Rock mine slope protecting and repairing structure

Abstract

The invention provides a rock mine slope protection and restoration structure, and belongs to the technical field of slope ecological restoration, the rock mine slope protection and restoration structure comprises a slope main body, a reinforcing anchor rod, an L-shaped nail and a multi-stage gentle slope platform arranged on the slope main body, and further comprises a spraying maintenance assembly and an induction protection assembly; a multi-stage gentle slope belt, a drainage ditch and an intercepting ditch are arranged, a drainage system is constructed, the water content of a slope body is reduced, geological disasters are prevented, based on a high-performance soil-plant-microorganism composite technology, landform landscape restoration, geological disaster elimination and ecological system function restoration are considered, and ecological sustainable development is achieved; spraying is controlled according to the soil humidity, precise irrigation is achieved, and the water resource utilization efficiency is improved; an automatic cleaning mechanism in the water spraying pipe cleans the blockage by means of an electromagnet, a distance sensor and the like; in the early stage of heavy rainfall, related valves are controlled through a soil humidity sensor, so that the telescopic cylinders are unfolded to shield rain and prevent the substrate from sliding down, erosion to slope vegetation is relieved, and the stability of a slope body is favorably maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope ecological restoration, and in particular to a rock mine slope protection and restoration structure. Background Art

[0002] The construction of railways, highways, water conservancy projects, and mining projects has resulted in the excavation of mountains, which has led to the formation of a large number of slopes and high and steep slopes. These slopes and high and steep slopes are subject to various unstable factors and are prone to become frequent sites of geological disasters and engineering accidents such as landslides, collapses, and rockfalls, causing huge economic losses and adverse social impacts.

[0003] In the slope regreening work for the purpose of vegetation restoration at home and abroad, the spraying greening method is mostly used. Planting soil, fertilizer, water retaining agent, seeds and other materials are mixed into mud and sprayed on the rock or soil slope to form a layer of foreign soil, which then grows into vegetation to achieve the purpose of greening and ecological protection. At present, most of the slope spraying greening on the market is based on spraying mud substrates, which are easy to harden and crack, are not resistant to rain erosion, plant growth is slow, grass is easy to degenerate, the soil is not breathable, and the ability to retain water and fertilizer is poor; in addition, in the early stage of substrate growth, when encountering heavy rainfall, the impact of rain may directly damage the seedlings , washing seeds or seedlings out of the soil, resulting in a decrease in vegetation coverage. Since the mud base material is not resistant to rain erosion, during heavy rainfall, a large amount of foreign soil on the slope will be lost, increasing the instability of the slope and possibly causing landslides, mudslides and other geological disasters. In order to cope with the damage caused by heavy rainfall, more manpower, material and financial resources are needed for post-maintenance, such as re-seeding vegetation, repairing slopes, and adding fertilizers. This undoubtedly increases the cost and difficulty of slope regreening, and frequent maintenance work may cause secondary damage to the already grown vegetation, forming a vicious circle.

[0004] How to invent a rock mine slope protection and repair structure to solve these problems has become an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a rock mine slope protection and repair structure, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the above background.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that: The present invention provides a rock mine slope protection and repair structure, comprising a slope body, a reinforcement anchor rod, an L-shaped nail, and a multi-level gentle slope platform provided on the slope body, wherein the rock slope between the gentle slope platform and the gentle slope platform of the next level forms a gentle slope belt, a drainage ditch is provided along the length direction of the gentle slope platform, an intercepting ditch is provided between adjacent rock slopes, the intercepting ditch is connected to the drainage ditch on the gentle slope platform corresponding to the rock slope, a concrete hardened platform is provided on one side of the intercepting ditch facing the rock slope of the lower level, a reinforcement component is laid on the surface of the rock slope, and the reinforcement component is fixed by an L-shaped nail, and the reinforcement component comprises galvanized iron galvanized steel bars arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside A wire mesh, an ecological substrate A for a vegetation matrix layer, an ecological substrate B for a grass and shrub seed layer, an active protection net and a non-woven fabric, wherein an anchoring groove is provided on the top of the rock slope, and the edge of the galvanized wire mesh is fixed with wire and a reinforcing anchor rod, and one end of the reinforcing anchor rod is fixed in the rock slope through the anchoring groove; after the galvanized wire mesh is fixed, a special wet spraying device is used to spray the ecological substrate A for the vegetation matrix layer and the ecological substrate B for the grass and shrub seed layer in sequence onto the surface of the galvanized wire mesh, and an active protection net and an active protection net are covered on the outer surface of the ecological substrate B for the grass and shrub seed layer, and a plurality of soil moisture sensors distributed in a matrix are preset in the ecological substrate A for the vegetation matrix layer and the ecological substrate B for the grass and shrub seed layer, and further comprising: Spraying maintenance component: The spraying maintenance component is laid on the reinforcement component after the slope substrate is slightly hardened, and is electrically connected to the corresponding soil moisture sensor; Induction protection component: The induction protection component is arranged on one side of the spray maintenance component.

[0007] Preferably, the ecological substrate A of the vegetation matrix layer is provided with functional microbial agents, and the ecological substrate B of the grass, shrub and tree seeds are provided in the grass, shrub and tree seeds.

[0008] Preferably, the spray maintenance component includes a water pump and a nozzle, both ends of the water pump are respectively connected to a water outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe, the reinforcement component and the slope body are provided with a plurality of installation grooves matching the water inlet pipe, the plurality of water inlet pipes are connected to each other through a connecting pipe, the end of the connecting pipe is connected to an external water supply, a baffle is provided at the end of the water outlet pipe away from the water pump, a water outlet hole is formed through the baffle, a control valve is provided on the outer wall of the water outlet pipe close to the baffle, a sealing sleeve which is rotatably matched with the control valve is provided at the lower end of the nozzle, a fixed fan is fixedly connected to the inner top of the nozzle, a plurality of water spray pipes are equidistantly provided on the side walls of the nozzle, the two ends of the water spray pipe are respectively located inside and outside the nozzle, the end of the water spray pipe located inside the nozzle is fixedly connected to a water outlet plate, a plug is fixedly installed inside the water spray pipe, and a channel for water flow through is formed through the middle of the plug.

