Formula and use method of rooting promoting agent for catalpa bungei cutting slips

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant growth regulator and an asexual propagation expanding seedling technology, and discloses a formula and a use method of a catalpa bungei cutting rooting promoting agent, the catalpa bungei cutting rooting promoting agent comprises 1000-2000mg / L of naphthylacetic acid, 1000-2000mg / L of indolebutyric acid and 15-35mg / L of paclobutrazol which are prepared into rooting promoting liquid or rooting promoting paste, and the rooting promoting liquid or the rooting promoting paste is used as a rooting promoting agent. The base parts of the cutting slips are soaked in a rooting promoting agent for 3-5 min or are quickly dipped in rooting promoting paste, then are inserted into a light medium and are placed on a seedbed for seedling raising. The rooting promoting agent for treating catalpa bungei cutting slips has the advantages of being easy to operate, high in seedling rate of 95% or above, fast in seedling growth, short in outplanting time and the like, and has great significance in improving catalpa bungei seedling raising efficiency and reducing seedling raising cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of asexual rapid propagation of forestry seedlings, and particularly relates to a formula and a use method of a root growth-promoting agent for catalpa ovata cuttings. Background Art

[0002] Catalpa trees are majestic, luxuriant, and of high quality. They are precious and high-quality timber species unique to my country and famous garden ornamental trees. They are not only known as the "king of trees", but also recognized as "human health tree species" by the United Nations World Health Association for their strong adaptability and environmental improvement performance. However, at present, the resources of high-quality catalpa trees are relatively scarce, and large-diameter catalpa trees are in short supply in the market. The price of catalpa trees is several times that of ordinary wood, so the catalpa industry has great market potential in the future. With the continuous advancement of my country's ecological city construction and the needs of industrial economic development, the development and promotion of high-quality catalpa tree varieties will continue to expand.

[0003] Whether it is the introduction and preservation of excellent germplasm of Catalpa ovata or the breeding and promotion of excellent varieties, asexual propagation technology is crucial to the development of the industry. Softwood cuttings are an important technology in the asexual propagation of Catalpa ovata. The use of cuttings to breed and promote improved Catalpa ovata seedlings has become one of the most valued breeding technologies by scholars and nursery practitioners, and has also been the most researched in the past decade. However, due to the difficulty of rooting Catalpa ovata cuttings, the survival rate of conventional cuttings is generally low.

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems of Catalpa ovata cuttings, after years of research, the technical problems of cutting propagation of some varieties and asexual lines have been solved. However, due to problems in technical versatility and repeatability, the rooting problems of Catalpa ovata cuttings still have low rooting rate and poor versatility, and the asexual line cutting propagation technology still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a formula of a rooting promoter for catalpa ovata cuttings and a method for using the same, aiming to further improve the rooting and seedling formation rate of catalpa ovata cuttings and the quality of cutting seedlings. The specific technology includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1 Preparation of root growth promoter for catalpa ovata cuttings

[0007] The root growth promoter is a compound of 1000-2000mg / L NAA (1-Naphthylacetic acid), 1000-2000mg / L IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid) and 15-35mg / LPAC (Paclobutrazol). According to different usage methods, it is prepared into a root growth promoting liquid or a root growth promoting paste. The root growth promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of corresponding concentrations of the above three components; the root growth promoting paste is a paste-like mixture of the root growth promoting liquid and talcum powder in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0008] Step 2: Obtaining cuttings

[0009] Semi-lignified shoots are selected as cuttings, and the ways to obtain them include: ① new shoots of the current year on the mother tree (shooings can be obtained from April to August every year); ② old mature branches with a growth period of less than 2 years, which are cut into sections, buried in a medium to keep moisture, and germinated at a suitable temperature to promote the sprouting and growth of young branches; ③ when the growth of tissue culture seedlings reaches a plant height of more than 15 cm, cut the upper stem segments with a length of 5-8 cm and the terminal buds as cuttings, and the cuttings can be repeated many times during the growth cycle.

