Efficient codebook design method and device based on codebook space redundancy elimination

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient codebook design method and device based on codebook space redundancy elimination. The method mainly aims at the near-field codebook design of a double-layer 3D antenna. According to the near-field codebook design of the double-layer 3D antenna, due to introduction of a middle-layer interval of the double-layer antenna and increase of distance information in a near-field area, the scale of the codebook is sharply expanded. Therefore, according to the codebook design and the redundancy elimination theory and method of the codebook space, an expression of an effective codebook is deduced based on the characteristics of an actual physical channel, so that the efficient codebook design of a double-layer 3D antenna is realized. Compared with the existing codebook design scheme, the efficient codebook design method has the advantages that the generation of redundant code words is effectively reduced, so that the construction efficiency of the codebook is improved, and the system performance is optimized. Besides, the high-efficiency codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy elimination studies the influence of the interlayer spacing of the double-layer 3D antennas and the spacing of the adjacent antennas on the codebook efficiency under ideal conditions, and provides a theoretical basis for further optimization of codebook design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of codebook design, and includes an efficient codebook design method and device based on codebook space redundancy removal. Background Art

[0002] Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has attracted much attention due to its excellent spectrum efficiency and capacity improvement capabilities. By deploying multiple antennas at the transmitting and receiving ends, MIMO technology can fully utilize the spatial resources of the signal and significantly improve the performance of the wireless communication system. With the development of 5G and future communication technologies, MIMO technology will continue to be one of the key technologies for achieving high-speed wireless communication and improving network performance, promoting further development in the field of wireless communication.

[0003] On the one hand, facing the surge in data transmission traffic, the limitation of spectrum resources and the exponential growth of user scale, improving the gain of antenna arrays is crucial to meet the ever-expanding communication needs. Although in theory the performance of two-dimensional (2D) antenna arrays can be further improved by increasing the array aperture area, in practical applications, factors such as the physical size of the base station and hardware cost limit the further growth of the gain of 2D antenna arrays. Therefore, it is particularly important to break through the freedom limit of traditional 2D antenna arrays and fully tap the available resources, and using three-dimensional (3D) antenna arrays to achieve better communication performance is a feasible technical approach. By introducing the vertical dimension, 3D antenna arrays can provide additional spatial degrees of freedom, thereby breaking through the gain limitation of 2D planar arrays and achieving improved system performance without increasing the planar aperture area. Therefore, the research on 3D antenna arrays is of great significance to meet the high demands of future communication systems.

[0004] On the other hand, as an important part of MIMO technology, codebook design has outstanding advantages in optimizing signal transmission, improving spectrum efficiency and reducing interference between users. Due to the application of ultra-large-scale antenna arrays and the expansion to higher frequency bands, the near-field communication range has increased significantly, and the codebook design in the near-field area will gradually become a focus of research. However, the additional distance information in the near-field area and the introduction of inter-layer spacing in 3D antenna arrays make the codebook design more complicated. Due to the spherical wave characteristics in the near-field area, the codebook design not only needs to consider the quality of the quantized codebook, but also needs to adapt to the complex propagation environment described by the spherical wavefront model. At this time, distance becomes a key parameter. Therefore, additional dimensions need to be introduced in the codebook design to encode distance information, which inevitably leads to an exponential increase in the size of the codebook.

[0005] In summary, reducing the complexity of the codebook, achieving efficient codebook design, and removing the redundancy of the codebook space have become issues that need to be urgently addressed. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the above problems, in order to reduce the codebook size, reduce unnecessary redundancy in the codebook space, and improve the efficiency of codebook construction, the present invention proposes an efficient codebook design method and device based on codebook space redundancy removal.

[0007] In a first aspect, an efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal is provided, comprising:

[0008] S1. Establish a double-layer 3D antenna near-field communication channel model, perform Taylor expansion on the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas, obtain an approximate formula for the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and bring it into the double-layer 3D antenna near-field codebook;

[0009] S2, calculating the components of the wave number in the vertical and horizontal directions by the phase delay between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the near-field channel, and obtaining the relationship between the two components;

[0010] S3. According to the connection between the 3D near-field codebook and the near-field channel, the wavenumber components are brought in to obtain the relationship between the codeword and the wavenumber components, and the codewords that simultaneously satisfy the relationship between the codeword and the wavenumber components and the relationship between the wavenumber and the wavenumber components are taken as valid codewords, and redundant codewords are removed to generate a de-redundant codebook.