[0009] Preferably, the blades of the fixed fan are arranged obliquely, the water outlet is arranged eccentrically, and its end is facing the blades of the fixed fan, and the water pump is electrically connected to the corresponding soil moisture sensor.

[0010] Preferably, a piston rod is slidably connected to the inside of the water spray pipe, one end of the piston rod facing the inside of the nozzle is fixedly connected to a magnetic rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to a sealing cover, a limiting hole matching the magnetic rod is provided on the water outlet plate, one side of the piston rod facing the water outlet plate is fixed to the water outlet plate by spring 2, soft bristles are provided on the side wall of the piston rod located between the sealing cover and the plug, a sliding seal is arranged between the sealing cover and the inner cavity of the water spray pipe, and the piston rod matches the channel in the plug.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top wall of the baffle, an electromagnet is fixedly installed on the connecting rod, a distance sensor is fixedly installed on the end of the electromagnet, the cross-section of the electromagnet is an inclined L-shaped setting, the inclined end of the electromagnet is flush with the end face of the magnetic rod, there is a gap between the fixed fan and the electromagnet, the opposite surfaces of the electromagnet and the magnetic rod are magnetically set with different polarities when the electromagnet is energized, there is a gap between the end of the magnetic rod and the electromagnet, and the distance sensor is opposite to the magnetic rod when the electromagnet is coplanar with the corresponding water spray pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a solar panel is installed on the outer top wall of the nozzle, and a conductive module is connected to the bottom of the solar panel. The end of the conductive module passes through the connecting shaft of the fixed fan and is electrically connected to the electromagnet through a conductive slip ring. An insulating sleeve is provided on the outer side of the conductive module, and the distance sensor is electrically connected to the electromagnet.

[0013] Preferably, the induction protection component includes a telescopic cylinder and multiple mounting parts, the mounting parts are fixed on the side walls of the water pump and arranged toward the top of the slope, one side of the telescopic cylinder is installed and connected to multiple mounting parts in the same row, the telescopic cylinder is a corrugated sleeve, and the side walls of the telescopic cylinder on both sides opposite to the mounting parts are hard plates, and the interior of the telescopic cylinder is provided with multiple groups of multi-stage telescopic rods and spring 1, and the two ends of the multi-stage telescopic rods and spring 1 are respectively connected to the inner walls of two hard plates, a telescopic hose is arranged between the side wall of the water outlet pipe and the top of the telescopic cylinder, and a control valve for controlling the on-off of the telescopic hose pipeline is installed on the side wall of the water outlet pipe, and a drain outlet is connected to the bottom of the telescopic cylinder, and solenoid valves are installed in the water outlet hole and the drain outlet.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the telescopic cylinder is arranged parallel to the surface of the reinforcement component, the solenoid valve, the control valve and the soil moisture sensor are electrically connected, the bottom of the drain outlet is connected to a drain hose, and the end of the drain hose away from the drain outlet is fixed in the drain ditch.

[0015] Preferably, there is a gap between the bottom of the telescopic cylinder and the outer surface of the reinforcement component, the telescopic hose and the control valve are connected by a quick-release interface, and the telescopic cylinder is detachably arranged.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By setting up multi-level gentle slopes and planning drainage ditches and intercepting ditches on the gentle slopes, an efficient drainage system is constructed to quickly divert rainwater on the slope, reduce the water content of the slope, and effectively prevent geological disasters such as landslides and mudslides. By setting reinforcement components, reinforcement anchors and L-shaped nails on the rock slope, the rock slope, the ecological substrate A of the vegetation matrix layer, and the ecological substrate B of the grass and shrub layer are reinforced to improve the stability and safety of plant growth; the mine ecological restoration structure based on high-performance soil-plant-microorganism composite technology not only solves the problem of landform and landscape destruction on the mine slope, but also takes into account the elimination of slope geological disasters and the restoration of ecosystem functions, thereby achieving sustainable development of the ecological environment; at the same time, an automatic spraying maintenance component connected to a soil moisture sensor is also provided to realize automatic maintenance, ensure long-term greening, and inject lasting power into mine ecological restoration.

[0017] 2. The soil moisture sensor monitors soil moisture in real time, is electrically connected to the water pump, and automatically controls the spraying according to the humidity to achieve precise irrigation, avoid over-watering or under-watering, and improve the efficiency of water resource utilization; the unique design of the nozzle makes the water spray impact the fixed fan, drive the nozzle to rotate, expand the spray coverage, ensure that the slope vegetation can get sufficient water nourishment, improve the survival rate and growth quality of vegetation; the automatic cleaning mechanism in the sprinkler pipe uses structures such as electromagnets, distance sensors and piston rods to detect and clean blockages, ensure the smooth flow of the sprinkler pipe, reduce manual maintenance, and improve the reliability and stability of the sprinkler system; the solar panel powers the electromagnet, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and ensures the normal operation of the automatic cleaning function in complex environments, reducing dependence on external power supplies.

