A frozen soil frost heaving deformation experiment device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of frozen soil deformation detection, and discloses a frozen soil frost heaving deformation experiment device and method, which comprises a low-temperature test box, a lead screw shaft, a bearing plate, a sliding plate and a half gear. The lead screw shaft is arranged, after detection, the rotation of the lead screw shaft drives the rocker arm to change, the bearing plate with the frozen soil test block is ejected from the low-temperature test box, the operator can conveniently dismount the frozen soil test block and the bearing plate, the possibility of frostbite is reduced, the frozen soil test block and the bearing plate are mounted and dismounted together in the later stage, the dismounting efficiency is not affected by the fact that the frozen soil test block is bonded to the bearing plate, when the bearing plate moves upwards, the sliding plate can be finally moved out of the sliding hole, the automatic unlocking purpose is achieved, the guide rack on the sliding plate is engaged with the half gear to rotate, the rocker plate is driven to rotate to the vertical state, the dismounting efficiency is improved, and the safety is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of frozen soil deformation detection technology, specifically, it relates to a frozen soil frost heave deformation test device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering construction in cold regions, the frost heave deformation characteristics of permafrost play a crucial role in the stability of the project. To thoroughly investigate this characteristic, precise experimental apparatus and methods are required. However, existing experimental apparatus for permafrost heave deformation has significant shortcomings.

[0003] Existing cooling devices and low-temperature test chambers result in extremely low internal temperatures after testing. Operators face frostbite risks when handling frozen soil samples, seriously threatening their personal safety. Furthermore, due to the low temperature and freezing of moisture, frozen soil samples easily stick to the bottom plate of the test chamber. This adhesion makes handling the samples extremely inconvenient, wasting considerable time and effort, and may even damage the samples if forcibly removed, affecting the accuracy of the experimental data.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the safety risks of frostbite faced by operators when handling frozen soil test blocks, which seriously threaten the personal safety of laboratory personnel, and the fact that frozen soil test blocks easily stick to the bottom plate of the test chamber due to low temperatures and water freezing, making handling extremely inconvenient, time-consuming, and potentially damaging the test blocks by forcibly removing them, thus affecting the accuracy of experimental data, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] An experimental device for frozen soil frost heave deformation includes a low-temperature test chamber, a lead screw shaft, a bearing plate, a sliding plate, and a half gear.

[0007] A high-precision displacement sensor is installed on the inner wall of the low-temperature test chamber. A connector is installed on the high-precision displacement sensor and the connector is connected to the microprocessor.

[0008] The lead screw shaft is rotatably installed inside the low-temperature test chamber, and one end of the lead screw shaft is connected to a drive motor. The lead screw shaft has screw threads with opposite directions of rotation, and a lead screw sleeve meshes with the corresponding screw threads. A pair of lead screw sleeves are rotatably mounted with rocker arms. The pair of rocker arms are in a herringbone shape. A connecting sleeve is rotatably mounted at the end of the pair of rocker arms. The connecting sleeve has a rectangular hole inside and a sliding hole on its side wall. The sliding hole and the rectangular hole are interconnected.

[0009] The bottom of the bearing plate is provided with a rectangular rod, the size of which is matched with the size of the rectangular hole, and the rectangular rod is inserted into the rectangular hole, and the side wall of the rectangular rod is provided with a sliding rod, which is inserted into the sliding hole, and a frozen soil test block is installed on the bearing plate;

[0010] The sliding plate is slidably arranged on the side wall of the connecting sleeve, and the length of the sliding plate is greater than the width of the sliding hole, the side wall of the sliding plate is provided with a swing arm, the rotation center of the swing arm is provided with a clamping spring, the rotation center of the swing arm is provided with a jacking rod, the jacking rod is in an inclined state, and the bottom of the jacking rod corresponds to the lower surface of the low-temperature test box.

