, the fixing can be carried out by bonding or welding. Thus, the gas permeable membrane 50 can be a self-adhesive film foil for ventilation and aeration of the housing. Pressure equalization or gas ventilation is carried out through the adhesive-free area. Alternatively, the gas permeable membrane can also be welded. In addition, the gas permeable membrane can also be overmolded during the manufacture of the bottom part 10; 210. In this way, the manufacturing method is further simplified because a separate step of fixing the gas permeable membrane 50 to the bottom part 10; 210 (in particular to the protrusion 30 protruding radially inwardly) can be omitted.

[0097] In step D, an elastic sealing element 80; 180; 280 provided with a fixing portion 82; 182; 282 is arranged in a first (preferably annular) clamping structure 47, in particular in a first annular groove 48 of the bottom part 10; 210. In this case, the sealing portion 82; 182; 282 of the elastic sealing element 80; 180; 280 extends radially inwardly in the direction of the central opening 44.

[0098] In step E, the upper component 60 is arranged on the bottom component 10; 210 so that the upper component 60 is engaged with the connecting portion 20 on the second axial end 18 of the bottom component 10; 210, and the elastic sealing element 80; 180; 280 is arranged so that its fixing portion 82; 182; 282 is located between the first clamping structure 47 of the bottom component 10 and the second clamping structure 66 of the upper component 60. In this way, the elastic sealing element 80; 180; 280 seals the plurality of vent holes 38 so that a ventilation and venting channel extends through the central opening 44 and the gas permeable membrane 50, and an emergency venting channel extends through the plurality of vent holes 38 and the elastic sealing element 80; 180; 280.

[0099] The elastic sealing element 80 ; 180 ; 280 is preferably made of silicone, rubber or thermoplastic elastomer. In addition, the pressure equalization device 1 ; 100 ; 200 includes a seal, such as a radially outer O-ring, which is particularly adjacent to the flange 28 protruding radially outward between the fastening portion 14 and the connecting portion 20 .

[0100] In both cases (i.e. the elastic sealing element 80; 180; 280 and the sealing element, in particular the O-ring 90), it is important to choose a material (e.g. an elastomer) which can withstand the corresponding temperature requirements and has the chemical resistance required for the corresponding application. In this way, the pressure equalization device 1; 100; 200 can be further adapted to the desired application. The necessary hardness of the elastic sealing element 80; 180; 280 and / or the sealing element (in particular the O-ring 90) can have a similar hardness, for example in the range of 40 to 70 Shore A. In particular, the elastic sealing element 280 preferably has a higher hardness of up to 80 Shore A with a curved profile.

[0101] 6. Explanation of reference numerals

[0102] 1. Pressure equalization device (first embodiment)

[0103] 10 Bottom part

[0104] 12 First axial end

[0105] 14 Fastening part

[0106] 16 External thread of the fastening portion 14

[0107] 18 Second axial end

[0108] 20 Connection

[0109] 22 radial outer protrusion

[0110] 24 Snap-on features

[0111] 26 radial indentation

[0112] 28 Flange

[0113] 30 Circumferential protrusion protruding radially inward

[0114] 32 radial outer ring

[0115] 34 Connecting web on radial outer ring 32

[0116] 36 Radial inner ring

[0117] 38 Ventilation holes

[0118] 40 Conical structure

[0119] 44 Central opening

[0120] 46 Connecting web in central opening

[0121] 47 First clamping structure

[0122] 48 First annular groove

[0123] 50 Gas Permeable Membrane

[0124] 60 Upper part

[0125] 62 Cylindrical wall

[0126] 64 bottom

[0127] 66 Second clamping structure

[0128] 67 recess

[0129] 68 belly plate

[0130] 70 Second groove

[0131] 72 Snap-fit ​​feature of upper component 60

[0132] 80 elastic sealing element

[0133] 82 fixed part

[0134] 84 Sealing part

[0135] 90O-ring

[0136] 100 Pressure Equalization Device (Second Embodiment)

[0137] 180 elastic sealing element

[0138] 182 Fixed part

[0139] 184 Sealing part

[0140] 186 Sealing lip of sealing portion 184

[0141] 200 Pressure Equalization Device (Third Embodiment)

