Preparation and application of compound preparation for regulating and controlling areca flower bud differentiation

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound preparation for regulating and controlling areca flower bud differentiation and application thereof, which is characterized in that a high-carbon-nitrogen-ratio nutrition formula (potassium phosphite, chelated boron, zinc, calcium and the like) and endogenous hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid and the like) have a synergistic effect and are combined with a stabilization process (organic silicon additive and anti-crystallization treatment). The areca flower bud differentiation rate is increased from about 21% to 90% or above, flowering is advanced by 7-10, and the average yield is increased by 300% or above. The technology is suitable for tropical areca-nut planting areas and has the advantages of being efficient, low in residue and environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the preparation and application of a composite preparation for regulating areca flower bud differentiation. Background Art

[0002] Areca catechu L., as a tropical economic crop with both food and medicinal uses, has a flowering period concentrated from March to August under traditional cultivation modes. To improve economic benefits, potassium dihydrogen phosphate nutritional regulation or exogenous hormone treatment technologies are often used in production practice to advance the flowering period to January - February. It should be noted that the flower bud differentiation rate and the proportion of female flowers are key indicators determining yield. Although the traditional potassium dihydrogen phosphate nutritional regulation method can induce flowering, it has the problem of low efficiency (differentiation rate < 30%).

[0003] Recent studies have shown that highly efficient induction of areca flower bud differentiation must simultaneously meet three core physiological conditions: firstly, it is necessary to construct a high carbon - nitrogen ratio environment (C / N > 50); secondly, key endogenous hormones (ethylene, abscisic acid, calmodulin, and salicylic acid) need to accumulate to specific thresholds; thirdly, it is necessary to maintain the critical concentrations of mineral elements such as phosphorus, potassium, boron, zinc, and calcium. When the above elements are coordinately regulated, significant effects such as a flowering rate exceeding 90% and a yield increase of more than 300% can be achieved. However, the existing technical system still has three key defects: there is no systematic integration of a dynamic nutritional supply regulation mechanism, a precise activation strategy for endogenous hormones, and a molecular pathway targeted regulation technology, resulting in significant fluctuations in the flower induction efficiency (coefficient of variation > 30%). Our company has successfully broken through this key technical bottleneck through years of technical research. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide the preparation and application of a composite preparation for regulating areca flower bud differentiation, and the purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention designs a composite preparation, which contains the following components (by weight percentage): potassium phosphite 18% - 22%, chelated trace elements 8% - 10%, glucose 9% - 11%, abscisic acid 15 - 25 ppm, salicylic acid 25 - 35 ppm, organosilicon adjuvant 0.02 - 0.03%, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.1 - 0.2%. 2. Preparation Method

[0005] (1) Step - by - step dissolution: Dissolve potassium phosphite in deionized water at 48°C - 52°C, and sequentially add chelated trace elements and glucose and stir until completely dissolved; (2) Addition of active substances: Dilute abscisic acid and salicylic acid in proportion and add them to the mixed solution; (3) Stabilization treatment: Add organosilicon adjuvant and polyvinylpyrrolidone (anti - crystallization agent), seal and store in the dark, and the validity period is 24 months. 3. Application Method

[0006] (1) Application timing: 50 - 60 days before the physiological differentiation of flower buds (November - December in the southern part of Hainan, and January - February in the northern part).

[0007] (2) Application method: Dilute with 1500 - 2000 times of water, irrigate 15 - 20 kg per single plant, once every 15 days, repeat 3 - 4 times; (3) Environmental requirements: Apply under natural light and temperature conditions with soil water content of 50% - 80% and air temperature of 16 - 36°C.

[0008] Metabolic regulation: Activate the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway through a high C / N ratio (>50), increase POD activity by 35% - 50%, increase soluble sugar accumulation by 62% - 175%, and promote the synthesis of ethylene and abscisic acid to enter the flower bud differentiation state.

[0009] (2) Molecular induction: Up - regulate the expression level of FT - like gene by 3.5 - 5.0 times, inhibit the signal pathways of gibberellin (GA) and auxin (IAA), and promote the differentiation of floral primordia.

[0010] (3) Safety: Minerals and plant endogenous substances, which are the requirements of the crop itself and meet the food safety standards.

[0011] (4) Compatibility: Avoid mixing with copper preparations. Under natural climate conditions, it can be applied throughout the year according to production requirements.

[0012] (5) Economic benefits: The yield per single plant increases by 60% year - on - year, and the average income per mu increases by more than 30,000 yuan.

[0013] The compound preparation and its application for regulating areca nut flower bud differentiation of the present invention, through the synergistic effect of a high carbon - nitrogen ratio nutritional formula (potassium phosphite, chelated boron, zinc, calcium, etc.) and endogenous hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid, etc.), combined with a stabilization process (organic silicon adjuvant, anti - crystallization treatment), achieve that the areca nut flower bud differentiation rate is increased from about 21% to over 90%, the flowering is advanced by 7 - 10 days, and the average yield is increased by over 300%. Specific Embodiments

[0014] The following is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with embodiments: Examples of the preparation and application of the compound preparation for regulating areca nut flower bud differentiation: a.. A compound preparation for synergistically regulating areca nut flower bud differentiation based on the carbon - nitrogen ratio, the compound preparation contains the following components (by weight percentage): (1) Nutrients: 20% potassium phosphite, 9% chelated medium and trace elements, 10% glucose; (2) Regulatory substances: 20 ppm abscisic acid, 30 ppm salicylic acid (3) Functional additives: 0.02% of silicone additives and 0.1% of polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0015] (For the convenience of promotion and comparison, the composite preparation components used in the following examples are the above values) Stepwise dissolution of nutrients, gradient dilution of active substances and anti-crystallization process.

