Spatial configuration and ecological protection method for muddy coast salt marsh vegetation

Abstract

The invention discloses a muddy coast salt marsh vegetation spatial configuration and ecological protection method, and particularly relates to marine ecological restoration engineering, the spatial configuration comprises: an imitated beach zone system, which is sequentially provided with a hibiscus syriacus planting area, a reed planting area, a salt marsh plant planting area and a suaeda salsa planting area from a coastal beach to an inner land; the civil air defense fortification system comprises an artificial tide pool, a sludge beach and an ecological protection stack bank, and a geotextile bag pile is stacked in the area between the sludge beach and the ecological protection stack bank. Through reasonable vegetation layout and ecological protection measures, impact and erosion of waves and tidal currents on vegetation communities and beaches are reduced, and therefore a more suitable and stable habitat environment is provided for marine organisms. Meanwhile, due to the structure, the marine ecological environment can be improved, the ecological service function of the muddy coast is improved, and powerful support is provided for sustainable development of coastal areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a marine ecological restoration project, and in particular to a spatial configuration and ecological protection method for muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for land resources in coastal areas, reclamation projects have been widely carried out in coastal areas to meet this demand. However, such engineering activities inevitably lead to a significant reduction in the area of ​​muddy tidal flats, which in turn has caused serious damage to the marine ecological environment. As a transitional zone between the sea and the land, the degradation of the ecological function of muddy beaches not only affects the habitat of marine organisms, but also aggravates the erosion of the coastline, posing a threat to the ecological security and sustainable development of coastal areas.

[0003] The traditional muddy beach structure is relatively simple, mainly salt flats, or only distributed with a single salt marsh vegetation. Although these simple ecosystem structures provide a living environment for intertidal marine life to a certain extent, their ecological service functions are limited and cannot provide effective protection for the area behind the beach. Especially in the face of the impact of waves and tides, single salt marsh vegetation is often difficult to resist, resulting in damage to the vegetation community, which in turn leads to further erosion of the beach. Therefore, how to solve this problem has become an urgent problem to be solved at this stage. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for spatial configuration and ecological protection of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation to solve the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation, comprising: The simulated beach belt system has hibiscus planting area, reed planting area, salt marsh plant planting area and salt marsh salsa planting area from the coastal beach to the inland area; Civil air defense system, including artificial tidal pool, muddy beach and ecological protection bank, and the area between the muddy beach and the ecological protection bank is stacked with geobags, including: Composite geotextile modules are laid on the ground of the muddy beach facing the ecological protection bank and the area between the muddy beach and the ecological protection bank; The composite geotextile module comprises a grid-shaped geotextile and an injection-molded cone rod. The injection-molded cone rod is passed through the mesh of the geotextile and is arranged in the muddy beach. The geotextile is compressed and fixed by a negative pressure component fixed at the end thereof.

[0006] Preferably, the artificial tidal pool includes at least three tidal pools, and the three tidal pools increase in height from the Suaeda salsa planting area toward the muddy beach; It also includes a wave-blocking part fixedly arranged on one side of the artificial tidal pool adjacent to the Suaeda salsa planting area; The tide-facing surface of the wave-blocking part is divided into an inclined part and an arc-shaped part according to the structure, and the end surface of the first-level tidal pool at the pool mouth and the top of the arc-shaped part are in the same horizontal plane; A triangular flow-blocking portion is fixedly provided on the inclined portion, and a plurality of water return grooves distributed in a linear array are opened on the triangular flow-blocking portion. The water return grooves are distributed parallel to the inclined portion, and the water return grooves are divided into a wide mouth and a narrow mouth according to the structure, and the wide mouth is distributed toward one side of the arc-shaped portion.

[0007] Preferably, the end of the arc-shaped portion is provided with gap flow grooves extending to the top of the arc, and each of the gap flow grooves is distributed between two of the return water grooves.

[0008] The cross section of the gap flow channel is an isosceles trapezoid, and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid is distributed toward the first-level tidal pool.

[0009] Preferably, the inclined portion is provided with a backflow channel that is arranged in close contact with the ground, and further comprises a pebble layer distributed at the bottom of the three tidal pools, wherein the backflow channel is connected to the pebble layer; The bottoms of the three tidal pools are respectively provided with vertical shafts connected to the pebble layers, and the vertical shafts are filled with stream stone layers.

