Environment-friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the environment-friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1%-5% of metal salt, 1%-5% of a high nitrogen and phosphorus compound, 0.1%-3% of a surfactant, 0.01%-0.1% of a foam stabilizer and the balance of fireproof wood flour fermentation liquor, the fireproof wood powder fermentation liquor is obtained by adding 2%-5% lime water which is 2-5 times of the weight of the fireproof wood into fireproof wood powder to be soaked and fermented for more than 48 hours. The environment-friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention is prepared by adopting fire-retardant forest plants as raw materials through fermentation, chelation and nanocrystallization treatment, has better anti-after-combustion and foaming effects, does not cause environmental pollution compared with a traditional flame-retardant fire extinguishing agent, and is biodegradable and safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents, and in particular to an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method thereof and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Water-based fire extinguishing agents have been widely used in fighting Class A and Class B fires due to their simple equipment, low cost and high fire extinguishing efficiency. They are currently recognized as the most commonly used and effective means of fighting fires. However, the core component of traditional aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agents (AFFF) is perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) surfactants. However, as a synthetic raw material for fluorocarbon surfactants, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) has serious ecological and environmental damage. This type of substance has extremely complex environmental hazards and has been restricted for use. Therefore, the development of environmentally friendly water-based fire extinguishing agents is of great significance.

[0003] In order to prevent the spread of fire and protect forest resources and the ecological environment. Domestic fire prevention forests plant fire-resistant and fire-tolerant tree species, such as Schima superba, coral tree, Polygonum multiflorum, Camellia oleifera, and holly, to block the spread of forest fires and reduce forest fire losses. These tree species have high fire temperatures and high water content, making them difficult to burn. They can prevent, resist, block, isolate, and cut off fires when fires occur, and can exert long-term fire prevention benefits. They are a good fire-resistant and fire-resistant tree species and are called "fire extinguishers" in the forest. The fire extinguishing agent developed based on fire prevention forest raw materials has broad prospects and is the best choice for environmentally friendly plant-derived fire extinguishing agents. Therefore, it is of great value and significance to develop an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent using fire prevention forest raw materials as raw materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the raw materials used in the conventional aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent in the prior art are not conducive to the environment. The fire extinguishing agent has excellent fire extinguishing performance and is environmentally friendly. At the same time, the raw materials for its preparation are easily available, and it is easy to realize industrial production. It has broad application prospects and is conducive to promotion and application.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method and an application thereof, comprising the following ingredients in weight percentage: 1%-5% metal salt, 1%-5% high nitrogen and phosphorus compound, 0.1-3% surfactant, 0.01-0.1% foam stabilizer and the remainder fire-resistant wood powder fermentation liquid, wherein the fire-resistant wood powder fermentation liquid is obtained by adding 2%~5% lime water (2%~5% by weight of the fire-resistant wood) to the fire-resistant wood powder and soaking and fermenting for more than 48 hours.

[0006] Furthermore, the metal salt is one or more of potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and ammonium chloride; and the high nitrogen and phosphorus compound is one or more of ammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate.

[0007] Furthermore, the metal salt plays an anti-burning role, the high nitrogen and phosphorus compound is mainly a flame retardant, and the surfactant mainly plays a foaming role.

[0008] Furthermore, the lime water can be replaced by other alkaline solutions, such as sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, etc.

[0009] Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is an inorganic, halogen-free, phosphorus-containing flame retardant with the advantages of low smoke, non-toxicity, high thermal decomposition temperature, low water solubility, green environmental protection, and low cost. APP decomposes into poly / polyphosphoric acid and inert gas when heated, which enhances the effect of foam asphyxiation and fire extinguishing; and APP decomposes into an endothermic reaction when heated, which enhances the cooling effect of the foam. Combining the synergistic effects of these two aspects, APP has a synergistic effect on the foam fire extinguishing agent to extinguish Class A fire, and APP can significantly enhance the fire extinguishing performance of the foam.

[0010] Furthermore, the surfactant is one or more of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, cocamidopropyl betaine, and sodium polyoxyethyl fatty alcohol sulfate.

[0011] Surfactants have excellent foaming properties and are the main foaming agent in the formulation. They can also reduce the interfacial tension between the fuel and the foam solution.

[0012] Furthermore, the foam stabilizer is one or more of xanthan gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0013] Furthermore, the fireproof wood powder includes fireproof wood powder obtained by crushing Schima superba, Coral Tree and Castanopsis eyrei.

