Blue Carbon Monitoring and Intelligent Regulation System for Ocean Ranch Based on Surplus Energy Supply of Offshore Wind Power

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of ocean engineering technology, and specifically relates to a blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the supply of surplus energy from offshore wind power, including a surplus wind energy capture and standardization module, an environmental parameter acquisition module, a blue carbon storage calculation module, an ecological regulation parameter generation module, and an execution feedback optimization module; wherein: The surplus wind energy capture and standardization module: is used to collect the surplus electric energy of the offshore wind farm in real time; The environmental parameter acquisition module: collects a multi-source environmental parameter set; The blue carbon storage calculation module: calculates and outputs the blue carbon storage index hourly; The ecological regulation parameter generation module: is used to generate a regulation parameter set. The present invention realizes the integrated coordination of multi-source environmental monitoring, dynamic assessment of carbon storage, and intelligent ecological regulation by constructing a closed-loop linkage mechanism for surplus wind energy and blue carbon regulation, effectively improving the blue carbon formation efficiency of ocean ranching and the utilization rate of wind power resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, and particularly to a blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, ocean ranching and offshore wind power are still in a state of independent development, and an effective energy-carbon coupling mechanism has not been established. There are the following core problems: First, there is a lack of intelligent monitoring means for multi-source environmental parameters driven by surplus wind power, and real-time blue carbon flux assessment cannot be achieved; second, an ecological regulation mechanism based on dynamic optimization of carbon sink targets has not been established, and the aquaculture density, spatial structure, and nutrient perturbation strategies cannot be intelligently adjusted according to changes in carbon storage; third, the surplus wind energy has not been effectively converted into ecological regulation resources, and the power distribution still relies on static priority settings, with insufficient response capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power.

[0004] The blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power includes a surplus wind energy capture and standardization module, an environmental parameter acquisition module, a blue carbon storage calculation module, an ecological regulation parameter generation module, and an execution feedback optimization module; wherein:

[0005] The surplus wind energy capture and standardization module: is used to collect the surplus electric energy of the offshore wind farm in real time, and generate standardized electric energy through three-stage filtering and voltage shaping;

[0006] The environmental parameter acquisition module: receives the standardized electric energy as the power supply input, and is used to drive the sensor groups deployed on the sea surface, in the water body, and on the seabed to synchronously collect a multi-source environmental parameter set, including seawater pH value, dissolved organic carbon concentration, macroalgae biomass, and shellfish calcification rate;

[0007] The blue carbon storage calculation module: based on the multi-source environmental parameter set, calculates and outputs blue carbon storage indicators hour by hour through a carbon flux dynamic model, including carbon deposition per unit area, biological carbon fixation efficiency, and carbon sink stability coefficient;

[0008] The ecological regulation parameter generation module: based on the blue carbon storage indicators output by the blue carbon storage calculation module, combines the preset carbon sink target threshold to generate a set of regulation parameters, including the correction value of seaweed proliferation density, the spatial reconfiguration plan of the shellfish aquaculture area, and the triggering time of artificial upwelling;

[0009] Execution feedback optimization module: used to convert the regulation parameter set into aquaculture facility control instructions and execute them, and at the same time collect the environmental parameter change amount after execution, and feedback it to the wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module to dynamically adjust the distribution priority of the standardized electric energy.

[0010] Optionally, the wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module includes an excess electric energy collection unit, a three-stage filtering unit, a voltage shaping unit, and an energy storage distribution unit; among them:

[0011] Excess electric energy collection unit: connected in parallel to the transmission line of the offshore wind farm, used to monitor the output power of the wind farm in real time through the grid-connected inverter. When the real-time output power exceeds 105% of the rated grid-connected power threshold of the wind farm, the electric energy exceeding the threshold is determined as excess electric energy and collected.

[0012] Three-stage filtering unit: used to receive the electric energy output by the excess electric energy collection unit, and sequentially pass through a first-stage low-pass filter, a second-stage band-pass filter, and a third-stage active filter to obtain stable filtered electric energy.

[0013] Voltage shaping unit: used to receive the stable electric energy output by the three-stage filtering unit, adjust the voltage through a voltage regulator, and use PWM pulse width modulation technology to shape the electric energy waveform, correct the irregular waveform into a standard sine wave, and output standardized electric energy with a stable amplitude and frequency.

[0014] Energy storage distribution unit: includes an energy storage device and a power distribution controller. The energy storage device is used to store standardized electric energy; the power distribution controller is used to distribute standardized electric energy in the priority order of blue carbon monitoring > ecological regulation > conventional load.

[0015] Optionally, the environmental parameter collection module includes a power supply control unit, a sensor drive unit, and a multi-source parameter synchronous collection unit; among them:

[0016] Power supply control unit: used to receive the standardized electric energy output by the wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module, and after being processed by an electric energy converter and a voltage regulator, provide DC power supply to the sensor drive unit.

[0017] Sensor drive unit: after receiving the DC electric energy provided by the power supply control unit, provide driving voltage to the sensor group deployed on the sea surface, water body, and seabed. The sensor group includes a floating sea surface sensor, a suspended water body sensor, and a benthic seabed sensor; among them, the floating sea surface sensor is used to collect large algae biomass data, the suspended water body sensor is used to collect seawater pH value and dissolved organic carbon concentration data, and the benthic seabed sensor is used to collect shellfish calcification rate data.

[0018] Multi-source parameter synchronous acquisition unit: Electrically connected to the sensor drive unit, it receives multi-source environmental parameters output by the sensor group, and provides a unified time reference for each parameter acquisition channel through the synchronous clock unit, and simultaneously triggers all sensors to perform data acquisition based on a preset synchronous period.