[0010] Preferably, the ecological protection bank is a slope protection constructed by piling up rough stones; The muddy beach is divided into a first enclosure and a second enclosure symmetrically distributed about the center of the first enclosure according to the structure; The top of the first sealing pile is a plane, while the top of the second sealing pile is a circular arc top, and the top of the circular arc top is in the same horizontal plane as the center point of the first sealing pile; The composite geotextile module is laid on the side of the first enclosure and the outer side of the second enclosure on one side, and a steel cable pulling member is arranged between the top of the composite geotextile module located at the top of the arc top of the second enclosure and the ecological protection pile bank; The geobag pile is covered on the composite geotextile module, and the horizontal plane formed by the top is in the same horizontal plane as the top of the first sealing pile.

[0011] Preferably, the negative pressure component is a prefabricated concrete component, and is divided into an insertion portion, an extended plug-in portion and an extended slot portion according to the structure; The slot provided on the extended slot portion is plugged into the protrusion provided on the end surface of the extended plug-in portion.

[0012] Preferably, a grouting interface pipe is provided on the extension plug-in portion, and the grouting interface pipe is communicated with a grouting pipe fixedly arranged in the extension slot portion; The insertion portion is plugged into the injection-molded cone rod, the interior of the injection-molded cone rod is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is communicated with the grouting pipe.

[0013] As a preference, it further comprises a positioning piece, which is inserted from the insertion portion, extends into the hollow structure of the injection-molded cone rod, and is finally inserted and fixed with the bottom of the hollow structure; A predetermined distance is maintained between the side wall of the positioning member and the hollow structure, and a spiral groove is provided on the side wall of the positioning member.

[0014] Preferably, a window is provided on the outer wall of the injection-molded cone rod, and a sealing plate is rotatably connected in the window, and a channel is provided in the injection-molded cone rod to connect the hollow structure with the window; The maximum flipping angle of the sealing plate is 25°-35°, and the number of windows is several and distributed in a spiral curve array along the outer wall of the injection-molded cone rod.

[0015] An ecological protection method, applied to the spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation described in the above scheme, is characterized by comprising the following steps: S01. As the tide increases, the tide will successively flood the hibiscus planting area, the reed planting area, the salt marsh plant planting area and the salt-land salsa alkali planting area; S02. When the tide continues to rise, the three tidal pools extending to the artificial tidal pool will discharge the tide in a stepped manner; S03. As the tide continues to rise, it flows down from the third-level tidal pool and then gradually floods the muddy beach, while the geobag pile is located between the muddy beach and the ecological protection pile bank.

[0016] In the above technical scheme, the present invention provides a method for spatial configuration and ecological protection of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation, which has the following beneficial effects: The simulated beach zone system is set up as hibiscus planting area, reed planting area, salt marsh plant planting area and salt marsh salsa plant planting area according to the terrain changes, so as to provide a good shelter, foraging and habitat environment for intertidal marine life, and also provide a good foraging place for birds. In addition, the layout of the civil air defense system can improve the beach's wave reduction capacity and enhance the disaster reduction capacity of the intertidal ecosystem; The artificial tidal pool is built with blocks of stone. The block structure can imitate the roughness and porous characteristics of the natural rock coast, which is conducive to enriching the diversity of intertidal organisms in the muddy coast. In addition, the height of the artificial tidal pool is lower than the height of the ecological submerged dike. When waves and storm surges come, the ecological protection structure at the front of the salt marsh vegetation on the muddy coast can play a role in breaking waves and weakening currents. When the tide recedes, the ecological protection bank can also play a role in storing tidal water and delaying the ebb of the tide, providing a good habitat and living environment for marine life in the intertidal zone of the muddy coast, which is conducive to the restoration of the intertidal zone ecosystem of the muddy coast. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a marine ecological restoration project provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a muddy beach, a composite geotextile module and an ecological protection bank provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an artificial tidal pool provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a composite geotextile module provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a negative pressure component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a positioning member and an injection-molded cone rod member provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Description of reference numerals: 1. Hibiscus planting area; 2. Reed planting area; 3. Salt marsh plant planting area; 4. Salsa salsa planting area; 5. Artificial tidal pool; 51. Tidal pool position; 52. Wave blocking part; 521. Sloping part; 5211. Backflow channel; 522. Arc-shaped part; 5221. Interstitial flow channel; 523. Pebble layer; 524. Vertical shaft; 53. Triangular flow blocking part; 531. Backflow channel; 6. Muddy beach; 61. The first closure pile; 62, the second closure pile; 7, the ecological protection bank; 8, the composite geotextile module; 81, the geotextile; 82, the negative pressure component; 821, the insertion part; 822, the extension plug-in part; 823, the extension slot part; 824, the pouring interface pipe; 825, the grouting pipe; 83, the injection cone rod; 84, the positioning part; 841, the spiral groove; 85, the sealing plate; 9, the steel cable pulling part; 10, the geobag pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation includes: The simulated beach belt system includes hibiscus planting area 1, reed planting area 2, salt marsh plant planting area 3 and salsa salsa planting area 4, which are arranged in sequence from the coastal beach to the inland; The civil air defense system includes an artificial tidal pool 5, a muddy beach 6 and an ecological protection bank 7, and a geobag pile 10 is stacked in the area between the muddy beach 6 and the ecological protection bank 7, wherein: The ground of the muddy beach 6 facing the ecological protection bank 7 and the area between the muddy beach 6 and the ecological protection bank 7 are paved with composite geotextile modules 8; The composite geotextile module 8 includes a grid-shaped geotextile 81 and an injection-molded cone rod 83 (corrosion-resistant plastic part). The injection-molded cone rod 83 is inserted through the mesh of the geotextile 81 into the muddy beach 6, and the geotextile 81 is pressed and fixed by a negative pressure component 82 fixed at its end.

