Bone grafting cage type support capable of achieving heat balance

Abstract

A cage type support for bone grafting capable of achieving heat balance comprises a support shell and a base, and a multipurpose cavity is formed in the base. The inner cavity of the bracket shell is communicated with the multi-purpose chamber through a heat convection pipe group; the multipurpose cavity is configured to be a heat dissipation end communicated with the inner cavity, and heat balance of the inner cavity and the multipurpose cavity is achieved through a heat convection pipe set communicated between the multipurpose cavity and the inner cavity; a stable supporting foundation is provided, the osseointegration process is promoted, heat balance of the whole stent is achieved, the internal temperature of the femoral head is properly increased, local blood circulation of the femoral head is accelerated, cell activity is enhanced, metabolism is accelerated, proliferation and differentiation of related cells such as bone cells are promoted, angiogenesis and bone repair are promoted, and gas exchange is facilitated. The implant can be used for promoting the discharge of hydrops and pneumatosis, continuously releasing intraosseous pressure and providing a storage space and path for therapeutic drugs and / or nutritional ingredients, and the implant realizes multi-system collaboration and promotes overall rehabilitation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to medical devices, and more specifically, to an implant for bone reconstruction, in particular to a cage-type support for bone grafting that achieves thermal balance. It is mainly used to solve the problems of bone damage, necrosis or defect, and focuses on the technical solution of improving bone tissue reconstruction and microcirculation. Background Art

[0002] Femoral head necrosis, also known as avascular necrosis (ONFH), is a common and difficult-to-treat disease in the field of orthopedics. It originates from insufficient local blood supply to the femoral head due to multiple factors, leading to ischemia, necrosis, trabecular fracture and femoral head collapse of bone cells. Without effective treatment, about 80% of patients will experience femoral head collapse within 1-4 years, which will lead to joint dysfunction and eventually have to undergo artificial joint replacement surgery. The high cost of artificial joint replacement surgery brings huge economic burden to patients and society, and because artificial joints have a certain service life, young and middle-aged patients still face various complications, revisions, secondary replacements and other problems after joint replacement. In addition, the difficulty and risk of artificial joint reoperation are high, which further increases the economic burden on patients and significantly reduces their quality of life. The latest research shows that the incidence of femoral head necrosis has been increasing year by year in recent years, and the age of onset is showing a trend of younger age. Early treatment of femoral head necrosis to preserve the patient's own joint function has always attracted much attention.

[0003] At present, there is no unified principle or consensus for the treatment of early ONFH, and the treatment plan is usually determined by the doctor based on his knowledge, skills and experience. The clinical treatment methods for early ONFH can be divided into non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment. Non-surgical treatment can relieve symptoms, but there is insufficient evidence to show that such treatment can prevent femoral head collapse, protect joint function, postpone joint replacement or cure ONFH. Among the various hip-preserving surgical methods for early ONFH, core decompression combined with various bone repair biomaterials filling and / or structural bone support can effectively remove necrotic tissue, reduce intraosseous pressure, improve femoral circulation, promote neovascularization, enhance bone formation, reduce the risk of proximal femoral fractures, and improve the treatment effect of ONFH. Early removal of diseased tissue, use of implant materials to fill and support damaged areas and promote bone regeneration are the key directions of current research and clinical treatment.

[0004] Currently existing support implants are usually connected to a drilled hole in the femoral head through threads, and this drilled hole is located within the femoral head. By applying force to the coronal end of the implant, it is inserted along the insertion direction. These implants can only provide an internal support function and cannot promote the reconstruction of internal microcirculation or the growth of bone tissue and the rapid integration of the implant. For example, conventional femoral head necrosis implants such as tantalum rods only have a mechanical support effect and cannot prevent the development of the pathological process of femoral head necrosis. Their bone integration ability is limited and they cannot solve the problem of insufficient blood supply to the femoral head. They cannot continuously release the intracranial pressure or the metabolites during the bone integration process. Tantalum rods are difficult to achieve ideal bone integration at the lesion site, which may lead to bone resorption at the bone integration interface and then cause secondary collapse.

[0005] In orthopedic clinical treatment, bone implants are important instruments for repairing bone injuries and treating bone diseases, and thermal balance has a significant impact on their treatment effects and the rehabilitation of patients.

[0006] Under normal physiological conditions of the human body, each tissue's thermal homeostasis is maintained through blood circulation and metabolic regulation. Physiological activities of bone tissue (such as osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and intercellular material exchange) generate heat. Normally, blood circulation can carry away the heat to maintain an appropriate temperature and ensure the normal progress of bone metabolism. However, after a bone implant is implanted, the thermal balance is often disrupted. Taking the treatment of femoral head necrosis as an example, the implant occupies space, destroys local blood circulation, and affects heat exchange. At the same time, if the implant material and structure are unreasonable, it will hinder heat transfer and cause abnormal local heat distribution. Current clinical bone implants have prominent problems in thermal balance. When the base and the stent shell are made of different materials, if the base is a non-metallic material such as a polymer, due to its low thermal conductivity, it forms a thermal resistance and hinders heat conduction, resulting in heat accumulation at the head end of the implant. This will change the microenvironment of bone cells, affect cell signaling pathways, inhibit the activity of osteoblasts, hinder the synthesis and mineralization of bone matrix, and may also promote the over-activation of osteoclasts, aggravating the condition. Even if both the base and the stent shell are made of metal materials, the thermal balance problem still exists. Different metals (such as pure titanium and cobalt-chromium alloy) have different thermal conductivities, and differences in processing technology and microstructure will also affect the heat conduction efficiency. Moreover, current metal implants are not conducive to the drainage of effusion and external drug administration. The metal surface is smooth, which affects the drainage of effusion; drugs are difficult to adsorb, penetrate, and diffuse on the metal surface, reducing the targeted treatment effect and hindering bone repair.

[0007] After implantation, fluid and gas accumulation often occur in the femoral head, which interact with thermal balance. When the amount of fluid and gas accumulation is small and the disease is in the early stage, conservative treatment is difficult to solve the thermal balance problem. If the amount is large, puncture and fluid extraction are required, but puncture has the risk of infection and damage to blood vessels and nerves, and it is impossible to directly drain the fluid and gas accumulation in the bone. If the fluid and gas accumulation in the bone are not discharged in time, the local pressure will increase, the thermal balance and blood supply will be destroyed, forming a vicious circle, hindering bone repair, and even leading to avascular necrosis of the bone. At present, the puncture and fluid extraction operation only applies treatment to the surrounding tissues outside the bone, and it cannot specifically drain the fluid and gas accumulation in the affected area of ​​the bone. If the affected area in the bone is not effectively treated and controlled, the fluid and gas accumulation are likely to reappear, and the disease may even progress further.