[0014] The fire-proof wood species has a high fire temperature and a large water content and is difficult to burn. It can play the role of fire prevention, fire resistance, fire retardation, fire isolation and fire interruption when a fire occurs, and can exert fire prevention benefits for a long time.

[0015] Furthermore, preservatives, thickeners, antifreeze agents, and drag reducers may be added to the environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0016] Furthermore, the preservative includes sodium diacetate, potassium sorbate, sodium silicate; the thickener includes xanthan gum, sodium alginate, guar gum, carrageenan, pectin; The antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, sodium acetate and potassium acetate.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent, comprising the following steps: S1, crush the fireproof wood into 2-4 mm particles, add 2%~5% lime water which is 2-5 times the weight of the fireproof wood, soak and ferment for more than 48 hours to obtain fermentation liquid; S2, adding 1%-5% metal salt and 1%-5% high nitrogen and phosphorus compound to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, heating to 100-110°C, stirring for 1-3 hours for chelation, and then adjusting the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid to obtain a chelated liquid; S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 0.1-3% surfactant to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-processing, and then add a foam stabilizer to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an application of an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent prepared by a method for preparing an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent, wherein the environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent is used in fire-fighting equipment, and the fire-fighting equipment includes but is not limited to water-lift fire extinguishers, foam guns, fire trucks and large-scale fire-fighting equipment.

[0019] Furthermore, the chelating liquid is used to adjust the pH, and hydrochloric acid is used because it is more economical. Other inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid may also be used.

[0020] Further, high pressure nano-processing is performed using a high pressure homogenizer or microfluidizer.

[0021] Based on the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present invention can at least produce the following technical effects: (1) The environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent prepared by the present invention uses fire-resistant forest plants as raw materials and is obtained through fermentation, chelation, and nano-processing. The fire extinguishing agent has good anti-reignition and foaming effects. Compared with traditional flame retardant fire extinguishing agents, it does not cause environmental pollution, is biodegradable, and is safer.

[0022] (2) The environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent prepared by the present invention does not contain PFOS and PFOA. The main plant base is natural plant materials, and has high nitrogen, potassium and other nutrients required for plant production. Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent is not only environmentally friendly and safe, but also can provide nutrients for plant growth.

[0023] (3) The raw materials of the present invention are easily available, the preparation method is simple, and industrial production can be easily realized. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0026] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to the skilled artisan. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0028] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0029] The chemical reagents involved in the present invention are all commercially available reagents.

[0030] Example 1 S1. Crush the Schima superba into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the Schima superba, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0031] S2. Add 5% potassium chloride and 5% ammonium phosphate to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 110°C, stir for 3 hours for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0032] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 1% sodium α-olefin sulfonate to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-processing, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0033] Example 2 S1. Crush the coral tree into 2-4mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the coral tree, soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0034] S2. Add 5% potassium chloride and 5% ammonium phosphate to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 110°C, stir for 3 hours for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0035] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 1% sodium α-olefin sulfonate to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-processing, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0036] Example 3 S1. Crush Castanopsis eyrei into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of Castanopsis eyrei, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0037] S2. Add 5% potassium chloride and 5% ammonium phosphate to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 110°C, stir for 3 hours for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0038] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 1% sodium α-olefin sulfonate to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-processing, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0039] Example 4 S1. Crush the Schima superba into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the Schima superba, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0040] S2. Add 5% sodium chloride and 5% ammonium polyphosphate to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 110°C, stir for 3 hours for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0041] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 1% sodium α-olefin sulfonate to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-processing, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0042] Example 5 S1. Crush the Schima superba into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the Schima superba, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0043] S2. Add 5% ammonium chloride and 5% ammonium polyphosphate to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 110°C, stir for 3 hours for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0044] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 1% sodium α-olefin sulfonate to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-processing, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0045] Example 6 S1. Crush the Schima superba into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the Schima superba, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0046] S2. Add 5% potassium chloride and 5% ammonium phosphate to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 110°C, stir for 3 hours for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0047] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 1% cocamidopropyl betaine to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-treatment, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0048] Example 7 S1. Crush the Schima superba into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the Schima superba, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0049] S2. Add 5% potassium chloride and 5% ammonium phosphate to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 110°C, stir for 3 hours for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0050] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 1% sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-processing, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0051] Example 8 S1. Crush the Schima superba into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the Schima superba, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0052] S2. Add 5% potassium chloride and 5% ammonium phosphate to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 110°C, stir for 3 hours for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0053] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 1% sodium α-olefin sulfonate to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-processing, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0054] Example 9 S1. Crush the Schima superba into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the Schima superba, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0055] S2. Add 5% sodium chloride and 5% ammonium polyphosphate to the fermentation broth obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 100°C, stir for 1 hour for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0056] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 1% cocamidopropyl betaine to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-treatment, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0057] Example 10 S1. Crush the Schima superba into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the Schima superba, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0058] S2. Add 2% potassium chloride, 2% sodium chloride, 1% ammonium chloride and 5% ammonium polyphosphate to the fermentation broth obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 100°C, stir for 1 hour for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0059] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 0.5% cocamidopropyl betaine and 0.5% sodium polyoxyethyl alcohol sulfate to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-treatment, and then add 0.05% foam stabilizer xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0060] Embodiment 11 S1. Crush the Schima superba into 2-4 mm particles, add 2% lime water 3 times the weight of the Schima superba, and soak and ferment for more than 48 hours.

