Charging and discharging control device and method for flow battery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and discloses a charge-discharge control device and method for a flow battery, and the device comprises a circulation mechanism which is used for storing and transporting positive and negative electrolyte, and is also used for realizing ion transfer by using a diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane, so as to realize charge-discharge operation; the flow slowing mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the circulating mechanism and is used for adjusting the flow velocity and the flow of the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte when being continuously extruded, so that the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery is adjusted; and the adjusting mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the flow slowing mechanism and is used for automatically controlling the extrusion degree of the flow slowing mechanism so as to automatically adjust or stop the flow velocity and flow of the positive and negative electrolyte. According to the invention, through precise flow rate regulation and control, intelligent charging and discharging management and multi-level fault monitoring, battery charging and discharging efficiency improvement, energy optimization management and safe and stable operation and remote intelligent operation and maintenance of the system are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and specifically to a liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device and method. Background Art

[0002] A liquid flow battery is a new type of energy storage device, which is widely used in the fields of renewable energy storage, power grid peak shaving, etc. The liquid flow battery realizes the conversion between electrical energy and chemical energy through the redox reaction of positive and negative electrolyte solutions in the stack, and has the advantages of large capacity, long life, and fast charge and discharge. In the liquid flow battery system, the charge and discharge control device plays a core regulation role, and through the dynamic control of the electrolyte flow rate, flow rate and energy transmission, ensures the efficient and stable operation of the system.

[0003] The existing liquid flow battery charge and discharge control devices usually include an electrolyte delivery mechanism and a basic charge and discharge management system. The positive and negative electrolyte solutions are transported through an electrolyte circulation pump to realize the circulation of the fluid in the stack, and at the same time, the ion exchange membrane inside the stack is used to complete the ion transfer, thereby realizing the charge and discharge process.

[0004] However, the existing technology has obvious deficiencies in the regulation of electrolyte flow rate, the intelligent management of the charge and discharge process, and the safety monitoring and maintenance of the system; firstly, the existing devices have low control accuracy of the electrolyte flow rate, resulting in uneven flow rate distribution inside the stack, which is prone to cause local concentration polarization phenomenon and affect the charge and discharge efficiency; secondly, the charge and discharge control lacks real-time optimization and dynamic adjustment, resulting in low energy utilization rate and difficult to effectively extend the battery life; in addition, the system fault monitoring response is slow, and the level of remote monitoring and intelligent operation and maintenance is insufficient, and the accurate monitoring and optimization of the system operation status cannot be realized. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device and method, which solves the problem of low control accuracy of electrolyte flow rate and local concentration polarization caused by uneven flow distribution in the existing technology, and improves the charge and discharge efficiency of the stack; at the same time, it solves the problem of lack of dynamic optimization and energy management in the charge and discharge process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device, comprising: A circulation mechanism, which is used for storing and transporting positive and negative electrolyte solutions, and at the same time for realizing ion transfer by using a diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane, so as to realize the charge and discharge operation; A flow buffering mechanism, which is arranged on the outer periphery of the circulation mechanism and is used for adjusting the flow rate and flow rate of the positive and negative electrolyte solutions when being continuously squeezed, so as to adjust the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery; The adjusting mechanism is arranged outside the flow-slowing mechanism and is used to automatically control the degree of extrusion received by the flow-slowing mechanism, so as to automatically adjust or stop the flow rate and flow volume of the positive and negative electrolyte solutions; The intelligent charge and discharge management module is used to dynamically control the charge and discharge process according to the state parameters of the flow battery; The electrolyte circulation and management module is used to optimize the regulation of the flow rate, flow velocity and flow channel uniformity of the electrolyte solution; The high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module is used to achieve the high-efficiency bidirectional conversion of the energy of the flow battery; The multi-level fault monitoring and protection module is used to monitor the faults in the system operation process in real time and provide rapid protection; The remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module is used to realize the real-time collection, analysis and remote monitoring of the system operation data.

[0007] Preferably, the circulation mechanism includes two transport pumps. The input end of the transport pump is fixedly connected with a storage pipe, the output end of the transport pump is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, a container is fixedly connected between the two connecting pipes, a transformer is fixedly connected to the top of the container, and the end of the storage pipe far away from the transport pump is fixedly connected to the outside of the container.