[0008] In addition, poor integration of implant effects during surgery also affects thermal balance after implantation. It is difficult for implants to fuse with surrounding tissues, and the tiny gaps formed hinder heat conduction. Improper surgical operation can lead to abnormal or damaged implant positions, disrupt tissue blood supply and metabolic environment, interfere with thermal balance, and cause complications such as inflammation, tissue necrosis, and implant loosening, reducing treatment effects and patient quality of life. The thermal balance problem caused by foreign bodies in the body after implantation runs through the entire process of bone implant treatment. It is a core factor affecting treatment effects and patient recovery and needs to be solved urgently.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a bone implant that can effectively remove necrotic tissue, provide reliable mechanical support, promote bone integration, rebuild bone microcirculation, continuously reduce intraosseous pressure, achieve thermal balance after implantation, and facilitate the discharge of effusion and gas. The production cost of this implant is controllable, it can be mass-produced, and has achieved good results in clinical applications. In summary, future research and development should focus on designing and manufacturing an ideal bone implant with a simplified structure, controllable production, convenient operation, and the ability to effectively promote bone tissue repair. This will hopefully provide a more reliable and effective solution for the treatment of osteonecrosis and bone defects, and bring better treatment effects and quality of life to patients. Summary of the invention

[0010] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a bone implant with multiple excellent properties. The implant can achieve thermal balance and can be combined with bone transplantation surgery to continuously discharge the effusion and gas accumulation produced after bone necrosis, continuously reduce the intrabone pressure, and do not require intrabone puncture, thereby reducing the risk of infection. At the same time, it has long-term stability and good biocompatibility, can be perfectly adapted to different populations, has controllable production costs, can be modularized and mass-produced, and has achieved good results in clinical applications.

[0011] A cage-type support for bone grafting that achieves thermal balance, comprising a support shell and a base, characterized in that the inner cavity of the support shell is filled with a filling material; the support shell and the base are detachably connected;

[0012] The stent housing has a first tail-end opening, and the first tail-end opening communicates with the internal cavity of the stent housing;

[0013] The internal filler can be placed into the internal cavity of the stent housing through the first tail-end opening;

[0014] A multi-purpose chamber is provided on the base;

[0015] The internal cavity of the stent housing is communicated with the multi-purpose chamber through a heat convection tube group; the multi-purpose chamber is configured as a heat dissipation end communicated with the inner cavity, and the heat balance between the inner cavity and the multi-purpose chamber is realized through the heat convection tube group communicated between the two.

[0016] Further, the first tail-end opening serves as a positioning and mounting member and is positioned and fitted with the base for mounting; a positioning connecting member is provided at the head end of the base, and the positioning mounting member is connected in cooperation with the positioning connecting member at the head end of the base.

[0017] Further, a positioning and locking concave hole is formed on the inner side wall of the first tail-end opening, positioning locking elements are provided around the positioning connecting member, and the positioning locking elements extend into the positioning and locking concave hole for positioning and locking cooperation.

[0018] Further, a heat convection tube group is arranged in the positioning connecting member; the heat convection tube group includes an upward through tube and a downward through tube; both ends of the upward through tube and the downward through tube are respectively opened at the head end face of the positioning connecting member and in the multi-purpose chamber.

[0019] Further, a multi-purpose chamber is provided in the base at the tail of the positioning connecting member; the multi-purpose chamber is coaxially arranged with the base; a convection auxiliary member is provided in the multi-purpose chamber, and the convection auxiliary member is arranged on the inner wall of the multi-purpose chamber.

[0020] Further, the multi-purpose chamber is also configured as a gas and liquid exchange and temporary storage area communicated with the inner cavity; the physiological waste gas and liquid generated in the inner cavity flow into the multi-purpose chamber for temporary storage.

[0021] Further, the multi-purpose chamber has a second tail-end opening at the tail end of the base; a tail-end plugging member is fitted and installed at the second tail-end opening; a delivery tube group is formed on the tail-end plugging member.

[0022] Further, the delivery tube group includes a central through tube and a peripheral through tube; both ends of the central through tube and the peripheral through tube are respectively opened at the head end face and the tail end face of the tail-end plugging member; the delivery tube group provides an operation path for discharging gas and liquid to the outside or inputting oxygen, auxiliary treatment drugs and / or nutritional components to the inside.

[0023] Further, the delivery tube group communicates the multi-purpose chamber with the outside of the stent, and transfers the heat, gas and liquid in the multi-purpose chamber to the external environment of the stent.

[0024] Further, the stent housing is a porous material with overall voids communicating.

[0025] Specifically, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] First, it provides a stable support foundation and promotes the bone integration process. The outer shell of the stent is made of a porous material with overall interconnected voids (preferably metal 3D printing), which has good mechanical strength and elasticity. During bone transplantation surgery, it can provide a stable support structure for the transplanted bone, effectively disperse stress, prevent the transplanted bone from shifting, deforming or collapsing due to unreasonable pressure during the healing process, create a stable mechanical environment for the growth and fusion of bone tissue, and contribute to improving the success rate of bone transplantation. The porous structure of the stent provides abundant space and sites for the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of bone cells, which is beneficial to the ingrowth of new bone tissue and accelerates the integration of the transplanted bone with the surrounding host bone. On the other hand, various materials promoting bone repair, such as healthy autologous bone, allogeneic bone, xenogeneic bone, artificial bone, bioactive materials, etc., can be filled inside it. These fillers work synergistically with the stent to better induce bone regeneration, enhance the bone integration effect, enable the transplanted bone to merge with the patient's own bone faster, and restore the normal function of the bone.

[0027] Second, it realizes the heat balance of the overall stent. Through the built-in heat convection exchange component, heat convection transmission and heat balance from the head end to the tail end of the implant are achieved, reducing the high temperature phenomenon at the head end of the affected area and forming an improved growth environment for the recovery of the affected area.

[0028] Third, it promotes the drainage of fluid and gas accumulation, promotes bone repair, and delays the progression of the disease. It can be combined with a negative pressure drainage operating system to perform minimally invasive and continuous multiple negative pressure drainages on the lesion site for fluid and gas accumulation. This is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the microenvironment inside the femoral head, promoting new bone formation and repair, and delaying the progression of diseases such as femoral head necrosis. Taking avascular necrosis of the femoral head as an example, the timely drainage of fluid and gas accumulation generated by necrotic tissue can provide space and nutritional support for new bone tissue, contribute to improving the self-repair ability of the femoral head, and increase the chance of successful hip preservation treatment.