[0019] Optionally, the blue carbon storage calculation module includes a data preprocessing unit, a carbon flux dynamic model construction unit, an hourly carbon storage calculation unit, and a storage index output unit; among them:

[0020] Data preprocessing unit: It is used to receive the multi-source environmental parameter set output by the environmental parameter acquisition module, and uses data filtering and smoothing algorithms to remove outliers and noise data, and generates standardized environmental parameter input data;

[0021] Carbon flux dynamic model construction unit: Based on the standardized environmental parameter input data, a dynamic process modeling method is used to construct a carbon flux dynamic model. Among them, the macroalgae biomass data is used to establish a photosynthetic carbon fixation sub-model, the shellfish calcification rate data is used to establish a calcification carbon fixation sub-model, and the seawater pH value and dissolved organic carbon concentration data are used to establish a carbon sink stability sub-model, and finally integrated into a complete carbon flux dynamic model;

[0022] Hourly carbon storage calculation unit: Invoke the carbon flux dynamic model, input environmental parameter data with an hour as the calculation period, calculate the carbon deposition amount per unit area, biological carbon fixation efficiency, and carbon sink stability coefficient respectively, and obtain the blue carbon storage calculation result updated hourly;

[0023] Storage index output unit: It is used to receive the blue carbon storage calculation result output by the hourly carbon storage calculation unit, integrate it into a blue carbon storage index, and output it to the ecological regulation parameter generation module in the form of a data message.

[0024] Optionally, the carbon flux dynamic model construction unit includes:

[0025] Photosynthetic carbon fixation rate: Calculate the algal photosynthetic carbon fixation rate based on the macroalgae biomass data ;

[0026] Calcification carbon fixation rate: Calculate the calcification carbon fixation rate based on the shellfish calcification rate data ;

[0027] Carbon sink stability coefficient: Calculate the carbon sink stability coefficient using the seawater pH value and dissolved organic carbon concentration ;

[0028] Dynamic model integration: Integrate the photosynthetic carbon fixation rate, calcification carbon fixation rate, and carbon sink stability coefficient to obtain the carbon flux dynamic model, and its expression is: , where: is the overall blue carbon flux value.

[0029] Optionally, the hourly carbon storage calculation unit includes:

[0030] Calculation of carbon deposition per unit area: Based on the output value of the carbon flux dynamic model input hourly, calculate the carbon deposition per unit area within the current hour. The formula is: , where is the carbon deposition per unit area; is the blue carbon flux value output by the carbon flux dynamic model; T is the duration of the calculation period, with a value of 1 hour;

[0031] Calculation of biological carbon sequestration efficiency: Based on the actual rates of carbon sequestration by algae and shellfish respectively and their corresponding theoretical maximum rates, calculate the biological carbon sequestration efficiency within the current hour. The formula is: , where is the biological carbon sequestration efficiency; is the theoretical maximum carbon sequestration rate of algae; is the theoretical maximum carbon sequestration rate of shellfish.

[0032] Optionally, the ecological regulation parameter generation module includes a carbon sink index comparison unit, an algae proliferation density correction unit, a spatial reconfiguration unit for shellfish farming areas, and an artificial upwelling triggering time determination unit; among them:

[0033] Carbon sink index comparison unit: Receive the blue carbon storage index output by the blue carbon storage calculation module, and compare the carbon deposition per unit area, biological carbon sequestration efficiency, and carbon sink stability coefficient with the corresponding preset carbon sink target thresholds one by one to determine the gap values between each index and the target thresholds;

[0034] Algae proliferation density correction unit: Based on the gap value of biological carbon sequestration efficiency determined by the carbon sink index comparison unit, calculate the density correction value required for algae proliferation adjustment according to the pre-established function relationship between algae biomass and carbon sequestration efficiency, and output it as the algae proliferation density correction parameter;

[0035] Spatial reconfiguration unit for shellfish farming areas: Based on the gap value of carbon deposition per unit area determined by the carbon sink index comparison unit, combine the pre-established mapping relationship between the spatial layout of shellfish farming areas and carbon deposition to generate a specific spatial reconfiguration plan for shellfish farming areas;

[0036] Artificial upwelling triggering time determination unit: Based on the gap value of carbon sink stability coefficient determined by the carbon sink index comparison unit, determine the specific timing for triggering the artificial upwelling device according to the pre-established correlation between carbon sink stability and seawater vertical exchange intensity, give a clear triggering time point in hours, and form the artificial upwelling triggering time parameter.

[0037] Optionally, the spatial reconfiguration unit for shellfish farming areas includes:

[0038] Analysis of the difference in carbon deposition amount: Receive the difference value of carbon deposition amount per unit area output by the carbon sink index comparison unit, and determine the specific difference between the current-hour carbon deposition amount per unit area index and the preset carbon deposition target value;

[0039] Call of spatial mapping relationship: Call the pre-established and stored spatial mapping relationship between the spatial layout of shellfish farming and the carbon deposition amount;

[0040] Calculation of optimized layout of farming areas: Based on the spatial mapping relationship and combined with the difference value of carbon deposition amount per unit area calculated by the analysis of the difference in carbon deposition amount, calculate the specific adjustment value of shellfish farming density and the adjustment range of the spatial coordinates of the farming areas through a spatial optimization algorithm to form a specific optimized layout plan for shellfish farming areas;

[0041] Output of spatial reconfiguration plan: Integrate the generated optimized layout plan for shellfish farming areas and output it in the form of the adjusted value of farming density and the corresponding spatial coordinates to form a clear spatial reconfiguration plan.

[0042] Optionally, the artificial upwelling triggering timing determination unit includes:

[0043] Difference value of carbon sink stability coefficient: Receive the difference value of the current-hour carbon sink stability coefficient output by the carbon sink index comparison unit ;

[0044] Call of seawater vertical exchange intensity: Call the pre-established correlation function relationship model between the carbon sink stability coefficient and the seawater vertical exchange intensity;

[0045] Calculation of target vertical exchange intensity: Based on the correlation function relationship model, based on the difference value of the carbon sink stability coefficient , inversely calculate the target seawater vertical exchange intensity value required to reach the target stability coefficient ;

[0046] Calculation of artificial upwelling triggering timing: Based on the target seawater vertical exchange intensity and combined with the vertical exchange intensity enhancement rate of the artificial upwelling device, calculate the specific triggering timing of the artificial upwelling .