[0061] S2. Add 5% potassium chloride and 5% ammonium phosphate to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, raise the temperature to 110°C, stir for 3 hours for chelation, and then adjust the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid.

[0062] S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 0.5% sodium α-olefin sulfonate, 0.5% cocamidopropyl betaine, and 0.5% sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethyl ether sulfate to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-treatment, and then add 0.02% foam stabilizer sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.02% xanthan gum to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0063] Comparative Example 1 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the fermentation liquid is replaced with an equal amount of water.

[0064] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example is a water-forming fire extinguishing agent purchased on the market. Comparative Example 3 This comparative example is a commercially available anti-soluble water-forming film-forming fire extinguishing agent.

[0065] The performance of each embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 1-3 was tested according to GB15308-2006 standard. The main technical indicators of the present invention and other fire extinguishing agents are compared as shown in Table 1. Table 1

[0066] It can be seen from Table 1 that the environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agents prepared in Examples 1-10 of the present invention all have excellent performance. Compared with ordinary fire extinguishing agents on the market, although the environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agents of the present invention are slightly inferior to ordinary conventional products, they fully meet the standards of GB15308. At the same time, the environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agents of the present invention will not damage the ecological environment and meet the requirements of a new generation of environmentally friendly fire extinguishing agents.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that: The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following ingredients in weight percentage: 1%-5% of metal salt, 1%-5% of high nitrogen and phosphorus compound, 0.1%-3% of surfactant, 0.01%-0.1% of foam stabilizer and the balance of fireproof wood powder fermentation liquid, wherein the fireproof wood powder fermentation liquid is obtained by adding 2%-5% lime water (which is 2%-5 times the weight of the fireproof wood) to the fireproof wood powder and immersing and fermenting it for more than 48 hours.

2. The environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal salt is one or more of potassium chloride, sodium chloride and ammonium chloride; the high nitrogen and phosphorus compound is one or more of ammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate.

3. The environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is one or more of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, cocamidopropyl betaine, and sodium polyoxyethyl fatty alcohol sulfate.

4. The environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam stabilizer is one or more of xanthan gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

5. The environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fireproof wood powder includes fireproof wood powder obtained by crushing Schima superba, Coral Tree and Castanopsis eyrei.

6. The environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: Preservatives, thickeners, antifreeze agents and drag reducers can also be added to the environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

7. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, crush the fireproof wood into 2-4 mm particles, add 2%~5% lime water which is 2-5 times the weight of the fireproof wood, soak and ferment for more than 48 hours to obtain fermentation liquid; S2, adding 1%-5% metal salt and 1%-5% high nitrogen and phosphorus compound to the fermentation liquid obtained in S1, heating to 100-110°C, stirring for 1-3 hours for chelation, and then adjusting the pH to 7.0-7.9 with hydrochloric acid to obtain a chelated liquid; S3. Filter the chelated liquid obtained in S2, collect the filtrate, then add 0.1-3% surfactant to the filtrate and mix well, then perform high-pressure nano-processing, and then add a foam stabilizer to obtain an environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent.

8. The use of the environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent prepared by the preparation method of the environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The environmentally friendly plant-based fire extinguishing agent is used in fire-fighting equipment, and the fire-fighting equipment includes but is not limited to water-lift fire extinguishers, foam guns, fire trucks and large-scale fire-fighting equipment.

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