[0011] The half gear is rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing plate, and the half gear is matched with the guide rack arranged on the surface of the sliding plate, an adjusting roller is arranged on the rotation shaft of the half gear, a cam groove is formed in the adjusting roller, a synchronous plate is transversely engaged in the cam groove, the synchronous plate is L-shaped, a swing plate is slidably arranged on the side wall of the synchronous plate, the swing plate is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the bearing plate, a pull rod is arranged on the rotation center of the swing plate, and a handle is arranged on the pull rod.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, four supporting legs are arranged at the bottom corners of the low-temperature test box, and anti-skid pads are arranged at the bottoms of the four supporting legs.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, an inlet is formed in the surface of the low-temperature test box, the size of the inlet is greater than that of the bearing plate, the inlet vertically corresponds to the bearing plate, a sealing cover is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the inlet, the sealing cover is matched with the size of the inlet, a handle is arranged on the sealing cover, and the surface of the handle is knurled.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the driving motor shell is arranged on the side wall of the low-temperature test box, a fixing seat is arranged at the center position of the low-temperature test box, the fixing seat is rotatably connected with the screw shaft, the fixing seat vertically corresponds to the bearing plate, a pair of limiting plates are arranged on the side wall of the screw sleeve, a limiting rod is movably arranged in the pair of limiting plates, limiting seats are arranged at the two ends of the limiting rod, and the limiting seats are welded on the low-temperature test box.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, a guide wheel is rotatably arranged at the end of the jacking rod, a connecting shaft is arranged between the rotation centers of the jacking rod and the swing arm, a bracket is arranged on the connecting shaft, and the bracket is welded on the side wall of the connecting sleeve.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, a sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the connecting sleeve, and the sliding hole is formed in the surface of the sliding groove, an arc-shaped guide rail is arranged on the side wall of the sliding groove, and the sliding plate is slidably connected with the arc-shaped guide rail.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the half gear rotation center is provided with a synchronous shaft, the synchronous shaft is rotationally connected with the bearing plate, and the end of the synchronous shaft is connected with the rotation center of the adjusting roller, the half gear is rotationally connected with the mounting groove formed in the bottom of the bearing plate, a torsion spring is sleeved on the synchronous shaft, one end of the torsion spring is clamped in the mounting groove, and the other end of the torsion spring is clamped on the side wall of the half gear.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the center of the synchronous plate is provided with a guide slider, the guide slider is slidingly connected with the cam groove, a guide rod is installed in the guide slider, the two ends of the guide rod are connected with the inner cavity of the bearing plate, a guide spring is sleeved on the guide rod, one end of the guide spring is clamped on the guide slider, and the other end is clamped in the inner cavity of the bearing plate.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the surface of the bearing plate is provided with a countersunk groove, the size of the pull rod and the handle is matched with the countersunk groove, a transmission shaft is installed at the rotation center of the pull rod, the transmission shaft is connected with the rotation center of the rocker, a strip-shaped groove is formed in the rocker, a protrusion is slidingly arranged on the strip-shaped groove, and the protrusion is connected with the synchronous plate.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the experimental method of the frozen soil frost heaving deformation experimental device is as follows:

[0021] Step one: select a block of frozen soil test block, and place the frozen soil test block on the bearing plate, and place the bearing plate with the frozen soil test block on the connecting sleeve through the handle, so that the rectangular rod at the bottom of the bearing plate is inserted into the rectangular hole, and the slide rod slides in the slide hole;

[0022] Step two: then the operator starts the drive motor, the drive motor drives the screw shaft to rotate, and then the screw thread with opposite rotation direction drives the screw sleeve to slide outward, and finally the rocker pulls the bearing plate with the frozen soil test block to move into the low temperature test box;

[0023] Step three: when the top rod at the bottom of the bearing plate and the connecting sleeve contacts the bottom of the low temperature test box, the top rod is extruded, at this time the top rod drives the swing arm to rotate, the swing arm drives the slide plate to slide, and then the slide plate blocks the slide hole, and then the slide rod is clamped in the slide hole, the fixing operation of the bearing plate and the connecting sleeve is completed;

[0024] Step four: in the process of sliding the slide plate, the guide rack on the slide plate is engaged with the half gear, the half gear rotates synchronously, and then drives the coaxial adjusting roller, at this time the adjusting roller drives the synchronous plate to slide, the synchronous plate drives the rocker to rotate, the rocker drives the coaxial pull rod to rotate, so that the pull rod becomes horizontal, and then it will not affect the later detection operation;

[0025] Step five: close the entrance by sealing cover, continuously reduce the internal temperature by low temperature test box, so that the frozen soil test block is frozen to the specified temperature, in the process of temperature drop, the deformation of the frozen soil test block is monitored by high-precision displacement sensor at all times, and the temperature and error relationship curve of the high-precision displacement sensor is determined in advance, and the measurement result is corrected, so that the specified deformation data is obtained.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present application is provided with a lead screw shaft, wherein after detection is completed, the rocker arm is changed by the rotation of the lead screw shaft, so that the bearing plate on which the frozen soil test block is installed is ejected from the low temperature test box, thereby facilitating the operator to disassemble the frozen soil test block and the bearing plate, reducing the possibility of frostbite, and the frozen soil test block and the bearing plate are installed and disassembled together in the later stage, so that the disassembly efficiency is not affected by the frozen soil test block adhered to the bearing plate, when the bearing plate moves upward, the jack rod is reset by the snap spring, the slide plate is moved by the swing arm, the slide plate is finally moved out of the slide hole, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic unlocking, and the guide rack on the slide plate is engaged with the half gear, the half gear drives the coaxial adjusting roller to rotate, the synchronous plate on the adjusting roller drives the rocker plate to rotate, the rocker plate rotates the pull rod from the horizontal state to the vertical state, thereby facilitating the operator to disassemble the entire bearing plate in the later stage, improving the disassembly efficiency, and the safety is higher.