[0018] 3. When there is heavy rainfall at the initial stage of maintenance, the inductive protection component transmits information through the soil moisture sensor to control the solenoid valve and the control valve, so that the telescopic cylinder can be deployed to block the rain and prevent the substrate from sliding down, which reduces the erosion of the vegetation on the slope, helps to maintain the stability of the slope, and reduces the probability of geological disasters such as landslides and collapses. After the rainfall, the water is automatically drained to restore the initial state to avoid secondary impact of accumulated water on the slope and ensure the continuous normal operation of the equipment. There is a gap between the bottom of the telescopic cylinder and the reinforcement component to reduce the impact on the initial substrate growth and water pressure. The telescopic cylinder is detachable and the interface with the control valve is quick-detachable. When the plant grows to a certain extent, it can be removed for secondary use, which reduces the cost of equipment use and improves resource utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a right view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the telescopic cylinder of the present invention is not installed; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a right side schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 7 The present invention Figure 6 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 8 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 8 The enlarged structural diagram at C in the middle; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the soil moisture sensor of the present invention; Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plant after growth of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the reinforcement component of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Slope body; 2. Concrete hardening platform; 3. Reinforcement components; 4. Water pump; 5. Telescopic cylinder; 6. Water outlet pipe; 7. Sprinkler; 8. Solar panel; 9. Sprinkler pipe; 11. Drainage ditch; 12. Anchor ditch; 21. Intercepting ditch; 30. L-shaped nail; 31. Galvanized wire mesh; 32. Ecological substrate A of vegetation matrix layer; 33. Ecological substrate B of grass and shrub seed layer; 34. Active protection net; 35. Non-woven fabric; 36. Soil moisture sensor; 41. Water inlet pipe; 42. Installation part; 43. Installation slot; 51. Hard board; 52. Multi-stage telescopic rod; 53. Spring 1; 54. Drain outlet; 61. Baffle; 62. Connecting rod; 63. Electromagnet; 64. Distance sensor; 65. Control valve; 66. Telescopic hose; 71. Fixed fan; 72. Sealing ferrule; 81. Conductive module; 90. Water outlet plate; 91. Plug; 92. Piston rod; 121. Reinforcement anchor rod; 321. Functional microbial agent; 331. Grass, shrub and tree seeds; 611. Water outlet; 921. Sealing cover; 922. Spring 2; 923. Soft bristles; 924. Magnetic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1, refer to Figure 1-Figure 12A rock mine slope protection and repair structure, comprising a slope body 1, a reinforcement anchor rod 121, an L-shaped nail 30 and a multi-level gentle slope platform on the slope body 1, the rock slope between the gentle slope platform and the gentle slope platform of the next level forms a gentle slope belt, a drainage ditch 11 is opened along the length of the gentle slope platform, a water interception ditch 21 is opened between adjacent rock slopes, the water interception ditch 21 is connected to the drainage ditch 11 on the gentle slope platform corresponding to the rock slope, a concrete hardening platform 2 is provided on one side of the water interception ditch 21 facing the lower rock slope, a reinforcement component 3 is laid on the surface of the rock slope, and the reinforcement component 3 is fixed by an L-shaped nail 30, and the reinforcement component 3 includes a galvanized wire mesh 31, a vegetation matrix layer ecological substrate A32, and a grass and shrub seed layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. Ecological substrate B33, active protection net 34 and non-woven fabric 35, an anchoring groove 12 is opened on the top of the rock slope, the edge of the galvanized wire mesh 31 is fixed with wire and a reinforcing anchor rod 121, and one end of the reinforcing anchor rod 121 is fixed in the rock slope through the anchoring groove 12; after the galvanized wire mesh 31 is fixed, a special wet spraying equipment is used to spray the vegetation matrix layer ecological substrate A32 and the grass and shrub seed layer ecological substrate B33 in sequence onto the surface of the galvanized wire mesh 31, and the active protection net 34 and the active protection net 34 are covered on the outer surface of the grass and shrub seed layer ecological substrate B33, and a plurality of soil moisture sensors 36 distributed in a matrix are preset in the vegetation matrix layer ecological substrate A32 and the grass and shrub seed layer ecological substrate B33, which can monitor the humidity of the soil at different positions in real time, and also include: Spraying maintenance component: The spraying maintenance component is laid on the reinforcement component 3 after the slope substrate is slightly hardened, and is electrically connected to the corresponding soil moisture sensor 36; Induction protection component: The induction protection component is arranged on one side of the spray maintenance component.

[0024] Furthermore, the ecological substrate A32 of the vegetation matrix layer is provided with a functional microbial agent 321, and the ecological substrate B33 of the grass, shrub and tree seed layer is provided with grass, shrub and tree seeds 331.

[0025] In this embodiment, the multi-level gentle slope platform, gentle slope belt, drainage ditch 11 and intercepting ditch 21 together constitute a complete drainage and slope optimization system. The gentle slope platform and gentle slope belt can reduce the overall slope of the slope, reduce the sliding force on the slope, and make the slope more stable. When rainwater falls on the slope, the intercepting ditch 21 will first intercept the rainwater flowing down from the top of the slope to prevent it from directly eroding the slope surface. The water in the intercepting ditch 21 will flow into the drainage ditch 11 on the corresponding gentle slope platform along the connected channel, and then the water will be guided to a safe area for discharge through the drainage ditch 11 to avoid excessive water on the slope surface causing soil saturation and reduced strength, which may cause geological disasters such as landslides. The concrete hardened platform 2 enhances the structural strength of one side of the intercepting ditch 21 to prevent collapse caused by water erosion.

[0026] The galvanized wire mesh 31 is laid on the surface of the rocky slope. With its grid structure, it fits tightly with the rocky slope, and plays a preliminary restraining role on the loose rocks and soil on the slope surface to prevent them from falling. The vegetation matrix layer ecological substrate A32 is sprayed on the galvanized wire mesh 31, and the functional microbial agent 321 therein begins to play a role. These microorganisms can decompose organic matter in the soil and release nutrients required for plant growth, while improving the air permeability and water retention of the soil, creating a good soil environment for the subsequent growth of grass, shrub and tree seeds 331. The grass, shrub and tree seeds 331 in the grass, shrub and tree seed layer ecological substrate B33 begin to germinate and grow under suitable conditions. As the plant roots grow, they will penetrate into the vegetation matrix layer ecological substrate A32 and the rocky slope, further fixing the soil and enhancing the stability of the slope. The active protection net 34 The outer surface of the ecological substrate B33 covering the grass and shrub seed layer can effectively intercept rocks and other objects that may fall from the slope, playing a role of secondary protection. The non-woven fabric 35 can reduce water evaporation, maintain the humidity of the slope surface, and provide more favorable moisture conditions for plant growth. At the same time, it can also prevent rain from directly scouring the slope surface and reduce soil erosion. One end of the reinforcement anchor rod 121 penetrates into the rock slope through the anchor groove 12, and the other end is fixed to the edge of the galvanized wire mesh 31 with wire. The anchor rod uses its own anchoring force to tightly connect the galvanized wire mesh 31 to the rock slope, so that the entire reinforcement component 3 can be better attached to the slope surface, enhancing the stability of the reinforcement component 3. The L-shaped nails 30 fix the reinforcement component 3 to the rock slope from multiple positions to prevent it from being displaced or falling off under the influence of external forces such as rain scouring and wind action.