[0047] Optionally, the execution feedback optimization module includes a regulation parameter analysis unit, a control instruction generation unit, an environmental change feedback unit, and a dynamic adjustment unit for the priority of power distribution; among them:

[0048] Regulation parameter analysis unit: Used to receive the set of regulation parameters output by the ecological regulation parameter generation module and perform analysis to form corresponding control parameters;

[0049] Control instruction generation unit: Based on the control parameters output by the regulation parameter parsing unit, it is converted according to the communication protocol of the aquaculture facility actuator to generate specific aquaculture facility control instructions, including seaweed aquaculture density adjustment instructions, shellfish aquaculture area spatial layout adjustment instructions, and artificial upwelling device start / stop instructions, and transmits the control instructions to the corresponding aquaculture facility actuator for execution in real time;

[0050] Environmental change feedback unit: It is used to monitor the change amount of multi-source environmental parameters in real time after the execution of the aquaculture facility control instructions, and form the change data of the environmental parameters within the current regulation cycle;

[0051] Dynamic adjustment unit for power distribution priority: Based on the change data of the environmental parameters, it evaluates the execution effect of the current aquaculture facility control instructions, and dynamically adjusts the distribution priority of the standardized electric energy according to the power distribution priority optimization algorithm.

[0052] Advantages of the present invention:

[0053] In the present invention, by constructing a wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module, an environmental parameter acquisition module, a blue carbon storage calculation module, an ecological regulation parameter generation module, and an execution feedback optimization module, the efficient utilization of wind power surplus energy, the real-time monitoring of multi-source environmental parameters, the hourly dynamic assessment of blue carbon flux, and the intelligent regulation of aquaculture facilities are realized; a closed-loop feedback mechanism is formed among the system modules, supporting the output and execution response of accurate regulation strategies driven by data, and improving the monitoring depth and regulation ability of the blue carbon sink enhancement process in the marine ranch.

[0054] In the present invention, by constructing a carbon flux dynamic model, the carbon deposition amount per unit time, the biological carbon fixation efficiency, and the carbon sink stability coefficient are accurately evaluated, and a set of regulation parameters is dynamically generated in combination with the carbon sink target threshold, and further combined with the execution feedback to realize the adaptive adjustment of the power distribution priority of the standardized electric energy, effectively improving the blue carbon formation efficiency and enhancing the energy-carbon coupling regulation ability of the system. Description of the drawings

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only those of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system of the marine ranch in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the ecological regulation parameter generation module in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0058] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments. For some well-known technologies, those skilled in the art can also adopt other alternative methods for implementation; moreover, the accompanying drawings are only for more specifically describing the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0059] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power includes a wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module, an environmental parameter acquisition module, a blue carbon storage calculation module, an ecological regulation parameter generation module, and an execution feedback optimization module; among them:

[0060] The wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module: used to collect the surplus electric energy of the offshore wind farm in real time and generate standardized electric energy through three-stage filtering and voltage shaping;

[0061] The environmental parameter acquisition module: receives the standardized electric energy as the power supply input, and is used to drive the sensor group deployed on the sea surface, water body and seabed to synchronously collect a multi-source environmental parameter set, including seawater pH value, dissolved organic carbon concentration, macroalgae biomass and shellfish calcification rate;

[0062] The blue carbon storage calculation module: based on the multi-source environmental parameter set, calculates and outputs the blue carbon storage index hourly through the carbon flux dynamic model, including the carbon deposition amount per unit area, the biological carbon fixation efficiency and the carbon sink stability coefficient;

[0063] The ecological regulation parameter generation module: based on the blue carbon storage index output by the blue carbon storage calculation module, combines the preset carbon sink target threshold to generate a regulation parameter set, including the correction value of the seaweed proliferation density, the spatial reconfiguration plan of the shellfish breeding area and the triggering time of the artificial upwelling;

[0064] The execution feedback optimization module: used to convert the regulation parameter set into a breeding facility control instruction and execute it, and at the same time collect the environmental parameter change amount after execution and feedback it to the wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module to dynamically adjust the distribution priority of the standardized electric energy.

[0065] The wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module includes a surplus electric energy acquisition unit, a three-stage filtering unit, a voltage shaping unit and an energy storage distribution unit; among them:

[0066] The surplus electric energy acquisition unit: is connected in parallel to the transmission line of the offshore wind farm, and is used to monitor the output power of the wind farm in real time through the grid-connected inverter. When the real-time output power exceeds 105% of the rated grid-connected power threshold of the wind farm, the electric energy exceeding the threshold is determined as surplus electric energy and collected;

[0067] Three - stage filtering unit: It is used to receive the electric energy output by the excess electric energy acquisition unit, and successively pass through a first - stage low - pass filter, a second - stage band - pass filter, and a third - stage active filter. Among them, the first - stage low - pass filter removes the high - frequency interference signals in the electric energy, the second - stage band - pass filter filters out the harmonic interference, and the third - stage active filter actively and dynamically filters the electric energy to eliminate the residual low - frequency and high - frequency interference components, so as to obtain stable filtered electric energy.

[0068] Voltage shaping unit: It is used to receive the stable electric energy output by the three - stage filtering unit, adjust the voltage through a voltage regulator, and use PWM (Pulse - Width Modulation) technology to shape the electric energy waveform, correct the irregular waveform into a standard sine wave, and output standardized electric energy with stable amplitude and frequency.