[0028] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a frozen soil frost heave deformation experiment device;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a bottom view of a frozen soil frost heave deformation experiment device;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a low temperature test box sectional view of a frozen soil frost heave deformation experiment device;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a local structure schematic diagram of a frozen soil frost heave deformation experiment device;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a connecting sleeve three-dimensional view of a frozen soil frost heave deformation experiment device;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a bearing plate three-dimensional view of a frozen soil frost heave deformation experiment device;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the support plate of an experimental device for frost heave deformation in frozen soil.

[0037] Figure 8 An experimental device for frost heave deformation of frozen soil Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 1. Low temperature test chamber; 11. Support legs; 111. Anti-slip pad; 12. Sealing cover; 121. Inlet; 122. Handle; 13. High-precision displacement sensor; 131. Connector;

[0040] 2. Lead screw shaft; 21. Drive motor; 211. Lead screw thread; 212. Fixed base; 22. Lead screw sleeve; 221. Limiting plate; 222. Limiting rod; 223. Limiting seat; 23. Rocker arm; 24. Connecting sleeve; 241. Rectangular hole; 242. Sliding hole;

[0041] 3. Slide plate; 31. Slide groove; 311. Arc-shaped guide rail; 32. Swing arm; 321. Connecting shaft; 322. Bracket; 33. Top rod; 331. Guide wheel;

[0042] 4. Bearing plate; 41. Rectangular rod; 411. Slide rod;

[0043] 5. Half gear; 51. Mounting slot; 511. Guide rack; 512. Synchronous shaft; 513. Torsion spring; 52. Adjusting roller; 521. Cam groove; 522. Guide slider; 523. Guide rod; 524. Guide spring; 53. Synchronous plate; 531. Protrusion; 532. Rocker; 533. Strip groove; 54. Pull rod; 541. Handle; 542. Countersunk groove; 543. Drive shaft;

[0044] 6. Frozen soil test blocks. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a frozen soil frost heave deformation experimental device includes a low temperature test chamber 1, a lead screw shaft 2, a bearing plate 4, a sliding plate 3, and a half gear 5.

[0048] A high-precision displacement sensor 13 is mounted on the inner wall of the low-temperature test box 1, and a connector 131 is mounted on the high-precision displacement sensor 13, and the connector 131 is connected with the microprocessor, wherein the above structure is prior art, and the working principle is not described here.

[0049] The screw shaft 2 is transversely rotatably arranged in the low-temperature test box 1, and the screw shaft 2 is connected with a driving motor 21 at one end, and a screw thread 211 with opposite rotation directions is arranged on the screw shaft 2, and a screw sleeve 22 is engaged with the screw thread 211, and a pair of rocker arms 23 are rotatably arranged on the screw sleeve 22, the pair of rocker arms 23 are in a herringbone shape, and a connecting sleeve 24 is rotatably arranged at the ends of the pair of rocker arms 23, a rectangular hole 241 is arranged in the connecting sleeve 24, and a sliding hole 242 is arranged in the side wall of the connecting sleeve 24, and the sliding hole 242 and the rectangular hole 241 penetrate each other.

[0050] The bottom of the bearing plate 4 is provided with a rectangular rod 41, the size of the rectangular rod 41 is matched with the size of the rectangular hole 241, the rectangular rod 41 is inserted into the rectangular hole 241, and a sliding rod 411 is mounted on the side wall of the rectangular rod 41, the sliding rod 411 is inserted into the sliding hole 242, and the frozen soil test block 6 is mounted on the bearing plate 4; the driving motor 21 is started, the screw shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 21, the screw sleeve 22 is driven to slide outward by the screw thread 211 with opposite rotation directions, and finally the bearing plate 4 on which the frozen soil test block 6 is mounted is moved into the low-temperature test box 1 by the rocker arm 23.

