Silage additive for pennisetum hydridum and silage method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of silage, and provides a pennisetum hydridum silage additive which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-15% of table salt, 40-70% of a microbial fermentation agent, 5-10% of an enzyme preparation, 10-15% of antioxidant active lactic acid bacteria and 5-10% of a degradation agent. The bacillus licheniformis disclosed by the invention can secrete lichenin, can quickly consume free oxygen in the environment in an aerobic state to generate a strong biological oxygen abstracting effect, and is matched with the bacillus subtilis to quickly create an anaerobic environment and promote the growth of anaerobic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and meanwhile, enzymes are generated to decompose cellulose, so that the content of fibrous substances is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of silage, and specifically, to a silage additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb. and a silage method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pennisetum sinese Roxb. is a high-quality perennial gramineous plant. It is a high-quality forage grass with broad planting prospects and multiple uses. Its characteristics of high yield and high quality make it have important application values in animal husbandry, ecological construction, industrial raw materials, etc. In order to better preserve Pennisetum sinese Roxb., Pennisetum sinese Roxb. can be fermented, and correspondingly, a silage additive needs to be added to improve the fermentation effect.

[0003] After retrieval, the "additive for forage grass silage" disclosed in Chinese Patent (Publication No.: CN114532445A) includes: Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Acetobacter aceti, Lactobacillus brevis, Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, and Astragalus membranaceus extract, and the Streptococcus lactis and Streptococcus faecalis need to be activated; The "silage additive for forage grass silage" disclosed in Chinese Patent (Publication No.: CN112515045A) includes the following fermentation strains: Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Acetobacter aceti, Lactobacillus brevis, Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis.

[0004] This type of patent improves the content of lactic acid bacteria in the fermentation process by adding some strains (such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Acetobacter aceti, etc.). However, these additives are not suitable for the silage fermentation of Pennisetum sinese Roxb., and the specific reasons are as follows: First, Pennisetum sinese Roxb. contains a large amount of fibrous substances, and the existing silage additives cannot effectively degrade the fibrous substances during fermentation. These fibrous substances pose a certain challenge to the digestive system of animals because they are relatively difficult to digest and absorb. Excessive intake of fibrous substances may cause problems such as indigestion and insufficient nutrient absorption in animals; Second, due to the high content of cellulose in Pennisetum sinese Roxb., Pennisetum sinese Roxb. is prone to oxidation and mildew during fermentation. And the existing conventional additives all contain preservatives (such as ammonium compounds, organic acids, urea, etc.). These inorganic chemical additives have certain corrosiveness and pose potential safety hazards to humans and livestock. In view of this, the present invention provides a silage additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb. and a silage method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a silage additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb., which solves the problem that the existing silage additives cannot effectively degrade fibrous substances during fermentation.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A silage additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb. comprises the following raw materials by mass percentage: 10%-15% of table salt, 40%-70% of microbial fermenting agent, 5%-10% of enzyme preparation, 10%-15% of antioxidant active lactic acid bacteria, and 5%-10% of degrading agent.

[0007] Preferably, the microbial fermenting agent comprises the following fermenting bacteria by mass percentage: 20%-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 15%-20% of yeast, 5%-8% of Bacillus subtilis, 4%-8% of Bacillus licheniformis, 5%-10% of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 12%-15% of Acetobacter aceti, and 12%-16% of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

[0008] Preferably, the enzyme preparation comprises the following enzyme agents by mass percentage: 30%-40% of cellulase, 20%-35% of hemicellulase, 15%-25% of xylanase, and 12%-25% of pectinase.

[0009] Preferably, the degrading agent comprises the following degrading bacteria by mass percentage: 35%-45% of cellulose-degrading bacteria, 25%-36% of hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and 20%-35% of lignin-degrading bacteria.

