Concentrate supplement for Simmental hybrid cattle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed, and discloses a concentrate supplement for Simmental hybrid cattle. According to the invention, the concentrate supplement is researched from the nutritional requirements of the Simmental hybrid cattle at the fattening stage. The concentrate supplement is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 580 to 620 parts of corn, 160 to 180 parts of guniting corn bran, 70 to 90 parts of cottonseed meal, 30 to 50 parts of wheat bran, 30 to 40 parts of soybean meal, 20 to 30 parts of premix, 10 to 20 parts of stone powder, 10 to 20 parts of salt, 8 to 12 parts of urea and 4 to 6 parts of baking soda. The concentrate supplement can improve the feed utilization rate of the Simmental hybrid cattle in the fattening stage, help to quickly gain weight and shorten the fattening time, can also reduce the morbidity of the cattle and save the cost, and has high application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed and relates to a concentrate supplement for Simmental crossbred cattle. Background Art

[0002] As a dual-purpose dairy and meat cattle breed, Simmental hybrid cattle have the advantages of being stout, muscular, low and uniform fat content, cold and heat resistance, tolerance to roughage, fast growth and development, and high meat production performance. They are excellent hybrid or improved breeds and are also the main fattening cattle breed. In recent years, the market demand for beef has continued to increase, and the beef cattle breeding and processing industry has developed rapidly.

[0003] In the process of fattening Simmental hybrid cattle, the choice of feed directly affects their growth performance and health. The appropriate protein level is the key to improving feed utilization efficiency. When the protein level of the feed is low, it is difficult to meet the nutritional needs of cattle. When the protein content of the feed is too high, the feces and urine will excrete excess nitrogen from the body, and the utilization rate of the feed will be reduced, which also increases the metabolic burden of the body. Since the traditional feeding method is mainly based on experience, there are phenomena such as unreasonable feed nutrient ratio, slow growth of cattle, and feed waste. Therefore, selecting a suitable raw material ratio structure and developing a scientific and reasonable fattening cattle concentrate supplement have become technical problems that need to be solved in the process of fattening Simmental hybrid cattle. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve feed utilization and increase the growth rate of fattening Simmental hybrid cattle, the present invention provides a concentrate supplement for Simmental hybrid cattle. The concentrate supplement can improve the feed utilization of Simmental hybrid cattle in the fattening stage, help rapid weight gain, shorten fattening time, and reduce the incidence of cattle and save costs. In order to achieve this technical purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

[0005] The invention provides a concentrate supplement for Simmental crossbred cattle. The concentrate supplement comprises the following components, by weight: 580-620 parts of corn, 160-180 parts of sprayed corn husks, 70-90 parts of cottonseed meal, 30-50 parts of wheat bran, 30-40 parts of soybean meal, 20-30 parts of premix, 10-20 parts of stone powder, 10-20 parts of salt, 8-12 parts of urea and 4-6 parts of baking soda. The concentrate supplement is used for Simmental crossbred cattle weighing ≥350kg.

[0006] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned concentrate supplement, the crude protein content of cottonseed meal is ≥ 60%.

[0007] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned concentrate supplement, the crude protein content of soybean meal is ≥43%.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above concentrate supplement, the components of the premix are: by mass percentage, 2.5% of trace element premix, 0.5% of vitamin premix, 16% of probiotic premix, 1% of antioxidant, and 80% of carrier.

[0009] Furthermore, the components of the trace element premix are: in terms of mass percentage, 23.7% of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 13.8% of zinc sulfate, 29.9% of manganese sulfate, 2.5% of basic cupric chloride, 15.8% of yeast selenium, 12.7% of calcium iodate, and 1.6% of cobalt chloride.

[0010] Furthermore, the components of the vitamin premix are: by mass percentage, vitamin A 13.2%, vitamin D 31.8%, vitamin E 52.9%, and niacinamide 32.1%.

[0011] Furthermore, the components of the microecological premix are: by mass percentage, 60% of Bacillus subtilis agent and 40% of Clostridium butyricum agent; the number of viable bacteria of the Bacillus subtilis agent is ≥1.0×10 11 CFU / g, the number of viable bacteria of Clostridium butyricum agent ≥1.0×10 11 CFU / g.

[0012] Furthermore, the antioxidant is santoquinol and the carrier is rice husk powder.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the concentrate supplement for Simmental crossbred cattle provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages.

[0014] The present invention prepares a concentrate supplement based on the nutritional needs of Simmental hybrid cattle in the fattening stage. After 120 days of testing, the total weight gain of the Simmental hybrid cattle in the test group was 14 kg higher than that of the control group, the daily weight gain was 0.12 kg higher than that of the control group, and the feed-to-meat ratio was reduced by 0.4, indicating that the concentrate supplement of the present invention improves feed utilization and can help Simmental hybrid cattle gain weight quickly in the fattening stage. In addition, the morbidity rate of cattle in the test group is also lower than that of the control group (reduced by 5%), which shows that the concentrate supplement is also helpful in improving the health of Simmental hybrid cattle. Finally, from the perspective of raw material cost, the concentrate supplement of the test group is 68 yuan / ton lower than that of the control group, and the cost is significantly reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Example 1

[0017] This example describes the preparation of the concentrate supplement.