[0027] Through the combined effect of structures such as multi-level gentle slope platforms, drainage ditches 11, intercepting ditches 21, concrete hardened platforms 2, reinforced anchor rods 121, and galvanized wire mesh 31, the slope gradient is effectively reduced, the anti-slip ability of the slope is enhanced, the risk of geological disasters such as landslides and collapses is reduced, the stability of the slope is guaranteed, and the surrounding environment and personnel safety are protected; the functional microbial agent 321 in the ecological substrate A32 of the vegetation matrix layer and the grass, shrub and tree seeds 331 in the ecological substrate B33 of the grass and shrub seed layer cooperate with each other to provide good soil conditions for vegetation growth. and seed sources, as the plants grow, the vegetation coverage rate gradually increases, which can not only beautify the environment, but also improve the ecosystem, increase biodiversity, and promote the natural restoration of mine ecology; the active protection net 34 and the non-woven fabric 35 respectively protect and protect the slope and vegetation from the aspects of intercepting falling objects, maintaining soil moisture, and reducing rain erosion. The active protection net 34 can prevent rocks on the slope from falling and causing harm to the personnel and facilities below, and the non-woven fabric 35 helps to maintain soil moisture, improve the survival rate of plants, and promote the healthy growth of vegetation.

[0028] In the management of high and steep rock slopes, multi-level gentle slopes are innovatively set up, and drainage ditches 11 and intercepting ditches 21 are scientifically planned on the gentle slopes to build an efficient drainage system, quickly divert rainwater from the slope, reduce the water content of the slope, and effectively prevent geological disasters such as landslides and mudslides. By setting reinforcement components 3, reinforcement anchor rods 121 and L-shaped nails 30 on the rock slope, the rock slope, the ecological substrate A32 of the vegetation matrix layer, and the ecological substrate B33 of the grass and shrub layer are reinforced to improve the stability and safety of plant growth; the mine ecological restoration structure based on high-performance soil-plant-microorganism composite technology not only solves the problem of landform and landscape destruction on the mine slope, but also takes into account the elimination of slope geological disasters and the restoration of ecosystem functions to achieve sustainable development of the ecological environment; at the same time, an automatic spraying maintenance component connected to a soil moisture sensor 36 is also provided to realize automatic maintenance, ensure long-term greening, and inject lasting power into mine ecological restoration.

[0029] Example 2, refer to Figure 2-Figure 7 The spray maintenance assembly includes a water pump 4 and a nozzle 7. The two ends of the water pump 4 are respectively connected to a water outlet pipe 6 and a water inlet pipe 41. The reinforcement assembly 3 and the slope body are provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 43 matching the water inlet pipe 41. The plurality of water inlet pipes 41 are connected through a connecting pipe. The end of the connecting pipe is connected to an external water supply. A baffle 61 is provided at the end of the water outlet pipe 6 away from the water pump 4. A water outlet hole 611 is provided through the baffle 61. The outer side of the water outlet pipe 6 near the baffle 61 A control valve 65 is provided on the wall, and a sealing sleeve 72 which is sealably rotatably matched with the control valve 65 is provided at the lower end of the nozzle 7. A fixed fan 71 is fixedly connected to the inner top of the nozzle 7, and a plurality of groups of water spray pipes 9 are equidistantly provided on the side wall of the nozzle 7. The two ends of the water spray pipes 9 are respectively located inside and outside the nozzle 7. A water outlet plate 90 is fixedly connected to the end of the water spray pipe 9 located inside the nozzle 7, and a plug 91 is fixedly installed inside the water spray pipe 9. A channel for water flow is provided through the middle of the plug 91.

[0030] Furthermore, the blades of the fixed fan 71 are inclined, the water outlet 611 is eccentrically arranged, and its end is facing the blades of the fixed fan 71. When water is sprayed out from the water outlet 611, it will impact the blades of the fixed fan 71. Due to the inclination of the blades, the impact force of the water flow will be converted into a force to rotate the fixed fan 71, thereby driving the nozzle 7 to rotate. As the nozzle 7 rotates, the water pipe 9 can spray a larger range, thereby improving the uniformity and coverage area of ​​the spraying, ensuring that the vegetation on the entire slope can be fully nourished with water. The water pump 4 is electrically connected to the corresponding soil moisture sensor 36. When the soil moisture sensor 36 detects that the soil moisture is lower than the set threshold, it will send a signal to the water pump 4, and the water pump 4 will start, and water will be pumped from an external water supply source through the water inlet pipe 41, and then the water will be transported to the nozzle 7 through the water outlet pipe 6 for spraying. Such a setting can automatically control the spraying according to the actual soil moisture, avoid over-watering or under-watering, achieve precise irrigation, and meet the water needs of plant growth.

