Workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism and positioning method for numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention provides a numerically-controlled machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism and a positioning method. The numerically-controlled machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism comprises a positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly comprises a bottom plate, four limiting seats, a driving rod, a driving disc, a sliding block, an L-shaped connecting rod, a supporting rod, a positioning seat, a limiting groove, a positioning clamping plate, a sliding seat, a sliding rail, a first electromagnet, a supporting spring and two guide rods. Under cooperation of structures such as the L-shaped connecting rods, the supporting rods, the sliding blocks and the positioning bases, the four positioning clamping plates move synchronously, and therefore when a workpiece is clamped, automatic positioning of the workpiece can be achieved, and the workpiece is made to move to the center position of the bottom plate; compared with the prior art, when a workpiece is clamped, automatic positioning of the workpiece can be achieved, the workpiece is made to move to the center position of the bottom plate, when the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding supporting springs can be compressed in a self-adaptive mode, then the four positioning clamping plates can be tightly attached to the workpiece, and the positioning effect on the workpiece is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a positioning mechanism and a positioning method, specifically an auxiliary positioning mechanism and method for workpieces of a numerically controlled machine tool, belonging to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools. Background Art

[0002] A numerically controlled machine tool is a highly automated machine tool device that uses digital information (such as numerical control programming codes) to precisely control the movement of the machine tool and its processing process. Through a pre-written program, the numerically controlled machine tool can automatically complete various processing operations such as cutting, drilling, milling, and grinding of workpieces without direct manual intervention in the operation of the machine tool. This technology not only significantly improves the processing accuracy and production efficiency but also enhances the flexibility and adaptability of processing, being able to easily handle the processing of parts with complex shapes and high-precision requirements, and is an indispensable key device in modern manufacturing.

[0003] During the precision machining of workpieces by a numerically controlled machine tool, the primary task is to firmly and precisely fix the position of the workpiece, which is a key link to ensure the stability and accuracy of the entire processing process. By using professional fixtures or tooling devices, the numerically controlled machine tool can firmly lock the workpiece in the processing area, effectively preventing the workpiece from shifting or vibrating during complex processing operations such as high-speed cutting, drilling, and milling. This stable fixing method not only improves the processing efficiency, avoids processing errors caused by workpiece movement, but also ensures that the machined parts have precise dimensions and consistent shapes, thus meeting the requirements of high-precision manufacturing.

[0004] It is known that a Chinese authorized utility model (Publication No.: CN220881441U) discloses an auxiliary positioning mechanism for workpieces of a numerically controlled machine tool. By using the cooperation of a movable seat, a first limit through hole, a positioning mechanism, a housing, a fixing mechanism, a first through port, a second through port, a pressing rod, a position control rod, and a position control column, pulling the grips in opposite directions of the two side grips drives the movable rod to move in the same direction as the grips. The movable rod drives the fixed plate to move. While the fixed plate stretches the tension spring, the clamping plate drives the fixed block to squeeze the fixed clamping rod, solving the problem that existing numerically controlled machine tools usually lack a structure for quickly positioning the workpieces to be processed, making the numerically controlled machine tools inconvenient to use and reducing the processing efficiency of workpieces. Although its positioning mechanism realizes the function of quickly clamping and positioning workpieces to a certain extent, its core mechanism mainly relies on the driving force of a spring to complete the positioning operation of workpieces. This design inevitably exposes two relatively prominent problems in practical applications: 1. Difficult positioning: During the process of clamping the workpiece, the operator needs to accurately and simultaneously press two buttons located on the operation interface or specific positions to prompt the clamping plates on both sides of the workpiece to move synchronously, so as to complete the centering positioning of the workpiece. However, in actual operation, due to human factors, differences in button sensitivity, or mechanical response delays, it is very difficult to ensure that the two buttons can be pressed absolutely simultaneously. Once there is a time difference in pressing the two buttons, the asynchronous movement of the clamping plates will cause the workpiece to shift its position on the bottom plate, that is, the workpiece may deviate to one side of the bottom plate and cannot be accurately positioned at the preset position in the middle of the bottom plate; 2. Poor stability of the workpiece: Since it uses the elastic force of the spring for clamping instead of a more stable fixed connection method, during the processing of the workpiece, the workpiece may shake due to the influence of cutting force, vibration, or other external factors, thereby affecting the processing operation of the workpiece. In addition, the elastic force of the spring will gradually weaken with the increase of the use time, further exacerbating the decline of the workpiece stability, thus affecting the reliability and stability of the entire processing process; Therefore, an auxiliary positioning mechanism and positioning method for a CNC machine tool workpiece are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an auxiliary positioning mechanism and positioning method for a CNC machine tool workpiece to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0006] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is realized as follows: An auxiliary positioning mechanism for a CNC machine tool workpiece includes a positioning component, and the positioning component includes a bottom plate, four limit seats, a driving rod, a driving disk, a slider, an L-shaped connecting rod, a support rod, a positioning seat, a limit groove, a positioning clamping plate, a sliding seat, a slide rail, a first electromagnet, a support spring, and two guide rods; Four chutes are symmetrically opened on the upper surface of the bottom plate, the four limit seats are symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate, the driving disk is rotationally connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate through the driving rod, one end of the L-shaped connecting rod is rotationally connected to the driving disk, the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected to the support rod, the top end of the support rod is rotationally connected to the slider, the limit groove is opened on the upper surface of the positioning seat, the positioning clamping plate is fixedly connected to the sliding seat, the positioning seat is slidably connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate through the slide rail, the first electromagnet is embedded in the lower surface of the sliding seat, the support spring is sleeved outside the guide rod, and the guide rod is slidably connected to the inside of the positioning seat.