[0029] Fourth, it continuously releases the intraosseous pressure, effectively relieves pain, and improves the quality of life. Excessive intraosseous pressure is an important factor in the progression of femoral head-related diseases. Releasing the intraosseous pressure through this implant helps to relieve the pain symptoms of patients and improve the quality of life. For example, for patients in the early stage of femoral head necrosis, it can relieve the hip joint pain caused by increased internal pressure in the femoral head, reduce the degree of limitation of their daily activities, restore partial work and living abilities, and greatly improve the quality of life of the patients.

[0030] Fifth, it provides a storage space and path for inputting oxygen, therapeutic drugs and / or nutritional components, and realizes possible operation forms and schemes for performing adjuvant treatment on the affected area from the outside.

[0031] Sixth, the implant can work stably and long-term, reduce medical costs, and improve treatment compliance. Compared with traditional invasive treatment methods such as repeated puncture and fluid extraction, drug injection, etc., it can reduce the number of patients' frequent medical visits and treatment costs, and improve patient compliance and treatment effects.

[0032] Seventh, from the perspective of surgical operation, the design of this implant fully considers the convenience and safety of the operation. Its simple implantation method and small surgical trauma greatly reduce the burden on the patient's body, allowing the patient to recover faster after surgery. For patients with poor physical conditions and limited tolerance, such as elderly patients with femoral head lesions, the advantages of this implant are more obvious, enabling more such patients to have the opportunity to receive effective treatment, improving the accessibility and safety of treatment.

[0033] Eighth, the implant has good biocompatibility. The implant is made of materials with good biocompatibility and optimized in design to ensure that it will not cause strong immune rejection or inflammatory reactions in the body, which can reduce complications caused by immune reactions and the need for follow-up treatment, so that patients can have a better experience during the treatment process, and it also helps to improve the rehabilitation effect and shorten the rehabilitation cycle. For example, there will be no immune rejection phenomena such as local redness, swelling, fever, and effusion after implantation.

[0034] Ninth, from the perspective of long-term effects, it has lasting performance and durability, and can work for a long time in the body without frequent replacement or adjustment, which can save patients subsequent treatment costs and energy. For example, after implantation, it can work stably for several years or even more than ten years, and patients do not need to worry about the need for another surgical intervention in the short term.

[0035] Tenth, from the perspective of adaptability, this implant can be customized according to the anatomical structure and pathological conditions of the femoral head of different patients, accurately matching the needs of each patient, and the treatment effect will be more ideal. For example, the most suitable implant solution can be provided for patients of different ages, genders, weights, and degrees and ranges of lesions.

[0036] Eleventh, multi-system synergy promotes overall rehabilitation. The fluid circulation pathway of the implant can be organically combined with postoperative oxygen supply and exhaust, thermal therapy and other systems. This innovative combination method can promote the growth of blood vessels in the stent and the lesion area, and realize the reconstruction of the oxygen circulation system in the lesion area. By providing the required stem cells, oxygen, nutrients, and growth factors to the new bone tissue, and promptly removing and discharging local metabolic waste, it can be combined with the negative pressure drainage operating system to perform minimally invasive, continuous, and multiple negative pressure drainage of effusions and gas in the lesion. The synergy between multiple systems is achieved, which promotes the repair and regeneration of bone tissue from multiple dimensions, comprehensively improves the overall treatment effect, and creates more favorable conditions for the patient's recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Stereogram of the stent implant;

[0038] Figures 2-3 Schematic diagram of the stent implant components;

[0039] Figure 4 Stereogram of the stent housing

[0040] Figures 5-6 Stereogram of the base;

[0041] Figures 7-8 Stereogram of the tail end plugging member;

[0042] Figures 9-11 Schematic sectional view of the assembled stent implant;

[0043] Figures 12-13 Schematic diagram of the porous material stent implant;

[0044] In the figure: stent housing 1, porous part 11, tail end connecting part 12, inner cavity 13, tail end opening 14, positioning and locking concave hole 15, base 2, accommodation cavity 21, upward through pipe 22, downward through pipe 23, multi-purpose cavity 24, tail end opening 25, positioning connecting part 26, tail end plugging member 3, accommodation cavity 31, central through pipe 32, peripheral through pipe 33, sinking groove 34, concave surface 35, positioning and locking element 4, column body 41, head hemispherical protrusion 42. Specific embodiments

[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 、 12 The assembled state of the stent is shown in 13. The stent includes: stent housing 1, base 2.

[0047] The stent, as a support implant, can be provided for insertion into a surgical site (such as a hole in a bone), and in the specific example here, it is inserted into the femoral head.

[0048] It should be noted that the inner side of the support implant when implanted in the bone is called the head end, and the outer side is called the tail end.

[0049] The stent housing 1 includes a porous part 11 at the head end and a tail end connecting part 12. The porous part 11 can be a porous material with an overall void connection made by 3D metal printing. The tail end of the porous part 11 is provided with a connecting part 12.

[0050] The connecting part of the bracket housing 1 has a tail-end opening 14, and the tail-end opening 14 communicates with the internal cavity of the bracket housing 1.

[0051] The internal filler can be placed into the internal cavity of the bracket housing 11 through the tail-end opening 14.

[0052] The bracket housing 1 is cup-shaped and forms a longitudinally extending inner cavity 13. The porous part 11 has a cylindrical outer wall surface and a cylindrical inner wall surface. The cylindrical inner wall surface defines the inner cavity 13 and is made of a porous material. The relative elastic properties of the porous material enable the bracket housing 1 to undergo slight deformation.

[0053] In the bracket housing 1 and the inner cavity 13, the following fillers can be filled inside, such as healthy autologous bone, allogeneic bone, artificial bone, xenogeneic bone, bioactive materials, etc., to promote the repair of the surrounding bones;

[0054] The filler can also be attached to the porous material of the bracket housing, that is, the filler in the inner cavity, the filler on the porous material of the bracket, and the autologous bone around the bone hole are completely fused and connected.

[0055] The autologous bone can be selected from the bone tissue materials drilled during the main operation. Through backfill application, intraoperative loss can be avoided, and the use of autologous bone helps bone repair.