[0011] Furthermore, the double-layer 3D antenna near-field communication channel model specifically includes:

[0012] The double-layer 3D antenna consists of two layers of UPA, each layer of UPA contains N 1 ×N 2 Antenna array elements; N 1 N is the total number of antennas arranged vertically in the antenna array. 2 is the total number of antennas arranged in the horizontal direction of the antenna array; compared with the antennas in the first layer, the second layer of antennas is offset by half the antenna spacing in the vertical direction and half the antenna spacing in the horizontal direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the double-layer 3D antenna near-field codebook specifically includes: the form of the codebook is related to the relative distance Δr, that is, e -jk(Δr) ,by Indicates the first (n 1 ,n 2 , the distance from the first antenna to the lth receiving antenna, r i represents the distance between the reference antenna and the lth receiving antenna, then the double-layer UPA near-field codebook is expressed as:

[0014]

[0015] where d 1 is the distance between adjacent antenna elements in the vertical direction, d 2is the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the horizontal direction; p is a variable indicating which layer of the antenna array the element belongs to, if p=0, the antenna element is located in the first layer, and if p=1, the antenna element is located in the second layer; h is the inter-layer spacing between the two layers of antennas.

[0016] Furthermore, the Taylor expansion of the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas is specifically as follows: according to the spherical wave characteristics of the near field, the Taylor expansion of the distance is approximately: Then the index of the antenna on the p+1th layer is (n 1 ,n 2 ) to the receiving antenna Approximately:

[0017]

[0018] θ l represents the angle between the distance vector from the reference antenna to the receiving antenna and the horizontal plane, φ l It represents the angle between the distance vector from the reference antenna to the receiving antenna and the vertical reference axis. The range of the two angles is

[0019] Furthermore, the phase delay between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the near-field channel in S2 is specifically:

[0020] Therefore, the phase delay φ between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is expressed as:

[0021] φ(x,y,z)=kr(x,y,z)

[0022] in is the wave number; r(x,y,z) is the receiving antenna at The relative distance between the transmitting antenna and the transmitting antenna when they are located at (x, y, z);

[0023]

[0024] θ is the angle between the distance vector from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna and the horizontal plane, is the angle between the projection of the distance vector on the horizontal plane and the vertical reference axis, θ, The value range of

[0025] Furthermore, the components of the wavenumber in the vertical and horizontal directions calculated in S2 are specifically:

[0026] By using the phase delay formula, we can differentiate the wave number k with respect to the variables x and y to obtain its component k in the x and y directions. x ,k y for:

[0027]

[0028] So we can get the two components to satisfy relationship.

[0029] Furthermore, the relationship between the codeword and the wavenumber component is specifically:

[0030]

[0031] Furthermore, the effective codeword is specifically: the relationship between the codeword and the wavenumber component is substituted into the relationship between the wavenumber component and the wavenumber, and the expression of the effective codeword is obtained as follows:

[0032]

[0033] On the other hand, the present invention provides an efficient codebook design system based on codebook space redundancy removal, characterized in that the system comprises: a codeword angle distance acquisition unit, a redundancy condition judgment unit, a feedback unit and a codeword construction unit;

[0034] The codeword angle distance acquisition unit is used to: obtain the distance and angle between the transmitting and receiving antennas in the double-layer 3D antenna near-field communication channel model; calculate the components of the wave number in the vertical and horizontal directions through the phase delay between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the near-field channel, and obtain the relationship between the two components;

[0035] The redundant condition judgment unit is used to: bring in the wave number component according to the connection between the 3D near-field codebook and the near-field channel, obtain the relationship between the codeword and the wave number component, and judge the codeword that satisfies the relationship between the codeword and the wave number component and the relationship between the wave number and the wave number component as a valid codeword;

[0036] The feedback unit is used to feed back the redundant result to the codeword construction unit, and the codeword construction unit removes the redundant codewords to generate a de-redundant codebook.

[0037] On the other hand, the present invention provides an efficient codebook design device based on codebook space de-redundancy, comprising a memory and one or more processing units, wherein the memory stores executable code, and when the one or more processing units execute the executable code, they are used to implement the steps of an efficient codebook design method based on codebook space de-redundancy.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] By establishing a near-field communication channel model, the present invention studies the near-field channel characteristics. By analyzing the correspondence between the codebook of the double-layer 3D antenna and the channel model, the actual valid codeword is derived. Based on this conclusion, we can judge the validity of the codeword before constructing it, and will not generate the codeword that does not meet the conclusion. This judgment mechanism effectively reduces the spatial complexity of the codebook and the time complexity of the generation, thereby improving the efficiency of codeword construction.