[0008] Preferably, the flow-slowing mechanism includes two sleeves. The sleeves are fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting pipe. A rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the sleeve. An inclined plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating rod. A return spring is fixedly connected inside the rotating rod. The other end of the return spring is fixedly connected with a T-shaped rod. A limiting block is fixedly connected to the outside of the T-shaped rod. The limiting block is slidably connected inside the rotating rod. A convex block is fixedly connected to the side of the T-shaped rod close to the sleeve. A groove is formed in the outside of the sleeve. The convex block and the groove are inserted and matched.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a housing. The housing is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve. Two synchronous wheels are rotatably connected inside the housing. A synchronous belt is sleeved on the outer circumferences of the two synchronous wheels. A support rod is rotatably connected inside the housing. The synchronous belt and the support rod are in rolling contact. A motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing. One of the synchronous wheels is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. A turntable is fixedly connected to the outside of the synchronous wheel. An eccentric rod is rotatably connected to the other side of the turntable. A connecting rod belt is sleeved on the outer circumference of the eccentric rod. The connecting rod belt is slidably connected inside the housing. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting rod belt. The other end of the connecting block is fixedly connected with a pressing block. The pressing block is in contact with the T-shaped rod.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent charge and discharge management module includes: The SOC / SOH real-time evaluation subunit is used to calculate the state of charge of the battery by coulomb metering method and calculate the state of health in combination with the internal resistance characteristics of the stack; The charge and discharge dynamic optimization subunit is used to realize the dynamic optimization of charge and discharge through staged charge control and real-time load adjustment.

[0011] Preferably, the electrolyte circulation and management module includes: The flow optimization control subunit is used to adopt the PID control strategy to adjust the electrolyte flow by real-time monitoring of the flow error; The flow channel uniformity regulation subunit is used to optimize the distribution of the electrolyte in the internal flow channels of the stack to maximize the reaction efficiency of the stack.

[0012] Preferably, the high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module includes: The bidirectional DC / DC converter subunit is used to realize the energy exchange between the battery and the load through the full-bridge bidirectional topology; The current ripple suppression subunit is used to reduce the current ripple by dynamically adjusting the filter parameters.

[0013] Preferably, the multi-level fault monitoring and protection module includes: The fault detection subunit is used to identify the stack short circuit, overheating or electrolyte leakage faults by calculating the sum of squared residuals; The fast protection subunit is used to quickly cut off the charge and discharge circuit when a fault occurs.

[0014] Preferably, the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module includes: The data acquisition and communication subunit is used to realize the remote transmission of the system operation data through the NB-IoT communication protocol; The cloud optimization subunit is used to predict the battery life and optimize the control strategy based on big data analysis.

[0015] The present invention also provides a usage method of a flow battery charge and discharge control device, including the following steps: Step 1: When in use, start the transport pump to transport the positive and negative electrolyte solutions into the container and circulate them simultaneously, thereby conducting the discharge process. Drive the motor and, with the cooperation of the synchronous belt, rotate the synchronous pulley. When the synchronous pulley rotates, drive the turntable to rotate. At this time, the eccentric rod arranged eccentrically can drive the connecting rod to translate when the turntable rotates, so that the connecting block drives the extrusion block to extrude the T-shaped rod, thereby compressing the return spring by the T-shaped rod. At the same time, control the depth of the convex block entering the groove. At this time, when the water flow hits the inclined plate and causes the rotating rod to have a tendency to rotate, the convex block can slide out of the current groove after being distorted through the arc provided at the front end of the convex block and fall into the next groove, thereby controlling the flow rate and flow volume of the positive and negative electrolyte solutions. When the convex block completely enters the groove, the rotating rod cannot move, and at the same time, the convex block cannot be distorted and slide out, thereby fixing the rotating rod and making it unable to rotate, so as to stop the circulation of the electrolyte solution; Step 2: Dynamically regulate the charging and discharging process through the intelligent charge-discharge management module, and monitor the SOC / SOH status of the stack; Step 3: Achieve energy exchange through the high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, and the system optimizes energy conversion in real time; Step 4: The multi-level fault monitoring and protection module detects system faults and responds quickly; Step 5: Use the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module to collect data and perform cloud optimization analysis to achieve remote monitoring and maintenance.

