Production method of multifetal meat type sheep

Abstract

The invention discloses a production method of multi-fetal meat type sheep, which comprises the following steps: (1) taking Australian white sheep carrying homozygous polypeptide genes as a female parent and hornless Nanhima sheep as a male parent to obtain a hybrid A-F1 generation; (2) taking a small tailed han sheep carrying a homozygous polypeptide gene as a female parent and a pomace-free eurystoma sheep as a male parent to obtain a hybrid B-F1 generation; (3) hybridizing the excellent male parents of the homozygous A-F1 generation without horns and with the polyfetal genes with the excellent female parents of the B-F1 generation without horns and with the polyfetal genes, and hybridizing the excellent male parents of the homozygous B-F1 generation without horns and with the polyfetal genes with the excellent female parents of the A-F1 generation without horns and with the polyfetal genes to obtain an excellent F2 generation without horns and with the polyfetal genes; (4) carrying out cross crossing on the excellent male parents and female parents of the F2 generation to fix four generations; and (5) selecting a fast-growing saffokker ram to hybridize with the ewe group of the new variety in the step (4) to produce high-quality sheep suitable for fried, roasted and fried fat-lean alternated sheep meat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for producing multi-birth meat-type sheep that meet different market demands, and belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding. Background Art

[0002] Professional and technical research will be carried out in the areas of continuous production facility configuration, improved grass, improved livestock breeding, and disease prevention and control. The meat production rate, multiple birth rate, reproduction rate, and feed conversion rate of mutton sheep are expected to increase, which will help to continuously increase the industry's production capacity. The standardization, scale, and branding construction of the mutton industry, as well as industrial support policies, will promote the quality and efficiency of the industry. As the domestic demand for mutton in my country continues to grow, the total apparent consumption of mutton and per capita household consumption of mutton have maintained a steady upward trend. There are regional differences in mutton consumption preferences. Mutton consumption is mainly concentrated in Northwest and North China, and the sum of the two exceeds 50% of the national consumption.

[0003] However, at present, there is no production of high-quality meat sheep suitable for frying, roasting, and stir-frying with fat and lean and / or high-quality meat sheep suitable for hand-caught meat. For this reason, it is very important to study a method for rapidly breeding a multi-birth meat sheep that meets different market demands. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for producing multi-birth meat-type sheep, which can produce mutton of different qualities to meet different market demands.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep comprises the following steps: (1) Using Australian white sheep carrying the homozygous multiparous gene as the female parent and hornless Southern Hills sheep as the male parent, the hybrid F1 was obtained; Using Australian white sheep carrying the multi-birth gene as the female parent ensures that the hybrid offspring will carry the multi-birth gene; Using hornless Nanqiu sheep as the sire improves the daily weight gain and weaning weight of the A-F1 generation of breeding sheep, ensuring the growth and development performance of the offspring.

[0006] (2) Using small-tailed Han sheep carrying the homozygous multiparous gene as the female parent and hornless East Frisian sheep as the male parent, a hybrid B-F1 generation was obtained; Select East Friesian sheep as the B-F1 hybrid father to improve the lactation performance of B-F1 breeding ewes and ensure the survival rate of offspring lambs; Using the Small-Tailed Han Sheep, which carries the gene for multiple births, as the mother ensures that the hybrid offspring will carry the gene for multiple births.

[0007] (3) Cross the homozygous A-F1 excellent male parent with hornless and fecundity genes with the B-F1 excellent female parent with hornless and fecundity genes, and cross the homozygous B-F1 excellent male parent with hornless and fecundity genes with the A-F1 excellent female parent with hornless and fecundity genes to obtain excellent F2 generation with hornless and fecundity genes.

[0008] (4) Reciprocal cross and fix for four generations between the excellent F2 male parent with homozygous polled gene and fecundity gene and the excellent F2 female parent with polled gene and fecundity gene to obtain a new breed group of basic polled and fecundity meat sheep.

[0009] (5) According to market demand, select fast-growing Suffolk rams to cross with the female sheep group of the new breed of polled and fecundity meat sheep in step (4) to produce high-quality mutton with appropriate fat and lean ratio for frying, grilling and stir-frying.

[0010] (6) According to market demand, select fast-growing Dorper sheep rams to cross with the female sheep group of the new breed of polled and fecundity meat sheep in step (4) to produce high-quality lean mutton suitable for hand-grabbed mutton.