[0007] Further preferably, the position of the limit seat corresponds to the position of the chute, the slider is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limit seat, and the support rod is located inside the chute.

[0008] Further preferably, the positioning seat is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider, the positioning seat is slidably connected to the upper surface of the limiting seat, and the sliding seat is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limiting groove.

[0009] Further preferably, one end of the guiding rod is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding seat away from the positioning clamping plate, one end of the supporting spring abuts against the inner side wall of the limiting groove, and the other end of the supporting spring abuts against the side of the sliding seat away from the positioning clamping plate.

[0010] Further preferably, a limiting assembly is arranged below the driving disc. The limiting assembly includes a base, a rotating disc, a driving ring, a guiding plate, a second electromagnet, a limiting spring, a limiting rod, a guiding sleeve and a limiting disc; The rotating disc is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the driving rod, the driving ring is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the rotating disc, the guiding sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, the limiting disc is slidably connected to the outer side wall of the guiding sleeve, the limiting spring is sleeved on the outer side wall of the guiding sleeve, the guiding plates are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the limiting disc, the limiting rod is slidably connected to the inside of the guiding plate, and the second electromagnet is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base.

[0011] Further preferably, the bottom end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, the upper surface of the limiting disc is meshed with the lower surface of the rotating disc, the guiding sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the driving rod, and the bottom end of the driving rod is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the base.

[0012] Further preferably, the top end of the limiting spring abuts against the lower surface of the limiting disc, the bottom end of the limiting spring abuts against the upper surface of the base, and the position of the second electromagnet corresponds to the position of the limiting disc.

[0013] Further preferably, fixing rods are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, the top ends of the fixing rods are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate, and a control switch is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate.

[0014] Further preferably, the electrical ends of the control switch are electrically connected to the electrical ends of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet respectively.

[0015] A method for assisting in positioning a workpiece of a numerical control machine tool includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the workpiece on the bottom plate, prepare for subsequent clamping and positioning operations, rotate the driving ring, and start clamping and positioning the workpiece; Step 2: The driving ring drives the rotating disc to rotate, and the rotating disc transmits the power; Step 3: The rotating disk drives the driving disk to rotate through the driving rod, and the driving disk then drives the four L-shaped connecting rods to move. The four L-shaped connecting rods produce linkage, and the L-shaped connecting rods drive the slider to slide within the limit seat through the support rod; Step 4: The slider drives the positioning seat to move, and the positioning seat then drives the positioning clamping plate through the sliding seat. The four positioning clamping plates approach the center of the bottom plate, forming a preliminary clamping of the workpiece; Step 5: According to the shape and size of the workpiece, the support springs are adaptively compressed, and the four positioning clamping plates are in close contact with the four side surfaces of the workpiece; Step 6: The first electromagnet works, and the sliding seat and the positioning seat are adsorbed and fixed. The position of the positioning clamping plate is fixed, and the workpiece will not move during the processing; Step 7: The second electromagnet is powered off, and the limit disk moves upward under the push of the limit spring. The limit disk meshes with the rotating disk to limit the position of the rotating disk, and the entire clamping and positioning mechanism is stable, and the workpiece is positioned.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, it has the following advantages: 1. In the present invention, the driving rod drives the driving disk to rotate, and the driving disk drives one end of the L-shaped connecting rod. With the cooperation of structures such as the L-shaped connecting rod, the support rod, the slider, and the positioning seat, the four positioning clamping plates move synchronously. Thus, when clamping the workpiece, automatic positioning of the workpiece can be achieved, enabling the workpiece to move to the center position of the bottom plate. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support springs will be adaptively compressed, and then the four positioning clamping plates can closely fit the workpiece; compared with the prior art, through the cooperation of structures such as the driving disk and the L-shaped connecting rod in the present invention, the four positioning clamping plates can simultaneously approach the center of the driving disk. Thus, when clamping the workpiece, automatic positioning of the workpiece can be achieved, enabling the workpiece to move to the center position of the bottom plate. When the workpiece is rectangular, the four positioning clamping plates can adaptively and closely fit the workpiece, ensuring the positioning effect of the workpiece.