[0051] The sliding plate 3 is slidably arranged on the side wall of the connecting sleeve 24, the length of the sliding plate 3 is greater than the width of the sliding hole 242, a swing arm 32 is mounted on the side wall of the sliding plate 3, a snap spring is mounted on the rotation center of the swing arm 32, a jacking rod 33 is mounted on the rotation center of the swing arm 32, the jacking rod 33 is in an inclined state, and the bottom of the jacking rod 33 corresponds to the lower surface of the low-temperature test box 1; when the bearing plate 4 and the jacking rod 33 at the bottom of the connecting sleeve 24 contact the bottom of the low-temperature test box 1, the jacking rod 33 is pressed, at this time, the jacking rod 33 drives the swing arm 32 to rotate, the swing arm 32 drives the sliding plate 3 to slide, the sliding plate 3 blocks the sliding hole 242, and the sliding rod 411 is clamped in the sliding hole 242, and the fixing operation of the bearing plate 4 and the connecting sleeve 24 is completed.

[0052] The half-gear 5 is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the bearing plate 4, and the half-gear 5 is compatible with the guide rack 511 installed on the surface of the slide plate 3. An adjusting roller 52 is installed on the rotating shaft of the half-gear 5. The adjusting roller 52 has a cam groove 521, and a synchronization plate 53 is laterally meshed on the cam groove 521. The synchronization plate 53 is L-shaped, and a rocker plate 532 is slidably installed on the side wall of the synchronization plate 53. The rocker plate 532 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bearing plate 4, and a pull rod 54 is installed on the rotation center of the rocker plate 532. A handle 541 is installed on the pull rod 54. During the sliding of the slide plate 3, the guide rack 511 on the slide plate 3 meshes with the half-gear 5, and the half-gear 5 rotates synchronously, thereby driving the coaxial adjusting roller 52. At this time, the adjusting roller 52 drives the synchronization plate 53 to slide, the synchronization plate 53 drives the rocker plate 532 to rotate, and the rocker plate 532 drives the coaxial pull rod 54 to rotate, so that the pull rod 54 becomes horizontal, thus not affecting the subsequent inspection operation.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the specific embodiment, four support legs 11 are installed at the bottom corner of the low temperature test chamber 1. The support legs 11 serve the purpose of support. Anti-slip pads 111 are installed at the bottom of the four support legs 11, which improves the anti-slip ability of the equipment.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the low-temperature test chamber 1 has an inlet 121 on its surface. The size of the inlet 121 is larger than that of the support plate 4, and the inlet 121 is vertically aligned with the support plate 4. A sealing cover 12 is rotatably installed on the side wall of the inlet 121. The sealing cover 12 is adapted to the size of the inlet 121. A handle 122 is installed on the sealing cover 12. The surface of the handle 122 is knurled. The inlet 121 can be sealed by the sealing cover 12 to ensure the airtightness of the low-temperature test chamber 1. The handle 122 also makes it easy to close the sealing cover 12.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] The difference between Embodiment 1 and this embodiment is that: Figures 1 to 8As shown, the drive motor 21 housing is installed on the side wall of the low temperature test chamber 1. A fixed seat 212 is installed at the center of the low temperature test chamber 1. The fixed seat 212 is rotatably connected to the lead screw shaft 2, and the fixed seat 212 is vertically aligned with the bearing plate 4. A pair of limiting plates 221 are installed on the side wall of the lead screw sleeve 22. A limiting rod 222 is installed inside the pair of limiting plates 221. Limiting seats 223 are installed at both ends of the limiting rod 222. The bottom of the limiting seats 223 is welded to the low temperature test chamber 1. Next, the operator starts the drive motor 21, which drives the lead screw shaft 2 to rotate. The lead screw shaft 2 rotates on the fixed seat 212 and drives the lead screw sleeve 22 to slide outward through the lead screw threads 211 with opposite rotation direction. At this time, the limiting plate 221 on the side wall of the lead screw sleeve 22 slides on the limiting rod 222, and the limiting rod 222 is fixed on the limiting seat 223. The limiting rod 222 can guide the movement direction of the lead screw sleeve 22.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in a specific embodiment, a guide wheel 331 is rotatably mounted at the end of the push rod 33, and a connecting shaft 321 is mounted at the rotation center of the push rod 33 and the swing arm 32. A bracket 322 is mounted on the connecting shaft 321, and the bracket 322 is welded to the side wall of the connecting sleeve 24. When the bearing plate 4 and the connecting sleeve 24 are about to move to the bottom of the low temperature test chamber 1, the push rod 33 at the bottom of the connecting sleeve 24 will first contact the bottom of the low temperature test chamber 1, and the push rod 33 will be squeezed. At this time, the guide wheel 331 plays the purpose of reducing friction. After the push rod 33 is squeezed, the push rod 33 drives the swing arm 32 to rotate, and the swing arm 32 rotates on the connecting shaft 321.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the connecting sleeve 24 further includes a groove 31 on its side wall and a sliding hole 242 on the surface of the groove 31. An arc-shaped guide rail 311 is installed on the side wall of the groove 31, and the arc-shaped guide rail 311 is slidably connected to the slide plate 3. The center of curvature of the arc-shaped guide rail 311 is at the same position as the rotation center of the swing arm 32. During the movement of the swing arm 32, the swing arm 32 drives the slide plate 3 to slide, and the slide plate 3 can slide along the arc-shaped guide rail 311. Finally, the slide plate 3 can block the sliding hole 242, thereby causing the slide rod 411 to engage in the sliding hole 242, completing the fixing operation between the bearing plate 4 and the connecting sleeve 24.