[0056] The artificial bone induction material can be selected from one or several of the artificial bone synthesized by "collagen + sodium alginate + nano-hydroxyapatite", the artificial bone synthesized by "collagen + nano-hydroxyapatite", hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP).

[0057] The bioactive material is, for example, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), etc.

[0058] The above-mentioned fillers can be granular and filled into the bracket inner cavity 13 through instruments. The operating instrument applies a pressing force to compact the fillers.

[0059] The filler can also be processed into a colloidal state and injected into the inner cavity 13 through a syringe, and then solidifies.

[0060] After the filler is compacted or solidified in the inner cavity 13, sufficient mechanical strength is formed. The porous material has elasticity, and under the action of the elastic force generated by the slight deformation, it can ensure that the bracket housing 1 tightly wraps and presses the internal filler, and a complete implant is formed through the wrapping action of the bracket housing 1.

[0061] Figure 4 As shown, the tail-end opening 14 of the connecting part of the bracket housing 1 also serves as a positioning and installation part, and is positioned and fitted with the base 2 for installation.

[0062] The inner wall of the tail end opening 14 forms a thread and can be screwed and fitted onto the base 2.

[0063] The bracket further includes a base 2, and the base 2 is preferably made of solid material.

[0064] The outer surface of the base 2 may be additionally provided with threads or a rough surface to increase the friction with the bone during implantation, so as to facilitate stronger attachment of the stent body to the bone.

[0065] A concave hole or groove is designed on the bottom end surface of the base 2 for connecting with external instruments for surgical operations.

[0066] Figure 5 As shown, a positioning connecting piece 26 is provided at the head end of the base 2, and the positioning mounting piece of the connecting part 12 is connected in cooperation with the positioning connecting piece 26 at the head end of the base 2.

[0067] The positioning connecting piece 26 is a cylinder axially extending at the head end of the base. The outer surface of the positioning connecting piece 26 forms a thread for fitting and installing with the inner wall thread of the positioning mounting piece of the connecting part 12.

[0068] The positioning mounting piece of the connecting part 12 and the positioning connecting piece 26 at the head end of the base 2 may also adopt taper threads, and the tapers of the two are kept consistent. Using taper threads can make the connection more stable during screwing and fitting.

[0069] Figures 4-6 As shown, in order to further improve the connection stability, positioning locking concave holes 15 are also machined on the inner wall of the tail end opening 14. The positioning locking concave holes 15 are a number of concave holes formed on the inner wall, and they are in the shape of a hemisphere. The positioning locking concave holes 15 cooperate with the positioning locking elements 4 on the base for positioning and locking when the stent shell 1 and the base 2 are connected and fitted by threads. There are three positioning locking concave holes, and they are arranged evenly in a circumference.

[0070] Adaptively, a number of receiving cavities 21 are also provided around the positioning connecting piece 26 at the head end of the base 2. The receiving cavities 21 are used for placing the positioning locking elements 4. Cooperating with the positioning locking concave holes 15 of the positioning mounting piece of the connecting part 12, preferably, the receiving cavities 21 can adopt three concave holes arranged evenly in a circumference.

[0071] The positioning and locking element 4 includes a cylinder 41, which has an internal elastomer and a hemispherical protrusion 42 at the head. Under the action of external pressure, the hemispherical protrusion 42 compresses the internal elastomer. The positioning and locking element 4 is placed into the receiving cavity 21. When the bracket housing is threadedly connected to the base, during the rotation and tightening process, the hemispherical protrusion 42 will be pressed against by the inner wall of the tail end opening 14. After the bracket housing rotates to a predetermined position, the hemispherical protrusion 42 pops out and enters the concave hole 15 on the inner wall of the tail end opening 14 to form a positioning and fastening effect, so as to position and fasten the threaded connection between the bracket housing and the base.

[0072] The bracket housing and the base adopt a detachable connection method. The threaded fit between the tail end opening of the bracket housing as a positioning and mounting part and the head end positioning connecting part of the base not only realizes quick and accurate installation and disassembly, facilitates clinical operation and postoperative maintenance, but also ensures the stability of the implant in the body. This detachable connection and positioning mechanism has significant innovation in the field of bone implants. Compared with the traditional single connection method, it can better adapt to the complex human physiological environment and improve the overall performance of the implant.

[0073] Figures 9-11 As shown, a multi-purpose chamber 24 is also provided in the base 2 at the tail of the positioning connecting piece 26.

[0074] A heat convection tube group is arranged in the positioning connecting piece 26.

[0075] The heat convection tube group includes an upward through tube 22 and a downward through tube 23.

[0076] Both ends of the upward through tube 22 and the downward through tube 23 are respectively open at the head end face of the positioning connecting piece 26 and in the multi-purpose chamber 24.

[0077] After the stent housing 1 and the base 2 are connected and assembled, the upper through-tube 22 and the lower through-tube 23 can be used to connect the inner cavity 13 of the stent housing 1 and the multi-purpose chamber 24, thus forming an overall heat convection environment space. The inner cavity 13 of the stent housing 1 has a relatively high temperature due to the biochemical process of the growth and metabolism of the filler. In normal human tissues, heat balance between the inside and outside of the human body can be achieved through the body fluid circulation. In the early stage of femoral head necrosis, local blood circulation is impaired, and blood stasis will lead to the generation of inflammatory reactions. The aggregation of inflammatory factors accelerates local metabolism, which in turn causes the temperature inside the femoral head to rise. Excessive temperature will affect the normal metabolism of the cells inside the femoral head. In an environment where normal cells are outside the appropriate temperature range, their physiological functions will be disturbed. The high-temperature environment may inhibit the activity of osteoblasts and even cause cell death, thus hindering the formation of new bone. This will further expand the necrotic area and interfere with the physiological process of self-repair of the femoral head. Moreover, in the early stage of endosseous implantation, since the removal of normal bone tissue cannot achieve heat removal through body fluid circulation, local heat accumulation is not conducive to the growth of normal tissues, but will instead lead to the deterioration of the affected area. Maintaining the heat stability of the inner cavity 13 is the key, and a heat transfer path from the inner cavity 13 to the outside needs to be provided for it.

[0078] The multi-purpose chamber 24 can be configured as a heat dissipation end connected to the inner cavity 13. The heat in the inner cavity 13 is transferred to the multi-purpose chamber 24 through the heat convection tube group connected between the two. And finally, it is continuously conducted from the multi-purpose chamber 24 to the external area of the human body.