[0017] Second, after the workpiece is positioned, the present invention strengthens the position of the workpiece to prevent the position of the workpiece from shifting during the processing operation. At this time, the first electromagnet works, and the first electromagnet adsorbs the positioning seat. Then, the sliding seat is fixedly connected to the positioning seat, and the position of the positioning clamp is fixed. At the same time, the second electromagnet is powered off, and under the push of the limiting spring, the limiting disk moves upward along the guiding sleeve, and the limiting disk meshes with the rotating disk. At this time, since the position of the limiting disk is fixed, the position of the rotating disk can be limited through the limiting disk, and the position of the driving rod is limited by the rotating disk. When the position of the driving rod is fixed, the position of the positioning seat is fixed, and thus stable clamping of the workpiece can be achieved. During the processing of the workpiece, the workpiece will not shake due to the influence of cutting force, vibration or other external factors, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the entire processing process. Compared with the prior art, the present invention further strengthens the position of the workpiece by setting the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet, and enhances the reliability and stability during the processing of the workpiece through a fixed connection method.

[0018] The above summary is only for the purpose of the specification and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an auxiliary positioning mechanism for a workpiece of a numerical control machine tool according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a connection diagram of the driving disk and the L-shaped connecting rod according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the positioning seat according to the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the first electromagnet according to the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the limiting component according to the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the limiting component according to the present invention; Figure 8Schematic diagram of the connection between the driving ring and the rotating disk of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding groove on the bottom plate of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting seat of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slider of the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support rod and the slider of the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals: 101, positioning assembly; 10, bottom plate; 11, sliding groove; 12, limiting seat; 13, driving rod; 14, driving disk; 15, slider; 16, L-shaped connecting rod; 17, support rod; 18, positioning seat; 19, limiting groove; 20, positioning clamping plate; 21, sliding seat; 22, slide rail; 24, first electromagnet; 25, support spring; 26, guide rod; 301, limiting assembly; 31, base; 32, rotating disk; 33, driving ring; 34, guide plate; 35, second electromagnet; 36, limiting spring; 37, limiting rod; 38, guide sleeve; 39, limiting disk; 40, fixed rod; 41, control switch. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0022] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art can recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and the description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] As Figures 1-8 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism for a numerical control machine tool, including a positioning assembly 101. The positioning assembly 101 includes a bottom plate 10, four limiting seats 12, a driving rod 13, a driving disk 14, a slider 15, an L-shaped connecting rod 16, a support rod 17, a positioning seat 18, a limiting groove 19, a positioning clamping plate 20, a sliding seat 21, a slide rail 22, a first electromagnet 24, a support spring 25 and two guide rods 26; Four sliding grooves 11 are symmetrically formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 10. The positions of the limit seats 12 correspond to those of the sliding grooves 11. The slider 15 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limit seat 12. The support rod 17 is located inside the sliding groove 11. The four limit seats 12 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 10. Through the sliding groove 11, the support rod 17 can slide along with the slider 15, and through the limit seat 12, the position of the slider 15 can be limited. A limit groove is provided on the outer wall of the slider 15, and the shape of the limit seat 12 is adapted to that of the slider 15. Thus, when the slider 15 slides, it will not slide out of the limit seat 12; The driving disk 14 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 10 through the driving rod 13. The shape of the driving disk 14 is square. One end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 is rotatably connected to the driving disk 14, and the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the support rod 17. The top end of the support rod 17 is rotatably connected to the slider 15. The end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 is connected to the corner of the driving disk 14. Thus, when the driving disk 14 rotates, the driving disk 14 drives one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16, and one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 rotates along with the driving disk 14. Then, the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 approaches the center of the driving disk 14. The L-shaped connecting rod 16 drives the support rod 17, the support rod 17 drives the slider 15, and the slider 15 slides within the limit seat 12. The slider 15 drives the positioning seat 18, and the four positioning seats 18 move synchronously and approach the center of the driving disk 14. During the rotation of the driving disk 14, one ends of the four L-shaped connecting rods 16 rotate along with the driving disk 14 simultaneously. Then, the