[0016] The present invention provides a liquid flow battery charge-discharge control device and method. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the synergistic effect of the circulation mechanism, the flow rate reduction mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism, the present invention realizes the precise control of the flow rate and flow volume of the electrolyte solution, ensures the uniform distribution of the electrolyte solution in the stack, effectively improves the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction, reduces the local concentration polarization phenomenon, and improves the charge-discharge performance and stability of the system.

[0017] 2. By combining the intelligent charge-discharge management module and the high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, the present invention realizes the real-time evaluation of SOC / SOH, staged charging, and dynamic optimization of the load, effectively prolongs the battery life, and improves the energy utilization rate; at the same time, through dynamic ripple suppression, it improves the stability of energy transmission and meets the requirements of the system for efficient operation.

[0018] 3. Through the fault monitoring and rapid protection module, the present invention realizes the real-time identification and response of system faults, ensures the safe operation of the system; combined with remote intelligent monitoring and cloud optimization analysis, it improves the convenience and intelligence level of system operation and maintenance, reduces the maintenance cost, and improves the overall reliability of the equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the groove structure of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the inclined plate structure of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the return spring structure of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the motor structure of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the extrusion block structure of the present invention; Figure 8 System structure diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 10, circulation mechanism; 101, transport pump; 102, storage pipe; 103, connecting pipe; 104, container; 105, transformer; 20, flow retardation mechanism; 201, sleeve; 202, rotating rod; 203, inclined plate; 204, return spring; 205, T-shaped rod; 206, convex block; 207, groove; 208, limit block; 30, adjustment mechanism; 301, housing; 302, synchronous pulley; 303, synchronous belt; 304, support rod; 305, motor; 306, turntable; 307, eccentric rod; 308, connecting rod belt; 309, connecting block; 310, extrusion block. Specific embodiments

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Refer to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 8 , the embodiments of the present invention provide a liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device, including: The circulation mechanism 10 is used to store and transport the positive and negative electrode electrolytes, and at the same time is used to realize ion transfer by using a diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane, so as to realize the charge and discharge operation. The circulation mechanism 10 realizes the separation and efficient circulation of the positive and negative electrode electrolytes through independent storage and transportation functions, avoids the self-discharge phenomenon caused by the mixing of electrolytes, improves the electro-chemical reaction efficiency at the same time, and ensures the safety and efficiency of the liquid flow battery; The slow flow mechanism 20 is arranged on the outer periphery of the circulation mechanism 10 and is used to adjust the flow rate and flow volume of the positive and negative electrolyte solutions when being continuously squeezed, so as to adjust the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery. The slow flow mechanism 20 precisely controls the flow rate and flow volume of the electrolyte solution through a physical adjustment method, making the fluid circulation more uniform, reducing the risk of the decline in the electrochemical reaction efficiency of the stack caused by flow rate fluctuations, effectively avoiding the local concentration polarization phenomenon at the same time, and improving the overall performance of the flow battery; The adjustment mechanism 30 is arranged on the outer side of the slow flow mechanism 20 and is used to automatically control the degree of extrusion received by the slow flow mechanism 20, so as to automatically adjust or stop the flow rate and flow volume of the positive and negative electrolyte solutions. The adjustment mechanism 30 realizes the automatic control of the slow flow mechanism 20, not only improving the response speed of the electrolyte flow rate adjustment, but also enabling the system to maintain the best flow rate distribution under different load conditions, greatly improving the charge and discharge efficiency and response flexibility of the flow battery; The intelligent charge and discharge management module is used to dynamically control the charge and discharge process according to the state parameters of the flow battery. The intelligent charge and discharge management module can dynamically regulate the charge and discharge process of the battery, optimize the energy utilization rate, extend the service life of the stack at the same time, effectively reduce the overcharge and over-discharge phenomena, and improve the operation stability of the system; The electrolyte circulation and management module is used to optimize the regulation of the flow rate, flow velocity and flow channel uniformity of the electrolyte solution. The electrolyte circulation and management module improves the reaction efficiency in the stack, reduces the risk of local failure, and significantly improves the stability and energy efficiency of the flow battery through precise flow control and uniform distribution optimization; The high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module is used to realize the high-efficiency bidirectional conversion of the energy of the flow battery. The high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module significantly improves the energy conversion efficiency, and at the same time reduces the system loss and noise by suppressing the current ripple, ensuring the high-efficiency and stable operation of the flow battery; The multi-level fault monitoring and protection module is used to monitor the faults in the system operation process in real time and provide fast protection. The multi-level fault monitoring and protection module gives early warnings in real time and responds quickly to faults, avoiding system damage and significantly improving the operation safety and reliability; The remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module is used to realize the real-time collection, analysis and remote monitoring of the system operation data. The remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module realizes the comprehensive monitoring and remote optimization analysis of the operation state of the flow battery, effectively reducing the operation and maintenance cost, and improving the operation efficiency of the equipment at the same time.

