Device and method for testing crystallization influence of waterproof and drainage plate on tunnel waterproof and drainage system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel waterproof and drainage crystallization, and discloses a test device for the crystallization influence of a waterproof and drainage plate on a tunnel waterproof and drainage system. The test device for the crystallization influence of the waterproof and drainage plate on the tunnel waterproof and drainage system comprises a high-ground-temperature tunnel waterproof and drainage system crystallization model, a pushing system and a waterproof and drainage plate mounting system. The pushing system is located at the rear end of the crystallization model of the waterproof and drainage system of the high-ground-temperature tunnel; the crystallization model of the waterproof and drainage system of the high-ground-temperature tunnel comprises a primary support model and a secondary lining model located in the primary support model, a bottom sliding rail is arranged between the secondary lining model and the primary support model, and a bottom strip-shaped electromagnetic block is fixed to the bottom sliding rail; a top sliding rail and a top strip-shaped electromagnetic block fixed to the top sliding rail are fixed between the secondary lining model and the primary support model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel drainage crystallization, and specifically relates to a test device and method for the influence of drainage boards on the crystallization of tunnel drainage systems. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, more and more tunnels around the world have experienced crystallization blockage in drainage systems, such as the Austrian Tunnel, the French Tunnel, the Gaotian Tunnel in Guizhou, the Zhongliangshan Tunnel in Chongqing, the Yinxi Railway Tunnel in Shaanxi, and the Jinshan Tunnel in Gansu. Bicarbonate water and karst water are the two types of water that have the greatest impact on crystallization blockage in tunnel drainage systems. In fact, during tunnel construction, many corrosive media may also be encountered, such as sulfide-type, sulfate-type, chloride-type, etc., which may generate other types of blockages. In addition, when groundwater infiltrates through the initial support shotcrete, the calcium hydroxide and calcium aluminate in the concrete react with CO2 in the air and groundwater to generate crystallization ions. When groundwater rich in crystallization ions passes through the drainage system, the crystallization ions combine with each other to form crystals and deposit and adhere to the inner wall of the blind pipe. As time goes by, the crystals inside the blind pipe gradually accumulate and even block, causing the tunnel drainage system to fail, resulting in an increase in water pressure on the outside of the lining, and the lining structure is at risk of cracking. For tunnel drainage systems that use drainage boards, the differences in the shape, spacing, and distribution position of the bosses on the drainage boards will lead to changes in the amount of crystals deposited and attached to the drainage boards, as well as the characteristics of the crystallization distribution. How to simulate different forms of drainage board bosses, explore the influence of the shape, spacing, and distribution position of the drainage board bosses on the amount of crystals attached to the drainage boards and the characteristics of the crystallization distribution, and determine the optimal drainage board design scheme are key issues that need to be urgently addressed in the current crystallization treatment of high geothermal hot water tunnels. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and method for the influence of drainage boards on the crystallization of tunnel drainage systems, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem raised in the above background technology of exploring the influence of the shape, spacing and distribution position of the drainage board bosses on the amount of crystals attached to the drainage board and the crystal distribution characteristics, the present invention provides a test device and method for the influence of the drainage board on the crystallization of the tunnel drainage system.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a test device for the effect of drainage board on the crystallization of tunnel drainage system comprises a high ground temperature tunnel drainage system crystallization model, a jacking system, and a drainage board installation system, wherein the jacking system is located at the rear end of the high ground temperature tunnel drainage system crystallization model;

[0005] The high geothermal tunnel drainage system crystallization model includes an initial support model and a secondary lining model located in the initial support model, a bottom slide rail is provided between the secondary lining model and the initial support model, and a bottom strip electromagnetic block is fixed on the bottom slide rail;

[0006] A top slide rail and a top strip-shaped electromagnetic block fixed on the top slide rail are fixed between the secondary lining model and the initial support model.

[0007] Preferably, the crystallization model of the high geothermal tunnel drainage system also includes a support base fixed at the bottom of the secondary lining model and the initial support model, a drainage ditch is opened on the support base, a hot water tank is arranged on the front side of the secondary lining model and the initial support model, a water pipe connected to the interior of the hot water tank is fixed on the hot water tank, a water pump is provided at one end of the water pipe and the other end passes through the initial support model.