other ends of the L-shaped connecting rods 16 are pulled. Under the limiting action of the slider 15 and the limit seat 12, the slider 15 drives the positioning seat 18, thereby realizing the synchronous driving of the four positioning seats 18; The limiting groove 19 is formed on the upper surface of the positioning seat 18. The positioning clamping plate 20 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 21. The positioning seat 18 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 10 through the slide rail 22. The position of the sliding seat 21 can be limited through the limiting groove 19. A groove is provided on the outer wall of the sliding seat 21, and the shape of the limiting groove 19 is adapted to that of the sliding seat 21; The first electromagnet 24 is embedded in the lower surface of the sliding seat 21. When the first electromagnet 24 works, the first electromagnet 24 adsorbs the positioning seat 18. Then, at this time, the sliding seat 21 and the positioning seat 18 are fixedly connected; The support spring 25 is sleeved outside the guide rod 26. The guide rod 26 is slidably connected inside the positioning seat 18. The positioning seat 18 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider 15. The positioning seat 18 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the limit seat 12. The sliding seat 21 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limiting groove 19. One end of the support spring 25 abuts against the inner side wall of the limiting groove 19, and the other end of the support spring 25 abuts against the side of the sliding seat 21 away from the positioning clamping plate 20; When the four positioning seats 18 perform the clamping action, they drive the positioning clamping plates 20, and the four positioning clamping plates 20 move synchronously. Thus, when clamping a workpiece, automatic positioning of the workpiece can be achieved, enabling the workpiece to move to the center position of the bottom plate 10. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support springs 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamping plates 20 can closely fit the workpiece. During operation, the driving rod 13 drives the driving disk 14 to rotate. The driving disk 14 drives one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16, and one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 rotates following the driving disk 14. Then, the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 approaches the center of the driving disk 14. The L-shaped connecting rod 16 drives the support rod 17, the support rod 17 drives the slider 15, the slider 15 drives the positioning seat 18, and the four positioning seats 18 move synchronously and approach the center of the driving disk 14. The positioning seat 18 drives the positioning clamping plate 20, and the four positioning clamping plates 20 move synchronously. Thus, when clamping a workpiece, automatic positioning of the workpiece can be achieved, enabling the workpiece to move to the center position of the bottom plate 10. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support springs 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamping plates 20 can closely fit the workpiece. Compared with the prior art, through the cooperation of structures such as the driving disk 14 and the L-shaped connecting rod 16, the present invention can make the four positioning clamping plates 20 approach the center of the driving disk 14 simultaneously. Thus, when clamping a workpiece, automatic positioning of the workpiece can be achieved, enabling the workpiece to move to the center position of the bottom plate 10. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support springs 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamping plates 20 can closely fit the workpiece, ensuring the positioning effect on the workpiece.

[0025] In one embodiment, a limiting component 301 is arranged below the driving disk 14. The limiting component 301 includes a base 31, a rotating disk 32, a driving ring 33, a guiding plate 34, a second electromagnet 35, a limiting spring 36, a limiting rod 37, a guiding sleeve 38, and a limiting disk 39. The rotating disk 32 is fixedly connected to the outer sidewall of the driving rod 13, and the driving ring 33 is fixedly connected to the outer sidewall of the rotating disk 32. The rotating disk 32 can be driven to rotate through the driving ring 33. The rotating disk 32 drives the driving rod 13 to rotate. When the driving rod 13 rotates, clamping and positioning of the workpiece can be achieved. The guide sleeve 38 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 31. The limit disk 39 is slidably connected to the outer side wall of the guide sleeve 38. The limit spring 36 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the guide sleeve 38. The guide plates 34 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the limit disk 39. The limit rod 37 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide plate 34. The second electromagnet 35 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 31. The bottom end of the limit rod 37 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 31. The upper surface of the limit disk 39 is meshed with the lower surface of the rotating disk 32. The position of the limit disk 39 can be limited by the limit rod 37 and the guide plate 34, so that the limit disk 39 can slide along the limit rod 37. When the limit disk 39 is meshed with the rotating disk 32, since the position of the limit disk 39 is fixed, the position of the rotating disk 32 can be limited by the limit disk 39. The rotating disk 32 limits the position of the driving rod 13. At this time, the position of the positioning seat 18 is fixed, realizing the stable clamping of the workpiece; The guide sleeve 38 is sleeved on the outside of the driving rod 13. The bottom end of the driving rod 13 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the base 31. The position of the limit disk 39 can be limited by the guide sleeve 38, so that the limit disk 39 can move vertically up and down.