[0040] By using this optimized codeword generation strategy, we can improve the speed of constructing codewords while ensuring the quality of codewords. In practical applications, this means that antenna systems can be deployed faster while ensuring communication performance. In addition, the de-redundancy of the codebook space also means that existing resources can be used more efficiently in limited resource systems. In this way, the present invention provides a more efficient codeword design method for the field of near-field communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a 3D antenna near-field communication scene diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a 3D antenna diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the beam obtained from the original codebook provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of beam generation by removing redundant codewords provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the change of the proportion of redundant code words with the layer spacing h of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of an efficient codebook design system based on codebook space redundancy removal of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of an efficient codebook design device based on codebook space redundancy removal of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] The present invention describes an example of an efficient codebook design method based on codebook space de-redundancy. The disclosed efficient codebook design method based on codebook space de-redundancy is applied to the near-field codebook design scenario of a double-layer 3D antenna. The near-field codebook design of the double-layer 3D antenna is based on a beam steering codebook, which is obtained according to the antenna array response and is adapted to the constructed double-layer 3D antenna structure.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, the design of a double-layer 3D antenna array includes: the array includes two layers of UPA models with multiple radiation units.

[0051] In any of the above aspects / embodiments, the multiple radiation units are evenly arranged on the same layer of antennas.

[0052] In any of the above aspects / embodiments, the plurality of radiating elements have a half antenna spacing (d 1 / 2) offset, and there is also half the antenna spacing (d 2 / 2) offset.

[0053] The efficient codebook design method based on codebook space de-redundancy includes modeling of near-field communication channels and derivation of codebook representations. The 3D antenna near-field codebook is obtained by deriving an array response vector based on the form of a beam steering codebook. The array response vector is determined by the relative displacement of antenna elements in the array. The relative displacement is determined by the difference between the distance vector from any antenna element to the receiving antenna and the distance vector from the reference antenna to the receiving antenna.

[0054] In the communication environment of the embodiment of the present invention,

[0055] In any of the above aspects / embodiments, the efficient codebook design and codebook space redundancy removal algorithm can be applicable to communication scenarios where only line of sight (LOS) channels exist in space.

[0056] In any of the above aspects / embodiments, the efficient codebook design and codebook space redundancy removal algorithm can be applicable to communication scenarios where line-of-sight (LOS) channels and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) channels exist simultaneously in space.

[0057] In any of the above aspects / embodiments, the efficient codebook design and codebook space redundancy removal algorithm can be applicable to a scenario where there are multiple users located at different angles in space.

[0058] In any of the above aspects / embodiments, the efficient codebook design and codebook space redundancy removal algorithm can be applicable to a scenario where there are multiple users located at different distances in space.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the base station is equipped with a double-layer 3D antenna array for sending and receiving tasks in wireless communication. The double-layer 3D antenna array is composed of two layers of UPA antenna models. The base station uses the efficient codebook design method proposed in the present invention to reduce codebook redundancy and improve codebook generation efficiency, thereby effectively utilizing wireless resources and significantly improving communication quality.

[0060] Specifically, the specific implementation steps of the present invention are:

[0061] S1. Double-layer 3D antenna array modeling: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention studies the codebook design redundancy of the double-layer 3D antenna in the near field range. The double-layer 3D antenna is composed of two layers of UPA, each layer of UPA contains N 1 ×N 2 Antenna array elements. 1 is the vertical direction of the antenna array ( Figure 1 The total number of antennas arranged on the y-axis, N 2 is the horizontal direction of the antenna array ( Figure 1 The second layer of antennas is offset vertically by half the antenna spacing (d 1 / 2), and also shifted in the horizontal direction by half the antenna spacing (d 2 / 2), this design is intended to ensure symmetry in the horizontal and vertical directions for subsequent research.