[0010] Step 3: Cutting preparation and processing

[0011] The most suitable length of the cuttings is 5-8cm, retaining the upper 2-6 leaves. The lower incision of the cuttings should be 5-10mm away from the upper stem node. The cut surface should be flat, and either oblique or flat cutting is acceptable. Treat the prepared cuttings with a root growth promoter.

[0012] Step 4: Cutting medium preparation and cutting operation

[0013] The cutting medium is preferably a mixed matrix of peat, perlite and vermiculite in a ratio of 2:1:1.

[0014] After the cuttings are treated with the root growth promoter, they are inserted into the substrate by punching holes to a depth of 2-3 cm, with one cutting inserted into each seedling cup or hole. During the cutting operation, the leaves and the surrounding environment need to be sprayed several times to prevent the leaves from wilting and losing water. a. After the cutting operation is completed, spray once with 1200-1500 times diluted 30% metalaxyl·hypromexyl water to prevent the occurrence of diseases; b. Use automatic spraying equipment to adjust the air humidity of the seedbed to 85%-95%;

[0015] c. Use a two-layer sunshade system, with three different sunshade nets of 40%, 60% and 70% shading rates;

[0016] d. Temperature management: The optimal temperature range is 22-28°C;

[0017] e. Spray a broad-spectrum fungicide once a week after cutting to prevent the occurrence of diseases;

[0018] Step 6: Hardening the seedlings

[0019] After the seedlings take root, gradually increase the ventilation volume, increase the light intensity, increase the temperature difference between day and night, and control water appropriately, so as to facilitate the cultivation of strong seedlings with well-developed root systems and strong adaptability, which are convenient for transplanting or transportation out of the nursery.

[0020] Step 7 Seedling Grading

[0021] To facilitate standardized production and management, seedlings can be graded based on the two indicators of aboveground plant height and number of leaves: Grade I (seedling height 13-15 cm, 10-15 leaves); Grade II (seedling height 10-12 cm, 8-12 leaves); Grade III (seedling height less than 9 cm, 6-9 leaves).

[0022] To further illustrate, the specific preparation method of the root promoting solution in step 1 is: weigh the required weight of NAA and IBA, add 1 mol / L NaOH solution until completely dissolved, transfer to a volumetric flask, dissolve PAC with 95% alcohol and transfer to the above volumetric flask, finally add deionized water to make up the volume, shake well, and the root promoting solution is obtained.

[0023] To further explain, there are two ways to treat the cuttings with root promoting agents in step 3: the first is to soak the base of the cuttings 2-3 cm in root promoting liquid for 3-5 minutes; the second is to quickly dip the base of the cuttings 2-3 cm in root promoting paste so that it is evenly coated with the paste.

[0024] To further illustrate, in step 4, the agent can be sprayed with 800 times diluted 80% carbendazim or splashed with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection.

[0025] To further explain, in step 4, the seedling container can be an 8cm×8cm black plastic seedling cup or a 14cm×14cm non-woven seedling bag or an 18-hole seedling tray.

[0026] To further illustrate, in step 5, the broad-spectrum fungicide can be selected from 1000 times diluted 80% carbendazim wettable powder, 1500 times diluted 30% carbendazim aqueous solution or 3000 times diluted 43% tebuconazole suspension, and the above agents can be used alternately.

[0027] To further explain, one week after the cuttings in step 5, mineral elements can be supplemented by foliar fertilization. In the second week after cuttings, 0.1% urea + 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the leaves. In the third week after cuttings, 0.2% urea solution can be sprayed on the leaves. In the fourth week after cuttings, 800-1000 times of Green Fenwei No. 2 can be sprayed to supplement trace elements, and combined with watering with 2000 times of 20-20-20 water-soluble compound fertilizer.

[0028] Further explanation: Step 6 is the preferred solution. Generally, hardening of the seedlings begins 20 days after cutting. The seedlings can be transplanted or put into normal management to cultivate large seedlings about 15 days after hardening.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0030] (1) The present invention improves the rooting rate of cuttings, promotes root development, and reduces the seedling raising cycle and seedling raising cost.