[0026] In one embodiment, the top end of the limit spring 36 abuts against the lower surface of the limit disk 39, and the bottom end of the limit spring 36 abuts against the upper surface of the base 31. The position of the second electromagnet 35 corresponds to the position of the limit disk 39. The limit disk 39 can be adsorbed by the second electromagnet 35. In the initial state, the second electromagnet 35 is in the working state; During work, the driving rod 13 is driven to rotate by the rotating disk 32. When the driving rod 13 rotates, the clamping and positioning of the workpiece can be realized. After the workpiece is positioned, the position of the workpiece is strengthened to prevent the position of the workpiece from shifting during the processing operation. At this time, the second electromagnet 35 is powered off. Under the push of the limit spring 36, the limit disk 39 moves upward along the guide sleeve 38, and the limit disk 39 is meshed with the rotating disk 32. At this time, since the position of the limit disk 39 is fixed, the position of the rotating disk 32 can be limited by the limit disk 39. The rotating disk 32 limits the position of the driving rod 13. When the position of the driving rod 13 is fixed, the position of the positioning seat 18 is fixed, and thus the stable clamping of the workpiece can be realized. During the processing of the workpiece, the workpiece will not shake due to the influence of cutting force, vibration or other external factors, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the entire processing process; The limit spring 36 is a strong spring, so it can provide a strong upward thrust. The opposite surfaces of the limit disk 39 and the rotating disk 32 are both closely spaced teeth. When the limit disk 39 moves upward, since the gap between the teeth is very small, even if the ends of the upper and lower teeth contact, the rotating disk 32 only needs to shake slightly to achieve meshing; Compared with the prior art, by providing the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35, after the workpiece is positioned, the position of the workpiece can be further reinforced, and by means of fixed connection, the reliability and stability are enhanced during the machining process of the workpiece.

[0027] In one embodiment, fixing rods 40 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 31, the top ends of the fixing rods 40 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 10, and a control switch 41 is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 10. The bottom plate 10 can be connected to the base 31 through the fixing rods 40, thereby enhancing the overall stability.

[0028] In one embodiment, the electrical ends of the control switch 41 are electrically connected to the electrical ends of the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35 respectively, so as to control the working states of the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35. The electrical connection relationships between the control switch 41 and the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35 are both prior arts, that is, in parallel connection, so their circuit structures will not be described in detail.

[0029] In one embodiment, a highly sensitive tension sensor (not directly shown in the figure) is provided in the limiting groove 19, and this sensor is closely associated with the sliding seat 21 through precise mechanical or electronic connection means; During the key process of the numerical control machine tool clamping and positioning the workpiece, when the workpiece is firmly clamped by the positioning clamp 20, an inevitable reverse force will be applied to the sliding seat 21, causing the sliding seat 21 to slide. At this time, the tension sensor plays its core function to monitor the displacement of the sliding seat 21 in real time and accurately; Specifically, the tension sensor can capture the displacement change of the sliding seat 21 and convert it into an electrical signal or a digital signal, and transmit it to the control system of the numerical control machine tool for further analysis and processing. When the length-width ratio of the clamped workpiece exceeds the preset rated value, due to the irregular shape or special size of the workpiece, the positioning clamp 20 will generate abnormal displacement of the sliding seat 21 during the clamping process, resulting in a sharp rise in the displacement value monitored by the tension sensor, exceeding the normal range; Once the control system receives this abnormal signal from the tension sensor, it will immediately activate the warning mechanism, which includes displaying a prominent warning message on the operation interface of the numerical control machine tool to remind the operator to pay attention to the possible problems in the current workpiece clamping state; at the same time, the control system also further strengthens the warning effect through sound alarms or flashing lights, etc., to ensure that the operator can quickly respond, check and adjust the clamping and positioning process, so as to avoid risks such as machining errors or equipment damage caused by improper workpiece size or shape.