[0008] Preferably, the pushing system includes a pushing module and a driving device, an arc-shaped electromagnetic block is fixed on the top of the arc-shaped slider, and the bottom of the arc-shaped slider is close to the support plate. The driving device includes four connecting columns fixed on the support plate and symmetrically distributed in pairs, and a supporting platform is commonly installed at the free ends of the four connecting columns. Two gears driven by an external motor are rotatably connected to the supporting platform, and a rack meshing with the two gears is arranged between the two gears, and a second electromagnetic block is fixedly installed at one end of the rack.

[0009] Preferably, the drainage board installation system includes two conveyor belts located outside the initial support model, at least two drainage board models are arranged on the conveyor belts, a winch and a rope adapted to the winch are fixedly installed on the conveyor belts, a first electromagnetic block is fixed at the free end of the rope, and the first electromagnetic block is adsorbed on the drainage board model.

[0010] Preferably, a processing device for removing crystals on the surface of the drainage board model is provided on the outside of the initial support model, and the processing device includes two vertical poles located on the outside of the initial support model and symmetrically distributed, and the upper ends of the two vertical poles are commonly fixed with a same bending bracket, and both ends of the bending bracket are telescopically connected with L-shaped plates, and the free ends of the two L-shaped plates are fixedly installed with arc plates.

[0011] Preferably, a cross bar is provided in the bending bracket, and movable rods are telescopically inserted at both ends of the cross bar, and the ends of the two movable rods away from the cross bar are rotatably connected to two first rod bodies symmetrically distributed front and back, and two second rod bodies symmetrically distributed front and back, and two ends of the arc plate are fixedly connected to two spring rods symmetrically distributed front and back, and the same limit plate is fixed between two adjacent spring rods 1 front and back.

[0012] Preferably, the processing device also includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the bending bracket, a threaded groove and a vertical groove are provided on the surface of the rotating rod, two ends of the vertical groove are connected to the two ends of the threaded groove, a circular hole is provided on the surface of the cross bar for the rotating rod to pass through, a limiting column slidingly adapted to the threaded groove and the vertical groove is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circular hole, and a spring rod 2 is fixedly connected between the cross bar and the bending bracket.

[0013] Preferably, the processing device also includes a cam rotatably connected to the bending bracket and driven by an external motor, a spring rod three is fixedly connected to the surface of the bending bracket, an end of the spring rod three away from the bending bracket is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is against the edge of the cam, and the other end is fixedly connected to a rectangular frame, cleaning plates are attached to the surfaces of the two arc plates, a cleaning sponge is fixed to the side of the cleaning plate away from the arc plate, a linkage rod is fixed to the side of the cleaning plate away from the cleaning sponge, a movable groove for the linkage rod to slide is opened on the surface of the arc plate, and the linkage rod extends into the rectangular frame and is slidably connected to the rectangular frame.

[0014] Preferably, the processing device also includes a complete gear 1 rotatably connected to the bending bracket and fixed coaxially with the cam, the bending bracket is rotatably connected to a barrel-shaped shaft, the barrel-shaped shaft is sleeved with a complete gear 2 that meshes with the complete gear 1, a ratchet is rotatably connected inside the barrel-shaped shaft, a first spring is fixedly connected between the ratchet and the inner wall of the barrel-shaped shaft, and the bending bracket is rotatably connected to a ratchet wheel that is coaxially fixed to the rotating rod and meshes with the ratchet.

[0015] The method for using the test device for the influence of the drainage board on the crystallization of the tunnel drainage system comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Turn on the conveyor belt to drive the drainage board model to move toward the secondary lining model;

[0017] S2, the gear is driven by an external motor to rotate, so that the drainage board model moves to a predetermined position;

[0018] S3, repeat S1-S2 until all drainage board models are moved and fixed at the predetermined positions;

[0019] S4, turning on the temperature control heater of the hot water tank to control the water temperature to a predetermined test temperature, then adding crystallization ions into the hot water tank, turning on the water pump at the tail of the water pipe, and pumping the aqueous solution rich in crystallization ions through the initial support model to the drainage board model to simulate the crystallization process of the high geothermal hot water tunnel drainage system;