[0059] Example 3:

[0060] The difference between Embodiment 2 and this embodiment is that: Figures 1 to 8As shown, the half gear 5 is rotatably connected with the bearing plate 4 through a synchronous shaft 512, and the synchronous shaft 512 is rotatably connected with the adjusting roller 52, and the half gear 5 is rotatably connected with the mounting groove 51 formed in the bottom of the bearing plate 4, and the torsion spring 513 is sleeved on the synchronous shaft 512, and one end of the torsion spring 513 is clamped in the mounting groove 51, and the other end of the torsion spring 513 is clamped on the side wall of the half gear 5. During the sliding of the sliding plate 3, the guide rack 511 on the sliding plate 3 will first engage with the half gear 5, and then the half gear 5 will be driven to rotate synchronously with the continuous movement, and the half gear 5 will rotate in the mounting groove 51, and the adjusting roller 52 will be driven by the synchronous shaft 512, and the torsion spring on the synchronous shaft 512 will be twisted synchronously, and the torsion spring 513 will facilitate the later reset.

[0061] As shown in the specific embodiment, the center of the synchronous plate 53 is provided with a guide sliding block 522, the guide sliding block 522 is slidably connected with a cam groove 521, a guide rod 523 is arranged in the guide sliding block 522, and the two ends of the guide rod 523 are connected with the inner cavity of the bearing plate 4, a guide spring 524 is sleeved on the guide rod 523, one end of the guide spring 524 is clamped on the guide sliding block 522, and the other end of the guide spring 524 is clamped in the inner cavity of the bearing plate 4. Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the specific embodiment, the center of the synchronous plate 53 is provided with a guide sliding block 522, the guide sliding block 522 is slidably connected with a cam groove 521, a guide rod 523 is arranged in the guide sliding block 522, and the two ends of the guide rod 523 are connected with the inner cavity of the bearing plate 4, a guide spring 524 is sleeved on the guide rod 523, one end of the guide spring 524 is clamped on the guide sliding block 522, and the other end of the guide spring 524 is clamped in the inner cavity of the bearing plate 4.

[0062] As shown in the specific embodiment, the center of the synchronous plate 53 is provided with a guide sliding block 522, the guide sliding block 522 is slidably connected with a cam groove 521, a guide rod 523 is arranged in the guide sliding block 522, and the two ends of the guide rod 523 are connected with the inner cavity of the bearing plate 4, a guide spring 524 is sleeved on the guide rod 523, one end of the guide spring 524 is clamped on the guide sliding block 522, and the other end of the guide spring 524 is clamped in the inner cavity of the bearing plate 4. Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the specific embodiment, the center of the synchronous plate 53 is provided with a guide sliding block 522, the guide sliding block 522 is slidably connected with a cam groove 521, a guide rod 523 is arranged in the guide sliding block 522, and the two ends of the guide rod 523 are connected with the inner cavity of the bearing plate 4, a guide spring 524 is sleeved on the guide rod 523, one end of the guide spring 524 is clamped on the guide sliding block 522, and the other end of the guide spring 524 is clamped in the inner cavity of the bearing plate 4.

[0063] The application also discloses an experimental method of the frozen soil frost heaving deformation experimental device, and the steps are as follows:

[0064] Step one: select the block of frozen soil test block 6, and the frozen soil test block 6 is placed on the bearing plate 4, the bearing plate 4 is placed on the connecting sleeve 24 by the handle 541, the rectangular rod 41 at the bottom of the bearing plate 4 is inserted into the rectangular hole 241, and the sliding rod 411 is slid in the sliding hole 242.