[0142] 210 bottom

[0143] 240 Conical structure

[0144] 242 Steps in the conical structure 240

[0145] 280 elastic sealing element

[0146] 282 Fixed part

[0147] 284 Sealing part

[0148] 288 Curved profile in sealing portion 284

Claims

1. A pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) for a housing, characterized in that: The pressure equalizing device (1; 100; 200) comprises: a. a hollow cylindrical bottom member (10; 210), the bottom member (10; 210) comprising a fastening portion (14) for fixing to the housing at a first axial end (12) on the radial outside, and a connecting portion (20) at a second axial end (18), b. an upper member (60) having a cylindrical wall (62) and a bottom end (64) and engaging with said connecting portion (20) on said second axial end (18) of said bottom member (10; 210), wherein c. the hollow cylindrical bottom part (10; 210) having a circumferential protrusion (30) protruding radially inwardly and defining a central opening (44), and having a first, preferably annular clamping structure (47), in particular a first annular groove (48), on the side facing the second axial end (18), and a plurality of ventilation holes (38) arranged in an annular manner between the central opening (44) and the first clamping structure (47), and d. The upper part (60) comprises a second clamping structure (66) protruding axially from the bottom end (64), wherein the second clamping structure (66) is particularly arranged in an annular manner and / or comprises a second groove (70), preferably extending in an axial direction parallel to the cylindrical wall (62), wherein e. a gas permeable membrane (50) covering the central opening (44) and f. an elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280) having a fixing portion (82; 182; 184) disposed between the first clamping structure (47) of the bottom member (10; 210) and the second clamping structure (66) of the upper member (60), and having a sealing portion (84; 184; 284) extending radially inwardly in the direction of the central opening (44) and sealing the plurality of vent holes (38) so as to g. A ventilation and venting passage extends through the central opening (44) and the gas permeable membrane (50), and an emergency venting passage extends through the plurality of vent holes (38) and the elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280).

2. The pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential protrusion (30) protruding radially inward is formed into a dome shape adjacent to the central opening (44) in the direction of the second axial end (18), so that the gas permeable membrane (50) and the elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280) are arranged at different axial heights, and the sealing portion (84; 184; 284) of the elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280) at least partially abuts against the dome-shaped structure.

3. The pressure equalization device (200) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circumferential protrusion (30) protruding radially inward includes a step (242) in a dome-shaped design portion, and at least a portion of the sealing portion (284) of the elastic sealing element (280) is placed on the step (242).

4. The pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting webs (46) are included in the central opening (44), and the connecting webs (46) are arranged in a star shape.

5. The pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280) has a fixing portion (82; 182; 282) configured in a T-shape so that the sealing portion (84; 184; 284) extends vertically from the T-shaped fixing portion (82; 182; 282).

6. The pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The elastic sealing element (80; 180) comprises: a. a sealing portion (84; 184) that narrows radially inwardly and / or b. At least one annular protrusion (186) protruding axially toward the top or bottom on the radial inner side of the sealing portion (184), preferably three annular protrusions or sealing lips (186), in particular three annular protrusions protruding axially upward and three annular protrusions protruding axially downward.

7. The pressure equalization device (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The elastic sealing element (280) has a curved profile in a radially inner cross section, preferably an inverted U-shaped profile.

8. The pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The upper part (60) and / or the bottom part (10; 210) are made of a thermoplastic plastic material.

9. The pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The gas permeable membrane (50) is fixed to the circumferential protrusion (30) protruding radially inwardly adjacent to the central opening (44) by means of gluing, welding or integral overmolding.

10. The pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280) is made of silicone, rubber or thermoplastic elastomer.

11. The pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that A sealing member, in particular an O-ring (90), is also provided radially outside, preferably adjacent to a flange (28) protruding radially outward between the fastening portion (14) and the connecting portion (20).

12. The pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The fastening portion (14) is configured as a thread, a bayonet lock, a latch structure or a glued structure.

13. A housing, in particular a battery housing, having an opening, in which a pressure equalization device (1; 100; 200) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 12 is arranged.

14. A method for manufacturing a pressure equalizing device (1; 100; 200) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the following steps: a. Injection molding (A) a hollow cylindrical bottom part (10; 210), the hollow cylindrical bottom part (10; 210) comprising a fastening portion (14) for fixing to the housing at a first axial end (12) on the radial outside, and a connecting portion (20) at a second axial end (18), the hollow cylindrical bottom part (10; 210) comprising a circumferential protrusion (30) protruding radially inwardly and defining a central opening (44), and having a first, preferably annular, clamping structure (47), in particular a first annular groove (48), on a side facing the second axial end (18), and a plurality of ventilation holes (38) arranged in an annular manner between the central opening (44) and the first clamping structure (47), and b. Injection molding (B) an upper part (60) having a cylindrical wall (62) and a bottom end (64), wherein the upper part (60) comprises a second clamping structure (66) protruding axially from the bottom end (64), wherein the second clamping structure (66) is in particular arranged in an annular manner and / or comprises a second groove (70), preferably extending in an axial direction parallel to the cylindrical wall (62), c. fixing (C) a gas permeable membrane (50) to said bottom member (10; 210), d. an elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280) having a fixing portion (82; 182; 282) is arranged (D) in the first clamping structure (47) of the bottom part (10; 210), the sealing portion (82; 182; 282) of the elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280) extending radially inwardly in the direction of the central opening (44), and e. Arranging (E) the upper component (60) onto the bottom component (10; 210) so that the upper component (60) engages with the connecting portion (20) of the bottom component (10; 210) at the second axial end (18), and the elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280) is arranged so that its fixing portion (82; 182; 282) is located between the first clamping structure (47) of the bottom component (10; 210) and the second clamping structure (66) of the upper component (60), wherein the elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280) seals the plurality of vent holes (38) so that a ventilation and air passage extends through the central opening (44) and the gas permeable membrane (50), and an emergency air passage extends through the plurality of vent holes (38) and the elastic sealing element (80; 180; 280).

15. The manufacturing method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The step of fixing (C) the gas-permeable membrane (50) to the bottom part (10; 210) comprises overmolding the gas-permeable membrane (50) during injection molding of the bottom part (10; 210).

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