[0069] The specific steps for shaping the electric energy waveform are as follows:

[0070] First, construct a standardized target output sine - voltage waveform , whose expression is: , where is the peak voltage of the target output sine wave; f is the frequency of the target sine wave; t is the time variable;

[0071] Then, generate a triangular - wave carrier signal , and set its frequency as , satisfying: , ensuring that the PWM modulation has sufficient time resolution to accurately restore the target waveform;

[0072] Next, compare the reference sine - wave signal with the triangular - wave signal to generate a PWM control signal, and the expression is: , where is the pulse - width modulation control signal; this PWM signal is used to control the switching devices in the inverter bridge to achieve pulse output;

[0073] Finally, process the PWM pulse sequence output by the inverter bridge through an LC low - pass filter to filter out the high - frequency components and smoothly obtain the standard sine - wave voltage output: ; the cut - off frequency of the filter satisfies: ; where is the output voltage after filtering.

[0074] Energy storage distribution unit: It includes an energy storage device and a power distribution controller. The energy storage device is used to store standardized electric energy; the power distribution controller is used to distribute the standardized electric energy in the priority order of blue carbon monitoring > ecological regulation > conventional load; through the coordinated cooperation of the above-mentioned wind power surplus energy capture and standardized module specific units, it is possible to achieve precise collection, effective filtering and noise reduction, precise voltage shaping and energy storage distribution of the surplus electric energy of the offshore wind farm, and provide stable and reliable electric energy input for each module of the system.

[0075] The environmental parameter acquisition module includes a power supply control unit, a sensor drive unit and a multi-source parameter synchronous acquisition unit; among them:

[0076] Power supply control unit: It is used to receive the standardized electric energy output by the wind power surplus energy capture and standardized module, and after being processed by the power converter and voltage regulator, it provides DC power supply for the sensor drive unit;

[0077] Sensor drive unit: After receiving the DC electric energy provided by the power supply control unit, it provides drive voltage for the sensor group deployed on the sea surface, water body and seabed. The sensor group includes floating sea surface sensors, suspended water body sensors and benthic seabed sensors; among them, the floating sea surface sensors are used to collect data on the biomass of large algae, the suspended water body sensors are used to collect data on seawater pH value and dissolved organic carbon concentration, and the benthic seabed sensors are used to collect data on the calcification rate of shellfish;

[0078] Multi-source parameter synchronous acquisition unit: Electrically connected to the sensor drive unit, it receives the multi-source environmental parameters output by the sensor group, including seawater pH value, dissolved organic carbon concentration, large algae biomass and shellfish calcification rate, and provides a unified time reference for each parameter acquisition channel through the synchronous clock unit, and simultaneously triggers all sensors to collect data based on the preset synchronous period, realizing the synchronous measurement of multi-source environmental parameters and outputting a multi-source environmental parameter set; through the coordinated cooperation of each unit in the above environmental parameter acquisition module, stable power supply guarantee for the sensor group and synchronous and precise acquisition of multi-dimensional environmental parameters are realized, providing a reliable data basis for the accurate calculation of subsequent blue carbon reserves and ecological intelligent regulation.

[0079] The blue carbon reserve calculation module includes a data preprocessing unit, a carbon flux dynamic model construction unit, an hourly carbon reserve calculation unit and a reserve index output unit; among them:

[0080] Data preprocessing unit: It is used to receive the multi-source environmental parameter set output by the environmental parameter acquisition module, and uses data filtering and smoothing algorithms to remove outliers and noise data, and generate standardized environmental parameter input data;

[0081] Carbon Flux Dynamic Model Construction Unit: Based on standardized input data of environmental parameters, a dynamic process modeling method is used to construct a carbon flux dynamic model. Among them, the biomass data of macroalgae is used to establish a photosynthetic carbon fixation sub-model, the calcification rate data of shellfish is used to establish a calcification carbon fixation sub-model, and the seawater pH value and dissolved organic carbon concentration data are used to establish a carbon sink stability sub-model, which is finally integrated into a complete carbon flux dynamic model;

[0082] Hourly Carbon Storage Calculation Unit: Invoke the carbon flux dynamic model, input environmental parameter data with an hour as the calculation period, and calculate the carbon deposition amount per unit area, biological carbon fixation efficiency, and carbon sink stability coefficient respectively to obtain the hourly updated blue carbon storage calculation results;

[0083] Storage Index Output Unit: Used to receive the blue carbon storage calculation results output by the hourly carbon storage calculation unit, integrate them to form blue carbon storage indicators, and output them to the ecological regulation parameter generation module in the form of data messages; Through the collaborative work of the internal units of the above blue carbon storage calculation module, the environmental parameters can be preprocessed standardly, a high-precision carbon flux dynamic model can be constructed and run, and the blue carbon storage indicators can be calculated and output in real time and accurately, providing accurate data support for ecological intelligent regulation.

[0084] The carbon flux dynamic model construction unit includes:

[0085] Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Rate: Calculate the photosynthetic carbon fixation rate of algae based on the biomass data of macroalgae , and its expression is: , where, is the photosynthetic carbon fixation rate of algae; is the biomass of algae; is the carbon fixation rate coefficient of algae; is the light intensity correction coefficient, determined according to the light conditions;

[0086] Calcification Carbon Fixation Rate: Calculate the calcification carbon fixation rate based on the calcification rate data of shellfish , and the expression is: , where, is the calcification carbon fixation rate of shellfish; is the calcification rate of shellfish; is the calcification carbon conversion coefficient; is the water temperature correction coefficient, determined according to the water temperature environment;

[0087] Carbon Sink Stability Coefficient: Calculate the carbon sink stability coefficient using the seawater pH value and dissolved organic carbon concentration , and the expression is: , where, is the carbon sink stability coefficient; is the real-time seawater pH value; is the reference seawater pH value; is the real-time dissolved organic carbon concentration; is the reference dissolved organic carbon concentration; , is the corresponding weight coefficient, determined according to the environmental factor sensitivity experiment;

[0088] Dynamic model integration: Integrate the photosynthetic carbon fixation rate, calcification carbon fixation rate and carbon sink stability coefficient to obtain a dynamic model of carbon flux, and its expression is: , where: is the overall blue carbon flux value; Through the step-by-step construction and model integration of the above carbon flux dynamic model construction unit, the dynamic changes of the blue carbon storage in the marine ranch can be accurately quantified, the blue carbon storage index can be accurately calculated, and a scientific and reliable data basis can be provided for the system ecological intelligent regulation.