[0010] The present invention also provides a silage method for Pennisetum sinese Roxb., which is realized by using the silage additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb., and comprises the following steps: S1: Chopping treatment. Select 1500 kg of fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb., dry the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. by using a drying device, control the water content of the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. between 65%-70%, and then chop the selected Pennisetum sinese Roxb. by using a forage chopping and shredding machine. The length of the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. is 2.5-3 cm. S2: Preparing the silage additive. The specific implementation process is as follows: (1) Put the raw materials of 10 kg of the silage additive into the mixing container of a blender according to the mass percentage, and then add 10 kg of water into the mixing container for mixing. (2) Start the blender to run according to the preset parameters. Among them, the stirring speed is 14-33 r / min, and the stirring time is 10-20 min. (3) After the stirring is completed, observe whether there is precipitation or uneven mixing in the mixed solution. If there is precipitation or uneven mixing, stirring is required until the mixture is uniform to obtain the silage additive, and then take it out for standby. S3: Mixing treatment. Put the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments in S1 into a large-capacity mixer, and then add the silage additive prepared in S2 into the mixer to fully mix with the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments, so that the silage additive solution adheres to all the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments. S4: Sealed fermentation. Take out the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. sections in S3 and put them into the silo, then seal the silo and ferment continuously for 25 - 40 days to obtain the corresponding silage of Pennisetum sinese Roxb.

[0011] Preferably, in S1, the specific steps of the drying process of fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. are as follows: (1). Wash the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. thoroughly with clean water to ensure that there are no obvious impurities on the surface of the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb., and then place it on the drain net to drain. (2). Start the dryer to preheat the inside of the drying cylinder, and the preheating temperature is 60 - 80 °C. (3). After the preheating is completed, gradually add the drained Pennisetum sinese Roxb. into the drying cylinder to avoid uneven drying and agglomeration blockage of the material caused by excessive or too fast feeding at one time. (4). Closely monitor the drying situation of the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. to ensure that the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. achieves the expected drying effect.

[0012] Preferably, in S3, the specific mixing process of Pennisetum sinese Roxb. and the silage additive is as follows: (1). Divide the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. sections and introduce them into the mixer in multiple times to avoid excessive feeding at one time affecting the subsequent mixing effect. (2). Start the mixer to make it work according to the preset parameters. Among them, the rotation speed of the mixer is 30 - 36 r / min. (3). Gradually introduce the silage additive into the mixer to mix with the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. sections, and use the method of adding materials while stirring to ensure that the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. and the silage additive are fully mixed.

[0013] Preferably, in S4, the specific process of sealed fermentation is as follows: (1). Load the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. sections into the silo, trample while filling, and then seal the silage container. (2). Adjust the fermentation conditions in the silage container, control the temperature at 25 - 30 °C, and control the humidity at 65% - 80%. (3). Take samples from the corner parts in the silage container for detection after 25 days. If the texture of the sampled Pennisetum sinese Roxb. particles becomes soft, the fermentation is successful.

[0014] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Bacillus subtilis: Aerobic bacteria can consume oxygen to create an anaerobic environment. At the same time, Bacillus subtilis cells themselves synthesize cellulase to promote the decomposition of cellulose, and synthesize protease to promote animal intestinal digestion. Bacillus licheniformis: It can secrete lichenin, which can rapidly consume the free oxygen in the environment under aerobic conditions, produce a powerful biological oxygen scavenging effect, cooperate with Bacillus subtilis to quickly create an anaerobic environment, promote the growth of anaerobic bacteria Lactobacillus, and at the same time produce enzymes to decompose cellulose, thereby reducing the content of fibrous substances. Cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and lignin-degrading bacteria can further promote the decomposition of fibrous substances, thus greatly reducing the content of fibrous substances. Antioxidant-active lactic acid bacteria: Antioxidant-active lactic acid bacteria refer to a class of lactic acid bacteria with antioxidant ability. They can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body, control the proliferation of spoilage bacteria and pathogenic bacteria, extend the storage time of feed, preserve nutrients at the same time, ensure the safety of feed, and are safer than the preservatives added in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a table diagram of the content of each component after fermentation in the embodiment of the present invention. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of the present invention. Embodiment

[0018] This embodiment provides a silage additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb., which includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: 10% salt, 70% microbial fermenting agent, 5% enzyme preparation, 10% antioxidant-active lactic acid bacteria, and 5% degrading agent.

[0019] Furthermore, the microbial fermenting agent includes the following fermenting bacteria by mass percentage: 30% lactic acid bacteria, 20% yeast, 5% Bacillus subtilis, 4% Bacillus licheniformis, 10% Lactobacillus acidophilus, 15% Acetobacter aceti, and 16% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

[0020] Furthermore, the enzyme preparation includes the following enzyme agents by mass percentage: 30% cellulase, 20% hemicellulase, 25% xylanase, and 25% pectinase.