[0031] It should be noted that the inside of the water spray pipe 9 is slidably connected with a piston rod 92, one end of the piston rod 92 facing the inside of the nozzle 7 is fixedly connected with a magnetic rod 924, and the other end is fixedly connected with a sealing cover 921. The water outlet plate 90 is provided with a limiting hole matching the magnetic rod 924. The side of the piston rod 92 facing the water outlet plate 90 is fixed to the water outlet plate 90 by a spring 922. The side wall of the piston rod 92 located between the sealing cover 921 and the plug 91 is provided with soft bristles 923. The sealing cover 921 and the inner cavity of the water spray pipe 9 A sliding seal is set between them, and the piston rod 92 matches the channel in the plug 91. When the spray maintenance component is not started, under the action of the second spring 922, the sealing cover 921 can effectively block the water spray pipe 9 to prevent the water spray pipe 9 from being blocked due to the entry of external impurities. When the water pump 4 is started, this water flow drives the spray head 7 to rotate on the one hand, and the other part overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 922 to push the piston rod 92 and the sealing cover 921 to move outward to open the closed water spray pipe 9 and realize the spraying operation.

[0032] Furthermore, a connecting rod 62 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the baffle 61, an electromagnet 63 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 62, a distance sensor 64 is fixedly installed on the end of the electromagnet 63, the cross section of the electromagnet 63 is an inclined L-shaped setting, the inclined end of the electromagnet 63 is flush with the end face of the magnetic rod 924, there is a gap between the fixed fan 71 and the electromagnet 63 to avoid interference with the rotation of the nozzle 7, when the electromagnet 63 is energized, the opposing surfaces of the electromagnet 63 and the magnetic rod 924 are magnetically set with different polarities, there is a gap between the end of the magnetic rod 924 and the electromagnet 63, when the electromagnet 63 is coplanar with the corresponding water spray pipe 9, the distance sensor 64 is opposite to the magnetic rod 924, at this time, if the electromagnet 63 is energized, the magnetic rod 924 can be generated At the same time, the relative position of the magnetic rod 924 can be judged by the distance sensor 64, so as to judge the water flow pressure in each water spray pipe 9, and detect whether the inside of the water spray pipe 9 is blocked; when blockage occurs, the electromagnet 63 can be energized, and when the corresponding magnetic rod 924 is directly opposite to the electromagnet 63, at this time, under the action of magnetic force, the magnetic rod 924 will overcome the water flow pressure and drive the piston rod 92 to move inward, and as it continues to rotate, the magnetic force between the two decreases, and the magnetic rod 924 will move in the opposite direction under the action of water flow pressure. In this process, the soft bristles 923 and the piston rod 92 will continuously reciprocate through the plug 91 and the water spray pipe 9, clean the plug 91 and the inner wall of the water spray pipe 9, and remove possible impurities and blockages.

[0033] It should be noted that a solar panel 8 is installed on the outer top wall of the nozzle 7, and a conductive module 81 is connected to the bottom of the solar panel 8. The end of the conductive module 81 passes through the connecting shaft of the fixed fan 71 and is electrically connected to the electromagnet 63 through a conductive slip ring. An insulating sleeve is provided on the outer side of the conductive module 81 to prevent leakage and ensure safe operation of the system. The distance sensor 64 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 63. The solar panel 8 converts solar energy into electrical energy and supplies power to the electromagnet 63 through the conductive module 81 and the conductive slip ring. The use of solar energy for power supply is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and can ensure that in complex environments such as mines, even if the external power supply is inconvenient, the automatic cleaning function of the spray maintenance component can operate normally, thereby improving the independence and reliability of the system.

[0034] In this embodiment, the soil moisture sensor 36 is pre-buried in the ecological substrate A32 of the plant matrix layer and the ecological substrate B33 of the grass and shrub layer, and is distributed in a matrix, which can monitor the soil moisture in real time. When the soil moisture is detected to be lower than the set threshold, the soil moisture sensor 36 will send a signal to the water pump 4 electrically connected thereto. After receiving the signal, the water pump 4 starts to pump water from an external water supply source through the water inlet pipe 41. The water inlet pipe 41 is installed in the reinforcement component 3 and the installation groove 43 opened in the slope body. Multiple water inlet pipes 41 are connected through connecting pipes to ensure that the water source can be stably supplied. After the water is pumped to the water pump 4, it is transported to the nozzle 7 through the outlet pipe 6 for spraying.

[0035] Because a baffle 61 is provided at the end of the water outlet pipe 6 away from the water pump 4, the water outlet hole 611 on the baffle 61 is eccentrically arranged, and its end is directly opposite to the inclined blades of the fixed fan 71 at the top of the nozzle 7. When water is sprayed out from the water outlet hole 611, it will impact the blades of the fixed fan 71. Since the blades are inclined, the impact force of the water flow will be converted into a force to rotate the fixed fan 71. The rotation of the fixed fan 71 will drive the nozzle 7 connected thereto to rotate. The sealing sleeve 72 at the lower end of the nozzle 7 and the control valve 65 on the outer wall of the water outlet pipe 6 are sealed and rotated to ensure the sealing and stability of the nozzle 7 when it rotates. As the nozzle 7 rotates, multiple groups of water spray pipes 9 equidistantly arranged on its side wall can spray a larger range.

[0036] When the spray maintenance component is not started, the piston rod 92 inside the water spray pipe 9, under the action of the spring 2 922, causes the sealing cover 921 to block the water spray pipe 9 to prevent external impurities from entering and causing the water spray pipe 9 to be blocked. When the water pump 4 is started, the water flow drives the nozzle 7 to rotate on the one hand, and the pressure generated by the other part of the water flow will overcome the elastic force of the spring 2 922, pushing the piston rod 92 and the sealing cover 921 to move outward, thereby opening the closed water spray pipe 9 and realizing the spraying operation.