[0020] S5. When the test is finished, pull out the anti-drainage board model and rub off the crystals on the surface of the anti-drainage board model. The rubbed off crystals can be collected through an external storage frame for subsequent weighing.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The conveyor belt is turned on to drive the drainage board model to move toward the secondary lining model. The gear is driven by an external motor to rotate, driving the rack to move. At this time, the arc-shaped slider is pushed by the rack and constrained by the bottom slide rail and the top slide rail to move longitudinally along the direction of the secondary lining model to a predetermined position. At this time, the drainage board model magnetically attracted by the arc-shaped electromagnet module also moves to the predetermined position;

[0023] Turn on the temperature control heater of the hot water tank to control the water temperature to the predetermined test temperature, then add crystallization ions into the hot water tank, turn on the pump at the end of the water pipe, and pump the aqueous solution rich in crystallization ions through the initial support model to the drainage board model to simulate the crystallization process of the high geothermal hot water tunnel drainage system;

[0024] By setting up the processing device, the crystals on the surface of the anti-drainage board model can be cleaned after the anti-drainage board model completes the experimental work, so as to facilitate the subsequent observation of the weight of the crystals formed on different anti-drainage board models. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the location of the water pipe of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locations of the initial support model and the secondary lining model of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the location of the bottom slide rail of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the location of the top slide rail of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the location of the driving device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the location of the arc-shaped electromagnetic block of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the position of the bearing platform of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the location of the anti-drainage board model of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the position of the rope of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 The structure diagram of the processing device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0036] Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0037] Fig.13 For the present invention Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0038] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the location of the vertical slot of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the position of the limit column of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.16 The structure diagram of the processing device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0041] Fig.17 For the present invention Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0042] Fig.18 For the present invention Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at D in the middle;

[0043] Fig.19 This is a schematic structural diagram of the location of the second complete gear of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 20 For the present invention Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at E in the middle.

[0045] In the figure: 1. Crystallization model of high ground temperature tunnel drainage system; 111. Initial support model; 112. Secondary lining model; 113. Bottom slide rail; 114. Bottom strip electromagnetic block; 115. Top slide rail; 116. Top strip electromagnetic block; 12. Drainage ditch; 13. Hot water tank; 14. Water pipe; 15. Support base; 2. Push system; 21. Push module; 211. Support plate; 212. Arc slider; 213. Arc electromagnetic block;

[0046] 22, driving device; 221, bearing platform; 222, connecting column; 223, gear; 224, rack; 225, second electromagnetic block; 3, drainage board installation system; 31, conveyor belt; 33, drainage board model; 321, winch; 322, rope; 323, first electromagnetic block; 51, vertical pole; 52, bending bracket; 53, L-shaped plate; 54, curved plate; 55, cross bar; 56, movable rod; 57, first rod body; 58, second rod body; 5 9. Spring rod one; 510. Limit plate; 61. Rotating rod; 62. Threaded groove; 63. Vertical groove; 64. Spring rod two; 65. Round hole; 66. Limit column; 71. Cam; 72. Spring rod three; 73. Connecting rod; 74. Rectangular frame; 75. Cleaning plate; 76. Cleaning sponge; 77. Linking rod; 78. Movable groove; 81. Complete gear one; 82. Barrel shaft; 83. Complete gear two; 84. Ratchet; 85. First spring; 86. Ratchet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a test device for the influence of drainage board on the crystallization of tunnel drainage system, including a high geothermal tunnel drainage system crystallization model 1, a jacking system 2, and a drainage board installation system 3, wherein the jacking system 2 is located at the rear end of the high geothermal tunnel drainage system crystallization model 1.

[0049] The jacking system 2 is used to jack the different forms of drainage panels in the drainage panel installation system 3 into the crystallization model 1 of the high geothermal tunnel drainage system.

[0050] The high geothermal tunnel waterproofing and drainage system crystallization model 1 includes an initial support model 111 and a secondary lining model 112 located in the initial support model 111, a bottom slide rail 113 is provided between the secondary lining model 112 and the initial support model 111, and a bottom strip electromagnetic block 114 is fixed on the bottom slide rail 113;

[0051] A top slide rail 115 and a top strip electromagnetic block 116 fixed on the top slide rail 115 are fixed between the secondary lining model 112 and the initial support model 111;

[0052] A space is reserved between the initial support model 111 and the secondary lining model 112 for the subsequent installation of the anti-drainage board model 33, and the bottom slide rail 113 and the top slide rail 115 are used for the anti-drainage board model 33 to slide;

[0053] The bottom slide rail 113 and the top slide rail 115 are fixed to the bottom and the top of the secondary lining mold 112 respectively.