[0021] Furthermore, 30% cellulose-degrading bacteria, 35% hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and 35% lignin-degrading bacteria.

[0022] Bacillus subtilis: Aerobic bacteria can consume oxygen to create an anaerobic environment. At the same time, Bacillus subtilis cells themselves synthesize cellulase to promote the decomposition of cellulose, and synthesize protease to promote animal intestinal digestion. Bacillus licheniformis: It can secrete lichenin, which can rapidly consume the free oxygen in the environment under aerobic conditions, producing a strong biological oxygen deprivation effect. Cooperating with Bacillus subtilis, it can quickly create an anaerobic environment, promote the growth of anaerobic bacteria Lactobacillus, and at the same time produce enzymes to decompose cellulose, thereby reducing the content of fibrous substances; Cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and lignin-degrading bacteria can further promote the decomposition of fibrous substances, thereby greatly reducing the content of fibrous substances; Antioxidant-active lactic acid bacteria: Antioxidant-active lactic acid bacteria refer to a class of lactic acid bacteria with antioxidant ability. They can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body, control the proliferation of spoilage bacteria and pathogenic bacteria, extend the storage time of feed, and at the same time preserve nutrients to ensure the safety of feed, which is safer than the preservatives added in the prior art.

[0023] The present invention also provides a silage method for Pennisetum sinese Roxb., which is realized by using a silage additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb., and includes the following steps: S1: Chopping treatment. Select 1500 kg of fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb., dry the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. using a drying device, control the water content of the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. to be between 65%, and then chop the selected Pennisetum sinese Roxb. using a forage chopping and shredding machine. The length of the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. is 2.5 cm; S2: Prepare the silage additive. The specific implementation process is as follows: (1) Put 10 kg of each raw material of the silage additive into the mixing container of the mixer according to the mass percentage, and then add 10 kg of water to the mixing container for mixing; (2) Start the mixer to run according to the preset parameters. Among them, the mixing speed is 33 r / min, and the mixing time is 10 min; (3) After mixing, observe whether there is precipitation or uneven mixing in the mixed solution. If there is precipitation or uneven mixing, it needs to be stirred until it is evenly mixed to obtain the silage additive, and then take it out for standby; S3: Mixing treatment. Put the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments in S1 into a large-capacity mixer, and then add the silage additive prepared in S2 into the mixer to fully mix with the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments, so that the silage additive solution adheres to all Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments; S4: Sealed fermentation. Take out the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments in S3 and put them into a silage pit, then seal the silage pit and ferment continuously for 25 - 40 days to obtain the corresponding silage feed of Pennisetum sinese Roxb.

[0024] Furthermore, in S1, the specific steps of the drying process of fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. are as follows: (1) Wash the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. thoroughly with clean water to ensure that there are no obvious impurities on the surface of the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb., and then place it on a drain net to drain; (2) Start the dryer to preheat the inside of the drying cylinder, and the preheating temperature is 80°C; (3) After the preheating is completed, gradually add the drained Pennisetum hydridum to the drying cylinder to avoid uneven drying and agglomeration blockage of the material caused by excessive or too fast feeding at one time; (4) Closely monitor the drying situation of Pennisetum hydridum to ensure that the expected drying effect is achieved.

[0025] Further, in S3, the specific mixing process of Pennisetum hydridum and the silage additive is as follows: (1) Divide the Pennisetum hydridum segments into multiple times and introduce them into the mixer to avoid affecting the subsequent mixing effect due to excessive feeding at one time; (2) Start the mixer to make it work according to the preset parameters. Among them, the rotation speed of the mixer is 36 r / min; (3) Gradually introduce the silage additive into the mixer to mix with the Pennisetum hydridum segments, and adopt the method of adding materials while stirring to ensure full mixing of Pennisetum hydridum and the silage additive.