[0022] Specifically, the geotextile bag pile 10 is piled on the geotextile 81 and is located between the muddy beach 6 and the ecological protection bank 7. The geotextile 81 is 50 kN / m and is filled with soil.

[0023] The ecological protection bank 7 is constructed by stacking stones with a single weight greater than 100 kg using concrete.

[0024] Furthermore, the distance between the artificial tidal pool 5 and the Suaeda salsa planting area 4 in the above embodiment is greater than 20m and less than 100m.

[0025] Secondly, the simulated beach belt system can provide a habitat for marine life. Specifically, assuming that the average low tide and high tide levels of the sea area in the embodiment of the present invention are L meters and H meters respectively, the top elevation of the simulated beach belt in this area can be controlled to be about 0.5 meters above the average tide level. In addition, the hibiscus planting area 1, the reed planting area 2, the salt marsh plant planting area 3 and the salt salsa salsa planting area 4 can be set to an arc, a strip shape or a continuous wave shape on the sea side.

[0026] In the above technology, the simulated beach zone system is set as hibiscus planting area 1, reed planting area 2, salt marsh plant planting area 3 and salt salsa alkali planting area 4 according to the terrain changes, so as to provide a good shelter, foraging and habitat environment for intertidal marine organisms, and also provide a good foraging place for birds. In addition, the arrangement of the civil air defense system can improve the wave absorbing and wave reduction capacity of the beach and enhance the disaster reduction capacity of the intertidal ecosystem; The artificial tidal pool 5 is built of blocks of stone. The block structure can imitate the roughness and porous characteristics of the natural rock coast, which is conducive to enriching the diversity of intertidal organisms in the muddy coast. In addition, the height of the artificial tidal pool 5 is lower than the height of the ecological submerged dike. When waves and storm surges come, the ecological protection structure at the front of the salt marsh vegetation on the muddy coast can play a role in eliminating waves and weakening currents. When the tide recedes, the ecological protection bank 7 can play a role in storing tidal water and delaying the ebb of the tide, providing a good habitat and living environment for marine organisms in the intertidal zone of the muddy coast, which is conducive to the restoration of the intertidal zone ecosystem of the muddy coast.

[0027] As an embodiment further provided by the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the artificial tidal pool 5 includes at least three tidal pool positions 51, and the three tidal pool positions 51 increase in height from the Suaeda salsa planting area 4 toward the muddy beach 6; It also includes a wave-blocking portion 52 fixedly arranged on one side of the artificial tidal pool 5 adjacent to the Salicornia salsa planting area 4; The tide-facing surface of the wave-blocking portion 52 is divided into an inclined portion 521 and an arc-shaped portion 522 according to the structure, and the end surface of the first-stage tidal pool 51 and the arc top of the arc-shaped portion 522 are in the same horizontal plane; A triangular baffle 53 is fixedly provided on the inclined portion 521 , and a plurality of water return grooves 531 distributed in a linear array are opened on the triangular baffle 53 . The water return grooves 531 are distributed parallel to the inclined portion 521 . The water return grooves 531 are divided into a wide mouth and a narrow mouth according to the structure, and the wide mouth is distributed toward the arc portion 522 side.