[0031] (2) The present invention can carry out cutting operations in multiple periods of spring, summer and late winter, thereby increasing the propagation coefficient and extending the ear collection period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Cuttings source ( Figure 1 a is the cuttings made from the branches of the mother tree that year; Figure 1 b is cuttings made from young branches that have been buried to accelerate germination; Figure 1 c is a cutting made by cutting the top of the transplanted tissue culture seedling; Figure 1 d is to use unrooted tissue culture seedlings to make cuttings.)

[0033] Figure 2 Dynamic changes of rooting of softwood cuttings ( Figure 2 a is the state of softwood cuttings after 7 days of cutting; Figure 2 b is the state of the softwood cuttings 15 days after cutting; Figure 2 c is the state of the softwood cuttings 30 days after cutting; Figure 2 d is the seedling shape of the softwood cuttings after 40 days of cuttings

[0034] Figure 3 35-day-old seedlings ( Figure 3 a is the root development of seedlings; Figure 3 b is the growth of seedlings. )

[0035] Figure 4 Growth status of cutting seedlings 55 days after transplanting

[0036] Figure 5 Production flow chart of rapid cutting propagation of Catalpa ovata clones DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with some embodiments.

[0038] Before introducing the specific embodiments, the following related test materials and items used are briefly described, as shown in Table 1:

[0039] Table 1: Test materials and their numbers

[0040] Material No. Material Name Material No. Material Name QS-01 NJQ301 QS-10 Luoqiu No.1 QS-02 NJQ302 QS-11 zinnia QS-03 Zhongshan Catalpa 2 QS-12 NJQ303 QS-04 Zhongshan Catalpa 3 QS-13 Zhongshan Catalpa No.1 QS-05 Zhongshan Catalpa No.5 QS-14 NJQ304 QS-06 Zhongshanqiu No.6 QS-15 Y-1 QS-07 Zhongshanqiu No.7 QS-16 Catalpa tibetica QS-08 Zhongshanqiu No. 8 QS-17 2-6 QS-09 B2-8 QS-18 6-1

[0041] Reagents, drugs and fertilizers involved in the experiment:

[0042] NAA, IBA and PAC are imported original drugs from PhytoTechnology Laboratories TM company;

[0043] Talc powder (particle size 45 μm) was obtained from Guilin Guiguang Talc Development Co., Ltd.

[0044] Anhydrous ethanol, sourced from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.;

[0045] 1 mol / L NaOH solution, sourced from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.;

[0046] Potassium permanganate crystals, sourced from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.;

[0047] 80% carbendazim wettable powder, sourced from Tianjin Hanbang Plant Protection Agent Co., Ltd.;

[0048] 30% metalaxyl·oxazolidinone aqueous solution, from Tianjin Lvheng Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0049] 43% tebuconazole suspension concentrate, sourced from Jiangsu Renxin Crop Protection Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0050] Urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, conventional fertilizers for agriculture and forestry;

[0051] A large amount of water-soluble fertilizer (20-20-20+TE) from Shanghai Yongtong Ecological Engineering Co., Ltd.

[0052] Green Fenway Leaf Protector comes from Yara International A / S of Norway.

[0053] Example 1: Cuttings obtained by burying and accelerating germination to obtain new shoots as cuttings