[0023] Refer to the appendix Figure 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circulation mechanism 10 includes two sets of transport pumps 101, which are respectively used to transport the positive and negative electrolyte solutions. The input end of the transport pump 101 is fixedly connected with a storage pipe 102 for storing the electrolyte solution. The output end of the transport pump 101 is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 103. A container 104 is fixedly connected between the two connecting pipes 103. Among them, the connecting pipe 103 plays a role in cooperating to transport the electrolyte solution, and the container 104 serves as an intermediate transition area for the flow of the electrolyte solution to ensure uniform fluid distribution. A transformer 105 is fixedly connected to the top of the container 104 for adjusting the voltage and current and cooperating with the system to complete the transmission and conversion of energy. One end of the storage pipe 102 far from the transport pump 101 is fixedly connected to the outside of the container 104. This setting is used to realize the reflux circulation of the fluid. The circulation mechanism 10 independently controls the positive and negative electrolyte solutions through two sets of transport pumps 101, ensuring the stability of the electrolyte flow rate and improving the uniformity and efficiency of the electrochemical reaction inside the stack.

[0024] See the attached Figure 2 - attached Figure 5 , in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow buffering mechanism 20 includes two sets of sleeves 201. The sleeves 201 are fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting pipe 103. A rotating rod 202 is rotatably connected inside the sleeve 201. An inclined plate 203 is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating rod 202. Through the settings of the rotating rod 202 and the inclined plate 203, the flow channel area of the electrolyte solution can be affected to realize the adjustment of the flow rate. A return spring 204 is fixedly connected inside the rotating rod 202. The other end of the return spring 204 is fixedly connected with a T-shaped rod 205. A limiting block 208 is fixedly connected to the outside of the T-shaped rod 205. The limiting block 208 is slidably connected inside the rotating rod 202. Among them, the return spring 204 is used to provide a restoring force for the T-shaped rod 205 to make the T-shaped rod 205 return to the initial position and at the same time allow the T-shaped rod 205 to slide in the rotating rod 202. At the same time, the limiting block 208 is used to provide a limit for the T-shaped rod 205, so that the T-shaped rod 205 only moves parallel and rotates with the rotation of the rotating rod 202. A convex block 206 is fixedly connected to one side of the T-shaped rod 205 close to the sleeve 201. A buffer pad is provided at one end of the convex block 206 close to the groove 207. A groove 207 is opened on the outside of the sleeve 201. The convex block 206 and the groove 207 are inserted and matched. Through the cooperation of the convex block 206 and the groove 207, buffering can be carried out through the buffer pad during the initial connection, thereby reducing the flow rate and flow volume of the electrolyte solution. After the convex block 206 and the groove 207 are completely connected, the rotating rod 202 can be restricted, thereby stopping the flow of the electrolyte solution. This mechanism effectively improves the fluid stability, reaction uniformity and overall system efficiency during the charge and discharge process of the flow battery, and at the same time has good mechanical stability and operation reliability.