[0028] Further, combined with Figure 4As shown, the end of the arc portion 522 is provided with gap flow grooves 5221 extending to the top of the arc, and each gap flow groove 5221 is distributed between two return water channels 531. The cross section of the gap flow groove 5221 is an isosceles trapezoid, and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid is distributed toward the first-stage tidal pool 51.

[0029] Specifically, the tidal pool 51 in the above embodiment can be a prefabricated concrete part or made of blocks of stone, and the block structure can imitate the roughness and porous characteristics of the natural rock coast. The artificial tidal pool 5 in this example includes at least three tidal pools 51. The height of the artificial tidal pool 5 is lower than the height of the ecological submerged dike. When waves and storm surges come, the ecological protection structure at the front of the salt marsh vegetation on the muddy coast can play a role in eliminating waves and weakening currents; when the tide recedes, the ecological protection bank 7 can play a role in storing tidal water and delaying the ebb of the tide, providing a good habitat and living environment for marine life in the intertidal zone of the muddy coast, which is conducive to the restoration of the intertidal zone ecosystem of the muddy coast.

[0030] Secondly, the triangular flow blocking portion 53 and the inclined portion 521 in the embodiment cooperate to block the impact force of waves, thereby reducing the impact force of waves on the tidal pool 51. Furthermore, the return water channel 531 and the gap flow channel 5221 in the embodiment cooperate to form a flushing system, which can avoid the accumulation of dead corners caused by the wave blocking design of the triangular flow blocking portion 53 and the inclined portion 521, so that fish and shrimps that run here with the waves can return to the water.

[0031] As another embodiment further provided by the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the inclined portion 521 is provided with a backflow channel 5211 that is arranged in close contact with the ground, and also includes a pebble layer 523 distributed at the bottom of the three tidal pools 51, and the backflow channel 5211 is connected to the pebble layer 523. Furthermore, the bottoms of the three tidal pools 51 are respectively provided with vertical shafts 524 that are connected to the pebble layer 523, and the vertical shafts 524 are filled with stream stone layers.

[0032] Specifically, there are some backflow channels 5211 that are in contact with the ground on the inclined surface 521, and these backflow channels 5211 are connected to the pebble layers 523 at the bottom of the three tidal pools 51. A vertical shaft 524 is also opened at the bottom of the tidal pool 51, which is filled with stream stones and communicated with the pebble layer. The above structure can enhance the water circulation of the tidal pool 51, improve the water quality, and also provide a richer ecological environment for the salt marsh vegetation.

[0033] As another embodiment further provided by the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the ecological protection bank 7 is a slope protection constructed by piling up rough stones; The muddy beach 6 is divided into a first enclosure 61 and a second enclosure 62 symmetrically distributed about the center of the first enclosure 61 according to the structure; The top of the first sealing pile 61 is a plane, while the top of the second sealing pile 62 is a circular arc top, and the top of the circular arc top is in the same horizontal plane as the center point of the first sealing pile 61; The composite geotextile module 8 is laid on the side of the first sealing pile 61 and the outer side of the second sealing pile 62 on one side, and the composite geotextile module 8 is located between the top of the arc top of the second sealing pile 62 and the ecological protection pile bank 7, and a steel cable pulling member 9 is provided; The geobag pile 10 covers the composite geotextile module 8 , and the horizontal plane formed by the top is in the same horizontal plane as the top of the first sealing pile 61 .

[0034] Specifically, the ecological protection bank 7 is a slope protection made of stones, and the muddy beach 6 is divided into two symmetrical parts: the first pile 61 is a flat top, and the second pile 62 is an arc-shaped top. The tops of these two parts are on the same horizontal line. The composite geotextile module 8 is laid on the flat top and the outer side of the arc on one side, and between the arc-shaped top on the other side and the ecological protection bank 7, it is reinforced with a steel cable puller 9. The geotextile bag pile 10 is covered on the geotextile 81, and its top is also on the same horizontal line as the flat top. The stability of the beach is greatly enhanced, soil erosion is prevented, and a solid foundation is provided for the growth of salt marsh vegetation.

[0035] As another embodiment further provided by the present invention, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the negative pressure component 82 is a prefabricated concrete component, and is divided into an insertion portion 821, an extended plug-in portion 822 and an extended slot portion 823 according to the structure; The slot formed on the extended slot portion 823 is plugged into the protrusion formed on the end surface of the extended plug-in portion 822 .