[0062] Taking the center antenna of the first layer antenna array as the reference antenna, the coordinates of each antenna array element in the illustrated model can be expressed as Where n 1 is the index of the antenna in the vertical direction, n 2 is the index of the antenna in the horizontal direction. If the index of the reference antenna is (0,0), then n 1 The value of n 2 The value of Different reference array element selection will result in n 1 ,n 2 The values ​​are different, but no matter how the reference array element is selected, its essence is the same. Here, for the sake of symmetry, we select the center antenna of the first layer of antenna array as the reference antenna. At this time, the total number of antennas in each layer is an odd number. 1 In the vertical direction ( Figure 1 The distance between adjacent antenna elements (y axis), d 2 In the horizontal direction ( Figure 1 The distance between adjacent antenna elements (in the x-axis). p is a variable indicating which layer of the antenna array the element belongs to. If p=0, the antenna element is located in the first layer, and if p=1, the antenna element is located in the second layer. h is the inter-layer distance between the two layers of antennas.

[0063] For near field communication, the form of the codebook should be related to the relative distance, that is, e -jk(Δr) , if Indicates the first (n 1 ,n 2,p) is the distance from the antenna to the lth receiving antenna, r l represents the distance between the reference antenna and the lth receiving antenna, then the double-layer UPA near-field codebook can be expressed as:

[0064]

[0065] according to Figure 1 The model shown, θ l Represents the distance vector from the reference antenna to the receiving antenna and the horizontal plane ( Figure 1 The angle between the xz plane and the l Represents the distance vector between the reference antenna and the receiving antenna and the vertical reference axis ( Figure 1 The angle between the z-axis and the middle z-axis, the value range of the two angles is Then the index of the antenna on the p+1th layer is (n 1 ,n 2 The distance between the antenna array element of the receiving antenna and the receiving antenna is:

[0066]

[0067] According to the spherical wave characteristics of the near field, the Taylor expansion of the distance is approximated as but The approximation is:

[0068]

[0069] Simply substitute this approximation into the codebook representation.

[0070] S2. Research on near-field channels: With the growing demand for data transmission, future communication technologies are tending to utilize higher frequency band resources, providing new possibilities for improving system performance. In addition, the deployment of ultra-large-scale antenna arrays significantly improves the system's spectrum efficiency and coverage by increasing the number of antennas. Based on the application of high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the increase in the size of antenna arrays, the range of near-field communication has been significantly expanded, making research on near-field communication gradually become the focus of academic and industrial attention.

[0071] S2.1. Near-field channel modeling: The near-field communication channel model can be expressed as:

[0072]

[0073] in, is located at the nth 1 row, nth 2 The antennas of the columns and pth layers are connected to the receiving antennas. Direction, lossless line of sight (LOS) channel expression at distance r; j is the symbol of an imaginary number; d1 is the vertical spacing between adjacent elements of the same layer of antenna array, d 2 is the horizontal spacing between adjacent elements of the same layer of antenna array, h is the interlayer spacing between antennas of different layers; k x ,k y are the components of wave number k along the x and y directions.

[0074] S2.2. Study on near-field channel characteristics: In near-field communication, the propagation of electromagnetic waves is no longer simplified as plane waves. The distance information cannot be ignored. The propagation characteristics of spherical waves play a dominant role, so the phase delay is related to the distance. Assume that the receiving antenna is located at The transmitting antenna is located at (x, y, z), so the relative distance between the two is:

[0075]

[0076] Where θ is the distance vector from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna and the horizontal plane ( Figure 1 The angle between the xz plane and the is the projection of the distance vector on the horizontal plane and the vertical reference axis ( Figure 1 The angle between the z-axis and the The value range of Therefore, the phase delay φ between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can be expressed as:

[0077] φ(x,y,z)=kr(x,y,z)

[0078] in is the wave number. From this expression, we can obtain its component k in the x and y directions by taking the derivative of the wave number k with respect to the variables x and y respectively. x ,k y for:

[0079]

[0080] Obviously, these two components satisfy relationship.

[0081] S3. Redundancy removal in codebook space: In the near-field communication environment, the propagation of electromagnetic waves is no longer a plane wavefront in the far field, but a spherical wavefront, which requires that the codebook design must consider information in both angle and distance dimensions. Based on this, the distance information introduced by near-field communication requires an additional dimension to be introduced in the codebook design to characterize this parameter, which leads to a sharp expansion of the codebook size with the number of sampling distances. Therefore, reducing the complexity of the codebook, removing the redundancy of the codebook space, and achieving efficient codebook design have become an important challenge in current research.