[0025] See the attached Figure 5 - attached Figure 7In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism 30 includes a shell 301, which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sleeve 201. Two sets of synchronous wheels 302 are rotatably connected inside the shell 301. A synchronous belt 303 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the two sets of synchronous wheels 302. The synchronous belt 303 is used to make the two sets of synchronous wheels 302 run in linkage. A support rod 304 is rotatably connected inside the shell 301. The synchronous belt 303 and the support rod 304 are in rolling contact. A motor 305 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the shell 301. One of the synchronous wheels 302 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 305. The rotation of the motor 305 drives the synchronous wheel 302 and the synchronous belt 303 to move, thereby realizing power transmission. A rotating disk 306 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the synchronous wheel 302. An eccentric rod 307 is rotatably connected to the other side of the rotating disk 306. 7 is sleeved with a connecting rod belt 308, which is slidably connected to the inside of the shell 301, and a connecting block 309 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting rod belt 308, and the other end of the connecting block 309 is fixedly connected to an extrusion block 310, and the extrusion block 310 is in contact with the T-bar 205. When the synchronous wheel 302 rotates, the turntable 306 can drive the eccentric rod 307 to rotate, and the eccentric rod 307 realizes circular motion through rotation, thereby driving the connecting rod belt 308, the connecting block 309 and the extrusion block 310 to move, thereby squeezing the T-bar 205, so that the T-bar 205 applies an extrusion force to the slow flow mechanism 20, and finally adjusts the flow rate of the electrolyte. The regulating mechanism 30 is driven by the motor 305 to realize automatic extrusion adjustment of the slow flow mechanism 20, so that the flow rate and flow of the electrolyte can be adjusted in real time according to system requirements, thereby improving the dynamic response capability of the liquid flow battery.

[0026] See attached Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent charge and discharge management module includes: The SOC / SOH real-time evaluation subunit is used to calculate the battery state of charge (SOC) by coulomb counting and calculate the health state (SOH) by combining the internal resistance characteristics of the battery stack. The SOC calculation is performed by coulomb counting, and the formula is as follows: in: :time The state of charge; : Initial state of charge; : Rated capacity of the battery (Ah); :time The current; The SOC of the flow battery is affected by temperature changes and is compensated by the temperature correction formula: in: : Current stack temperature; : Reference temperature; : Temperature correction coefficient. The SOC / SOH real-time evaluation subunit can accurately estimate the current state and health of the battery, providing data support for charge and discharge control; Charge and discharge dynamic optimization subunit, which is used to achieve dynamic optimization of charge and discharge through staged charge control and real-time load adjustment. The staged charge control achieves a balance between fast charging and battery protection, effectively extending the battery life while shortening the charging time; the real-time load adjustment enables the system to dynamically adapt to load changes, optimize energy output, and improve the energy utilization rate and charge and discharge efficiency of the flow battery; the current protection mechanism enhances system safety and prevents abnormal current from damaging the stack.

[0027] See Appendix Figure 8 , in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrolyte circulation and management module includes: Flow optimization control subunit, which is used to adopt a PID control strategy to adjust the electrolyte flow by real-time monitoring of the flow error. A high-precision flow sensor is arranged on the connecting pipe 103 for the flow of the positive and negative electrolyte electrolytes to collect electrolyte flow data in real time, and the sensor is connected to the PID controller; Flow deviation calculation formula: Where: : Flow deviation; : Set target flow; : Electrolyte flow measured in real time; The PID controller adjusts the electrolyte flow in real time according to the flow deviation, and realizes dynamic control by adjusting the flow rate of the transport pump 101. The PID control formula is as follows: Where: : Proportional coefficient, used to adjust the flow rate according to the flow deviation; : Integral coefficient, which corrects the long-term flow deviation; : Differential coefficient, which responds to the trend of flow rate change. Through the PID closed-loop control strategy, the electrolyte flow can be adjusted in real time dynamically, ensuring that the flow rate matches the load demand of the stack, improving the charge and discharge efficiency, and avoiding the energy waste caused by too high a flow rate and the decrease in the local reaction efficiency of the stack caused by too low a flow rate; Flow channel uniformity regulation subunit, which is used to optimize the distribution of the electrolyte in the flow channels inside the stack to maximize the reaction efficiency of the stack. The flow channel uniformity regulation effectively reduces the local concentration polarization phenomenon inside the stack and improves the uniformity and efficiency of the electrochemical reaction; through CFD simulation and dynamic flow rate distribution, it ensures that the electrolyte flow rate matches the reaction demand of the stack and optimizes the energy output.