[0036] Furthermore, a grouting interface pipe 824 is provided on the extension plug-in portion 822, and the grouting interface pipe 824 is communicated with a grouting pipe 825 fixedly provided in the extension slot portion 823; The insertion portion 821 is plugged into the injection-molded cone rod 83 . The interior of the injection-molded cone rod 83 is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is communicated with the grouting pipe 825 .

[0037] Secondly, it also includes a positioning member 84, which is inserted from the insertion portion 821, extends into the hollow structure of the injection-molded cone rod 83, and is finally inserted and fixed with the bottom of the hollow structure; A predetermined distance is maintained between the side wall of the positioning member 84 and the hollow structure, and a spiral groove 841 is formed on the side wall of the positioning member 84 .

[0038] Specifically, during construction, the geotextile 81 is pre-pressed Figure 2 The geotextile 81 is laid as shown, and then one side of the geotextile 81 is driven into the top of the first closure pile 61 by means of a concrete column for fixation.

[0039] Furthermore, the negative pressure component 82 applies negative pressure to the geotextile 81, that is, the extended plug-in portion 822 and the extended slot portion 823 are covered, and the insertion portion 821 is located at the center of the mesh of the geotextile 81. Then the injection molded cone rod 83 is inserted through the center hole on the insertion portion 821 and implanted into the muddy beach 6, and then the positioning member 84 is passed through the insertion portion 821 and implanted into the hollow structure of the injection molded cone rod 83. At this time, the concrete slurry is sucked through the sludge pump, and then injected into it through the injection interface pipe 824, and finally reaches the hollow structure of the injection molded cone rod 83 along the grouting pipe 825, thereby enhancing the integrity.

[0040] As another embodiment further provided by the present invention, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a window is provided on the outer wall of the injection-molded cone rod 83, and a sealing plate 85 is rotatably connected in the window. A channel is provided in the injection-molded cone rod 83 to connect the hollow structure with the window. The maximum flip angle of the sealing plate 85 is 25°-35°, and there are several windows, which are distributed in a spiral curve array along the outer wall of the injection-molded cone rod 83.

[0041] Specifically, after the concrete slurry in the above embodiment reaches the hollow structure of the injection-molded cone rod 83 along the grouting pipe 825, the spiral groove 841 causes the concrete slurry to rotate and flow, and then the concrete slurry enters the window through the channel to push the sealing plate 85 open, thereby allowing the concrete slurry to pour into the muddy beach 6, thereby enhancing its overall stability and durability.

[0042] The ecological protection method based on the spatial configuration of the above-mentioned muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation includes the following steps: S01. As the tide increases, the tide will successively flood the hibiscus planting area 1, the reed planting area 2, the salt marsh plant planting area 3 and the saltwort salsa plant planting area 4; S02, when the tide continues to rise, the three tide pools 51 extending to the artificial tide pool 5 are stepped to discharge the tide; S03. As the tide continues to rise, the tide flows down from the third-level tidal pool 51 and then gradually floods the muddy beach 6, while the geobag pile 10 is located between the muddy beach 6 and the ecological protection pile bank 7.

[0043] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation, characterized in that: include: A simulated beach belt system, which includes a hibiscus planting area (1), a reed planting area (2), a salt marsh plant planting area (3) and a salsa salsa planting area (4) arranged in sequence from the coastal beach to the inland; A civil air defense system, comprising an artificial tidal pool (5), a muddy beach (6) and an ecological protection bank (7), wherein a geobag pile (10) is stacked in the area between the muddy beach (6) and the ecological protection bank (7), wherein: Composite geotextile modules (8) are laid on the ground of the muddy beach (6) facing the ecological protection bank (7) and in the area between the muddy beach (6) and the ecological protection bank (7); The composite geotextile module (8) comprises a grid-shaped geotextile (81) and an injection-molded conical rod (83). The injection-molded conical rod (83) is inserted through the mesh of the geotextile (81) into the muddy beach (6), and the geotextile (81) is pressed and fixed by a negative pressure component (82) fixedly installed at its end.