[0054] The high geothermal tunnel drainage system crystallization model 1 also includes a support base 15 fixed at the bottom of the secondary lining model 112 and the initial support model 111, and a drainage ditch 12 is opened on the support base 15. A hot water tank 13 is arranged on the front side of the secondary lining model 112 and the initial support model 111, and a water pipe 14 interconnected with the interior of the hot water tank 13 is fixed on the hot water tank 13. A water pump is provided at one end of the water pipe 14, and the other end passes through the initial support model 111.

[0055] The drainage ditch 12 is composed of a longitudinal drainage pipe, a transverse drainage pipe and a ditch.

[0056] The pushing system 2 includes a pushing module 21 and a driving device 22;

[0057] The push module 21 includes a support plate 211 and an arc-shaped slider 212. The top of the arc-shaped slider 212 is fixed with an arc-shaped electromagnetic block 213. The bottom of the arc-shaped slider 212 is close to the support plate 211 and can move longitudinally along the support plate 211.

[0058] The driving device 22 includes four connecting columns 222 fixed on the support plate 211 and symmetrically distributed in pairs, and a supporting platform 221 is commonly installed at the free ends of the four connecting columns 222. Two gears 223 driven by an external motor are rotatably connected to the supporting platform 221. A rack 224 meshing with the two gears 223 is arranged between the two gears 223, and a second electromagnetic block 225 is fixedly installed at one end of the rack 224.

[0059] The anti-drainage board installation system 3 includes two conveyor belts 31 located outside the initial support model 111, at least two anti-drainage board models 33 are arranged on the conveyor belts 31, a winch 321 and a rope 322 adapted to the winch 321 are fixedly installed on the conveyor belts 31, and a first electromagnetic block 323 is fixed at the free end of the rope 322, and the first electromagnetic block 323 is adsorbed on the anti-drainage board model 33;

[0060] The anti-drainage board model 33 is placed on the conveyor belt 31 by the rope 322 being pulled by the winch 321;

[0061] A thin iron sheet is fixed on the back of the anti-drainage board model 33, which can be magnetically attracted by the first electromagnetic block 323;

[0062] A processing device for removing crystals on the surface of the drainage board model 33 is arranged outside the initial support model 111 .

[0063] By setting up the processing device, the crystals on the surface of the anti-drainage board model 33 can be cleaned after the anti-drainage board model 33 completes the experimental work, so as to facilitate the subsequent observation of the weight of the crystals formed on different anti-drainage board models 33.

[0064] The processing device includes two vertical poles 51 located outside the initial support model 111 and symmetrically distributed. The upper ends of the two vertical poles 51 are commonly fixed with a same bending bracket 52. Both ends of the bending bracket 52 are telescopically connected with L-shaped plates 53, and the free ends of the two L-shaped plates 53 are fixedly installed with arc plates 54.

[0065] By adopting the above solution, the two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped plates 54 can move in the horizontal direction.

[0066] A cross bar 55 is provided in the bending bracket 52, and movable rods 56 are telescopically inserted at both ends of the cross bar 55. The ends of the two movable rods 56 away from the cross bar 55 are rotatably connected to two first rod bodies 57 symmetrically distributed front and back, and two second rod bodies 58 symmetrically distributed front and back.

[0067] By adopting the above solution, the two arc-shaped plates 54 can always maintain a symmetrical state and can only move in opposite directions or in opposite directions but cannot move in the same direction.

[0068] Two spring rods 59 symmetrically distributed front and back are fixedly connected to both ends of the arc plate 54, and a same limiting plate 510 is fixed between two adjacent spring rods 59 front and back.

[0069] During use, when the four limiting plates 510 are respectively pressed against the two anti-drainage board models 33 to fix the anti-drainage board models 33 on the left and right sides, the two arc-shaped plates 54 can still move a certain distance in the relative direction.

[0070] The processing device also includes a rotating rod 61 rotatably connected to the bending bracket 52, and a threaded groove 62 and a vertical groove 63 are provided on the surface of the rotating rod 61. The two ends of the vertical groove 63 are connected to the two ends of the threaded groove 62. A circular hole 65 for the rotating rod 61 to pass through is provided on the surface of the cross bar 55. A limiting column 66 that is slidably adapted to the threaded groove 62 and the vertical groove 63 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circular hole 65, and a spring rod 64 is fixedly connected between the cross bar 55 and the bending bracket 52.