[0065] Step two: then the operator starts the driving motor 21, the screw rod shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 21, then the screw sleeve 22 is driven to slide outward by the opposite screw rod thread 211, finally the bearing plate 4 installed with the frozen soil test block 6 is moved into the low temperature test box 1 by the rocker arm 23;

[0066] Step three: when the bearing plate 4 and the top rod 33 at the bottom of the connecting sleeve 24 contact the bottom of the low temperature test box 1, the top rod 33 is extruded, at this time the top rod 33 drives the swing arm 32 to rotate, the swing arm 32 drives the sliding plate 3 to slide, then the sliding plate 3 blocks the sliding hole 242, then the sliding rod 411 is clamped in the sliding hole 242, the fixing operation of the bearing plate 4 and the connecting sleeve 24 is completed;

[0067] Step four: in the process of sliding the sliding plate 3, the guide rack 511 on the sliding plate 3 is engaged with the half gear 5, the half gear 5 rotates synchronously, then the coaxial adjusting roller 52 is driven to rotate, at this time the adjusting roller 52 drives the synchronous plate 53 to slide, the synchronous plate 53 drives the swing plate 532 to rotate, the swing plate 532 drives the coaxial pull rod 54 to rotate, so that the pull rod 54 becomes horizontal, then the detection operation in the later stage is not affected.

[0068] Step five: the inlet 121 is closed by the sealing cover 12, the internal temperature of the low temperature test box 1 is continuously lowered, the frozen soil test block 6 is frozen to a specified temperature, in the process of temperature drop, the deformation of the frozen soil test block 6 is monitored at any time by the high-precision displacement sensor 13, and the temperature and error relationship curve of the high-precision displacement sensor is determined in advance, the measurement result is corrected, so that the specified deformation data is obtained.

[0069] The implementation principle of the frozen soil frost heave deformation experiment device and method is as follows:

[0070] The operator first needs to select the block of frozen soil test block 6, and the frozen soil test block 6 is placed on the bearing plate 4 center, the bearing plate 4 installed with the frozen soil test block 6 is placed on the connecting sleeve 24 by the handle 541, so that the rectangular rod 41 at the bottom of the bearing plate 4 is inserted into the rectangular hole 241, and at this time the sliding rod 411 is slidably inserted into the sliding hole 242.

[0071] Then the operator starts the drive motor 21, drives the screw shaft 2 to rotate through the drive motor 21, and the screw shaft 2 rotates on the fixed seat 212 at this time, and drives the screw sleeve 22 to slide outward through the screw thread 211 in the opposite direction, the limiting plate 221 on the side wall of the screw sleeve 22 slides on the limiting rod 222 at this time, and the limiting rod 222 is fixed on the limiting seat 223, wherein the limiting rod 222 can guide the moving direction of the screw sleeve 22, when the screw sleeve 22 moves, the angle of the rocker arm 23 on the screw sleeve 22 changes at this time, finally drives the load plate 4 on which the frozen soil test block 6 is installed to move downward through the rocker arm 23, and finally moves the frozen soil test block 6 and the load plate 4 into the low-temperature test box 1 to reach the detection position.

[0072] When the load plate 4 and the connecting sleeve 24 are about to move to the bottom of the low-temperature test box 1, the top rod 33 at the bottom of the connecting sleeve 24 will first contact the bottom of the low-temperature test box 1 at this time, the top rod 33 is extruded, the guide wheel 331 plays a role of reducing friction force at this time, when the top rod 33 is extruded, the top rod 33 drives the swing arm 32 to rotate, the swing arm 32 rotates on the connecting shaft 321, and the snap spring is twisted at this time, which is convenient for resetting later, in the moving process of the swing arm 32, the swing arm 32 drives the sliding plate 3 to slide, and then the sliding plate 3 can slide along the arc-shaped guide rail 311, finally the sliding plate 3 can block the sliding hole 242, and then the sliding rod 411 is clamped in the sliding hole 242, completing the fixing operation of the load plate 4 and the connecting sleeve 24.

[0073] In the sliding process of the sliding plate 3, the guide rack 511 on the sliding plate 3 will first mesh with the half gear 5, and then continuously moves to drive the half gear 5 to rotate synchronously, the half gear 5 rotates in the installation groove 51, and drives the adjusting roller 52 through the synchronous shaft 512, the torsional spring on the synchronous shaft 512 is twisted at this time, which is convenient for resetting later through the torsional spring 513, when the adjusting roller 52 rotates, the position of the cam groove 521 on the adjusting roller 52 changes, thereby driving the guide sliding block 522 to move along the guide rod 523 at this time, and the guide spring 524 is compressed, which assists in resetting later through the compressed guide spring 524, and after the guide sliding block 522 slides, the synchronous plate 53 on the side wall of the guide sliding block 522 moves, the protrusion 531 on the synchronous plate 53 slides on the warped plate 532 provided with the strip-shaped groove 533, finally drives the warped plate 532 to deflect, the warped plate 532 drives the pull rod 54 to rotate through the transmission shaft 543, so that the pull rod 54 becomes horizontal, at this time, the pull rod 54 and the handle 541 move into the countersunk groove 542, thereby not affecting the later detection operation.