[0054] In late December 2021, take robust one-year-old branches with a diameter of 2-4cm, cut them into sections of 30-40cm in length, spray them with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, and then bury them horizontally in disinfected moist river sand at a spacing of 2cm, with a depth of about 2 to 3cm, and water them thoroughly. Build a small warming arch shed on it, and keep the temperature in the shed at 20-30℃; pay attention to the moisture of the sand bed and replenish water appropriately. After about 25 to 30 days, the side buds sprout into 8-12cm long shoots, and cut the upper 5-8cm of the young branches as cuttings; the remaining part of the young branches can be used as cuttings again after the side buds grow; use NAA2000 mg / L+IBA2000 mg / L+PAC 30mg / L compounded rooting liquid, soak the base 2-2.5cm of the cuttings in the rooting liquid for 5min, insert the cuttings into the substrate by punching holes, the depth is 2-3cm, and one cutting is inserted into each seedling cup or hole; during the cutting operation, it is necessary to spray the leaves and the surrounding environment many times to prevent the leaves from wilting and losing water. After the cutting operation is completed, spray once with 1200-1500 times of 30% metalaxyl·metalaxyl water solution to prevent the occurrence of diseases. After cutting, spray a broad-spectrum fungicide once a week to prevent the occurrence of diseases. You can choose 1000 times of 80% carbendazim wettable powder + 1500 times of 30% metalaxyl·metalaxyl water solution or 3000 times of 43% tebuconazole suspension, and use the above agents alternately. Table 2 shows the rooting of the cuttings 30 days after cutting. The average rooting rate is 95.1%, and QS-02 and QS-03 have the highest rooting rate, reaching 100%.

[0055] Table 2: Rooting of cuttings prepared by burying and drying

[0056]

[0057] Example 2 Cuttings prepared from new shoots of current year branches

[0058] At the end of April 2022, scions were collected from the current year branches of QS-08, new shoots with a diameter of 0.5-0.8 cm were taken, and cuttings of 5-8 cm were processed, 3-4 branches were left per spike, 2-4 young leaves were retained on the top, and the lower incision of the cutting was preferably 5-10 mm away from the upper stem node, and the section surface was required to be flat; the concentration of the rooting liquid, the treatment time and the subsequent steps were the same as in Example 1. 30 days after cutting, the rooting rate was 96.2%, the number of roots per spike ranged from 9 to 15, the average was 12.3, the length of the adventitious roots ranged from 4 to 13 cm, and the average length was 7.9 cm.

[0059] Example 3: Cuttings prepared from unrooted seedlings cultured in tissue culture

[0060] At the end of February 2022, use the non-rooted tissue culture materials with a subculture cycle of more than 35 days, a plant height of more than 5 cm, and normal growth performance, cut off the base callus, and retain 4-8 leaves on the upper part; after treatment with root promoter, insert it into the nutrient pot, and the nutrient pot is placed in a seedling tray with a transparent moisturizing cover, and culture it in an environment with a temperature of 22-28℃, a light intensity of 3000-5000Lx, and a light hour of 14 hours; short roots will grow in about 10 days, at this time, the ventilation aperture on the transparent cover can be adjusted, and the ventilation volume can be gradually increased; a relatively sound root system will be formed in about 20 days after cutting, and after 2 weeks of hardening, the cutting self-rooted seedlings that can be transplanted will be obtained.

[0061] This method of cutting propagation has the advantages of efficient rooting and rapid seedling formation, and it eliminates the rooting process of tissue culture seedlings of Catalpa ovata. Rootless seedlings of a certain height are directly used as cuttings, which greatly saves cultivation time and production costs.

[0062] In this embodiment, the five materials were cut for 30 days, and the rooting rate, average number of roots and average root length of the cuttings were statistically shown in Table 3:

[0063] Table 3: Rooting of cuttings prepared from tissue culture unrooted seedlings

[0064]

[0065] Example 4: Cuttings prepared from domesticated tissue culture rooted seedlings

[0066] In late March 2022, the rooted seedlings obtained by tissue culture were transplanted and acclimatized. When the seedlings grew to more than 15 cm, the stem segments with a length of 5-8 cm were cut off from the upper part, and the top 4-6 leaves were retained. The stem segments with the remaining leaves cut off from the base of the petiole were used as cuttings; the concentration of the root-promoting solution and the treatment time, subsequent operations and management were the same as in Example 1.

[0067] Use rooted tissue culture seedlings as cutting materials. After the first cutting, the lower axillary buds can be stimulated to accelerate growth. After 15-20 days, you can take another cutting and repeat the process to obtain the required cuttings.