[0082] S3.1. Relationship between 3D near-field codebook and near-field channel: In theory, each codeword is designed to characterize the spatial beam pattern of a specific LOS channel. This correspondence is crucial for achieving effective beamforming and channel coding. The specific correspondence between the 3D near-field codebook and the near-field channel is:

[0083]

[0084] Since both use e as the base, their equality can be transformed into the equality of the exponential part. Substituting into the specific expression of the codeword, we have:

[0085]

[0086] Put the left and right sides of the equation n 1 and n 2 The coefficients of are respectively corresponding, and the wave number component k is introduced x ,k y By simplifying the expression of x ,k y The relationship between:

[0087]

[0088] S3.2 Derivation of effective codewords: As shown in the study of the characteristics of near-field channels, the component k of the wave number in the x and y directions x and k y Satisfy the expression According to the k just obtained x , k y The corresponding relationship between the code word expression and the code word expression can be deduced as follows:

[0089]

[0090] Such conditional judgment is performed before constructing the codewords to filter out the codewords that do not satisfy the expression, thereby avoiding the generation of these so-called redundant codewords. Thus, we obtain an efficient codebook design method.

[0091] The functions and effects of the present invention are further illustrated by the following simulation experiments:

[0092] (1) Comparison between the original codebook and the efficient codebook

[0093] (1.1) Simulation conditions

[0094] The antenna array operates at a frequency of 300MHz, the number of antenna layers is 2, and the number of antenna elements in the horizontal and vertical directions is N respectively. 1 =N 2 =7, each layer of UPA consists of N1 N 2 =49 antenna elements. The spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the vertical direction is d 1 =0.5m, the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the horizontal direction is d 2 = 0.5m. The interlayer spacing between the two antenna arrays is h = 0.5m. In view of the fact that the near-field codebook can provide distance information, the simulation adopts the existing near-field codebook design conclusion. We may as well let the sampling spacing At this time, the beam performance provided by the near-field codebook is good, which is specifically manifested in that the interference between beams is controlled at a low level. The number of sampling distances at each angle num r =5.

[0095] (1.2) Simulation results

[0096] Figure 3 and Figure 4 A comparative analysis is plotted between the beam generated based on the original codebook and the beam obtained by the efficient codebook design method proposed in the present invention. The main lobe parts of the two beams remain consistent, indicating that the elimination of redundant codewords is only for the codewords that constitute part of the sidelobe, and does not have a negative impact on the key characteristics of the main lobe of the beam. At the same time, according to the effective codeword expression we derived, the expression presents a circular feature, indicating that our effective codeword distribution area also presents a similar circular area boundary in the angle domain, as shown in Figure 4 The simulation results shown in Figure 2 verify this theoretical inference. In addition, the integrated sidelobe ratio (ISLR) of the original beam is -10.317dB, while the ISLR of the beam designed with efficient codebook is improved to -10.336dB. This result shows that the proposed redundancy judgment mechanism not only ensures the beam quality, but also effectively reduces the redundant elements in the codebook. In this way, we achieve the goal of efficient codebook design.

[0097] (2) Redundant codeword ratio

[0098] (2.1) Simulation conditions

[0099] The antenna array operates at a frequency of 300MHz, the number of antenna layers is 2, and the number of antenna elements in the horizontal and vertical directions is N respectively. 1 =N 2 =7, each layer of UPA consists of N 1 N 2 =49 antenna elements. The spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the vertical direction is d 1 =0.5m, the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the horizontal direction is d 2 =0.5m. Sampling spacing The number of sampling distances at each angle numr = 5. The inter-layer spacing h between the two layers of antenna arrays varies from 0 to λ.

[0100] (2.2) Simulation results

[0101] Figure 5 The graph of the proportion of redundant codewords to the total codewords in the 3D near-field codebook design as the layer spacing h changes is plotted. It can be observed from the figure that when the layer spacing h increases from 0 to the wavelength λ, the proportion of redundant codewords shows an increasing trend. This phenomenon shows that as the layer spacing h increases, the codebook space that can be optimized by the double-layer 3D antenna also increases, and the efficiency that can be improved is correspondingly greater. This efficiency improvement stems from the increase in the vertical dimension freedom when the layer spacing increases, which in turn brings more optimization space to the codebook. More specifically, our effective codeword area is considered to be a circle-like area in the angle domain, and the effective codeword is equivalent to the sampling point in the effective area. As the layer spacing h increases, the sampling spacing in a certain dimension increases, so the number of sampling points in the effective area decreases, and the proportion of redundant codewords naturally increases. However, when the mutual coupling effect between antennas is considered, the performance gain brought about by the increase in the layer spacing h will be limited.