[0071] By adopting the above solution, the cross bar 55 can be driven to move up and down by the rotation of the rotating rod 61, and the rotating rod 61 only needs to rotate in one direction.

[0072] The processing device also includes a cam 71 which is rotatably connected to the bending bracket 52 and driven by an external motor. A spring rod 3 72 is fixedly connected to the surface of the bending bracket 52. The end of the spring rod 3 72 away from the bending bracket 52 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 73. One end of the connecting rod 73 rests on the edge of the cam 71, and the other end is fixedly connected to a rectangular frame 74.

[0073] By adopting the above solution, the cam 71 can drive the rectangular frame 74 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction when rotating.

[0074] A cleaning plate 75 is attached to the surface of the two arc-shaped plates 54, a cleaning sponge 76 is fixed to the side of the cleaning plate 75 away from the arc-shaped plate 54, a linkage rod 77 is fixed to the side of the cleaning plate 75 away from the cleaning sponge 76, a movable groove 78 for the linkage rod 77 to slide is opened on the surface of the arc-shaped plate 54, and the linkage rod 77 extends into the rectangular frame 74 and is slidably connected to the rectangular frame 74.

[0075] By adopting the above solution, the linkage rods 77 , the cleaning plate 75 and the cleaning sponge 76 can move with the rectangular frame 74 without affecting the movement of the two linkage rods 77 following the movement of the arc plate 54 .

[0076] The processing device also includes a complete gear 81 rotatably connected to the bending bracket 52 and fixed coaxially with the cam 71, a barrel-shaped shaft 82 is rotatably connected to the bending bracket 52, a complete gear 83 meshing with the complete gear 81 is sleeved on the barrel-shaped shaft 82, a ratchet 84 is rotatably connected inside the barrel-shaped shaft 82, a first spring 85 is fixedly connected between the ratchet 84 and the inner wall of the barrel-shaped shaft 82, and a ratchet 86 is rotatably connected to the bending bracket 52, which is coaxially fixed to the rotating rod 61 and meshing with the ratchet 84.

[0077] The working principle and use process of the present invention:

[0078] Turn on the conveyor belt 31 to drive the drainage board model 33 to move toward the secondary lining model 112;

[0079] The arc-shaped electromagnet module 213 is turned on. At this time, the arc-shaped electromagnet module 213 has magnetism and can magnetically attract the drainage board model 33. The first electromagnet block 323 is turned off, and the rope 322 is retracted by the winch 321.

[0080] The gear 223 is driven by an external motor to rotate, driving the rack 224 to move. At this time, the arc-shaped slider 212 is pushed by the rack 224 and constrained by the bottom slide rail 113 and the top slide rail 115 to move longitudinally along the direction of the secondary lining model 112 to a predetermined position. At this time, the drainage board model 33 magnetically attracted by the arc-shaped electromagnet module 213 also moves to the predetermined position.

[0081] The bottom strip electromagnetic block 114 and the top strip electromagnetic block 116 at the predetermined position are turned on, and the drainage board model 33 is firmly magnetically attracted to the predetermined position. The arc-shaped electromagnetic module 213 is turned off, and the second electromagnetic block 225 is turned on. The arc-shaped slider 212 is moved to the initial position under the control of the driving device 22;

[0082] The temperature control heater of the hot water tank 13 is turned on to control the water temperature to a predetermined test temperature, and then crystallization ions are added into the hot water tank 13. The pump at the tail of the water pipe 14 is turned on to pump the aqueous solution rich in crystallization ions through the initial support model 111 to the drainage board model 33 to simulate the crystallization process of the high geothermal hot water tunnel drainage system;

[0083] When the test is finished, the drainage board model 33 is pulled out, and then the conveyor belts 31 on both sides of the initial support model 111 are evacuated, and the processing device is placed outside the initial support model 111;

[0084] The cam 71 and the full gear 1 81 are driven to rotate simultaneously by an external motor, and the full gear 1 81 can drive the full gear 2 83 meshing with it to rotate accordingly, and the barrel shaft 82 can drive the barrel shaft 82 to rotate accordingly, and the barrel shaft 82 can drive the ratchet 86 to rotate accordingly through the ratchet teeth 84, and the ratchet 86 can drive the rotating rod 61 coaxially fixed thereto to rotate accordingly;