[0030] The above-described warning implementation steps include: 1. Data acquisition Sensor arrangement: A tensile sensor is arranged inside the limit groove 19 and is ensured to be tightly connected to the sliding seat 21 to accurately sense the displacement distance of the sliding seat 21; Real-time acquisition: During the workpiece clamping and positioning process, the tensile sensor real-time acquires the displacement data of the sliding seat 21 and converts it into an electrical signal or a digital signal.

[0031] 2. Data transmission Signal transmission: Transmit the signal acquired by the tensile sensor to the control system of the numerical control machine tool to ensure the stability and accuracy of the signal; Data reception: The control system receives and identifies the signal from the tensile sensor and prepares for subsequent data processing.

[0032] 3. Data processing Signal conversion: The control system converts the received electrical signal or digital signal into a data value for subsequent comparison and analysis; Threshold setting: According to the rated size and shape of the workpiece and the processing requirements of the numerical control machine tool, a threshold is preset. When the displacement value exceeds this threshold, it is considered that the length-width ratio of the workpiece may exceed the rated value.

[0033] 4. Comparison and analysis Real-time comparison: The control system compares the real-time acquired displacement value with the preset threshold; Judgment result: If the real-time displacement value exceeds the threshold, the control system judges that the length-width ratio of the workpiece may exceed the rated value and there is a processing risk.

[0034] 5. Warning trigger Warning mechanism: When the control system judges that the length-width ratio of the workpiece exceeds the rated value, the warning mechanism is immediately triggered; Warning method: The warning method can include displaying a warning message on the operation interface of the numerical control machine tool, emitting a sound alarm or flashing a light, etc. to remind the operator to pay attention.

[0035] 6. Operation response Inspection and adjustment: After receiving the warning information, the operator should immediately check the workpiece clamping and positioning process and confirm whether the size and shape of the workpiece meet the requirements; Adjustment measures: If problems are found, the operator should timely adjust the clamping and positioning parameters or replace the appropriate workpiece to ensure the smooth progress of the processing process.

[0036] 7. Recording and feedback Data recording: The control system records the relevant data of each warning event, including displacement values, warning times, operator responses, etc., for subsequent analysis and improvement; Feedback optimization: Based on the recorded data and actual operation experience, continuously optimize the warning mechanism and threshold setting to improve the accuracy and reliability of warnings.

[0037] In one embodiment, in the workpiece clamping and positioning system of a numerically controlled machine tool, there is a close relationship between the displacement distance of the sliding seat 21 and the working state of the first electromagnet 24. By precisely monitoring the displacement distance of the sliding seat 21 and automatically controlling the working state of the first electromagnet 24 accordingly, the accuracy and stability of workpiece clamping and positioning can be significantly improved. The following are the specific steps to achieve this automatic control function: I. Establishment of a displacement monitoring system Signal transmission and preprocessing Transmit the displacement signal collected by the displacement sensor to the control system of the numerically controlled machine tool through cables or wirelessly; Preprocess the displacement signal in the control system, such as filtering, amplification, etc., to improve the accuracy and stability of the signal.

[0038] II. Establishment of the mapping relationship between displacement distance and the working state of the electromagnet Determine the displacement threshold According to the requirements of workpiece clamping and positioning and the stroke range of the sliding seat 21, set one or more displacement thresholds. For example, when the sliding seat 21 generates a displacement of one centimeter, it is used as the displacement threshold to trigger the operation of the first electromagnet 24; Establish a mapping relationship table Establish a mapping relationship table between the displacement distance and the working state of the first electromagnet 24 in the control system. This table should clearly list the working states (such as energized, de-energized) of the first electromagnet 24 under different displacement thresholds.

[0039] III. Implementation of the automatic control logic Real-time monitoring of displacement distance The control system reads the displacement data collected by the displacement sensor in real time and calculates the current displacement distance of the sliding seat 21; Comparison and judgment Compare the current displacement distance with the preset displacement threshold. When the displacement distance of the sliding seat 21 reaches or exceeds the set displacement threshold, the control system triggers the corresponding control logic; Control the working state of the first electromagnet According to the mapping relationship table, the control system sends a control signal to the first electromagnet 24 to change its working state. For example, when the sliding seat 21 generates a displacement of one centimeter, the control system sends an energizing signal to the first electromagnet 24 to make it start working.

[0040] IV. System Debugging and Optimization Function Testing Before actual operation, conduct function testing on the system to verify the accuracy of the displacement monitoring system and the correctness of the automatic control logic; Parameter Adjustment According to the test results, adjust parameters such as the displacement threshold and the mapping relation table to optimize the system performance; Stability Testing During long-term operation, test the stability of the system to ensure it can work reliably under various working conditions.