[0037] When the electromagnet 63 and the corresponding water spray pipe 9 are in the same plane, the distance sensor 64 is directly opposite to the magnetic rod 924 in the water spray pipe 9. The relative position of the magnetic rod 924 can be determined by the distance sensor 64, and then the water flow pressure in each water spray pipe 9 can be determined to detect whether the inside of the water spray pipe 9 is blocked. When the water spray pipe 9 is detected to be blocked, the electromagnet 63 is energized. Since the opposite surfaces of the electromagnet 63 and the magnetic rod 924 are set with different polarities, an attraction is generated on the magnetic rod 924. When the corresponding magnetic rod 924 is blocked, the electromagnet 63 is energized. When the rod 924 is facing the electromagnet 63, under the action of magnetic force, the magnetic rod 924 will overcome the water flow pressure and drive the piston rod 92 to move inward. As the nozzle 7 continues to rotate, the magnetic force between the electromagnet 63 and the magnetic rod 924 decreases, and the magnetic rod 924 will move in the opposite direction under the action of the water flow pressure. In this process, the soft bristles 923 on the side wall of the piston rod 92 will continuously reciprocate through the plug 91 and the water spray pipe 9 to clean the inner wall of the plug 91 and the water spray pipe 9 to remove impurities and blockages.

[0038] By electrically connecting the soil moisture sensor 36 with the water pump 4, the spraying is automatically controlled according to the actual soil moisture, avoiding the waste of water resources and soil nutrient loss caused by excessive watering, and preventing the growth of plants from being affected by insufficient watering. It can accurately meet the water needs of plant growth and improve the utilization efficiency of water resources; the rotating design of the nozzle 7 enables the water spray pipe 9 to spray a larger range, improves the uniformity and coverage area of ​​the spraying, ensures that the vegetation on the entire slope can be fully nourished by water, is conducive to the balanced growth of vegetation, and improves the survival rate and growth quality of vegetation; when the spray maintenance component is not started, the sealing cover 921 can effectively block the water spray pipe 9 to prevent external impurities from entering and causing blockage At the same time, the automatic cleaning mechanism inside the water spray pipe 9 can clean it in time when blockage is detected, ensuring the smooth flow of the water spray pipe 9, reducing the workload of manual maintenance, and improving the reliability and stability of the spray system; the electromagnet 63 and the distance sensor 64 are used to realize the intelligent detection and automatic cleaning of the blockage of the water spray pipe 9, which can timely discover and solve the blockage problem of the water spray pipe 9, avoid affecting the spraying effect due to blockage, and ensure the normal operation of the spray system; the solar panel 8 supplies power to the electromagnet 63, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and improves the independence and reliability of the system in the mine. Even if the external power supply is inconvenient, the automatic cleaning function of the spray maintenance component can also operate normally, reducing the dependence on the external power supply.

[0039] Example 3, refer to Figure 6-Figure 10 The induction protection component includes a telescopic cylinder 5 and a plurality of mounting portions 42. The mounting portion 42 is fixed on the side wall of the water pump 4 and arranged toward the top of the slope. One side of the telescopic cylinder 5 is installed and connected to the plurality of mounting portions 42 in the same row. The telescopic cylinder 5 is a corrugated sleeve. The side walls of the telescopic cylinder 5 on both sides opposite to the mounting portion 42 are both hard plates 51. The interior of the telescopic cylinder 5 is provided with a plurality of groups of multi-stage telescopic rods 52 and a spring 53. The two ends of the multi-stage telescopic rod 52 and the spring 53 are respectively connected to the inner walls of the two hard plates 51. The arrangement can maintain the relative shape stability of the telescopic cylinder 5 and ensure that it can only be extended and retracted along the direction of the multi-stage telescopic rod 52. A telescopic hose 66 is arranged between the side wall of the water outlet pipe 6 and the top of the telescopic cylinder 5. A control valve 65 for controlling the on-off of the telescopic hose 66 is installed on the side wall of the water outlet pipe 6. The bottom of the telescopic cylinder 5 is through-connected with a drain outlet 54. Solenoid valves are installed in the water outlet hole 611 and the drain outlet 54. Under normal circumstances, the solenoid valve in the water outlet hole 611 is in an open state, and the control valve 65 is in a closed state.

[0040] Furthermore, the bottom of the telescopic cylinder 5 is arranged parallel to the surface of the reinforcement component 3, and the solenoid valve, the control valve 65 and the soil moisture sensor 36 are electrically connected. In the initial stage of maintenance, if heavy rainfall occurs, multiple soil moisture sensors 36 will receive this information and send it to the water pump 4 and the solenoid valve and the control valve 65 in the water outlet 611. At this time, the solenoid valve in the water outlet 611 is closed, and the control valve 65 is opened. The water pumped out by the water pump 4 enters the telescopic cylinder 5 through the telescopic hose 66, and pushes the telescopic cylinder 5 to unfold upward along the slope. After unfolding to a certain extent, the water pump 4 is closed to play a role in blocking rain and preventing the substrate from sliding down. The bottom of the drain outlet 54 is connected to a drainage hose, and the end of the drainage hose away from the drain outlet 54 is fixed in the drainage ditch 11. When the rainfall ends and drainage is needed, the solenoid valve in the drain outlet 54 will be opened. Under the action of the spring 1 53, the water in the telescopic cylinder 5 can be smoothly discharged from the drain outlet 54, and the telescopic cylinder 5 returns to its initial state.

[0041] It should be noted that there is a gap between the bottom of the telescopic tube 5 and the outer surface of the reinforcement component 3 to avoid affecting the initial growth of the substrate, while also reducing the pressure of the water flow in the telescopic tube 5 on the substrate. The telescopic hose 66 and the control valve 65 are connected by a quick-release interface. The telescopic tube 5 is detachable. When the plant grows to a certain extent, the telescopic tube 5 can be removed as a whole and can be reused without affecting the normal development of the plant.