[0026] Further, in S4, the specific process of sealed fermentation is as follows: (1) Load the Pennisetum hydridum segments into the silage pit, trample while filling, and then seal the silage container; (2) Adjust the fermentation conditions in the silage container, control the temperature at 25°C, and control the humidity at 80%; (3) After 25 days, take samples from the corner parts in the silage container for testing. If the texture of the sampled Pennisetum hydridum particles becomes soft, the fermentation is successful. Example

[0027] This example proposes a silage additive for Pennisetum hydridum, which includes the following raw materials according to mass percentage: 15% salt, 55% microbial fermenting agent, 10% enzyme preparation, 12% antioxidant active lactic acid bacteria, 8% degrading agent.

[0028] Further, the microbial fermenting agent includes the following fermenting bacteria according to mass percentage: 30% lactic acid bacteria, 20% yeast, 8% Bacillus subtilis, 8% Bacillus licheniformis, 10% Lactobacillus acidophilus, 12% Acetobacter aceti, 12% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

[0029] Further, the enzyme preparation includes the following enzyme agents according to mass percentage: 30% cellulase, 25% hemicellulase, 20% xylanase, 25% pectinase.

[0030] Further, 40% cellulose-degrading bacteria, 30% hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, 30% lignin-degrading bacteria.

[0031] The present invention also provides a method for ensiling Pennisetum sinese Roxb., which is achieved by using an ensiling additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb., and includes the following steps: S1: Chopping treatment. Select 1500 kg of fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb., dry the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. using a drying device, control the water content of the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. to be between 65%, and then chop the selected Pennisetum sinese Roxb. using a forage chopping and shredding machine. The length of the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. is 3 cm. S2: Prepare the ensiling additive. The specific implementation process is as follows: (1) Put the raw materials of 10 kg of the ensiling additive into the mixing container of the mixer according to the mass percentage, and then add 10 kg of water to the mixing container for mixing. (2) Start the mixer to run according to the preset parameters. Among them, the mixing speed is 30 r / min, and the mixing time is 15 min. (3) After the mixing is completed, observe whether there is precipitation or uneven mixing in the mixed solution. If there is precipitation or uneven mixing, stirring is required until the mixture is uniform to obtain the ensiling additive, and then take it out for standby. S3: Mixing treatment. Put the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments in S1 into a large-capacity mixer, and then add the ensiling additive prepared in S2 into the mixer to fully mix with the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments, so that the ensiling additive solution adheres to all the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments. S4: Sealed fermentation. Take out the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments in S3 and put them into a silo, then seal the silo and ferment for 25 - 40 days to obtain the corresponding ensiled feed of Pennisetum sinese Roxb.

[0032] Further, in S1, the specific steps of the drying process of the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. are as follows: (1) Wash the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. clean with clean water to ensure that there are no obvious impurities on the surface of the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb., and then place it on a drain net to drain. (2) Start the dryer to preheat the inside of the drying cylinder, and the preheating temperature is 65°C. (3) After the preheating is completed, gradually add the drained Pennisetum sinese Roxb. into the drying cylinder to avoid uneven drying and agglomeration blockage of the material caused by excessive or too fast feeding at one time. (4) Pay close attention to the drying situation of the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. to ensure that the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. reaches the expected drying effect.

[0033] Further, in S3, the specific mixing process of the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. and the ensiling additive is as follows: (1) Divide the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments into multiple times and introduce them into the mixer to avoid excessive feeding at one time affecting the subsequent mixing effect. (2) Start the mixer to make it work according to the preset parameters. Among them, the rotation speed of the mixer is 30 - 36 r / min. (3) Gradually introduce the silage additive into the mixer and mix it with the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. sections. While adding the material, stir it to ensure that the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. and the silage additive are fully mixed.

[0034] Further, in S4, the specific process of sealed fermentation is as follows: (1) Load the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. sections into the silage pit, trample them while loading, and then seal the silage container. (2) Adjust the fermentation conditions in the silage container, control the temperature at 30 °C and the humidity at 80%. (3) After 25 days, take samples from the corner parts in the silage container for testing. If the texture of the sampled Pennisetum sinese Roxb. particles becomes soft, the fermentation is successful. Example

[0035] This example provides a silage additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb., which includes the following raw materials calculated by mass percentage: 10% salt, 60% microbial fermenting agent, 5% enzyme preparation, 15% antioxidant active lactic acid bacteria, and 10% degrading agent.