[0085] Since the limiting column 66 is slidably connected in the threaded groove 62 on the surface of the rotating rod 61, the rotating rod 61 can drive the cross bar 55 to move downward, and the cross bar 55 can drive the movable rods 56 at both ends thereof to move downward accordingly. The movable rods 56 can drive the two L-shaped plates 53 to move in opposite directions through the first rod body 57 and the second rod body 58, so that the two arc plates 54 also move in opposite directions, so that the limiting plate 510 is against the surface of the anti-drainage board model 33, and the pulled out anti-drainage board model 33 is fixed;

[0086] Then drive the cam 71 and the full gear 1 81 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the full gear 1 81 can no longer drive the rotating rod 61 to rotate;

[0087] When the cam 71 rotates, it can push the connecting rod 73 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction. The connecting rod 73 can drive the rectangular frame 74 fixed at one end thereof to move accordingly. The rectangular frame 74 can push the linkage rod 77, the cleaning plate 75 and the cleaning sponge 76 to move accordingly, so that the cleaning sponge 76 is rubbed against the surface of the anti-drainage board model 33 to rub off the crystals on the surface of the anti-drainage board model 33. The rubbed off crystals can be collected through an external storage frame for subsequent weighing.

[0088] When the collection is completed, the cross bar 55 continues to be driven downward. When the cross bar 55 drives the limiting column 66 to move to the lower end of the threaded slot 62, the limiting column 66 will enter the vertical slot 63. At this time, the spring rod 2 64 pulls the cross bar 55 upward to restore it to its original position, and the two arc plates 54 move in opposite directions.

[0089] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0090] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A test device for the influence of drainage boards on the crystallization of tunnel drainage systems, comprising a high ground temperature tunnel drainage system crystallization model (1), a jacking system (2), and a drainage board installation system (3), wherein the jacking system (2) is located at the rear end of the high ground temperature tunnel drainage system crystallization model (1); The high ground temperature tunnel drainage system crystallization model (1) comprises an initial support model (111) and a secondary lining model (112) located in the initial support model (111), a bottom slide rail (113) is arranged between the secondary lining model (112) and the initial support model (111), and a bottom strip electromagnetic block (114) is fixed on the bottom slide rail (113); A top slide rail (115) and a top strip-shaped electromagnetic block (116) fixed on the top slide rail (115) are fixed between the secondary lining model (112) and the initial support model (111).

2. The test device for the effect of drainage board on crystallization of tunnel drainage system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The high ground temperature tunnel drainage system crystallization model (1) also includes a support base (15) fixed to the bottom of the secondary lining model (112) and the initial support model (111), the support base (15) is provided with a drainage ditch (12), the front side of the secondary lining model (112) and the initial support model (111) is provided with a hot water tank (13), the hot water tank (13) is fixed with a water pipe (14) interconnected with the inside thereof, one end of the water pipe (14) is provided with a water pump, and the other end passes through the initial support model (111).

3. The test device for the effect of drainage board on crystallization of tunnel drainage system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The pushing system (2) comprises a pushing module (21) and a driving device (22), wherein an arc-shaped electromagnetic block (213) is fixed on the top of the arc-shaped slider (212), and the bottom of the arc-shaped slider (212) is tightly attached to the support plate (211), and the driving device (22) comprises four connecting columns (222) fixed on the support plate (211) and symmetrically distributed in pairs, and a supporting platform (221) is commonly installed at the free ends of the four connecting columns (222), and two gears (223) driven by an external motor are rotatably connected to the supporting platform (221), and a rack (224) meshing with the two gears (223) is arranged between the two gears (223), and a second electromagnetic block (225) is fixedly installed at one end of the rack (224).

4. The test device for the effect of drainage board on crystallization of tunnel drainage system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The anti-drainage board installation system (3) comprises two conveyor belts (31) located outside the initial support model (111), at least two anti-drainage board models (33) are arranged on the conveyor belts (31), a winch (321) and a rope (322) adapted to the winch (321) are fixedly installed on the conveyor belt (31), a first electromagnetic block (323) is fixed at the free end of the rope (322), and the first electromagnetic block (323) is adsorbed on the anti-drainage board model (33).