[0042] In this embodiment, under normal circumstances, the solenoid valve in the water outlet 611 in the induction protection component is in an open state, and the control valve 65 is in a closed state. At this time, the water pumped out by the water pump 4 will flow out normally from the water outlet 611 through the water outlet pipe 6, and the slope surface will be sprayed and maintained through the nozzle 7 to meet the moisture required for plant growth. The telescopic cylinder 5 is in an initial state, the multi-stage telescopic rod 52 and the spring 1 53 maintain their relative shape stability, and the telescopic cylinder 5 will not unfold.

[0043] In the early stage of maintenance, when encountering heavy rainfall, multiple soil moisture sensors 36 distributed in the ecological substrate A32 of the vegetation matrix layer and the ecological substrate B33 of the grass and shrub layer will simultaneously detect the information of the sharp increase in soil moisture. These sensors send the information to the water pump 4, the solenoid valve in the water outlet 611 and the control valve 65. After receiving the signal, the solenoid valve in the water outlet 611 is closed, cutting off the normal spray water path; the control valve 65 is opened, so that the water pumped out by the water pump 4 enters the telescopic cylinder 5 through the telescopic hose 66. As the water continues to enter the telescopic cylinder 5, the internal pressure increases, pushing the telescopic cylinder 5 to expand upward along the slope. The multi-stage telescopic rod 52 ensures that the telescopic cylinder 5 will only expand and contract along the set direction, ensuring the stability of the expansion process. When the telescopic cylinder 5 is expanded to a certain extent, the water pump 4 is turned off. At this time, the telescopic cylinder 5 plays a role in shielding rain, reducing the direct erosion of rainwater on the slope matrix, and preventing the matrix from sliding down under the erosion of rainwater.

[0044] After the rainfall is over, the accumulated water in the telescopic cylinder 5 needs to be discharged. At this time, the solenoid valve in the drain port 54 is opened. Under the elastic action of the spring 53, the telescopic cylinder 5 begins to contract, squeezing the internal water out of the drain port 54. The water flows into the drain ditch 11 through the drain hose connected to the bottom of the drain port 54 and is finally discharged from the system. As the water is discharged, the telescopic cylinder 5 gradually returns to its initial state, waiting for the next work instruction.

[0045] When the plant grows to a certain extent, since the telescopic hose 66 and the control valve 65 are connected by a quick-release interface and the telescopic cylinder 5 is detachable, the telescopic cylinder 5 can be removed as a whole and reused without affecting the normal development of the plant.

[0046] In the early stage of maintenance, when encountering heavy rainfall, the telescopic cylinder 5 can be deployed in time to play the role of blocking rain and preventing the substrate from sliding down. Heavy rainfall may cause the slope substrate to be washed away, affecting the growth environment of plants and even causing geological disasters such as slope landslides. Through the protection of the telescopic cylinder 5, these adverse effects can be reduced, the stability of the slope substrate can be protected, and good basic conditions for plant growth can be provided; the inductive protection component realizes intelligent response to environmental changes through the electrical connection between the soil moisture sensor 36 and the solenoid valve and the control valve 65, and can automatically adjust the working state according to the actual rainfall situation without manual intervention, thereby improving the timeliness and accuracy of protection and reducing the cost and workload of manual management; after the rainfall is over, the telescopic cylinder 5 can be deployed in time to prevent the slope substrate from sliding down and the slope substrate from sliding down and the slope substrate from sliding down. The water is automatically drained under the action of spring 53 and returns to its initial state. This automatic drainage function avoids the secondary impact of water accumulation in the telescopic cylinder 5 on the slope, and also ensures that the telescopic cylinder 5 can continue to work normally, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the equipment. There is a gap between the bottom of the telescopic cylinder 5 and the outer surface of the reinforcement component 3, thereby avoiding the impact on the growth of the initial substrate during the operation of the telescopic cylinder 5, and reducing the pressure of the water flow in the telescopic cylinder 5 on the substrate. After the plant grows to a certain extent, the telescopic cylinder 5 can be removed as a whole, which will not affect the normal development of the plant. The telescopic cylinder 5 is detachable and can be reused after being removed in the later stage of plant growth, thereby reducing the use cost of the equipment, improving the utilization efficiency of resources, and conforming to the concept of sustainable development.

[0047] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the water pump 4, distance sensor 64, soil moisture sensor 36, etc. need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device, and the specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock mine slope protection and repair structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a slope body (1), a reinforcement anchor rod (121), an L-shaped nail (30), and a multi-level gentle slope platform provided on the slope body (1); the rock slope between the gentle slope platform and the gentle slope platform of the next level forms a gentle slope belt; a drainage ditch (11) is provided along the length of the gentle slope platform; a water interception ditch (21) is provided between adjacent rock slopes; the water interception ditch (21) is connected to the drainage ditch (11) on the gentle slope platform corresponding to the rock slope; a concrete hardening platform (2) is provided on one side of the water interception ditch (21) facing the rock slope of the next level; a reinforcement component (3) is laid on the surface of the rock slope; and the reinforcement component (3) is fixed by means of the L-shaped nail (30); the reinforcement component (3) comprises a galvanized wire mesh (31), a vegetation matrix layer ecological substrate A (32), a grass and shrub seed layer, and a plurality of other components arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. An ecological substrate B (33), an active protection net (34) and a non-woven fabric (35); an anchoring groove (12) is provided at the top of the rock slope; the edge of the galvanized wire mesh (31) is fixed by wire and a reinforcing anchor rod (121); one end of the reinforcing anchor rod (121) is fixed in the rock slope through the anchoring groove (12); after the galvanized wire mesh (31) is fixed, a special wet spraying device is used to spray the vegetation matrix layer ecological substrate A (32) and the grass and shrub seed layer ecological substrate B (33) in sequence onto the surface of the galvanized wire mesh (31); and the active protection net (34) and the active protection net (34) are covered on the outer surface of the grass and shrub seed layer ecological substrate B (33); a plurality of soil moisture sensors (36) distributed in a matrix are preset in the vegetation matrix layer ecological substrate A (32) and the grass and shrub seed layer ecological substrate B (33); and the invention also includes: Spraying maintenance component: the spraying maintenance component is laid on the reinforcement component (3) after the slope base material is slightly hardened, and is electrically connected to the corresponding soil moisture sensor (36); Induction protection component: The induction protection component is arranged on one side of the spray maintenance component.