[0011] Preferably, the birth weight of the A-F1 female sheep in step (1) is above 2.1 kg, the weaning weight at three months is above 33 kg, and the adult female sheep weight is 95 - 115 kg. The female sheep has white wool, a straight back and waist, a medium build, is hornless (the horn genotype of the female parent is pp by molecular identification), has a long and narrow head, a slender neck, a long and narrow body, a slightly drooping abdomen, thin and tall limbs, thick belly wool, a strong constitution, and fecundity genes, to be used as the excellent A-F1 female parent in step (3).

[0012] Preferably, the birth weight of the B-F1 female sheep in step (2) is above 3.2 kg, the weaning weight at three months is above 24 kg, and the adult female sheep weight is 80 - 100 kg. The female sheep has white wool, a straight back and waist, a medium build, is hornless (the horn genotype of the female parent is pp by molecular identification), has a long and narrow head, a slender neck, a long and narrow body, an obvious drooping abdomen, thin and tall limbs, thick, sparse and short belly wool, a strong constitution, and fecundity genes, to be used as the excellent B-F1 female parent in step (3).

[0013] Preferably, in steps (3)-(5), the horn genotype of the male parent is pp and contains the homozygous FecB type, and the horn genotype of the female parent is pp and contains the homozygous FecB type.

[0014] Preferably, the female parents in steps (2) and (4) and the male and female parents in steps (5) and (6) should meet the requirements: the birth weight is greater than 3.5 kg and the weaning weight at three months is greater than 33 kg.

[0015] Preferably, the cross ratio of the male and female parents in steps (1)-(6) is 1:20 - 25.

[0016] Preferably, the feeding method selected in steps (1) to (6) is a pen-raising method, and the animals can move freely between the pens during the day. The ambient temperature in the pens is maintained at 5°C-25°C and the humidity is maintained at 30%-50% throughout the year.

[0017] Preferably, the forage used is: green hay at an average of 0.5 kg / head·d, silage at 4 kg / head·d, and complete concentrate powder at 0.5 kg / head·d.

[0018] The green hay comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of first-grade oat green hay and 30-40 parts of peanut seedlings.

[0019] The silage comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-75 parts of corn stalks and 25-30 parts of alfalfa.

[0020] It can be known from the above technical scheme that compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: solving the difficult problem of breeding a core group of sheep suitable for captive breeding of multiple births of meat-type sheep with high lactation, high meat production, twin lambs, fast growth, no horns, and stable genetic performance for non-milking sheep, and breeding offspring with high survival rate, multiple births, no horns, fast growth rate, and stable genetic traits. According to market consumption demand, Suffolk sheep are used as the terminal sire and hybridized with newly bred ewes suitable for captive breeding of multiple births of meat-type sheep to produce high-quality mutton with alternating fat and lean meat suitable for frying, roasting, and stir-frying; Dorper sheep are used as the terminal sire and hybridized with newly bred ewes suitable for captive breeding of multiple births of meat-type sheep to produce lean mutton suitable for hand-grabbing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a roadmap for the breeding production method of fat and lean meat sheep in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a roadmap for the breeding production method of lean meat sheep in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 (1)Select 1,000 multiparous Australian White sheep without horns, pure white in color, large in size, and carrying homozygous prolificacy genes as female parents, and 2,000 doses of frozen semen from Poll Dorset sheep without horns and pure white as male parents to obtain the hybrid A-F1 generation and select 1,200 live sheep; (2)Select 1,000 multiparous Small Tail Han sheep without horns, pure white in color, large in size, and carrying homozygous prolificacy genes as female parents, and 2,000 doses of frozen semen from Polled East Friesian sheep without horns and pure white as male parents to obtain the hybrid B-F1 generation and select 1,200 live sheep; (3)Use 500 excellent female A-F1 generation sheep with heterozygous or homozygous prolificacy genes, a birth weight of more than 2.1 kg, a weaning weight of more than 33 kg at three months of age, and an adult female weight of 95 - 115 kg to cross with excellent male B-F1 generation sheep or frozen semen of male sheep with homozygous prolificacy genes, and use 500 excellent male A-F1 generation sheep with homozygous prolificacy genes to cross with 500 excellent female B-F1 generation sheep with homozygous prolificacy genes to obtain an excellent F2 generation with prolificacy genes and select 600 live sheep; (4)Select 300 female sheep from the F2 generation that contain heterozygous or homozygous prolificacy genes, have a horn genotype of pp, are pure white, have a birth weight of more than 2.3 kg, a weaning weight of more than 33 kg at three months of age, and an adult female weight of 95 - 115 kg as female parents, and 600 doses of frozen semen from F2 generation male sheep or 12 - 15 male parents that are without horns, pure white, and have homozygous prolificacy genes for continuous inbreeding and fixation for 4 generations to obtain a core flock of sheep suitable for captive breeding and multi-fetal meat use; (5)Use Suffolk sheep as the terminal sire to cross with the newly selected female sheep suitable for captive breeding and multi-fetal meat use in step (4) to cultivate a new variety of multi-fetal meat use sheep. The mutton of this variety of sheep after feeding and breeding can be used for high-quality mutton with an appropriate fat-to-meat ratio for frying, roasting, and stir-frying. Suffolk sheep are famous in the world for their large size, fast early growth, plump muscles, well-developed hindquarters, good reproductive performance, high meat production, and strong adaptability. They are one of the excellent meat sheep breeds in the world. Using the characteristics of Suffolk sheep, such as early maturity, large size, and well-developed muscle, as the sire for crossing can improve the growth and development rate and meat production ability of the hybrid offspring lambs.