[0068] The rooting rate, average number of roots and average root length of the three materials in this example after 30 days of cutting are shown in Table 4:

[0069] Table 4: Rooting of cuttings prepared from tissue culture rooted seedlings

[0070]

[0071] Example 5 Effects of different concentrations of root promoter on rooting of cuttings

[0072] The tender shoots of young seedlings of QS-13 clones were used as test materials. The cuttings were placed in root growth promoting solutions of different concentrations, and the base of the cuttings was soaked for 5 minutes at 2 cm. The cuttings were placed in a seedling tray with a transparent cover and cultured in the same environment (temperature 22-28°C, RH above 90%, light 3500Lx). The experiment set up 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. Ten cuttings with good consistency were selected for each treatment, for a total of 30 cuttings. The four treatments were: C1 (NAA 1000 mg / L + IBA 1000 mg / L + PAC 15 mg / L), C2 (NAA 1000 mg / L + IBA 1000 mg / L + PAC 30 mg / L), C3 (NAA 2000 mg / L + IBA 2000 mg / L + PAC 15 mg / L) and C4 (NAA 2000 mg / L + IBA 2000 mg / L + PAC 30 mg / L). The test results are shown in Table 5:

[0073] Table 5: Rooting of cuttings after treatment with different concentrations of root promoters

[0074]

[0075] There are certain differences in the rooting time of softwood cuttings treated with root-promoting liquid of different concentrations. The rooting time of cuttings treated with high concentration is 2 days earlier than that of cuttings treated with low concentration, but there is no obvious difference in the number of roots, root length and rooting rate.

[0076] Example 6 Effect of root growth promoter on rooting of different strains of Catalpa ovata cuttings

[0077] 18 samples of Catalpa ovata were used as test objects. Semi-lignified shoots were selected from young plants as cuttings. The cuttings were soaked in the same concentration of root growth promoting solution (NAA 2000 mg / L + IBA 2000 mg / L + PAC 30 mg / L) for 5 minutes at the 2 cm base of the cuttings before cutting. The test results are shown in Table 6:

[0078] Table 6: General test results of root growth promoters

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Except for QS-05 (the cuts of this material were all black rotted and not suitable for softwood cuttings), the average rooting rate of the cuttings of the remaining 17 materials was 95.8% after 30 days of cutting, the average number of roots per cutting was 13.6, and the average root length was 9.6 cm; after 45 days of cutting, the root system was well developed and the seedling rate was 95.6%. The root growth promoting agent screened by the present invention is used for softwood cuttings of catalpa ovata, which can significantly improve the rooting rate of the cuttings and the quality of the seedlings, and has good versatility and is suitable for most catalpa ovata strains.

[0082] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Any approximate changes, improvements, modifications, etc. made to the embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the design principles and technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A formula and method of use of a root growth promoting agent for catalpa ovata cuttings, characterized in that: The rooting agent is composed of 1000-2000 mg / L of naphthaleneacetic acid, 1000-2000 mg / L of indolebutyric acid, and 15-35 mg / L of paclobutrazol; The method for using the rooting agent comprises the following steps: 1) Pruning: Select semi-lignified young branches of Catalpa ovata without pests and diseases, and cut them into 5-8cm cuttings; 2) Cutting: Dip the base of the cuttings into root-promoting liquid or quick-dip root-promoting paste, and then insert them into a light substrate; 3) Management: New roots will be produced on the cuttings 10-15 days after cutting. After 20-25 days, ventilation and light intensity will be gradually increased. Plants will be graded according to their height and stem and leaf volume to improve the uniformity of the seedlings and facilitate standardized production management.

2. The formula and method of use of a root growth promoting agent for catalpa ovata cuttings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The root promoting agent can be prepared into a root promoting liquid or a root promoting paste. The root promoting liquid is a solution of a mixture of three components: naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and paclobutrazol. The root promoting paste is a paste mixture of the root promoting liquid and talcum powder in a mass ratio of 2:

1.

3. The formula and method of use of a root growth promoting agent for catalpa ovata cuttings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), 2-3 cm of the base of the cuttings is immersed in the root-promoting solution for 3-5 minutes.

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