5. The test device for the effect of drainage board on crystallization of tunnel drainage system according to claim 4 is characterized by: A processing device for removing crystals on the surface of the drainage board model (33) is arranged outside the initial support model (111), and the processing device comprises two vertical poles (51) located outside the initial support model (111) and symmetrically distributed, the upper ends of the two vertical poles (51) are commonly fixed with a same bending bracket (52), both ends of the bending bracket (52) are telescopically plugged with L-shaped plates (53), and the free ends of the two L-shaped plates (53) are fixedly mounted with arc plates (54).

6. The test device for the effect of drainage board on crystallization of tunnel drainage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cross bar (55) is arranged inside the bending bracket (52), and movable rods (56) are telescopically inserted at both ends of the cross bar (55), and the ends of the two movable rods (56) away from the cross bar (55) are rotatably connected to two first rod bodies (57) distributed symmetrically in the front and back, and two second rod bodies (58) distributed symmetrically in the front and back. Two spring rods (59) distributed symmetrically in the front and back are fixedly connected at both ends of the arc plate (54), and a same limiting plate (510) is fixed between two spring rods (59) adjacent to each other in the front and back.

7. The test device for the effect of drainage board on crystallization of tunnel drainage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The processing device also includes a rotating rod (61) rotatably connected to the bending bracket (52), the surface of the rotating rod (61) is provided with a threaded groove (62) and a vertical groove (63), the two ends of the vertical groove (63) are connected to the two ends of the threaded groove (62), the surface of the cross bar (55) is provided with a circular hole (65) for the rotating rod (61) to pass through, the inner wall of the circular hole (65) is fixedly connected with a limit column (66) slidably adapted to the threaded groove (62) and the vertical groove (63), and a spring rod 2 (64) is fixedly connected between the cross bar (55) and the bending bracket (52).

8. The test device for the effect of drainage board on crystallization of tunnel drainage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The processing device also includes a cam (71) which is rotatably connected to the bending bracket (52) and driven by an external motor. A spring rod three (72) is fixedly connected to the surface of the bending bracket (52). One end of the spring rod three (72) away from the bending bracket (52) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (73). One end of the connecting rod (73) abuts against the edge of the cam (71), and the other end is fixedly connected to a rectangular frame (74). Cleaning plates (75) are attached to the surfaces of the two arc plates (54). A cleaning sponge (76) is fixed to the side of the cleaning plate (75) away from the arc plate (54). A linkage rod (77) is fixed to the side of the cleaning plate (75) away from the cleaning sponge (76). A movable groove (78) for the linkage rod (77) to slide is provided on the surface of the arc plate (54). The linkage rod (77) extends into the rectangular frame (74) and is slidably connected to the rectangular frame (74).

9. The test device for the effect of drainage board on crystallization of tunnel drainage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The processing device also includes a complete gear 1 (81) rotatably connected to the bending bracket (52) and coaxially fixed with the cam (71); a barrel-shaped shaft (82) is rotatably connected to the bending bracket (52); a complete gear 2 (83) is sleeved on the barrel-shaped shaft (82) and meshes with the complete gear 1 (81); a ratchet (84) is rotatably connected inside the barrel-shaped shaft (82); a first spring (85) is fixedly connected between the ratchet (84) and the inner wall of the barrel-shaped shaft (82); and a ratchet (86) is rotatably connected to the bending bracket (52) and coaxially fixed with the rotating rod (61) and meshes with the ratchet (84).

10. A method for using the test device for the effect of drainage board on crystallization of tunnel drainage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, turning on the conveyor belt (31) to drive the drainage board model (33) to move toward the secondary lining model (112); S2, the gear (223) is driven by an external motor to rotate, so that the drainage board model (33) moves to a predetermined position; S3, repeating S1-S2 until all the drainage board models (33) are moved and fixed at the predetermined positions; S4, turning on the temperature control heater of the hot water tank (13), controlling the water temperature to a predetermined test temperature, then adding crystallization ions into the hot water tank (13), turning on the water pump at the tail of the water pipe (14), and pumping the aqueous solution rich in crystallization ions through the initial support model (111) to the drainage board model (33) to simulate the crystallization process of the high geothermal hot water tunnel drainage system; S5. When the test is finished, the anti-drainage board model (33) is pulled out, and the crystals on the surface of the anti-drainage board model (33) are rubbed off. The rubbed off crystals can be collected by an external storage frame for subsequent weighing.

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