[0028] See AppendixFigure 8 , in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module includes: A bidirectional DC / DC converter sub-unit, which is used to realize the energy exchange between the battery and the load through a full-bridge bidirectional topology. The bidirectional DC / DC converter sub-unit adopts a full-bridge topology and consists of four high-frequency switching tubes (such as MOSFET or SiC / GaN devices) and a center transformer. The full-bridge circuit has the ability of bidirectional energy transmission, and the specific structure is as follows: Input end: The direct current output by the flow battery stack; Transformer: Used for energy coupling, providing voltage isolation and voltage conversion functions; Output end: Connected to the load or energy storage unit to realize bidirectional charging and discharging; Discharge mode (battery → load): The direct current provided by the flow battery stack is switched by the switching tubes of the full-bridge converter, converted into high-frequency alternating current, and then rectified into direct current through the coupling of the center transformer and output to the load.

[0029] Charging mode (load → battery): The direct current from an external load or energy storage unit is reversely charged to the flow battery through rectification and reverse coupling of the transformer, and then through the switching tubes of the full-bridge circuit; The high-frequency switching device reduces the power loss in the energy conversion process and improves the overall efficiency and power density of the system; A current ripple suppression sub-unit, which is used to reduce the current ripple by dynamically adjusting the filter parameters. A filter inductor LLL and a capacitor CCC are connected in series at the output end of the DC / DC converter to form an LC filter to suppress the current ripple: Wherein: : The amplitude of the current ripple; : The input DC voltage; : The duty cycle; : The value of the filter inductor; : The switching frequency. The amplitude of the output current ripple is monitored in real time through a current sensor, and the intelligent control module dynamically adjusts the filter parameters according to the size of the ripple amplitude to form an adaptive feedback control system.

[0030] Refer to the appendix Figure 8 , in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-level fault monitoring and protection module includes: A fault detection sub-unit, which is used to identify the faults of stack short circuit, overheating or electrolyte leakage by calculating the sum of squared residuals (SPE). Through the sum of squared residuals algorithm, the fault detection sub-unit can identify the faults of stack short circuit, overheating and electrolyte leakage in real time, has the ability of high precision and early warning, and the multi-parameter monitoring and data analysis ensure the accuracy of fault identification, avoid misjudgment, and ensure the stable operation of the system; A fast protection subunit is used to quickly cut off the charge and discharge circuit in case of a fault. The fast protection subunit can quickly cut off the charge and discharge circuit when a fault occurs, with a short response time, preventing the fault from spreading further and protecting the safety of the stack and the system. Through the combined protection of a high-speed circuit breaker and a relay, multiple protections at the hardware level are achieved, enhancing the reliability and safety of the system.

[0031] Refer to the appendix Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module includes: A data acquisition and communication subunit is used to remotely transmit the system operation data through the NB-IoT communication protocol. The data acquisition and communication subunit realizes the comprehensive real-time monitoring and remote transmission of the system operation status, ensuring seamless synchronization of the system operation data between the cloud and the local control system. The use of NB-IoT technology reduces communication energy consumption, while improving the stability and coverage of data transmission, meeting the remote operation and maintenance requirements under complex working conditions; A cloud optimization subunit is used to predict the battery life and optimize the control strategy based on big data analysis. A prediction model based on time series analysis and machine learning is used to evaluate the remaining service life of the stack: Wherein: : The remaining service life of the stack; : The change in the state of charge of the battery over time; : The decay rate of SOC over time; Combining temperature, flow, and current data, dynamically adjust the operating load of the stack, extend the system life, and optimize the control strategy based on big data analysis to make the charge and discharge management more intelligent, dynamically adapt to different load requirements, improve the overall energy efficiency of the system, while extending the service life of the system and enhancing the equipment reliability.

[0032] The usage method of a flow battery charge and discharge control device described below can be mutually referred to with the flow battery charge and discharge control device described above.