[0036] Further, the microbial fermenting agent includes the following fermenting bacteria by mass percentage: 30% lactic acid bacteria, 20% yeast, 5% Bacillus subtilis, 5% Bacillus licheniformis, 10% Lactobacillus acidophilus, 15% Acetobacter aceti, and 15% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

[0037] Further, the enzyme preparation includes the following enzyme agents by mass percentage: 35% cellulase, 25% hemicellulase, 25% xylanase, and 15% pectinase.

[0038] Further, 40% cellulose-degrading bacteria, 25% hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and 35% lignin-degrading bacteria.

[0039] The present invention also provides a silage method for Pennisetum sinese Roxb., which is realized by using the silage additive for Pennisetum sinese Roxb. and includes the following steps: S1: Chopping treatment. Select 1500 kg of fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb., dry the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. using a drying device, control the water content of the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. at 70%, and then chop the selected Pennisetum sinese Roxb. using a forage chopping and shredding machine. The length of the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. is 2.8 cm. S2: Prepare the silage additive. The specific implementation process is as follows: (1) Put the raw materials of 10 kg of the silage additive into the mixing container of the mixer according to the mass percentage, and then add 10 kg of water to the mixing container for mixing. (2) Start the mixer and run it according to the preset parameters. Among them, the stirring speed is 30 r / min and the stirring time is 20 min. (3) After the stirring is completed, observe whether there is precipitation in the mixed solution or whether it is evenly mixed. If there is precipitation or uneven mixing, stirring is required until it is evenly mixed to obtain the silage additive, and then take it out for standby; S3: Mixing treatment. Put the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments in S1 into a large-capacity mixer, and then add the silage additive prepared in S2 into the mixer to fully mix with the chopped Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments, so that the silage additive solution adheres to all the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments; S4: Sealed fermentation. Take out the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments in S3 and put them into the silage pit, then seal the silage pit and ferment continuously for 25 - 40 days to obtain the corresponding silage feed of Pennisetum sinese Roxb.

[0040] Furthermore, in S1, the specific steps of the drying process of fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. are as follows: (1) Wash the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb. thoroughly with clean water to ensure that there are no obvious impurities on the surface of the fresh Pennisetum sinese Roxb., and then place it on the drain net to drain; (2) Start the dryer to preheat the inside of the drying cylinder, and the preheating temperature is 75°C; (3) After the preheating is completed, gradually add the drained Pennisetum sinese Roxb. into the drying cylinder to avoid excessive or too fast feeding at one time, which may cause uneven drying of the material and agglomeration and blockage; (4) Closely monitor the drying situation of the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. to ensure that the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. reaches the expected drying effect.

[0041] Furthermore, in S3, the specific mixing process of Pennisetum sinese Roxb. and the silage additive is as follows: (1) Divide the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments into multiple times and introduce them into the mixer to avoid excessive feeding at one time, which may affect the subsequent mixing effect; (2) Start the mixer to make it work according to the preset parameters. Among them, the rotation speed of the mixer is 36 r / min; (3) Gradually introduce the silage additive into the mixer to mix with the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments, and adopt the method of adding materials while stirring to ensure full mixing of the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. and the silage additive.

[0042] Furthermore, in S4, the specific process of sealed fermentation is as follows: (1) Load the Pennisetum sinese Roxb. segments into the silage pit, step on and press while loading, and then seal the silage container; (2) Adjust the fermentation conditions in the silage container, control the temperature at 25°C and the humidity at 75%; (3) After 25 days, take samples from the corner parts in the silage container for testing. If the texture of the sampled Pennisetum sinese Roxb. particles becomes soft, the fermentation is successful.

[0043] Control group: A silage additive, calculated by mass percentage, comprises the following raw materials: 10% of table salt, 75% of microbial fermenting agent, 5% of enzyme preparation, and 10% of antioxidant active lactic acid bacteria. The silage of Pennisetum sinese Roxb. is carried out by using the silage additive, and the silage method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0044] Experimental certification: Equal amounts of samples of the successfully fermented feeds in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and the comparative example are taken out respectively, and then component detection is carried out respectively. The detection results are as Figure 1 shown; It can be Figure 1 seen that with the increase of the content of the degrading agent, the acidity of the fermented feed is stronger and more conducive to preservation, and the fibrous substances are greatly reduced, which is beneficial for animals to eat and has better nutritional value.