[0089] The hourly carbon storage calculation unit includes:

[0090] Calculation of carbon deposition per unit area: Based on the output value of the carbon flux dynamic model input hourly, calculate the carbon deposition per unit area within the current hour, and the formula is: , where, is the carbon deposition per unit area; is the blue carbon flux value output by the carbon flux dynamic model; T is the duration of the calculation period, and the value is 1 hour;

[0091] Calculation of biological carbon fixation efficiency: Based on the actual rates of carbon fixation by algae and shellfish respectively and their corresponding theoretical maximum rates, calculate the biological carbon fixation efficiency within the current hour, and the formula is: , where, is the biological carbon fixation efficiency; is the photosynthetic carbon fixation rate of algae, obtained from the carbon flux dynamic model; is the calcification carbon fixation rate of shellfish, obtained from the carbon flux dynamic model; is the theoretical maximum carbon fixation rate of algae; is the theoretical maximum carbon fixation rate of shellfish; Through the collaborative calculation of the specific steps within the above hourly carbon storage calculation unit, the blue carbon storage index under the current environment can be accurately obtained in hours, and the refined dynamic monitoring and intelligent regulation data support of the blue carbon storage can be realized.

[0092] The ecological regulation parameter generation module includes a carbon sink index comparison unit, a seaweed proliferation density correction unit, a shellfish aquaculture area spatial reconfiguration unit, and an artificial upwelling trigger timing determination unit; where:

[0093] Carbon sink index comparison unit: Receives the blue carbon storage index output by the blue carbon storage calculation module, and compares the carbon deposition per unit area, biological carbon sequestration efficiency, and carbon sink stability coefficient with the corresponding preset carbon sink target thresholds one by one to determine the gap values between each index and the target thresholds;

[0094] Seaweed proliferation density correction unit: Based on the biological carbon sequestration efficiency gap value determined by the carbon sink index comparison unit, according to the pre-established function relationship between algal biomass and carbon sequestration efficiency, calculates the density correction value required for seaweed proliferation adjustment, and outputs it as the seaweed proliferation density correction parameter;

[0095] The seaweed proliferation density correction unit specifically includes the following steps:

[0096] Step 1: According to the current hourly biological carbon sequestration efficiency gap value output by the carbon sink index comparison unit, the calculation formula is as follows: , where is the biological carbon sequestration efficiency gap value; is the preset target biological carbon sequestration efficiency; is the current hourly actual biological carbon sequestration efficiency, from the calculation result of the carbon storage hourly calculation unit;

[0097] Step 2: Using historical experimental data and monitoring results, establish the function relationship between algal biomass and biological carbon sequestration efficiency, expressed as: , where E is the biological carbon sequestration efficiency; B is the algal biomass; , are the fitting parameters of the function relationship between algal biomass and biological carbon sequestration efficiency respectively;

[0098] Step 3: Substitute the target carbon sequestration efficiency into the above function relationship formula, and obtain the target algal biomass through inverse calculation. The formula is: , where is the target algal biomass required to achieve the target carbon sequestration efficiency;

[0099] Step 4: According to the difference between the current actual algal biomass and the target algal biomass, calculate the density correction value that needs to be adjusted. The formula is: , where is the seaweed proliferation density correction value; is the algal biomass.

[0100] Spatial reconfiguration unit for shellfish farming areas: Based on the gap value of carbon deposition per unit area determined by the carbon sink index comparison unit, combined with the pre-established mapping relationship between the spatial layout of shellfish farming areas and carbon deposition, generates a specific spatial reconfiguration plan for shellfish farming areas;

[0101] Artificial upwelling triggering timing determination unit: Based on the difference value of the carbon sink stability coefficient determined by the carbon sink index comparison unit, according to the pre-established correlation between carbon sink stability and seawater vertical exchange intensity, determine the specific timing for triggering the artificial upwelling device, give a clear triggering time point in hours, and form the artificial upwelling triggering timing parameter; Through the coordinated cooperation of each unit in the above ecological regulation parameter generation module, the accurate comparison between the blue carbon storage index and the target threshold can be realized, and a targeted set of ecological regulation parameters can be dynamically generated, providing a basis for the subsequent implementation of precise ecological regulation measures by the execution feedback optimization module.

[0102] The shellfish farming area spatial reconfiguration unit includes:

[0103] Carbon deposition amount difference analysis: Receive the difference value of the carbon deposition amount per unit area output by the carbon sink index comparison unit, and determine the specific difference between the carbon deposition amount index per unit area in the current hour and the preset carbon deposition target value;

[0104] Spatial mapping relationship invocation: Invoke the pre-established and stored spatial mapping relationship between the shellfish farming space layout and the carbon deposition amount, which clearly gives the corresponding relationship between the shellfish farming density distribution, the farming space layout and the carbon deposition amount per unit area;

[0105] In this step, the system invokes the pre-established spatial mapping relationship, which is constructed based on historical experimental data or on-site monitoring data and reflects the change of the corresponding carbon deposition amount per unit area Q under different shellfish farming densities D and farming area A conditions; Using this data, the mapping function can be obtained by fitting, expressed as: , where d, s, and c are parameters obtained by data fitting;

[0106] Table 1 Example of spatial mapping relationship

[0107] Number Cultivation density D (individuals / m²) Area A (m²) Carbon deposition per unit area Q (mg / m² / h) 1 5 100 320 2 8 120 410 3 10 150 480 4 12 180 530 5 15 200 600

[0108] In the above Table 1, the serial number of the numbered data entry is used to distinguish different sample data; The farming density represents the actual number of shellfish individuals farmed per square meter; The regional area represents the overall area of the current shellfish farming area; The carbon deposition amount per unit area represents the carbon deposition amount generated per square meter per unit time under the corresponding farming density and regional area conditions.