[0018] Preparation of premix: 0.5 kg (2.5%) of trace element premix, 0.1 kg (0.5%) of vitamin premix, 3.2 kg (16%) of probiotic premix, 0.2 kg (1%) of antioxidant (santoquin), and 16 kg (80%) of rice husk powder carrier are mixed evenly using a mixer with high mixing uniformity and small coefficient of variation (<5%) to obtain 20 kg of premix.

[0019] The components of the trace element premix are: by mass percentage, 23.7% ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 13.8% zinc sulfate, 29.9% manganese sulfate, 2.5% basic cupric chloride, 15.8% yeast selenium, 12.7% calcium iodate, and 1.6% cobalt chloride. The components of the vitamin premix are: by mass percentage, 13.2% vitamin A, 31.8% vitamin D, 52.9% vitamin E, and 32.1% nicotinamide. The components of the microecological premix are: by mass percentage, 60% Bacillus subtilis agent and 40% Clostridium butyricum agent; the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis agent is ≥1.0×10 11 CFU / g, the number of viable bacteria of Clostridium butyricum agent ≥1.0×10 11 CFU / g.

[0020] Fully mix 580kg of corn, 160kg of sprayed corn husks, 70kg of cottonseed meal, 30kg of wheat bran, 30kg of soybean meal, 20kg of the above-prepared premix, 10kg of stone powder, 10kg of salt, 8kg of urea, and 4kg of baking soda to obtain a concentrate supplement.

[0021] Example 2

[0022] This example describes the preparation of the concentrate supplement.

[0023] Preparation of premix: 0.625 kg (2.5%) of trace element premix, 0.125 kg (0.5%) of vitamin premix, 4 kg (16%) of probiotic premix, 0.25 kg (1%) of antioxidant (santoquin), and 20 kg (80%) of rice husk powder carrier are mixed evenly using a mixer with high mixing uniformity and small coefficient of variation (<5%) to obtain 25 kg of premix.

[0024] The trace element premix, vitamin premix and microecological premix used are the same as those in Example 1.

[0025] Mix 605 kg of corn, 170 kg of corn gluten feed, 80 kg of cottonseed meal, 40 kg of wheat bran, 35 kg of soybean meal, 25 kg of the premix prepared above, 15 kg of stone powder, 15 kg of salt, 10 kg of urea, and 5 kg of baking soda thoroughly to obtain the concentrate supplement.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] This example describes the preparation of the concentrate supplement.

[0028] Prepare the premix: Mix 0.7 kg (2.5%) of trace element premix, 0.14 kg (0.5%) of vitamin premix, 4.48 kg (16%) of probiotic premix, 0.28 kg (1%) of antioxidant (santoquin), and 22.4 kg (80%) of rice hull powder carrier evenly with a mixer with high mixing uniformity and a small coefficient of variation (<5%) to obtain 28 kg of premix.

[0029] Among them, the trace element premix, vitamin premix, and probiotic premix used are the same as those in Example 1.

[0030] Mix 610 kg of corn, 175 kg of corn gluten feed, 85 kg of cottonseed meal, 45 kg of wheat bran, 38 kg of soybean meal, 28 kg of the premix prepared above, 18 kg of stone powder, 18 kg of salt, 11 kg of urea, and 5.5 kg of baking soda thoroughly to obtain the concentrate supplement.

[0031] Example 4

[0032] This example describes the preparation of the concentrate supplement.

[0033] Prepare the premix: Mix 0.75 kg (2.5%) of trace element premix, 0.15 kg (0.5%) of vitamin premix, 4.8 kg (16%) of probiotic premix, 0.3 kg (1%) of antioxidant (santoquin), and 24 kg (80%) of rice hull powder carrier evenly with a mixer with high mixing uniformity and a small coefficient of variation (<5%) to obtain 30 kg of premix.

[0034] Among them, the trace element premix, vitamin premix, and probiotic premix used are the same as those in Example 1.

[0035] Mix 620 kg of corn, 180 kg of corn gluten feed, 90 kg of cottonseed meal, 50 kg of wheat bran, 40 kg of soybean meal, 30 kg of the premix prepared above, 20 kg of stone powder, 20 kg of salt, 12 kg of urea, and 6 kg of baking soda thoroughly to obtain the concentrate supplement.

[0036] Comparative Example 1

[0037] This comparative example describes the preparation of a concentrate supplement, which differs from Example 2 in that it does not contain cottonseed meal and the amounts of other components are also different.

[0038] Preparation of premix: The preparation method of the premix is ​​the same as that of Example 2.