[0074] Then, the inlet 121 is closed by the sealing cover 12, the internal temperature of the low-temperature test box 1 is continuously lowered, so that the frozen soil test block 6 is frozen to a specified temperature. In the process of temperature drop, the deformation of the frozen soil test block 6 is monitored by the high-precision displacement sensor 13 at all times, and the temperature and error relationship curve of the high-precision displacement sensor is determined in advance (which can be obtained by a calibration experiment, and the experimental steps are prior art, and will not be described here). The measurement result is corrected to obtain the specified deformation data.

Claims

1. A device for testing the frost heave deformation of frozen soil, characterized in that, Include: Low temperature test box (1), the inner wall of the low temperature test box (1) is provided with a high-precision displacement sensor (13), a connector (131) is installed on the high-precision displacement sensor (13), and the connector (131) is connected with a microprocessor; Screw shaft (2), the screw shaft (2) is transversely rotatably installed in the low temperature test box (1), one end of the screw shaft (2) is connected with a driving motor (21), a screw thread (211) with opposite rotation direction is formed in the screw shaft (2), a screw sleeve (22) is engaged with the screw thread (211), a pair of the screw sleeves (22) are rotatably installed with rocker arms (23), the rocker arms (23) are in herringbone shape, a connecting sleeve (24) is rotatably installed at the ends of the rocker arms (23), a rectangular hole (241) is formed in the connecting sleeve (24), and a sliding hole (242) is formed in the side wall of the connecting sleeve (24), the sliding hole (242) and the rectangular hole (241) are mutually penetrated; The bottom of the bearing plate (4) is provided with a rectangular rod (41), the size of the rectangular rod (41) is matched with the size of the rectangular hole (241), the rectangular rod (41) is inserted into the rectangular hole (241), a sliding rod (411) is installed on the side wall of the rectangular rod (41), the sliding rod (411) is inserted into the sliding hole (242), and a frozen soil test block (6) is installed on the bearing plate (4); The slide plate (3) is slidably arranged on the side wall of the connecting sleeve (24), the length of the slide plate (3) is greater than the width of the sliding hole (242), a swing arm (32) is installed on the side wall of the slide plate (3), a snap spring is installed at the rotation center of the swing arm (32), a jacking rod (33) is installed at the rotation center of the swing arm (32), the jacking rod (33) is in an inclined state, and the bottom of the jacking rod (33) corresponds to the lower surface of the low temperature test box (1); The half gear (5) is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the bearing plate (4), the half gear (5) is matched with the guide rack (511) installed on the surface of the slide plate (3), an adjusting roller (52) is installed on the rotation shaft of the half gear (5), a cam groove (521) is formed in the adjusting roller (52), a synchronous plate (53) is transversely engaged with the cam groove (521), the synchronous plate (53) is in L shape, a swing plate (532) is slidably arranged on the side wall of the synchronous plate (53), the swing plate (532) is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the bearing plate (4), a pull rod (54) is installed at the rotation center of the swing plate (532), and a handle (541) is installed on the pull rod (54).

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein Four supporting legs (11) are installed at the corners of the bottom of the low temperature test box (1), and anti-skid pads (111) are installed at the bottoms of the four supporting legs (11).

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein The low-temperature test chamber (1) is provided with an inlet (121) on the surface, the size of the inlet (121) is larger than that of the bearing plate (4), and the inlet (121) is vertically corresponding to the bearing plate (4), the sealing cover (12) is rotatably installed on the side wall of the inlet (121), the sealing cover (12) is matched with the size of the inlet (121), the handle (122) is installed on the sealing cover (12), and the surface of the handle (122) is knurled.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein The driving motor (21) shell is installed on the side wall of the low-temperature test chamber (1), a fixed seat (212) is installed at the center position of the low-temperature test chamber (1), the fixed seat (212) is rotatably connected with the lead screw shaft (2), and the fixed seat (212) is vertically corresponding to the bearing plate (4), a pair of limiting plates (221) are installed on the side wall of the lead screw sleeve (22), a limiting rod (222) is movably installed in the pair of limiting plates (221), limiting seats (223) are installed at both ends of the limiting rod (222), and the limiting seats (223) are welded on the low-temperature test chamber (1).