[0079] The upper through-tube 22 is configured to provide a heat conduction path from the multi-purpose chamber 24 to the inner cavity 13. It is preferably a tapered tube. The tail end inlet of the upper through-tube 22 has a larger diameter, and its head end outlet has a smaller diameter. Due to the diameter difference between the inlet and the outlet of the tapered tube, an inlet and outlet pressure difference will be generated. The tapered tube can ensure the smooth flow of the heat medium from the inlet to the outlet through the pressure difference.

[0080] Similarly, the lower through-tube 23 is configured to provide a heat conduction path from the inner cavity 13 to the multi-purpose chamber 24. It is preferably a tapered tube. The head end inlet of the lower through-tube 23 has a larger diameter, and its tail end outlet has a smaller diameter. The smooth flow of the heat medium from the inlet to the outlet can be ensured through the pressure difference.

[0081] The upper through-tube 22 and the lower through-tube 23 can include several, such as Figure 11 shown,

[0082] At the central position of the positioning connector 26, an upper through-tube 22 is provided, which is used to introduce the low-temperature heat medium in the multi-purpose chamber 24 into the inner cavity 13; at the peripheral position around the positioning connector 26, several lower through-tubes 23 are provided, which are used to introduce the high-temperature heat medium in the inner cavity 13 into the multi-purpose chamber 24. The heat balance between the inner cavity 13 and the multi-purpose chamber 24 is achieved by using the heat convection tube group.

[0083] A number of downward pipes 23 are provided at the peripheral position around the circumference, and are arranged at intervals from the accommodation cavity 21. When three concave holes are arranged in a circumferentially uniform manner in the accommodation cavity 21, three downward pipes 23 can be correspondingly arranged at intervals and evenly distributed with the accommodation cavity.

[0084] In the above implementation, considering the spatial occupation interference between the accommodation cavity 21 and the heat convection pipe group, it is realized by staggered and uniform distribution.

[0085] In another implementation (not shown), when the positioning and locking element 4 is not used, there is no need to provide the accommodation cavity 21, and the heat convection pipe group can be arranged on the circular cross-section of the entire positioning connector 26 as the heat exchange surface.

[0086] Based on the thermodynamic principle, an array arrangement can be carried out on the entire circular cross-section. Usually, it can be composed of an array formed by arranging a number of equilateral triangle units. It can also be composed of a number of concentric circumferences arranged evenly to form an array. At each node of the entire array plane, an upward pipe 22 or a downward pipe 23 is used, and the upward pipes 22 and downward pipes 23 at two adjacent nodes are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0087] Adopting a full cross-section array arrangement can improve the heat exchange efficiency, and the densely arranged pipes in the array are more conducive to the liquid accumulated in the inner cavity 13 to seep into the multi-purpose chamber 24.

[0088] In the above embodiment, a tapered pipe is used. When seeking to reduce the product cost, a simplified solution can be adopted.

[0089] For example, the upward pipe 22 and the downward pipe 23 adopt a cylindrical shape with an equal diameter, or a cylindrical shape with an equal diameter and only a local hole expansion process is adopted at the inlet to form a pressure difference.

[0090] On the other hand, when seeking the product performance requirements, a further optimized solution can be adopted.

[0091] For example, the upward pipe 22 and the downward pipe 23 adopt a more optimal fluid pipeline type, adopting the shape of a hyperbolic revolving cylinder.

[0092] The hyperbolic revolving cylinder is more conducive to the accelerated flow of the fluid in the pipeline. When the upward pipe 22 and the downward pipe 23 adopt the hyperbolic revolving cylinder type, an extremely excellent heat medium convection effect can be brought, and the heat balance efficiency in the inner cavity 13 and the multi-purpose chamber 24 is better.

[0093] Furthermore, the upward pipe 22 and the downward pipe 23 can adopt any existing implementable passage form, as long as it can provide a heat convection passage from the inner cavity to the multi-purpose chamber.

[0094] Such as Figures 9-11As shown, a cylindrical multi-purpose chamber 24 is coaxially arranged inside the base 2. The multi-purpose chamber 24 has multiple functions.

[0095] First, the internal space of the multi-purpose chamber has a heat medium fluid, such as gas or liquid in the internal space of the multi-purpose chamber. From a thermodynamic perspective, the multi-purpose chamber provides a supporting extended heat volume for the entire bone implant. The supporting extended heat volume can perform corresponding heat exchange with the heat medium in the inner cavity 13 and achieve the overall heat balance of the entire bone implant from the head end to the tail end.

[0096] Secondly, the filling material in the inner cavity 13 of the stent shell 1 will conduct nutritional exchange with the surrounding bone tissue through the porous material, and the bone tissue will grow into the stent for filling. During this process, the physiological waste gas and liquid generated need to be discharged in a timely manner. Since the implanted part of the stent lacks normal bone tissue and cannot absorb and excrete waste gas and liquid physiologically from the human body, the pressure generated by excessive waste gas and liquid will cause physiological discomfort and affect the recovery and growth of bone tissue, so it needs to be discharged in a timely manner.

[0097] The internal space of the multi-purpose chamber 24 is connected to the inner cavity 13 at the head end. The waste gas and liquid generated in the inner cavity at the head end can enter the multi-purpose chamber through the through pipe in the heat convection pipe group. The multi-purpose chamber can provide enough space to accommodate the physiological waste gas and liquid in the inner cavity at the head end and reduce the impact on bone growth in the inner cavity at the head end. The multi-purpose chamber 24 provides a temporary storage space for physiological waste. When needed, the physiological waste is drained out by inserting a pipe fitting into the multi-purpose chamber.

[0098] Thirdly, the multi-purpose chamber 24 is further configured with a communication port with the outside of the stent. Through the communication port, the drug provided externally can be placed into the multi-purpose chamber. The drug effect can be transported into the inner cavity 13 through the convection phenomenon between the inner cavity 13 and the multi-purpose chamber 24 to provide drug support for the organic matter in the inner cavity.

[0099] The drug in the multi-purpose chamber 24 can adopt the placement method before implantation and / or the placement method after implantation.

[0100] The following will describe the multi-purpose chamber 24 in detail.

[0101] The multi-purpose chamber 24 is cylindrical and located inside the base. It has a tail end opening 25 at the tail end of the base, which is convenient for processing or cleaning the internal structure of the base.

[0102] A convection auxiliary part is also processed inside the multi-purpose chamber 24.

[0103] The convection auxiliary part is arranged on the inner wall of the multi-purpose chamber. Under the action of the convection auxiliary part, the heat medium (such as gas) in the multi-purpose chamber 24 can be promoted to flow along a specific path to achieve the optimal heat convection exchange effect.