[0045] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silage additive for king grass, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the following raw materials are included: 10%-15% salt, 40%-70% microbial fermentation agent, 5%-10% enzyme preparation, 10%-15% antioxidant active lactic acid bacteria, and 5%-10% degradation agent.

2. The silage additive of king grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial fermentation agent includes the following fermentation bacteria in percentage by mass: 20%-40% lactic acid bacteria, 15%-20% yeast, 5%-8% Bacillus subtilis, 4%-8% Bacillus licheniformis, 5%-10% Lactobacillus acidophilus, 12%-15% Acetobacter aceti, and 12%-16% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

3. The silage additive of king grass according to claim 2, characterized in that: The enzyme preparation comprises the following enzymes in percentage by weight: 30%-40% cellulase, 20%-35% hemicellulase, 15%-25% xylanase, and 12%-25% pectinase.

4. The silage additive of king grass and the silage method thereof according to claim 3, characterized in that: The degradation agent includes the following degradation bacteria in percentage by weight: 35%-45% of cellulose-degrading bacteria, 25%-36% of hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and 20%-35% of lignin-degrading bacteria.

5. A method for silage of royal bamboo grass, achieved by using the royal bamboo grass silage additive according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: chopping process, select 1500 kg of fresh king grass, use drying equipment to dry the fresh king grass, control the moisture content of the king grass to between 65% and 70%, and then use a grass chopping and shredding machine to chop the selected king grass, the length of the chopping king grass is 2.5-3 cm; S2: Prepare silage additives. The specific implementation process is as follows: (1) Put 10 kg of the raw materials of the silage additive into the mixing container of the mixer according to the mass percentage, and then add 10 kg of water into the mixing container to mix; (2) Start the mixer and run it according to the preset parameters, where the stirring speed is 14-33r / min and the stirring time is 10-20min; (3) After stirring, observe whether the mixed solution has precipitation or is mixed evenly. If there is precipitation or uneven mixing, stir until the mixture is evenly mixed to obtain the silage additive, and then take it out for use; S3: Mixing treatment, putting the cut grass segments in S1 into a large-capacity mixer, and then adding the silage additive prepared in S2 into the mixer and fully mixing with the cut grass segments, so that the silage additive solution is adhered to all the grass segments; S4: sealed fermentation, taking out the grass segments in S3 and putting them into a silo, then sealing the silo, and continuing the fermentation for 25-40 days to obtain the corresponding grass silage.

6. The silage method of King Grass according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S1, the specific steps of the drying process of fresh royal bamboo grass are as follows: (1) Wash the fresh royal bamboo grass with clean water to ensure that there are no obvious impurities on the surface of the fresh royal bamboo grass, and then place it on a drain to drain; (2) Start the dryer to preheat the inside of the drying cylinder at a temperature of 60-80°C; (3) After preheating, gradually add the drained royal bamboo grass into the drying cylinder to avoid excessive or too fast feeding at one time, which may cause uneven drying of the material and clumping and clogging; (4) Pay close attention to the drying condition of the grass to ensure that the grass achieves the expected drying effect.

7. The silage method of King Grass according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, the specific mixing process of royal bamboo grass and silage additives is as follows: (1) Introduce the grass segments into the mixer in multiple batches to avoid excessive feeding at one time that affects the subsequent mixing effect; (2) Start the mixer to make it work according to the preset parameters, wherein the rotation speed of the mixer is 30-36r / min; (3) Gradually introduce the silage additive into the mixer and mix it with the elephant grass segment. Use the method of stirring and adding materials to ensure that the elephant grass and the silage additive are fully mixed.

8. The method for silage of king grass according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S4, the specific process of sealed fermentation is as follows: (1) Fill the grass segments into the silo, press them down as they are filled, and then seal the silo container; (2) Adjust the fermentation conditions in the silage container, control the temperature at 25-30°C and the humidity at 65%-80%; (3) After 25 days, samples are taken from the corners of the silage container for testing. If the texture of the sampled grass particles becomes soft, fermentation is successful.

Images