[0016] (1) Stepwise dissolution: Dissolve potassium phosphite in deionized water at 50°C, and sequentially add chelated trace elements and glucose and stir until completely dissolved; (2) Addition of active substances: Dilute abscisic acid and salicylic acid in proportion and add them to the mixed solution; (3) Stabilization treatment: Add silicone additives and polyvinylpyrrolidone (anti-crystallization agent), seal and store in the dark, and the validity period is 24 months. c. Application method

[0017] (1) Application timing: 50 - 60 days before the physiological differentiation of flower buds (December in the southern part of Hainan, January - February in the northern part).

[0018] (2) Application method: Dilute with 1500 - 2000 times of water, irrigate 15 - 20 kg per single plant, once every 15 days, and repeat 3 times.

[0019] (3) Environmental requirements: Apply under the conditions of soil water content of 60% - 80%, air temperature of 16 - 36°C, and natural light and temperature.

[0020] Dilute with 1500 times of water, and start applying 60 days before the flower bud differentiation of areca nut, for 3 consecutive times; Field test results:

[0021] Treatment group: Prepare the composite preparation according to the above formula and method, and dilute the composite preparation with 1500 times of water. Start applying 60 days before the flower bud differentiation of areca nut, for 3 consecutive times; Control group: Dilute conventional potassium dihydrogen phosphate with 1000 times of water, and start applying 60 days before the flower bud differentiation of areca nut, for 3 consecutive times; Field test results:

[0022] Treatment group: Prepare the composite preparation according to the above formula and method, and dilute the composite preparation with 1500 times of water. Start applying 60 days before the flower bud differentiation of areca nut, for 3 consecutive times; Control group: Dilute conventional potassium dihydrogen phosphate with 1000 times of water, and start applying 60 days before the flower bud differentiation of areca nut, for 3 consecutive times; Field test results:

[0023] Treatment group: Prepare the compound preparation according to the above formula and method, and dilute the compound preparation with 1500 times of water. Start applying it 60 days before the areca nut flower bud differentiation, and apply it continuously for 3 times; Control group: Dilute conventional potassium dihydrogen phosphate with 1000 times of water, start applying it 60 days before the areca nut flower bud differentiation, and apply it continuously for 3 times; Field test results:

[0024] Treatment group: Prepare the compound preparation according to the above formula and method, and dilute the compound preparation with 1500 times of water. Start applying it 60 days before the areca nut flower bud differentiation, and apply it continuously for 3 times; Control group: Dilute conventional potassium dihydrogen phosphate with 1000 times of water, start applying it 60 days before the areca nut flower bud differentiation, and apply it continuously for 3 times; Field test results:

[0025] The preparation and application of the above compound preparation for regulating areca nut flower bud differentiation are specifically carried out without destroying the novelty state of the present invention; the described embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any simplification or equivalent change based on the technical solution of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] It has been proved by experiments that the present invention has novelty, creativity and practicality (see the attached proof).

Claims

1. A composite preparation for regulating the differentiation of betel nut flower buds, characterized in that: The compound preparation comprises the following components: Potassium phosphite 18%-22%, chelated trace elements 8%-10%, glucose 9%-11%, abscisic acid 15-25ppm, salicylic acid 25-35ppm, silicone additive 0.02-0.03%, polyvinyl pyrrolidone 0.1-0.2%.

2. The composite formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that The compound preparation comprises the following components: (1) Nutrients: potassium phosphite 20%, chelated trace elements 9%, glucose 10%; (2) Regulating substances: abscisic acid 20ppm, salicylic acid 30ppm (3) Functional additives: 0.02% silicone additive, 0.1% polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

3. The method for preparing the composite formulation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite formulation is as follows: Including step-by-step dissolution, gradient dilution of active substances and anti-crystallization process: (1) Step-by-step dissolution: Dissolve potassium phosphite in 48°C-52°C deionized water, add chelated trace elements and glucose in sequence and stir until completely dissolved; (2) Adding active substances: dilute abscisic acid and salicylic acid in proportion and add them to the mixture; (3) Stabilization treatment: Add silicone additives and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (anti-crystallization agent), seal and store away from light. The shelf life is 24 months.

4. The method for applying the composite preparation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: (1) Timing of application: 55 to 60 days before physiological differentiation of betel nut flower buds; (2) Application method: dilute with water 1500-2000 times, irrigate each plant with 15-25 kg, once every 15 days, repeat 3-4 times; (3) Environmental requirements: Application under soil moisture content of 60% to 80%, temperature of 16 to 36°C, and natural light and temperature conditions.

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