2. A rock mine slope protection and repair structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vegetation matrix layer ecological substrate A (32) is provided with a functional microbial agent (321), and the grass, shrub and tree seeds (331) are provided with the grass, shrub and tree seeds (331) in the grass, shrub and tree seed layer ecological substrate B (33).

3. A rock mine slope protection and repair structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray maintenance component comprises a water pump (4) and a spray head (7); the two ends of the water pump (4) are respectively connected to a water outlet pipe (6) and a water inlet pipe (41); the reinforcement component (3) and the slope body are provided with a plurality of mounting grooves (43) matching the water inlet pipes (41); the plurality of water inlet pipes (41) are connected to each other via a connecting pipe; the end of the connecting pipe is connected to an external water supply; a baffle (61) is provided at the end of the water outlet pipe (6) away from the water pump (4); a water outlet hole (611) is formed through the baffle (61); and the outer side of the water outlet pipe (6) near the baffle (61) is provided with a water outlet hole (611). A control valve (65) is provided on the wall, a sealing sleeve (72) is provided at the lower end of the nozzle (7) and is sealably rotatably matched with the control valve (65), a fixed fan (71) is fixedly connected to the inner top of the nozzle (7), a plurality of groups of water spray pipes (9) are equidistantly provided on the side wall of the nozzle (7), the two ends of the water spray pipes (9) are respectively located inside and outside the nozzle (7), a water outlet plate (90) is fixedly connected to the end of the water spray pipe (9) located inside the nozzle (7), a plug (91) is fixedly installed inside the water spray pipe (9), and a channel for water flow to pass through is provided in the middle of the plug (91).

4. A rock mine slope protection and repair structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blades of the fixed fan (71) are arranged obliquely, the water outlet hole (611) is arranged eccentrically, and its end is directly opposite to the blades of the fixed fan (71), and the water pump (4) is electrically connected to the corresponding soil moisture sensor (36).

5. A rock mine slope protection and repair structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The interior of the water spray pipe (9) is slidably connected to a piston rod (92); one end of the piston rod (92) facing the inside of the spray head (7) is fixedly connected to a magnetic rod (924), and the other end is fixedly connected to a sealing cover (921); a limiting hole matching the magnetic rod (924) is provided on the water outlet plate (90); one side of the piston rod (92) facing the water outlet plate (90) is fixed to the water outlet plate (90) by a second spring (922); a side wall of the piston rod (92) located between the sealing cover (921) and the plug (91) is provided with soft bristles (923); a sliding seal is arranged between the sealing cover (921) and the inner cavity of the water spray pipe (9); and the piston rod (92) matches a channel in the plug (91).

6. A rock mine slope protection and repair structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting rod (62) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the baffle (61), an electromagnet (63) is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod (62), a distance sensor (64) is fixedly mounted on the end of the electromagnet (63), the cross section of the electromagnet (63) is an inclined L-shaped setting, the inclined end of the electromagnet (63) is flush with the end surface of the magnetic rod (924), a gap exists between the fixed fan (71) and the electromagnet (63), the opposing surfaces of the electromagnet (63) and the magnetic rod (924) are magnetically arranged with different polarities when the electromagnet (63) is energized, a gap exists between the end of the magnetic rod (924) and the electromagnet (63), and the distance sensor (64) and the magnetic rod (924) are directly opposite when the electromagnet (63) and the corresponding water spray pipe (9) are coplanar.

7. A rock mine slope protection and repair structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A solar panel (8) is mounted on the outer top wall of the nozzle (7); a conductive module (81) is connected to the bottom of the solar panel (8); an end of the conductive module (81) passes through the connecting shaft of the fixed fan (71) and is electrically connected to the electromagnet (63) via a conductive slip ring; an insulating sleeve is provided on the outer side of the conductive module (81); and the distance sensor (64) is electrically connected to the electromagnet (63).

8. The rock mine slope protection and repair structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The induction protection assembly comprises a telescopic cylinder (5) and a plurality of mounting portions (42), wherein the mounting portion (42) is fixed on a side wall of a water pump (4) and arranged toward the top of a slope, one side of the telescopic cylinder (5) is mounted and connected to a plurality of mounting portions (42) in the same row, the telescopic cylinder (5) is a corrugated sleeve, and both side walls of the telescopic cylinder (5) opposite to the mounting portion (42) are hard plates (51), and a plurality of groups of multi-stage telescopic rods (52) and a spring (53) are arranged inside the telescopic cylinder (5). ), the two ends of the multi-stage telescopic rod (52) and the spring (53) are respectively connected to the inner walls of the two hard plates (51), a telescopic hose (66) is provided between the side wall of the water outlet pipe (6) and the top of the telescopic cylinder (5), a control valve (65) for controlling the on-off of the telescopic hose (66) is installed on the side wall of the water outlet pipe (6), a drain outlet (54) is connected through the bottom of the telescopic cylinder (5), and electromagnetic valves are installed in the water outlet hole (611) and the drain outlet (54).

9. A rock mine slope protection and repair structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the telescopic cylinder (5) is arranged parallel to the surface of the reinforcement component (3); the solenoid valve, the control valve (65) and the soil moisture sensor (36) are electrically connected; the bottom of the drainage port (54) is connected to a drainage hose; the end of the drainage hose away from the drainage port (54) is fixed in the drainage ditch (11).

10. A rock mine slope protection and repair structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: There is a gap between the bottom of the telescopic cylinder (5) and the outer surface of the reinforcement component (3); the telescopic hose (66) and the control valve (65) are connected by a quick-release interface; and the telescopic cylinder (5) is detachably arranged.

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