[0041] V. Practical Application and Effect Evaluation Practical Application Apply the optimized system to the workpiece clamping and positioning process of a numerically controlled machine tool to achieve the function of automatically controlling the working state of the first electromagnet based on the sliding seat displacement distance; Effect Evaluation Evaluate the actual effect of the system by comparing the workpiece clamping and positioning accuracy and stability before and after application. At the same time, collect user feedback to provide a basis for further improvement of the system.

[0042] A method for assisting workpiece positioning in a numerically controlled machine tool includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the workpiece on the bottom plate, prepare for subsequent clamping and positioning operations, rotate the driving ring, and start clamping and positioning the workpiece; Step 2: The driving ring drives the rotating disk to rotate, and the rotating disk transmits the power; Step 3: The rotating disk drives the driving disk to rotate through the driving rod, the driving disk drives four L-shaped connecting rods to move, the four L-shaped connecting rods produce linkage, and the L-shaped connecting rods drive the slider to slide in the limit seat through the support rod; Step 4: The slider drives the positioning seat to move, and the positioning seat drives the positioning clamping plate through the sliding seat. The four positioning clamping plates approach the center of the bottom plate to form a preliminary clamping of the workpiece; Step 5: According to the shape and size of the workpiece, the support springs are adaptively compressed, and the four positioning clamping plates are closely attached to the four side surfaces of the workpiece; Step 6: The first electromagnet works, the sliding seat and the positioning seat are adsorbed and fixed, the position of the positioning clamping plate is fixed, and the workpiece will not move during the machining process; Step 7: The second electromagnet is powered off, the limit disk moves upward under the push of the limit spring, the limit disk meshes with the rotating disk to limit the position of the rotating disk, the entire clamping and positioning mechanism is stable, and the workpiece is positioned.

[0043] When the present invention is in operation: Place the workpiece on the bottom plate 10. Drive the drive disk 14 to rotate through the drive rod 13. The drive disk 14 drives one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16. One end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 follows the drive disk 14 to rotate. Further, the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 approaches the center of the drive disk 14. The L-shaped connecting rod 16 drives the support rod 17, the support rod 17 drives the slider 15, and the slider 15 drives the positioning seat 18. The four positioning seats 18 move synchronously and approach the center of the drive disk 14. The positioning seat 18 drives the positioning clamping plate 20. The four positioning clamping plates 20 move synchronously. Further, when clamping the workpiece, automatic positioning of the workpiece can be achieved, enabling the workpiece to move to the center position of the bottom plate 10. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support spring 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamping plates 20 can closely fit the workpiece. After the workpiece is positioned, reinforce the position of the workpiece to prevent the position of the workpiece from shifting during the processing operation. At this time, when the first electromagnet 24 works, the first electromagnet 24 adsorbs the positioning seat 18. Further, at this time, the sliding seat 21 is fixedly connected to the positioning seat 18, and the position of the positioning clamping plate 20 is fixed. At the same time, the second electromagnet 35 is powered off. Under the push of the limit spring 36, the limit disk 39 moves upward along the guide sleeve 38, and the limit disk 39 meshes with the rotating disk 32. Since the position of the limit disk 39 is fixed, the position of the rotating disk 32 can be limited through the limit disk 39, and the rotating disk 32 limits the position of the drive rod 13. When the position of the drive rod 13 is fixed, the position of the positioning seat 18 is fixed. Further, stable clamping of the workpiece can be achieved. During the processing of the workpiece, the workpiece will not shake due to the influence of cutting force, vibration or other external factors, thus ensuring the reliability and stability of the entire processing process. Compared with the prior art, through the cooperation of structures such as the drive disk 14 and the L-shaped connecting rod 16, the present invention can make the four positioning clamping plates 20 approach the center of the drive disk 14 at the same time. Further, when clamping the workpiece, automatic positioning of the workpiece can be achieved, enabling the workpiece to move to the center position of the bottom plate 10. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support spring 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamping plates 20 can closely fit the workpiece, ensuring the positioning effect of the workpiece. By setting the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35, after the workpiece is positioned, the position of the workpiece can be further reinforced, and through the fixed connection method, the reliability and stability are enhanced during the processing of the workpiece.