[0104] According to requirements, fluid guiding sheets can be used for the convection auxiliary components. If a straight fin structure is adopted, a number of strip fins can be evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the multi-purpose chamber. The strip fins are adjacent to each other in pairs, and the gap between them is used to form a heat medium fluid path.

[0105] To ensure good guidance of the heat medium fluid, the strip fins are of a certain height.

[0106] Its height value should be greater than the gap width, preferably 1.5 - 3 times.

[0107] In other embodiments, the convection auxiliary components can adopt a spiral arrangement, that is, spiral fins are formed axially on the inner wall of the multi-purpose chamber. Similarly, there is a specific proportional relationship between the pitch and height of the spiral fins. Preferably, the height is 1.5 - 3 times the pitch.

[0108] Under the action of the convection auxiliary components, the heat medium in the multi-purpose chamber forms a regular and orderly internal convection field in the length direction of the multi-purpose chamber, providing an optimized internal heat convection exchange effect.

[0109] Figure 5 As shown, an opening 25 is formed at the tail end of the multi-purpose chamber, which is used for processing or cleaning the internal structure of the base. And during the actual application of the implant, the tail end opening 25 also provides an operable function. The tail end opening 25 has two parts of structure.

[0110] The outer side of it is in the form of an internal hexagon, and the inner side forms an internal thread.

[0111] During implantation, an operating tool is selected to cooperate with the internal hexagon of the tail end opening 25, and the assembled bracket is screwed or pressed into the bone hole. After implantation, the tail end opening 25 needs to be closed and blocked.

[0112] An internal thread is formed inside the tail end opening 25 of the multi-purpose chamber, and a tail end plugging member 3 is fitted and installed there.

[0113] Figures 7-8 As shown, the tail end plugging member 3 also adopts a roughly cylindrical shape.

[0114] An external thread is formed at the head end part of it, which is connected and matched with the internal thread of the above-mentioned tail end opening 25.

[0115] A counterbore 34 is formed at the tail end of the tail end plugging member. The counterbore 34 is in the form of an internal hexagon.

[0116] When it is necessary to screw in and fasten the tail end plugging member 3, an operating instrument such as an internal hexagon wrench is inserted into the counterbore 34 and drives the tail end plugging member 3 to rotate and fasten.

[0117] To achieve stable fastening of the tail end plugging member 3 when screwing it in.

[0118] On the inner wall of the tail end opening 25 of the multi-purpose chamber, positioning and locking concave holes are also machined. The positioning and locking concave holes are several concave holes formed on the inner wall, and they are in the shape of a hemisphere. The positioning and locking concave holes cooperate with the positioning and locking elements 4 on the tail end plugging member, and are positioned and locked when the tail end plugging member 3 is screwed in for fitting. There are three positioning and locking concave holes, and they are evenly arranged in a circumference.

[0119] Around the outer threaded part of the tail end plugging member 3, several accommodating cavities 31 are also provided. The accommodating cavities 31 are used for placing the positioning and locking elements 4. Cooperating with the positioning and locking concave holes of the tail end opening 25 of the multi-purpose chamber, preferably, the accommodating cavities can be three concave holes evenly arranged in a circumference.

[0120] The positioning and locking elements 4 at the tail end plugging member are of the same structure as the positioning and locking elements 4 of the head end positioning connecting member 26 of the base 2, which improves the interchangeability of the instrument accessories.

[0121] In another embodiment, as the tail end plugging member 3, it does not require the connection strength of the threaded fit.

[0122] In order to provide a simpler and more practical fitting method. An insertion fitting method is adopted between the tail end plugging member 3 and the tail end opening 25 of the multi-purpose chamber.

[0123] That is, the tail end opening 25 of the multi-purpose chamber and the tail end plugging member 3 do not need to form internal and external mating threads. The two form a mating body with the same contour. A cylinder or a multi-faceted cylinder with the same contour size can be used. In order to improve the fitting tightness, a taper design can be adopted, that is, better sealing tightness is achieved through the tapered mating surface after the insertion fitting.

[0124] In the insertion fitting method, in order to ensure the tight fitting of the two and prevent them from falling off easily, the positioning and locking elements 4 at the tail end plugging member 3 and the positioning and locking concave holes of the tail end opening 25 of the multi-purpose chamber can also be used. When the tail end plugging member 3 is inserted to a predetermined depth, the positioning and locking elements 4 enter the positioning and locking concave holes to achieve positioning and fastening, and no falling-off phenomenon will occur.

[0125] The above is the description of the connection structure and function of the tail end plugging member 3.

[0126] Next, other functional roles of the tail end plugging member 3 will be further described.

[0127] The multi-purpose chamber 24 needs to continue heat transfer or gas-liquid exchange with the external environment of the stent.

[0128] On the tail end plugging member 3, a conveying pipe group is formed, which is similar to the structure of the heat convection pipe group arranged in the positioning connecting member 26.

[0129] Figures 7-8 As shown, the conveying pipe group includes a central through pipe 32 and a peripheral through pipe 33.

[0130] Both ends of the central through-tube 32 and the peripheral through-tube 33 are respectively open to the head end face and the tail end face of the tail end plugging member 3.

[0131] The delivery tube group can first serve as an external operation path for liquid suction or drug injection.

[0132] The delivery tube group can be connected to the outside of the human body through external pipe fittings. When there is a relatively large amount of tissue metabolic waste temporarily stored in the multi-purpose chamber 24 and gas and liquid diffusion, exchange, and absorption cannot be achieved under natural conditions, it needs to be discharged in a timely manner. The tissue metabolic waste can be aspirated and output through the delivery tube group. In addition, the delivery tube group can also serve as a path for providing drugs and / or nutritional components to the inside, sending the drugs and / or nutritional components for adjuvant treatment into the multi-purpose chamber 24 through the delivery tube group, temporarily storing them in the multi-purpose chamber 24 and providing treatment and / or nutritional effects for the organic tissues in the inner cavity 13. Optimally, a delivery needle with a certain length can even be used to directly administer drugs to the inner cavity 13 through the delivery tube group and the heat convection tube group.