[0025] The feeding method is captive breeding. From late spring to late autumn, they can move freely between the pen and the shed during the day. From late autumn to late spring of the following year, the environmental temperature in the shed at night should not be lower than 5°C, and the humidity should be 30% - 50%.

[0026] The required forage and feed are as follows: average 0.5 kg of green hay per sheep per day, 4 kg of silage per sheep per day, and 0.5 kg of complete compound feed powder per sheep per day.

[0027] The green hay consists of the following components in parts by mass: 60 - 70 parts of first-class oat green hay and 30 - 40 parts of peanut vine.

[0028] Silage is composed of the following raw materials in proportions by weight: 70-75 parts of corn stalks and 25-30 parts of alfalfa.

[0029] The required concentrated feed was purchased from Henan Jiaozuo Hefeng Feed Co., Ltd., 0.5 kg / head / d.

[0030] The reproductive performance and lamb production performance of the core group of ewes suitable for frying, roasting and stir-frying are shown in Table 1.

[0031] Table 1 Performance of a high-quality sheep production method that meets the market demand for fat and lean sheep suitable for frying, roasting and stir-frying

[0032] Example 2 (1) Select 1,000 hornless, pure white, large-bodied Australian white sheep carrying the homozygous multiparous gene as female parents and 2,000 hornless, pure white Nanqiu sheep frozen semen as male parents to obtain hybrid A-F1 generation and select 1,200 live sheep; (2) Select 1,000 hornless, pure white, large-bodied, homozygous multiparous Small-tailed Han sheep as female parents and 2,000 hornless, pure white, hornless East Frisian sheep frozen semen as male parents, and obtain 1,200 selected live hybrid B-F1 sheep; (3) Crossbreed 500 excellent A-F1 generation ewes with a birth weight of more than 2.1 kg, a weaning weight of more than 33 kg at three months of age, and an adult weight of 95-115 kg with excellent B-F1 generation homozygous rams or ram frozen semen with the multiparity gene, and crossbreed 500 excellent A-F1 generation homozygous sires with the multiparity gene with excellent B-F1 generation dams with the multiparity gene, to obtain 600 live F2 generation sheep with the multiparity gene; (4) Select 300 ewes from the F2 generation that are heterozygous or homozygous for the multiparity gene, have a horn genotype of pp, are pure white, have a birth weight of more than 2.3 kg, a weaning weight of more than 33 kg at three months of age, and an adult weight of 95-115 kg as females, and 600 frozen semen copies or 12-15 males of the F2 generation that are hornless, pure white, and homozygous for the multiparity gene, and cross-breed them for four consecutive generations to obtain a core group of breeding sheep suitable for multiparity meat-producing sheep in captivity; (5)Use Dorper sheep as the terminal sire to cross with the newly selected ewes of the multi - fetal meat - type sheep suitable for pen - feeding, and a new variety of multi - fetal meat - type sheep is cultivated. Through feeding and breeding, high - quality mutton suitable for hand - held mutton and lean - meat type can be obtained. Dorper meat - type sheep originated in South Africa and was developed by crossing Poll Dorset sheep and Persian Black - headed sheep. It is a world - famous meat - type sheep breed. Dorper sheep has a high lean - meat rate, tender and juicy meat, light mutton smell, good taste, and is especially suitable for fat lamb production. It is internationally regarded as "diamond - class" mutton and has high economic value. The heredity of Dorper sheep is very stable. Whether it is pure - bred offspring or improved offspring, they all show excellent production performance and adaptability, especially the meat - production performance. The fat in the meat is evenly distributed, resulting in high - quality carcasses. The mutton carcasses produced with it as the sire are tender, juicy, fresh - colored, and have a high lean - meat rate.