[0044] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various changes or substitutions, and these should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism for a CNC machine tool, comprising a positioning assembly (101), characterized in that: The positioning assembly (101) comprises a base plate (10), four limiting seats (12), a driving rod (13), a driving disk (14), a sliding block (15), an L-shaped connecting rod (16), a supporting rod (17), a positioning seat (18), a limiting groove (19), a positioning clamping plate (20), a sliding seat (21), a sliding rail (22), a first electromagnet (24), a supporting spring (25) and two guide rods (26); The upper surface of the base plate (10) is symmetrically provided with four slide grooves (11); the four limit seats (12) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate (10); the drive plate (14) is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the base plate (10) via the drive rod (13); one end of the L-shaped connecting rod (16) is rotatably connected to the drive plate (14); the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod (16) is fixedly connected to the support rod (17); the top end of the support rod (17) is rotatably connected to the slider (15); The limiting groove (19) is formed on the upper surface of the positioning seat (18), the positioning clamping plate (20) is fixedly connected to the sliding seat (21), the positioning seat (18) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the base plate (10) through the sliding rail (22), the first electromagnet (24) is embedded in the lower surface of the sliding seat (21), the supporting spring (25) is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (26), and the guide rod (26) is slidably connected to the inside of the positioning seat (18).

2. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the limiting seat (12) corresponds to the position of the sliding groove (11), the sliding block (15) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limiting seat (12), and the support rod (17) is located inside the sliding groove (11).

3. The auxiliary positioning mechanism for a CNC machine tool workpiece according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning seat (18) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding block (15), the positioning seat (18) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the limiting seat (12), and the sliding seat (21) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limiting groove (19).

4. The auxiliary positioning mechanism for a CNC machine tool workpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the guide rod (26) is fixedly connected to a side of the sliding seat (21) away from the positioning clamp (20), one end of the support spring (25) abuts against the inner side wall of the limiting groove (19), and the other end of the support spring (25) abuts against a side of the sliding seat (21) away from the positioning clamp (20).

5. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit assembly (301) is provided below the driving disk (14), and the limit assembly (301) comprises a base (31), a rotating disk (32), a driving ring (33), a guide plate (34), a second electromagnet (35), a limit spring (36), a limit rod (37), a guide sleeve (38) and a limit disk (39); The rotating disk (32) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving rod (13), the driving ring (33) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating disk (32), the guide sleeve (38) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (31), the limiting disk (39) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide sleeve (38), the limiting spring (36) is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve (38), the guide plate (34) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limiting disk (39), the limiting rod (37) is slidably connected to the inside of the guide plate (34), and the second electromagnet (35) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (31).

6. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the limiting rod (37) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (31), the upper surface of the limiting plate (39) is meshingly connected to the lower surface of the rotating plate (32), the guide sleeve (38) is sleeved on the outside of the driving rod (13), and the bottom end of the driving rod (13) is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the base (31).

7. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top end of the limit spring (36) abuts against the lower surface of the limit plate (39), the bottom end of the limit spring (36) abuts against the upper surface of the base (31), and the position of the second electromagnet (35) corresponds to the position of the limit plate (39).

8. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixing rod (40) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (31), the top end of the fixing rod (40) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate (10), and a control switch (41) is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (10).

9. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrical ends of the control switch (41) are electrically connected to the electrical ends of the first electromagnet (24) and the second electromagnet (35), respectively.

10. A method for auxiliary positioning of a workpiece of a CNC machine tool, applied to the auxiliary positioning mechanism of a workpiece of a CNC machine tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Place the workpiece on the base plate, prepare for the subsequent clamping and positioning operation, turn the drive ring, and start clamping and positioning the workpiece; Step 2: The driving ring drives the rotating disk to rotate, and the rotating disk transmits power; Step 3: The rotating disk drives the driving disk to rotate through the driving rod, and the driving disk drives the four L-shaped connecting rods to move. The four L-shaped connecting rods are linked, and the L-shaped connecting rods drive the slider to slide in the limit seat through the support rod; Step 4: The slider drives the positioning seat to move, and the positioning seat drives the positioning clamping plate through the sliding seat. The four positioning clamping plates move closer to the center of the bottom plate to form a preliminary clamping of the workpiece; Step 5: According to the shape and size of the workpiece, the support spring is adaptively compressed, and the four positioning clamps are tightly fitted to the four sides of the workpiece; Step 6: The first electromagnet works, the sliding seat and the positioning seat are adsorbed and fixed, the position of the positioning clamp is fixed, and the workpiece will not move during the processing; Step 7: The second electromagnet is powered off, and the limit plate moves upward under the push of the limit spring. The limit plate engages with the rotating plate to limit the position of the rotating plate. The entire clamping and positioning mechanism is stable and the workpiece is positioned.

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