[0109] Calculation of optimized layout of farming area: Based on the spatial mapping relationship, combined with the difference value of the carbon deposition amount per unit area calculated by the carbon deposition amount difference analysis, calculate the specific adjustment value of the shellfish farming density and the adjustment range of the farming area spatial coordinates through the spatial optimization algorithm, and form a specific optimized layout plan for the shellfish farming area;

[0110] Spatial reconfiguration plan output: Integrate the optimized layout plan of the shellfish farming area generated, and output it in the form of the adjusted value of the farming density and the corresponding spatial coordinates to form a clear spatial reconfiguration plan; through the specific steps of the above-mentioned spatial reconfiguration unit of the shellfish farming area, accurately determine the scope of the spatial layout adjustment and the density adjustment parameters of the shellfish farming area, providing a clear and accurate plan basis for the improvement of the carbon deposition index of the shellfish farming area.

[0111] The artificial upwelling triggering timing determination unit includes:

[0112] Carbon sink stability coefficient difference value: Receive the current hourly carbon sink stability coefficient difference value output by the carbon sink index comparison unit , and the calculation formula is as follows: , where is the carbon sink stability coefficient difference value; is the preset target carbon sink stability coefficient; is the carbon sink stability coefficient;

[0113] Seawater vertical exchange intensity call: Call the pre-established correlation function relationship model between the carbon sink stability coefficient and the seawater vertical exchange intensity. The model expression is as follows: , where H is the carbon sink stability coefficient; V is the seawater vertical exchange intensity; m and n are the parameters of the correlation function model, which are obtained by fitting historical monitoring data; the parameters m and n in the above model are obtained by using historical monitoring data, with the seawater vertical exchange intensity as the independent variable and the carbon sink stability coefficient as the dependent variable, and using the linear regression method for data fitting: ; , where: is the seawater vertical exchange intensity measured in the i-th historical sample; is the carbon sink stability coefficient measured in the i-th historical sample; N is the total number of historical samples;

[0114] Vertical exchange intensity target calculation: Based on the correlation function relationship model, based on the carbon sink stability coefficient difference value , inversely calculate the target seawater vertical exchange intensity value required to reach the target stability coefficient , and the formula is: , where is the target carbon sink stability coefficient;

[0115] Artificial upwelling triggering timing calculation: Based on the target seawater vertical exchange intensity, combined with the vertical exchange intensity enhancement rate of the artificial upwelling device, calculate the specific triggering timing of the artificial upwelling , and the formula is: , where is the triggering timing of the artificial upwelling device; is the current real-time time; is the target seawater vertical exchange intensity; is the measured seawater vertical exchange intensity in the current hour; is the rate at which the artificial upwelling device increases the seawater vertical exchange intensity per hour; The collaborative calculation of each step in the above artificial upwelling trigger timing determination unit can accurately determine the optimal trigger timing of the artificial upwelling device, realize the precise regulation and optimization of the carbon sink stability coefficient, and effectively improve the scientificity and pertinence of the implementation of ecological regulation measures.

[0116] The execution feedback optimization module includes a regulation parameter analysis unit, a control instruction generation unit, an environmental change feedback unit, and an electric energy distribution priority dynamic adjustment unit; among them:

[0117] The regulation parameter analysis unit: is used to receive the set of regulation parameters output by the ecological regulation parameter generation module, including the seaweed proliferation density correction value, the spatial reconfiguration plan of the shellfish breeding area, and the artificial upwelling trigger timing parameters, and perform analysis to form corresponding control parameters;

[0118] The control instruction generation unit: Based on the control parameters output by the regulation parameter analysis unit, convert them according to the communication protocol of the breeding facility actuator, generate specific breeding facility control instructions, including seaweed breeding density adjustment instructions, shellfish breeding area spatial layout adjustment instructions, and artificial upwelling device start-stop instructions, and transmit the control instructions to the corresponding breeding facility actuator for execution in real time;

[0119] The environmental change feedback unit: is used to monitor the change amount of multi-source environmental parameters in real time after the execution of the breeding facility control instructions, and form the change data of environmental parameters in the current regulation period;

[0120] The electric energy distribution priority dynamic adjustment unit: Based on the change data of environmental parameters, evaluate the execution effect of the current breeding facility control instructions, and dynamically adjust the distribution priority of standardized electric energy according to the electric energy distribution priority optimization algorithm, and output the adjusted electric energy priority control parameters to the energy storage distribution unit in the wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module to realize the precise dynamic distribution of standardized electric energy.

[0121] The electric energy distribution priority dynamic adjustment unit includes:

[0122] Environmental change assessment: Receive the environmental parameter change data in the current regulation period fed back by the environmental change feedback unit, and calculate the change rate of each environmental parameter respectively. The formula is as follows: , where, is the change rate of the i-th environmental parameter; is the real-time measured value of the i-th environmental parameter after regulation; is the reference value of the i-th environmental parameter before regulation;

[0123] Calculation of priority weight factor: Based on the change rates of the above environmental parameters, a preset power distribution priority optimization algorithm is called to calculate the priority weight factor for the power distribution of the breeding facilities. The algorithm expression is as follows: , where is the priority weight factor for the power distribution of the i-th breeding facility; is the preset basic priority weight factor for the i-th breeding facility; is the sensitivity coefficient of the i-th environmental parameter, determined through experiments on historical data; is the change rate of the i-th environmental parameter;

[0124] Dynamic adjustment of power distribution priority: Based on the priority weight factors for the power distribution of each breeding facility calculated above , the final power distribution priority values for each facility are obtained through normalization. The formula is: , where is the normalized power distribution priority of the i-th breeding facility; is the total number of breeding facilities participating in power distribution.