[0102] The above results show that the beam obtained by the efficient codebook design proposed in the present invention effectively reduces the number of codewords while maintaining key characteristics such as the main lobe of the beam, thereby reducing the complexity of the system. In addition, it improves the ISLR, which is also an important indicator for measuring beamforming performance. It should be pointed out that as the interlayer spacing h of the double-layer 3D antenna increases, the improvement effect of the codebook construction efficiency will become more significant.

[0103] The disclosed efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal can reduce the complexity of the system while ensuring the codebook performance in the communication system, and reduce the waste of resources caused by redundancy.

[0104] Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiment of an efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal, the present invention further provides an embodiment of an efficient codebook design system based on codebook space redundancy removal.

[0105] like Figure 6 As shown, the system includes: a codeword angle distance acquisition unit, a redundant condition judgment unit, a feedback unit and a codeword construction unit;

[0106] The codeword angle distance acquisition unit is used to: obtain the distance and angle between the transmitting and receiving antennas in the double-layer 3D antenna near-field communication channel model; calculate the components of the wave number in the vertical and horizontal directions through the phase delay between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the near-field channel, and obtain the relationship between the two components;

[0107] The redundant condition judgment unit is used to: bring in the wave number component according to the connection between the 3D near-field codebook and the near-field channel, obtain the relationship between the codeword and the wave number component, and judge the codeword that satisfies the relationship between the codeword and the wave number component and the relationship between the wave number and the wave number component as a valid codeword;

[0108] The feedback unit is used to feed back the redundant result to the codeword construction unit, and the codeword construction unit removes the redundant codewords to generate a de-redundant codebook.

[0109] After the codebook is generated, it is transmitted to the antenna through the port.

[0110] Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiment of an efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal, the present invention further provides an embodiment of an efficient codebook design device based on codebook space redundancy removal.

[0111] See also Figure 7 An embodiment of the present invention provides an efficient codebook design device based on codebook space de-redundancy, including a memory and one or more processors, wherein the memory stores executable code, and when the processor executes the executable code, it is used to implement an efficient codebook design method based on codebook space de-redundancy in the above embodiment.

[0112] An embodiment of an efficient codebook design device based on codebook space de-redundancy provided by the present invention can be applied to any device with data processing capabilities, and the device with data processing capabilities can be a device or apparatus such as a computer. The device embodiment can be implemented through software, or through hardware or a combination of software and hardware. Taking software implementation as an example, as a device in a logical sense, it is formed by the processor of any device with data processing capabilities in which it is located reading the corresponding computer program instructions in the non-volatile memory into the internal memory for execution. From a hardware perspective, if Figure 7 As shown, it is a hardware structure diagram of any device with data processing capability where an efficient codebook design device based on codebook space redundancy removal provided by the present invention is located, except Figure 7 In addition to the processor, memory, network interface, and non-volatile memory shown, any device with data processing capabilities in which the apparatus in the embodiments is located may also include other hardware, generally based on the actual functions of the device with data processing capabilities, which will not be described in detail.

[0113] The implementation process of the functions and effects of each unit in the above-mentioned device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above-mentioned method, and will not be repeated here.

[0114] For the device embodiment, since it basically corresponds to the method embodiment, the relevant parts can refer to the partial description of the method embodiment. The device embodiment described above is only schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative work.

[0115] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, an efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0116] The computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of any device with data processing capability described in any of the aforementioned embodiments, such as a hard disk or a memory. The computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of any device with data processing capability, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), an SD card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the device. Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of any device with data processing capability. The computer-readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by any device with data processing capability, and may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0117] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal is implemented.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the description and practicing the contents disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The description and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the claims.

[0119] It should be understood that the above general description and the detailed description below are only exemplary and explanatory and cannot limit the present application. The present application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the attached claims.