[0033] The feeding method is pen - feeding. From late spring to late autumn, they can move freely between the pen and the shed during the day. From late autumn to the next late spring, the environmental temperature in the shed at night is not lower than 5°C, and the humidity is 30% - 50%.

[0034] The required forage and feed are as follows: the average amount of green hay is 0.5 kg / sheep·d, the silage is 4 kg / sheep·d, and the complete formulated concentrate powder is 0.5 kg / sheep·d.

[0035] The green hay consists of the following components in parts by mass: 60 - 70 parts of first - grade oat green hay and 30 - 40 parts of peanut vine.

[0036] The silage consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 70 - 75 parts of corn straw and 25 - 30 parts of alfalfa.

[0037] For the required concentrate, it is recommended to purchase the powder from Henan Jiaozuo Hefeng Feed Co., Ltd., 0.5 kg / sheep·d.

[0038] The reproductive performance of the ewes in the core flock of the meat - milk dual - purpose sheep suitable for hand - held mutton and the production performance of the female lambs are shown in Table 2.

[0039] Table 2 Production performance of a high - quality sheep that meets the market demand for hand - held mutton 。

Claims

1. A method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Using Australian white sheep carrying the homozygous polypeptide gene as the female parent and hornless Southern Hills sheep as the male parent, the hybrid A-F1 generation was obtained; (2) Using small-tailed Han sheep carrying the homozygous polypeptide gene as the female parent and hornless East Frisian sheep as the male parent, a hybrid B-F1 generation was obtained; (3) The excellent male parent of the A-F1 generation, which is homozygous for the hornless and fetus-producing gene, is hybridized with the excellent female parent of the B-F1 generation, which is homozygous for the hornless and fetus-producing gene, and the excellent male parent of the B-F1 generation, which is homozygous for the hornless and fetus-producing gene, is hybridized with the excellent female parent of the A-F1 generation, which is homozygous for the hornless and fetus-producing gene, to obtain the excellent F2 generation with the hornless and fetus-producing gene; (4) Cross-breeding an excellent F2 generation male parent with homozygous hornless gene and multiple birth gene with an excellent F2 generation female parent with hornless gene and multiple birth gene for four generations to obtain a new breed of basic hornless multiple birth meat sheep; (5) Select fast-growing Suffolk rams and crossbreed them with the hornless multi-birth meat sheep of the new breed of ewes in step (4) to produce high-quality sheep with alternating fat and lean meat suitable for frying, roasting and stir-frying.

2. The method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the selection of excellent A-F1 generation mothers meets the following conditions: the birth weight of A-F1 generation ewes is more than 2.1 kg, the weaning weight at three months of age is more than 33 kg, and the adult weight is 95-115 kg; the ewes have white fur, straight back and waist, medium physique, no horns, horn genotype is pp, narrow head, slender neck, narrow body, slightly drooping abdomen, thin and tall limbs, thick abdominal hair, strong physique, and multiparous genes.

3. The method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the selection of excellent B-F1 generation mothers meets the following conditions: the birth weight of B-F1 generation ewes is more than 3.2 kg, the weaning weight at three months of age is more than 24 kg, and the adult weight is between 80 and 100 kg; the ewes have white fur, straight back and waist, medium physique, no horns, horn genotype is pp, narrow head, slender neck, narrow body, more obvious sagging abdomen, thin and tall limbs, coarse, sparse and short abdominal hair, strong physique, and multiple birth genes.

4. The method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps (3)-(5), the genotype of the male parent is pp and contains the homozygous FecB, and the genotype of the female parent is pp or Pp and contains the heterozygous or homozygous FecB.

5. The method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maternal parent in step (2) and step (4) and the paternal parent and maternal parent in step (5) must meet the following requirements: the birth weight is greater than 3.2 kg and the weaning weight at three months of age is greater than 24 kg.

6. The method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hybridization ratio of the male parent to the female parent in the steps (1) to (5) is 1:20-25.

7. The method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps (1) to (5), the feeding method selected is the pen-raising method. The animals can move freely between the pens during the day, and the ambient temperature in the pens is maintained at 5°C-25°C and the humidity is maintained at 30%-50% throughout the year.

8. The method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feed for pen breeding is: an average of 0.5 kg of green hay per head per day, 4 kg of silage per head per day, and 0.5 kg of complete concentrate powder per head per day.

9. The method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep according to claim 8, characterized in that: The green hay comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of first-grade oat green hay and 30-40 parts of peanut seedlings.

10. The method for producing multiple-birth meat-type sheep according to claim 8, characterized in that: The silage comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-75 parts of corn stalks and 25-30 parts of alfalfa.

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