[0133] The delivery tube group includes a central through-tube 32 and a peripheral through-tube 33. By matching corresponding pipe connection components, an internal and external circulation system can also be formed. The tail end faces of the central through-tube 32 and the peripheral through-tube 33 are open at the bottom of the sinking groove 34. The sinking groove 34 is in the form of an internal hexagon, which can insert a pipe connection component with a hexagonal prism shape. The pipe connection component also forms a central channel and a peripheral channel and is connected to external equipment. When the delivery tube group of the tail end plugging member 3, the external pipe connection component, and the external equipment are connected, the internal and external circulation system can be formed by using the central through-tube 32 and the peripheral through-tube 33, and the continuous input and discharge of the internal environment in the multi-purpose chamber 24 and the inner cavity 13 can be realized through external equipment (such as a gas-liquid circulation device), achieving a circulating treatment effect.

[0134] The central through-tube 32 and the peripheral through-tube 33 can adopt a straight tube shape.

[0135] More preferably, the central through-tube 32 and / or the peripheral through-tube 33 adopt a more optimal fluid pipeline type, which is a hyperbolic rotary cylinder.

[0136] The hyperbolic rotary cylinder is more conducive to the accelerated flow of the fluid in the pipeline. When the central through-tube and / or the peripheral through-tube adopt the form of a hyperbolic rotary cylinder, an extremely excellent heat medium convection effect can be brought. The heat transferred from the inner cavity 13 to the multi-purpose chamber 24 can continue to be transferred to the outside through the delivery tube group on the tail end plugging member 3, not only achieving the thermal balance at the head end and the tail end of the stent, but also realizing the thermal balance inside and outside the stent, and achieving better thermal balance efficiency in the inner cavity and the multi-purpose chamber.

[0137] The head end face of the tail end plugging member 3 forms an arc concave surface or a conical concave surface. The concave surface 35 can provide a storage area for temporarily storing gas and liquid inside, and is more conducive to the suction effect on the temporarily stored gas and liquid during suction output. Moreover, the concave surface 35 also provides a fluid guiding effect for the transfer of internal heat to the outside world, which is conducive to the heat transfer balance between the inside and outside of the stent.

[0138] In the inner cavity 13 of the stent, the filling material is filled; the filling material can be pre-compacted and pre-cured by using instruments;

[0139] It also includes a bone graft pressing device used in cooperation with the stent. The bone graft pressing device can be used to compact the filling material in the inner cavity 13 of the stent.

[0140] The bone graft pressing device has a handle part and a pressing part, and one end of the handle part is fixedly connected to the pressing part.

[0141] The handle part is a long strip-shaped cylinder for the operator to hold and apply force. The end of the handle part is used for pressing during the filling of the inner cavity.

[0142] When filling in the inner cavity 13, the end of the handle part is used to pre-compact the filling material.

[0143] When the filling material is almost finished filling the inner cavity 13, a certain depth needs to be filled inside the positioning and installation part, and the pressing part is required. The bottom surface of the pressing part can compact the filling material and make the filling material form a top plane. The top plane of the filling material can form a complete fit with the top surface of the positioning connecting part 26 of the base 2.

[0144] In practical applications, various types of filling materials can be provided for selection, including autologous bone, allogeneic bone, xenogeneic bone, artificial bone, bioactive materials, etc. And corresponding filling operation methods are designed for different filling materials, such as filling granular filling materials with instruments and injecting colloidal filling materials with syringes. At the same time, a special bone graft pressing device is used to press it to ensure the filling quality.

[0145] In order to place the implant in the hole in the bone, the components are in a separated state in the initial state.

[0146] First, design a corresponding filling scheme for the inner cavity of the stent according to the patient's individual situation.

[0147] During the surgical operation, drill a core hole in the femoral head to collect the corresponding autologous bone particles; select healthy autologous bone, allogeneic bone, xenogeneic bone, artificial bone, bioactive materials, etc. as the filling materials.

[0148] Perform the filling operation of the filling material in the inner cavity; use instruments (such as a bone graft pressing device) to perform pre-compaction and pre-curing operations on the filling material;

[0149] The bracket housing is threadedly connected to the base, and under the elastic wrapping effect of the bracket housing 1, they are combined into an integral implant. After assembly, the bracket can be implanted into the cavity formed after the removal of the core decompression lesion of avascular necrosis of the femoral head, playing a role in biomechanical support and promoting the growth of blood vessels and bone tissue.

[0150] The integral implant is inserted into the drill hole in the bone tissue. The physician uses an internal hexagonal instrument to engage the tail mating area of the base 2, such as the tail end opening 25 and the counterbore 34. The assembled implant is pressed, screwed, or tapped into the hole. The outer surface of the base 2 can be provided with threads or a rough surface, and through rotation or extrusion, the base is tightly fixed to the surrounding tissue.

[0151] The porous component of the bracket housing 1 is pressed against the surrounding bone forming the hole, generating initial stability in multiple directions by using the bracket housing 1.

[0152] The implant in the bone hole can achieve internal thermal balance and can guide the high temperature at the head end to the tail end and the body surface. The multi-chamber of the implant can provide sufficient space to accommodate the physiological waste gas and liquid in the head end inner cavity, reducing the impact on bone growth in the head end inner cavity.

[0153] When there is a relatively large amount of tissue metabolic waste temporarily stored in the multi-chamber and needs to be discharged in time, the tissue metabolic waste can be aspirated and output through the delivery tube group. In addition, the delivery tube group can also be used as a path to provide drugs and / or nutritional components to the inside. Oxygen and auxiliary treatment drugs and / or nutritional components are sent into the multi-chamber through the delivery tube group, temporarily stored in the multi-chamber 24 and providing treatment and / or nutrition for the organic tissue in the inner cavity 13. It can also be realized that a delivery needle with a certain length can even directly administer drugs to the inner cavity 13 through the delivery tube group and the heat convection tube group.

[0154] When negative pressure drainage is required, an external pipe fitting is connected to the drainage device for various drainage operations.

[0155] Furthermore, the fluid circulation path in the implant can be combined with the postoperative oxygen supply and exhaust system to promote the growth of blood vessels in the bracket and the lesion area, realize the reconstruction of the oxygen circulation system in the lesion area, and provide the required stem cells, oxygen, nutrients, growth factors for the newly formed bone tissue and remove the local metabolic waste.

[0156] In addition, each component of the bracket can be prepared by 3D printing technology or by non-3D printing technology (such as subtractive manufacturing, chemical vapor deposition method or sintering method, etc.). The bracket can be processed into any other shape as needed. This bracket is a porous titanium alloy bracket, and the material of the bracket can also be tantalum, titanium-tantalum alloy, nickel-titanium alloy, pure titanium, cobalt alloy, calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, polylactic acid (PLA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), coral or bioceramics and other materials.