[0125] The present invention covers any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of the present invention. For the public to have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without these detailed descriptions. Additionally, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary confusion to the essence of the present invention.

[0126] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power, characterized in that, It includes a wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module, an environmental parameter acquisition module, a blue carbon storage calculation module, an ecological regulation parameter generation module, and an execution feedback optimization module; among which: The wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module: It is used to collect the surplus electric energy of the offshore wind farm in real time and generate standardized electric energy through three-stage filtering and voltage shaping; The environmental parameter acquisition module: Receives the standardized electric energy as the power supply input, and is used to drive the sensor groups deployed on the sea surface, water body and seabed to synchronously collect a multi-source environmental parameter set, including seawater pH value, dissolved organic carbon concentration, macroalgae biomass and shellfish calcification rate; The blue carbon storage calculation module: Based on the multi-source environmental parameter set, it calculates and outputs the blue carbon storage index hourly through the carbon flux dynamic model, including the carbon deposition amount per unit area, the biological carbon fixation efficiency and the carbon sink stability coefficient; The ecological regulation parameter generation module: Based on the blue carbon storage index output by the blue carbon storage calculation module and combined with the preset carbon sink target threshold, it generates a set of regulation parameters, including the correction value of the seaweed proliferation density, the spatial reconfiguration plan of the shellfish breeding area and the triggering time of the artificial upwelling; The execution feedback optimization module: It is used to convert the set of regulation parameters into aquaculture facility control instructions and execute them. The aquaculture facility control instructions include the seaweed aquaculture density adjustment instruction, the shellfish aquaculture area spatial layout adjustment instruction and the artificial upwelling device start-stop instruction; at the same time, it collects the changed amount of environmental parameters after execution and feeds it back to the wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module to dynamically adjust the distribution priority of the standardized electric energy.

2. The blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module includes a surplus electric energy acquisition unit, a three-stage filtering unit, a voltage shaping unit and an energy storage distribution unit; among which: The surplus electric energy acquisition unit: It is connected in parallel to the transmission line of the offshore wind farm and is used to monitor the output power of the wind farm in real time through the grid-connected inverter. When the real-time output power exceeds 105% of the rated grid-connected power threshold of the wind farm, the electric energy exceeding the threshold is determined as surplus electric energy and collected; The three-stage filtering unit: It is used to receive the electric energy output by the surplus electric energy acquisition unit and sequentially pass through a first-stage low-pass filter, a second-stage band-pass filter and a third-stage active filter to obtain stable filtered electric energy; The voltage shaping unit: It is used to receive the stable electric energy output by the three-stage filtering unit, adjust the voltage through a voltage regulator, and use PWM pulse width modulation technology to shape the electric energy waveform, correct the irregular waveform into a standard sine wave, and output standardized electric energy with a stable amplitude and frequency; The energy storage distribution unit: It includes an energy storage device and a power distribution controller. The energy storage device is used to store the standardized electric energy; the power distribution controller is used to distribute the standardized electric energy according to the priority order of blue carbon monitoring > ecological regulation > conventional load.

3. The blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power according to claim 1, wherein, The environmental parameter acquisition module includes a power supply control unit, a sensor drive unit and a multi-source parameter synchronous acquisition unit; among which: The power supply control unit: It is used to receive the standardized electric energy output by the wind power surplus energy capture and standardization module, and after being processed by the power converter and voltage regulator, it provides DC power supply to the sensor drive unit; Sensor driving unit: After receiving the DC electrical energy provided by the power supply control unit, it provides driving voltage to the sensor group deployed on the sea surface, water body and seabed. The sensor group includes floating sea surface sensors, suspended water body sensors and benthic seabed sensors. Among them, the floating sea surface sensors are used to collect macroalgae biomass data, the suspended water body sensors are used to collect seawater pH value and dissolved organic carbon concentration data, and the benthic seabed sensors are used to collect shellfish calcification rate data. Multi-source parameter synchronous acquisition unit: Electrically connected to the sensor driving unit, it receives the multi-source environmental parameters output by the sensor group, and provides a unified time reference for each parameter acquisition channel through the synchronous clock unit, and triggers all sensors to perform data acquisition simultaneously based on the preset synchronous period.

4. The blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power according to claim 1, wherein, The blue carbon storage calculation module includes a data preprocessing unit, a carbon flux dynamic model construction unit, an hourly carbon storage calculation unit and a storage index output unit. Among them: Data preprocessing unit: It is used to receive the multi-source environmental parameter set output by the environmental parameter acquisition module, and use data filtering and smoothing algorithms to remove outliers and noise data, and generate standardized environmental parameter input data. Carbon flux dynamic model construction unit: Based on the standardized environmental parameter input data, a dynamic process modeling method is used to construct a carbon flux dynamic model. Among them, the macroalgae biomass data is used to establish a photosynthetic carbon fixation sub-model, the shellfish calcification rate data is used to establish a calcification carbon fixation sub-model, and the seawater pH value and dissolved organic carbon concentration data are used to establish a carbon sink stability sub-model, and finally integrated into a complete carbon flux dynamic model. Hourly carbon storage calculation unit: Invoke the carbon flux dynamic model, input environmental parameter data with an hour as the calculation period, calculate the carbon deposition amount per unit area, biological carbon fixation efficiency and carbon sink stability coefficient respectively, and obtain the hourly updated blue carbon storage calculation result. Storage index output unit: It is used to receive the blue carbon storage calculation result output by the hourly carbon storage calculation unit, integrate it into a blue carbon storage index, and output it to the ecological regulation parameter generation module in the form of a data message.