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein The top rod (33) is rotatably installed with a guide wheel (331) at the end, a connecting shaft (321) is installed between the rotation center of the top rod (33) and the swing arm (32), a support (322) is installed on the connecting shaft (321), and the support (322) is welded on the side wall of the connecting sleeve (24).

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein The connecting sleeve (24) is provided with a sliding groove (31) on the side wall, and a sliding hole (242) is formed on the surface of the sliding groove (31), an arc-shaped guide rail (311) is installed on the side wall of the sliding groove (31), and the arc-shaped guide rail (311) is slidably connected with the sliding plate (3).

7. The device according to claim 1, wherein The rotation center of the half gear (5) is provided with a synchronous shaft (512), the synchronous shaft (512) is rotatably connected with the bearing plate (4), the end of the synchronous shaft (512) is rotatably connected with the rotation center of the adjusting roller (52), the half gear (5) is rotatably connected with the mounting groove (51) formed in the bottom of the bearing plate (4), a torsional spring (513) is sleeved on the synchronous shaft (512), one end of the torsional spring (513) is clamped in the mounting groove (51), and the other end of the torsional spring (513) is clamped on the side wall of the half gear (5).

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein The center of the synchronous plate (53) is provided with a guide sliding block (522), the guide sliding block (522) is slidably connected with the cam groove (521), a guide rod (523) is movably installed in the guide sliding block (522), the guide rod (523) is rotatably connected with the inner cavity of the bearing plate (4) at both ends, a guide spring (524) is sleeved on the guide rod (523), one end of the guide spring (524) is clamped on the guide sliding block (522), and the other end is clamped in the inner cavity of the bearing plate (4).

9. The device according to claim 1, wherein The bearing plate (4) is provided with a countersunk groove (542) on the surface, the size of the countersunk groove (542) is matched with the size of the pull rod (54) and the handle (541), the rotating center of the pull rod (54) is provided with a transmission shaft (543), the transmission shaft (543) is connected with the rotating center of the flap (532), the flap (532) is provided with a strip-shaped groove (533), the strip-shaped groove (533) is provided with a protrusion (531) in sliding mode, and the protrusion (531) is connected with the synchronous plate (53).

10. A method for testing the frost heave deformation of frozen soil, characterized in that, The application is applied to the frozen soil frost heaving deformation experiment device in any one of claims 1-9, and the experimental method of the frozen soil frost heaving deformation experiment device, and the steps are as follows: Step one: select a block-shaped frozen soil test block (6), and place the frozen soil test block (6) on the bearing plate (4), place the bearing plate (4) provided with the frozen soil test block (6) on the connecting sleeve (24) through the handle (541), so that the rectangular rod (41) at the bottom of the bearing plate (4) is inserted into the rectangular hole (241), and the sliding rod (411) is slid in the sliding hole (242); Step two: then the operator starts the driving motor (21), drives the lead screw shaft (2) to rotate through the driving motor (21), and then drives the lead screw sleeve (22) to slide outward through the lead screw thread (211) rotating in the opposite direction, and finally moves the bearing plate (4) provided with the frozen soil test block (6) into the low-temperature test box (1) through the rocker arm (23); Step three: when the top rod (33) at the bottom of the bearing plate (4) and the connecting sleeve (24) contacts the bottom of the low-temperature test box (1), the top rod (33) is extruded, at this time the top rod (33) drives the swing arm (32) to rotate, the swing arm (32) drives the sliding plate (3) to slide, and then the sliding plate (3) blocks the sliding hole (242), and then the sliding rod (411) is clamped in the sliding hole (242), and the fixing operation of the bearing plate (4) and the connecting sleeve (24) is completed; Step four: in the process of sliding the sliding plate (3), the guide rack (511) on the sliding plate (3) is engaged with the half gear (5), the half gear (5) rotates synchronously, and then drives the coaxial adjusting roller (52), at this time the adjusting roller (52) drives the synchronous plate (53) to slide, the synchronous plate (53) drives the flap (532) to rotate, the flap (532) drives the coaxial pull rod (54) to rotate, so that the pull rod (54) becomes horizontal, and then it will not affect the later detection operation; Step five: close the inlet (121) through the sealing cover (12), continuously lower the internal temperature of the low-temperature test box (1), so that the frozen soil test block (6) is frozen to a specified temperature, in the process of temperature drop, the deformation of the frozen soil test block (6) is monitored at all times through the high-precision displacement sensor (13), and the temperature and error relationship curve of the high-precision displacement sensor is determined in advance, the measurement result is corrected, and thus the specified deformation data is obtained.

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