[0157] The present invention provides a rich variety of filler options to meet the needs of different patients and clinical treatment scenarios. The filler can be healthy autologous bone, which can be directly selected from the bone tissue material drilled during the main operation. Through backfilling application, it can not only avoid the loss of bone tissue during the operation, but also utilize the biological characteristics of autologous bone to help accelerate the bone repair process. In addition, allogeneic bone, xenogeneic bone, artificial bone, and various bioactive materials can also be used as alternative options for fillers. The artificial bone induction materials can be one or several of the artificial bones synthesized by "collagen + sodium alginate + nano-hydroxyapatite", "collagen + nano-hydroxyapatite", hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP). These artificial bone materials have good biocompatibility and bone induction performance, and can provide an effective scaffold and guiding effect for new bone formation. In terms of bioactive materials, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), etc., which are rich in various growth factors, can actively promote cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue repair, providing strong bioactive support for the regeneration of bone tissue.

[0158] Corresponding filling operation methods are designed for different types of fillers. For granular fillers, they can be filled into the inner cavity of the stent with the help of specially designed instruments. During the filling process, the operating instrument can apply appropriate compaction force to make the fillers evenly distributed and compacted in the inner cavity of the stent, ensuring that the fillers form a stable structure in the stent and providing a solid foundation for bone tissue growth. For fillers processed into colloidal form, they can be accurately injected into the inner cavity with a syringe. After injection, the fillers will undergo a curing and solidification reaction, thus forming a stable filling structure in the inner cavity of the stent. Whether it is granular or colloidal filler, after compaction or curing, it can form sufficient mechanical strength in the inner cavity of the stent and cooperate with the elastic stent shell to form a complete implant structure. The stent shell, relying on the elastic characteristics of its porous material, under the action of the elastic force generated by minute deformation, can tightly wrap and continuously press the internal fillers, achieving a balance between strength and toughness, and further enhancing the stability and integrity of the implant.

[0159] In order to ensure the filling quality and uniformity of the filler in the inner cavity of the stent, a bone graft compactor specially matched therewith is designed. The bone graft compactor is composed of a handle part and a pressing part, and the two work together to achieve the precise pressing operation of the filler. The handle part is designed in the shape of a long strip cylinder, which is convenient for the operator to hold and apply force. In the initial stage of filling, the end of the handle part can be used to pre-press the filler material, so that the filler initially forms a certain degree of compactness in the inner cavity of the stent. When the inner cavity is almost filled with the filler, it is necessary to fill a certain depth of the filler inside the positioning and mounting part. At this time, the pressing part is used for the operation. The pressing part is designed such that its outer surface forms a pressing fit structure that precisely matches the inner surface of the positioning and mounting part. When the pressing part is inserted into the positioning and mounting part, its bottom surface can apply a uniform and effective pressing force to the filler material, so that the filler material forms a top plane inside the positioning and mounting part. This top plane can form a complete and tight fit with the top surface of the base positioning insert, ensuring the connection stability between the stent housing and the base, and at the same time ensuring the uniform distribution and compactness of the filler in the entire inner cavity of the stent, laying a solid foundation for the implant to exert its best performance in the body.

[0160] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only an explanation of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail, those skilled in the art can still modify the aforementioned technical solutions or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cage-type support for bone grafting to achieve thermal balance, comprising a support shell and a base, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the bracket shell is filled with a filling material; the bracket shell and the base are detachably connected; The bracket shell has a first tail end opening, and the first tail end opening is connected to the inner cavity of the bracket shell; The internal filler can be placed into the internal cavity of the stent shell through the first tail end opening; A multi-purpose chamber is provided on the base; The internal cavity of the bracket shell is connected to the multi-purpose chamber through a heat convection tube group; the multi-purpose chamber is configured as a heat dissipation end connected to the inner cavity, and the heat balance between the inner cavity and the multi-purpose chamber is achieved through the heat convection tube group connected between the two.

2. The cage-type support for bone grafting that realizes thermal balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tail end opening is used as a positioning installation piece, and is installed in a positioning and matching manner with the base; a positioning connecting piece is provided at the head end of the base, and the positioning installation piece is matched and connected with the positioning connecting piece at the head end of the base.

3. The cage-type support for bone grafting that realizes thermal balance according to claim 2, characterized in that: A positioning locking recessed hole is formed on the inner side wall of the first tail end opening, and positioning locking elements are arranged around the positioning connector. The positioning locking elements extend into the positioning locking recessed hole for positioning locking cooperation.

4. The cage-type support for bone grafting that realizes thermal balance according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heat convection pipe group is arranged in the positioning connector; the heat convection pipe group includes an upward through pipe and a downward through pipe; both ends of the upward through pipe and the downward through pipe are opened in the head end surface of the positioning connector and the multi-purpose chamber respectively.

5. The cage-type support for bone grafting that realizes thermal balance according to claim 2, characterized in that: A multi-purpose chamber is arranged in the base at the tail of the positioning connector; the multi-purpose chamber is coaxially arranged with the base; a convection auxiliary component is arranged in the multi-purpose chamber, and the convection auxiliary component is arranged on the inner wall of the multi-purpose chamber.

6. The cage-type support for bone grafting that realizes thermal balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-purpose chamber is also configured as a gas and liquid exchange temporary storage area communicated with the inner cavity; the physiological waste gas and waste liquid generated in the inner cavity flow into the multi-purpose chamber for temporary storage.

7. The cage-type support for bone grafting that realizes thermal balance according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-purpose chamber has a second tail end opening at the tail end of the base; a tail end blocking piece is installed in cooperation with the second tail end opening; and a conveying pipe group is formed on the tail end blocking piece.

8. The cage-type support for bone grafting that realizes thermal balance according to claim 7, characterized in that: The delivery tube group includes a central through tube and a peripheral through tube; both ends of the central through tube and the peripheral through tube are opened at the head end surface and the tail end surface of the tail end plugging piece respectively; the delivery tube group provides an operation path for discharging gas and liquid to the outside, or inputting auxiliary treatment drugs and / or nutrients into the inside.

9. The cage-type support for bone grafting that realizes thermal balance according to claim 7, characterized in that: The delivery pipe group connects the multi-purpose chamber with the outside of the bracket, and transfers the heat, gas and liquid in the multi-purpose chamber to the external environment of the bracket.

10. The cage-type support for bone grafting that realizes thermal balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support shell is a porous material with interconnected gaps.

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