Claims

1. An efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal, characterized in that: include: S1. Establish a double-layer 3D antenna near-field communication channel model, perform Taylor expansion on the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas, obtain an approximate formula for the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and bring it into the double-layer 3D antenna near-field codebook; S2, calculating the components of the wave number in the vertical and horizontal directions by the phase delay between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the near-field channel, and obtaining the relationship between the two components; S3. According to the connection between the 3D near-field codebook and the near-field channel, the wavenumber components are brought in to obtain the relationship between the codeword and the wavenumber components, and the codewords that simultaneously satisfy the relationship between the codeword and the wavenumber components and the relationship between the wavenumber and the wavenumber components are taken as valid codewords, and redundant codewords are removed to generate a de-redundant codebook.

2. The efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-layer 3D antenna near-field communication channel model specifically includes: The double-layer 3D antenna consists of two layers of UPA, each layer of UPA contains N1×N2 antenna array elements; N1 is the total number of antennas arranged in the vertical direction of the antenna array, and N2 is the total number of antennas arranged in the horizontal direction of the antenna array; compared with the first layer of antennas, the second layer of antennas is offset by half the antenna spacing in the vertical direction and half the antenna spacing in the horizontal direction.

3. The efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The double-layer 3D antenna near-field codebook specifically includes: the form of the codebook is related to the relative distance Δr, that is, e -jk(Δr) ,by represents the distance from the (n1,n2,p)th antenna to the lth receiving antenna, r l represents the distance between the reference antenna and the lth receiving antenna, then the double-layer UPA near-field codebook is expressed as: Where d1 is the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the vertical direction, d2 is the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the horizontal direction; p is a variable indicating which layer of the antenna array the element belongs to, if p=0, the antenna element is located in the first layer, and if p=1, the antenna element is located in the second layer; h is the inter-layer spacing between the two layers of antennas.

4. The efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Taylor expansion of the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas is specifically as follows: Based on the spherical wave characteristics of the near field, the Taylor expansion of the distance is approximately: Then the antenna array element with index (n1, n2) located on the p+1th layer antenna to the receiving antenna Approximately: θ l represents the angle between the distance vector from the reference antenna to the receiving antenna and the horizontal plane, φ l It represents the angle between the distance vector from the reference antenna to the receiving antenna and the vertical reference axis. The range of the two angles is 5. The efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase delay between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the near-field channel in S2 is specifically: Therefore, the phase delay φ between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is expressed as: φ(x,y,z)=kr(x,y,z) in is the wave number; r(x,y,z) is the receiving antenna at The relative distance between the transmitting antenna and the transmitting antenna when they are located at (x, y, z); θ is the angle between the distance vector from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna and the horizontal plane, is the angle between the projection of the distance vector on the horizontal plane and the vertical reference axis, The value range of 6. The efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal according to claim 5, characterized in that: The components of the wave number calculated in S2 in the vertical and horizontal directions are specifically: By using the phase delay formula, we can differentiate the wave number k with respect to the variables x and y to obtain its component k in the x and y directions. x ,k y for: So we can get the two components to satisfy relationship.

7. The efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal according to claim 6, characterized in that: The relationship between the codeword and the wavenumber component is specifically:

8. The efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal according to claim 7, characterized in that: The effective codeword is specifically: Substituting the relationship between the codeword and the wavenumber component into the relationship between the wavenumber component and the wavenumber, the expression of the effective codeword is obtained as follows:

9. An efficient codebook design system based on codebook space redundancy removal for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The system comprises: a codeword angle distance acquisition unit, a redundant condition judgment unit, a feedback unit and a codeword construction unit; The codeword angle distance acquisition unit is used to: obtain the distance and angle between the transmitting and receiving antennas in the double-layer 3D antenna near-field communication channel model; calculate the components of the wave number in the vertical and horizontal directions through the phase delay between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the near-field channel, and obtain the relationship between the two components; The redundant condition judgment unit is used to: bring in the wave number component according to the connection between the 3D near-field codebook and the near-field channel, obtain the relationship between the codeword and the wave number component, and judge the codeword that satisfies the relationship between the codeword and the wave number component and the relationship between the wave number and the wave number component as a valid codeword; The feedback unit is used to feed back the redundant result to the codeword construction unit, and the codeword construction unit removes the redundant codewords to generate a de-redundant codebook.

10. An efficient codebook design device based on codebook space redundancy removal, comprising a memory and one or more processing units, wherein the memory stores executable code, characterized in that: When the one or more processing units execute the executable code, they are used to implement the steps of the efficient codebook design method based on codebook space redundancy removal as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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