[0039] Fully mix 614 kg of corn, 103 kg of sprayed corn husks, 40 kg of wheat bran, 173 kg of soybean meal, 25 kg of the above-prepared premix, 15 kg of stone powder, 15 kg of salt, 10 kg of urea, and 5 kg of baking soda to obtain a concentrate supplement.

[0040] Example 5

[0041] This embodiment provides the feeding effect of the concentrate supplement.

[0042] 1. Experimental Design

[0043] 40 Simmental crossbred cattle with an average body weight of ≥350 kg were selected and randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a test group, each group had 20 cattle, the pre-feeding period was 7 days, and the formal test period was 120 days. The cattle in the test group and the control group were fed twice a day, wherein the test group was provided with 1.2% of the body weight of the concentrate supplement prepared by Example 2 (preferred embodiment) per head per day, and the control group was provided with 1.2% of the body weight of the concentrate supplement prepared by Comparative Example 1 per head per day. The concentrate supplement formulas of the test group and the control group are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1. Concentrate supplement formula of experimental group and control group

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] 2. Feeding and Management

[0048] The test was conducted from March 20, 2024 to July 18, 2024. The test was conducted in a Simmental hybrid cattle farm. The test cattle were kept in closed pens, and there were no obvious differences in the environment and feeding conditions between the pens. Both the experimental group and the control group were given sufficient wheat straw and free drinking water. Deworming, disinfection and immunization were carried out according to the routine procedures of the farm.

[0049] 3. Test indicators

[0050] The initial weight of the cattle in the experimental and control groups was recorded, and the feed intake and disease status of the cattle were accurately recorded every day during the experimental period. All cattle were weighed at the same time period at the end of the experiment. The data were sorted and analyzed using Excel, and the results were expressed as average values.

[0051] IV. Test Results

[0052] The statistical results of the indicators of the experimental group and the control group are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 2. Statistical Results of the Indicators of the Experimental Group and the Control Group

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] As can be seen from Table 1, after 120 days of the experiment, the total weight gain of the Simmental crossbred cattle in the experimental group was 14 kg higher than that in the control group, the daily weight gain was 0.12 kg higher than that in the control group, and the feed conversion ratio decreased by 0.4, indicating that the concentrate supplement described in the present invention improves the feed utilization rate and can help the Simmental crossbred cattle gain weight rapidly during the fattening stage. In addition, the incidence of diseases in the experimental group was also lower than that in the control group (decreased by 5%), showing that the concentrate supplement also has certain help in improving the health of the Simmental crossbred cattle. Finally, from the perspective of raw material cost, the concentrate supplement in the experimental group was 68 yuan / ton lower than that in the control group.

[0057] In summary, starting from the nutritional requirements of the Simmental crossbred cattle during the fattening stage, the present invention has developed a concentrate supplement suitable for Simmental crossbred cattle with a body weight of ≥350 kg (i.e., the fattening stage). The concentrate supplement can improve the feed utilization rate of Simmental crossbred cattle during the fattening stage, help gain weight rapidly, shorten the fattening time, reduce the incidence of diseases in cattle, and save costs, and has high application value.

[0058] The above embodiments can preferably illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but only describe the preferred implementation manners of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various changes and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the present invention.

Claims

1. A concentrate supplement for Simmental crossbred cattle, characterized in that: The components of the concentrate supplement are: by mass, 580-620 parts of corn, 160-180 parts of sprayed corn husks, 70-90 parts of cottonseed meal, 30-50 parts of wheat bran, 30-40 parts of soybean meal, 20-30 parts of premix, 10-20 parts of stone powder, 10-20 parts of salt, 8-12 parts of urea, and 4-6 parts of baking soda; The concentrate supplement is used for Simmental crossbred cattle weighing ≥350kg.

2. The concentrate supplement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crude protein content of cottonseed meal is ≥60%.

3. The concentrate supplement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crude protein content of soybean meal is ≥43%.

4. The concentrate supplement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the premix are: by mass percentage, 2.5% of trace element premix, 0.5% of vitamin premix, 16% of microecological premix, 1% of antioxidant and 80% of carrier.

5. The concentrate supplement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The components of the trace element premix are: by mass percentage, 23.7% of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 13.8% of zinc sulfate, 29.9% of manganese sulfate, 2.5% of basic cupric chloride, 15.8% of yeast selenium, 12.7% of calcium iodate, and 1.6% of cobalt chloride.

6. The concentrate supplement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The components of the vitamin premix are: by mass percentage, vitamin A 13.2%, vitamin D 31.8%, vitamin E 52.9%, and niacinamide 32.1%.

7. The concentrate supplement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The components of the microecological premix are: by mass percentage, 60% of Bacillus subtilis agent and 40% of Clostridium butyricum agent; the number of viable bacteria of the Bacillus subtilis agent is ≥1.0×10 11 CFU / g, the number of viable bacteria of Clostridium butyricum agent ≥1.0×10 11 CFU / g.

8. The concentrate supplement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The antioxidant is santoquinol, and the carrier is rice husk powder.

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