2. The spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The artificial tidal pool (5) comprises at least three tidal pool positions (51), and the three tidal pool positions (51) increase in height from the Suaeda salsa planting area (4) toward the muddy beach (6); It also includes a wave-blocking portion (52) fixedly arranged on one side of the artificial tidal pool (5) adjacent to the Suaeda salsa planting area (4); The tide-facing surface of the wave-blocking portion (52) is divided into an inclined portion (521) and an arc-shaped portion (522) according to the structure, and the end surface of the pool mouth of the first-level tidal pool (51) and the top of the arc-shaped portion (522) are in the same horizontal plane; A triangular flow-blocking portion (53) is fixedly arranged on the inclined portion (521), and a plurality of water return grooves (531) distributed in a linear array are provided on the triangular flow-blocking portion (53), the water return grooves (531) are distributed in parallel with the inclined portion (521), and the water return grooves (531) are divided into a wide opening and a narrow opening according to the structure, and the wide opening is distributed toward one side of the arc-shaped portion (522).

3. The spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The end of the arc-shaped portion (522) is provided with a gap flow groove (5221) extending to the top of the arc, and each of the gap flow grooves (5221) is distributed between two of the return water grooves (531); The cross-section of the gap flow channel (5221) is an isosceles trapezoid, and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid is distributed toward the first-stage tidal pool position (51).

4. The spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inclined portion (521) is provided with a backflow channel (5211) that is arranged in close contact with the ground, and also includes a pebble layer (523) distributed at the bottom of the three tidal pools (51), and the backflow channel (5211) is connected to the pebble layer (523); The bottoms of the three tidal pools (51) are respectively provided with vertical shafts (524) connected to the pebble pile layer (523), and the vertical shafts (524) are filled with stream stone pile layers.

5. The spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological protection bank (7) is a slope protection constructed by piling up rough stones; The muddy beach (6) is divided into a first enclosure (61) and a second enclosure (62) symmetrically distributed about the center of the first enclosure (61) according to the structure; The top of the first sealing pile (61) is a plane, while the top of the second sealing pile (62) is a circular arc top, and the top of the circular arc top is in the same horizontal plane as the center point of the first sealing pile (61); The composite geotextile module (8) is laid on the side of the first enclosure (61) and the outer side of one side of the second enclosure (62), and a steel cable pulling member (9) is provided between the composite geotextile module (8) located at the top of the arc top of the second enclosure (62) and the ecological protection bank (7); The geobag pile (10) covers the composite geotextile module (8), and the horizontal plane formed by the top is at the same horizontal plane as the top of the first sealing pile (61).

6. The spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure component (82) is a prefabricated concrete component and is divided into an insertion portion (821), an extended insertion portion (822) and an extended slot portion (823) according to the structure; The slot provided on the extended slot portion (823) is plugged into the raised portion provided on the end surface of the extended plug-in portion (822).

7. The spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extended plug-in portion (822) is provided with a grouting interface pipe (824), and the grouting interface pipe (824) is communicated with a grouting pipe (825) fixedly arranged in the extended slot portion (823); The insertion portion (821) is plugged into the injection-molded cone rod (83); the interior of the injection-molded cone rod (83) is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is in communication with the grouting pipe (825).

8. The spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning piece (84), wherein the positioning piece (84) is inserted from the insertion portion (821), extends into the hollow structure of the injection-molded cone rod (83), and is finally inserted and fixed to the bottom of the hollow structure; A predetermined distance is maintained between the side wall of the positioning member (84) and the hollow structure, and a spiral groove (841) is provided on the side wall of the positioning member (84).

9. The spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation according to claim 8, characterized in that: A window is provided on the outer wall of the injection-molded cone rod (83), and a sealing plate (85) is rotatably connected in the window. A channel is provided in the injection-molded cone rod (83) to connect the hollow structure with the window. The maximum flip angle of the sealing plate (85) is 25°-35°, and the number of windows is several and distributed in a spiral curve array along the outer wall of the injection-molded cone rod (83).

10. An ecological protection method, applied to the spatial configuration of muddy coastal salt marsh vegetation as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S01. As the tide increases, the tide successively covers the hibiscus planting area (1), the reed planting area (2), the salt marsh plant planting area (3) and the saltwort salsa plant planting area (4); S02, when the tide continues to rise, the three tide pools (51) extending to the artificial tide pool (5) are used to discharge the tide in a stepped manner; S03. As the tide continues to rise, the tide flows down from the third-level tidal pool (51) and then gradually floods the muddy beach (6), while the geobag pile (10) is located between the muddy beach (6) and the ecological protection pile (7).

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