[0033] The present invention also provides a usage method of a flow battery charge and discharge control device, including the following steps: Step 1: During use, start the transport pump 101 to transport the positive and negative electrolyte solutions into the container 104 and perform circulation simultaneously, thereby carrying out the discharging process. Drive the motor 305 and, with the cooperation of the synchronous belt 303, rotate the synchronous pulley 302. When the synchronous pulley 302 rotates, drive the turntable 306 to rotate. At this time, the eccentrically arranged eccentric rod 307 can drive the connecting rod belt 308 to translate when the turntable 306 rotates, so that the connecting block 309 drives the extrusion block 310 to extrude the T-shaped rod 205, thereby compressing the return spring 204 by the T-shaped rod 205. At the same time, control the depth of the convex block 206 entering the groove 207. At this time, when the water flow strikes the inclined plate 203 and causes the rotating rod 202 to have a tendency to rotate, the arc provided at the front end of the convex block 206 can cause the convex block 206 to twist and slide out of the current groove 207 and fall into the next groove 207, thereby controlling the flow rate and flow volume of the positive and negative electrolyte solutions. When the convex block 206 completely enters the groove 207, the rotating rod 202 cannot move, and at the same time, the convex block 206 cannot be twisted and slide out, thereby fixing the rotating rod 202 and making it unable to rotate, so as to stop the circulation of the electrolyte solution; Step 2: Dynamically regulate the charging and discharging process through the intelligent charge-discharge management module, and monitor the SOC / SOH status of the stack; Step 3: Achieve energy exchange through the high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, and the system optimizes energy conversion in real time; Step 4: The multi-level fault monitoring and protection module detects system faults and responds quickly; Step 5: Use the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module to collect data and perform cloud optimization analysis to achieve remote monitoring and maintenance.

[0034] The method of this embodiment can be used to execute the above-mentioned device embodiment, and its principle and technical effects are similar, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0035] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device, characterized in that: include: A circulation mechanism (10) is used to store and transport positive and negative electrode electrolytes and to realize ion transfer by using a diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane, thereby realizing charging and discharging operations; A slow flow mechanism (20), which is arranged on the periphery of the circulation mechanism (10) and is used to adjust the flow rate and flow rate of the positive and negative electrode electrolytes when being continuously squeezed, thereby adjusting the battery charging and discharging efficiency; A regulating mechanism (30) is arranged outside the slow flow mechanism (20) and is used to automatically control the degree of squeezing of the slow flow mechanism (20), thereby automatically regulating or stopping the flow rate and flow rate of the positive and negative electrode electrolytes; Intelligent charge and discharge management module, used to dynamically control the charge and discharge process according to the state parameters of the flow battery; Electrolyte circulation and management module, used to optimize and control the flow rate, flow velocity and flow channel uniformity of the electrolyte; High-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, used to achieve efficient bidirectional conversion of flow battery energy; Multi-level fault monitoring and protection module, used for real-time monitoring and rapid protection of faults during system operation; The remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module is used to realize real-time collection, analysis and remote monitoring of system operation data.

2. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation mechanism (10) comprises two groups of transport pumps (101), the input end of the transport pump (101) is fixedly connected to a storage pipe (102), the output end of the transport pump (101) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (103), a container (104) is fixedly connected between the two groups of connecting pipes (103), a transformer (105) is fixedly connected to the top of the container (104), and one end of the storage pipe (102) away from the transport pump (101) is fixedly connected to the outside of the container (104).

3. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow slowing mechanism (20) comprises two groups of sleeves (201), wherein the sleeves (201) are fixedly connected to the middle part of the connecting pipe (103), a rotating rod (202) is rotatably connected inside the sleeve (201), an inclined plate (203) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating rod (202), a return spring (204) is fixedly connected inside the rotating rod (202), a T-shaped rod (205) is fixedly connected to the other end of the return spring (204), a limit block (208) is fixedly connected to the outside of the T-shaped rod (205), the limit block (208) is slidably connected to the inside of the rotating rod (202), a protrusion (206) is fixedly connected to the side of the T-shaped rod (205) close to the sleeve (201), a groove (207) is provided on the outside of the sleeve (201), and the protrusion (206) and the groove (207) are plug-fitted.

4. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (30) comprises a housing (301), the housing (301) being fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve (201), two sets of synchronous wheels (302) being rotatably connected inside the housing (301), a synchronous belt (303) being sleeved on the outer periphery of the two sets of synchronous wheels (302), a support rod (304) being rotatably connected inside the housing (301), the synchronous belt (303) and the support rod (304) being in rolling contact, an electric motor (305) being fixedly connected to the outside of the housing (301), one of the synchronous wheels (302) being fixedly connected to the At the output end of the motor (305), a rotating disk (306) is fixedly connected to the outside of the synchronous wheel (302); an eccentric rod (307) is rotatably connected to the other side of the rotating disk (306); a connecting rod belt (308) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the eccentric rod (307); the connecting rod belt (308) is slidably connected to the inside of the housing (301); a connecting block (309) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting rod belt (308); an extrusion block (310) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting block (309); and the extrusion block (310) is in contact with the T-shaped rod (205).

5. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent charge and discharge management module includes: SOC / SOH real-time assessment subunit, used to calculate the battery state of charge (SOC) by coulometric method and the health state (SOH) based on the internal resistance characteristics of the battery stack; The charge and discharge dynamic optimization subunit is used to realize dynamic optimization of charge and discharge through staged charge control and real-time load adjustment.

6. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte circulation and management module comprises: A flow optimization control subunit is used to adjust the electrolyte flow rate by adopting a PID control strategy through real-time monitoring of flow errors; The flow channel uniformity control subunit is used to optimize the distribution of electrolyte in the flow channel inside the fuel cell stack to maximize the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell stack.

7. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module comprises: A bidirectional DC / DC converter subunit for energy exchange between the battery and the load via a full-bridge bidirectional topology; The current ripple suppression subunit is used to reduce the current ripple by dynamically adjusting the filter parameters.

8. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level fault monitoring and protection module includes: A fault detection subunit, which is used to identify stack short circuit, overheating or electrolyte leakage faults by calculating the sum of squared residual errors (SPE); The fast protection subunit is used to quickly cut off the charge and discharge circuit when a fault occurs.

9. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module includes: Data acquisition and communication subunit, used to achieve remote transmission of system operation data through NB-IoT communication protocol; The cloud optimization subunit is used to predict battery life and optimize control strategies based on big data analysis.

10. A method for using a flow battery charge and discharge control device, characterized in that: Using a liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Step 1: When in use, the transport pump (101) is started to transport the positive and negative electrolytes into the container (104) and circulate them at the same time, thereby performing a discharge process. The synchronous wheel (302) is rotated by driving the motor (305) in cooperation with the synchronous belt (303). When the synchronous wheel (302) rotates, the rotating disk (306) is driven to rotate. At this time, the eccentric rod (307) arranged eccentrically can drive the connecting rod belt (308) to translate when the rotating disk (306) rotates, so that the connecting block (309) and the extrusion block (310) squeeze the T-bar (205), so that the T-bar (205) compresses the return spring (204). , and at the same time controlling the depth of the protrusion (206) entering the groove (207). At this time, when the water flow hits the inclined plate (203) and causes the rotating rod (202) to rotate, the arc set at the front end of the protrusion (206) can cause the protrusion (206) to twist and slide out of the current groove (207) and fall into the next groove (207), thereby controlling the flow rate and flow rate of the positive and negative electrolytes. When the protrusion (206) completely enters the groove (207), the rotating rod (202) cannot move, and the protrusion (206) cannot be twisted and slide out, thereby fixing the rotating rod (202) and preventing it from rotating, thereby stopping the circulation of the electrolyte; Step 2: Dynamically control the charging and discharging process through the intelligent charging and discharging management module and monitor the SOC / SOH status of the battery stack; Step 3: Energy exchange is achieved through efficient bidirectional power conversion modules, and the system optimizes energy conversion in real time; Step 4: Multi-level fault monitoring and protection modules detect system faults and respond quickly; Step 5: Use the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module to collect data and perform cloud-based optimization analysis to achieve remote monitoring and maintenance.

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