5. The blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbon flux dynamic model construction unit includes: Photosynthetic carbon fixation rate: Calculate the photosynthetic carbon fixation rate of algae based on the biomass data of macroalgae ; Calcification carbon sequestration rate: Calculate the calcification carbon sequestration rate based on the data of shellfish calcification rate ; Carbon sink stability coefficient: The carbon sink stability coefficient is calculated using the seawater pH value and the dissolved organic carbon concentration ; Dynamic model integration: Integrate the photosynthetic carbon fixation rate, calcification carbon fixation rate and carbon sink stability coefficient to obtain a dynamic model of carbon flux, and its expression is: , where: is the overall blue carbon flux value.

6. The blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hourly carbon storage calculation unit includes: Calculation of carbon deposition per unit area: Based on the output value of the carbon flux dynamic model input hourly, calculate the carbon deposition per unit area within the current hour. The formula is: , where is the carbon deposition per unit area; is the blue carbon flux value output by the carbon flux dynamic model; T is the duration of the calculation period, with a value of 1 hour. Calculation of biological carbon sequestration efficiency: Based on the actual carbon sequestration rates of algae and shellfish respectively and their corresponding theoretical maximum rates, calculate the biological carbon sequestration efficiency within the current hour. The formula is: , where is the biological carbon sequestration efficiency; is the theoretical maximum carbon sequestration rate of algae; is the theoretical maximum carbon sequestration rate of shellfish.

7. The blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for marine ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power according to claim 1, wherein, The ecological regulation parameter generation module includes a carbon sink index comparison unit, a seaweed proliferation density correction unit, a shellfish aquaculture area spatial reconfiguration unit and an artificial upwelling trigger timing determination unit. Among them: Carbon sink index comparison unit: Receive the blue carbon storage index output by the blue carbon storage calculation module, and compare the carbon deposition amount per unit area, biological carbon fixation efficiency and carbon sink stability coefficient with the corresponding preset carbon sink target thresholds one by one to determine the gap values between each index and the target thresholds. Seaweed proliferation density correction unit: Based on the biological carbon fixation efficiency gap value determined by the carbon sink index comparison unit, according to the pre-established function relationship between algae biomass and carbon fixation efficiency, calculate the density correction value required for seaweed proliferation adjustment, and output it as the seaweed proliferation density correction parameter. Spatial reconfiguration unit for shellfish farming areas: Based on the difference value of carbon deposition per unit area determined by the carbon sink index comparison unit, combined with the pre-established mapping relationship between the spatial layout of shellfish farming areas and carbon deposition, a specific spatial reconfiguration plan for shellfish farming areas is generated; Artificial upwelling triggering time determination unit: Based on the difference value of carbon sink stability coefficients determined by the carbon sink index comparison unit, according to the pre-established correlation between carbon sink stability and seawater vertical exchange intensity, determine the specific time to trigger the artificial upwelling device, and give a clear trigger time point in hours to form the artificial upwelling triggering time parameter.

8. The marine ranch blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power according to claim 7, wherein, The spatial reconfiguration unit for shellfish farming areas includes: Analysis of carbon deposition difference: Receive the difference value of carbon deposition per unit area output by the carbon sink index comparison unit, and determine the specific difference between the carbon deposition per unit area index of the current hour and the preset carbon deposition target value; Call of spatial mapping relationship: Call the pre-established and stored spatial mapping relationship between the shellfish farming spatial layout and carbon deposition; Calculation of optimized layout of farming areas: Based on the spatial mapping relationship, combined with the difference value of carbon deposition per unit area calculated by the analysis of carbon deposition difference, calculate the specific adjustment value of shellfish farming density and the range of adjustment of the spatial coordinates of the farming area through a spatial optimization algorithm to form a specific optimized layout plan for shellfish farming areas; Output of spatial reconfiguration plan: Integrate the generated optimized layout plan for shellfish farming areas and output it in the form of the adjusted value of farming density and the corresponding spatial coordinates to form a clear spatial reconfiguration plan.

9. The ocean ranch blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power according to claim 7, wherein, The artificial upwelling triggering time determination unit includes: Carbon sink stability coefficient difference value: Receive the current hourly carbon sink stability coefficient difference value output by the carbon sink index comparison unit ; Call of seawater vertical exchange intensity: Call the pre-established correlation function relationship model between carbon sink stability coefficient and seawater vertical exchange intensity; Vertical exchange intensity target calculation: Based on the relevant functional relationship model and the carbon sink stability coefficient difference value , the target seawater vertical exchange intensity value required to reach the target stability coefficient is obtained through inversion calculation ; Calculation of the triggering time of artificial upwelling: Based on the target vertical exchange intensity of seawater and combined with the enhancement rate of the vertical exchange intensity of the artificial upwelling device, the specific triggering time of the artificial upwelling is calculated 。 10. The blue carbon monitoring and intelligent regulation system for ocean ranching based on the surplus energy supply of offshore wind power according to claim 1, wherein The execution feedback optimization module includes a regulation parameter analysis unit, a control instruction generation unit, an environmental change feedback unit, and a dynamic adjustment unit for the priority of power distribution; among them: Regulation parameter analysis unit: Used to receive the set of regulation parameters output by the ecological regulation parameter generation module and analyze them to form corresponding control parameters; Control instruction generation unit: Based on the control parameters output by the regulation parameter analysis unit, convert them according to the communication protocol of the farming facility actuator to generate specific farming facility control instructions, and transmit the control instructions to the corresponding farming facility actuator for execution in real time; Environmental change feedback unit: Used to monitor the change amount of multi-source environmental parameters in real time after the execution of the farming facility control instructions, and form the change data of environmental parameters in the current regulation cycle; Dynamic adjustment unit for the priority of power distribution: Based on the change data of environmental parameters, evaluate the execution effect of the current farming facility control instructions, and dynamically adjust the priority of power distribution of standardized power according to the power distribution priority optimization algorithm.

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