Integrated intelligent water and fertilizer integrated device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural irrigation devices, particularly relates to an integrated intelligent water and fertilizer integrated device, and aims to solve the problems that an existing device is relatively low in granular fertilizer dissolving efficiency and cannot realize dynamic filtering adjustment of a water body. A water body filtering assembly, a fertilizer conveying all-in-one machine and a water and fertilizer mixing barrel are arranged in the integrated compartment, so that the device is compact in structure and convenient to move, field assembly during use is not needed, and the water and fertilizer mixing device is convenient to use. The maneuverability and the operation convenience of the device can be greatly improved, and during use, the pumped water body is filtered through the water body filtering assembly, and the required fertilizer is quantitatively conveyed through the fertilizer conveying all-in-one machine, so that accurate proportioning and mixing of the water and the fertilizer can be realized, and different use requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a water and fertilizer integration device, specifically an integrated intelligent water and fertilizer integration device, belonging to the technical field of agricultural irrigation devices. Background Art

[0002] The modernization of agriculture requires the improvement of the mechanization, automation, and intelligent level of agricultural production. In modern agriculture, the water and fertilizer integration technology, as an important means to increase crop yields and optimize resource utilization, has been widely applied. With the rapid development of global agriculture towards intensification and intelligence, the water and fertilizer integration technology has become one of the core technologies of modern agriculture due to its characteristics of high water conservation and precise fertilization. By combining irrigation and fertilization, this technology significantly improves the utilization rate of water and fertilizers, which is of great significance for alleviating water resource shortages and reducing non-point source pollution. However, there are still significant technical bottlenecks in the fertilizer adaptability, filtration efficiency, and intelligent control of traditional water and fertilizer systems, which restrict their large-scale application in complex agricultural scenarios.

[0003] In the prior art, a water-fertilizer ratio regulation device for integrated water and fertilizer, as disclosed in the publication number CN111760475A, includes a feeding mechanism. A bent pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the feeding mechanism, and a dissolution barrel is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the bent pipe. The bent pipe is internally communicated with the dissolution barrel. Four through slots penetrating left and right are formed on the circumferential surface of the dissolution barrel, and blocking mechanisms are inserted into the interiors of the four through slots. A liquid outlet pipe communicated with its interior is fixedly inserted at the center position of the upper surface of the dissolution barrel, and a sealing barrel is sleeved outside the dissolution barrel. By providing the feeding mechanism, the dissolution barrel, the sealing barrel, the blocking mechanism, and the U-shaped connecting pipe, the effects of accurately controlling the water-fertilizer ratio and relatively quickly and fully dissolving fertilizers are achieved, and the problems that in the prior art, the mixing of the integrated water and fertilizer device is not accurate enough and the efficiency is low when used in large areas are solved. However, this device directly conveys granular fertilizers into the dissolution barrel and then mixes them with water to prepare a water-fertilizer solution. Since the granular fertilizers need to go through multiple processes such as crushing and dissolution to achieve complete dissolution, it takes a long time and cannot meet the immediate fertilizer preparation needs of large-scale farms. According to the research of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (2021), the pretreatment link of granular fertilizers accounts for more than 35% of the overall fertilization operation time, which greatly affects the efficiency of the entire process of water-fertilizer irrigation. Moreover, if the dissolution time is insufficient, it is likely to cause incomplete dissolution, and the undissolved particles are likely to block the drip irrigation tape, resulting in local seedling burning or fertilization blank areas. The investigation by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences shows that the uneven application degree of traditional granular fertilizers is as high as ±25%, which seriously restricts the fertilizer efficiency. Another example is a water-fertilizer integrated irrigation device disclosed in the publication number CN115299235A, which includes a moving seat body, a water-fertilizer preparation device, a pressing type grinding device, a double-axis scissor type telescopic device, and a control system. It can automatically take materials and water, grind the chemical fertilizer particles and then conduct water conveyance and dissolution, improving the dissolution efficiency, increasing the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, and realizing the integration of water and fertilizer. Although this device adopts the measure of grinding and pulverizing the granular fertilizers and then conducting water conveyance and dissolution to improve the dissolution efficiency, the water temperature during the dissolution of granular fertilizers is not accurately controlled. The water temperature between 30 - 50°C can make the dissolution speed of most water-soluble fertilizers such as potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate the fastest. However, directly dissolving the fertilizers with the water pumped will be affected by the change of the external environmental temperature, thereby affecting the actual dissolution rate, and further making it impossible for the operator to accurately grasp whether the fertilizers are completely dissolved. In addition, the existing devices target a relatively single type of fertilizer, and there is a filtering structure designed for the water body for preparing the water-fertilizer solution. However, a single filtering method cannot achieve thorough filtration of the water body. If a filtering structure with a smaller pore diameter is adopted, since the pore diameter is fixed, it cannot perform corresponding filtering adjustment according to different water quality conditions and cannot achieve dynamic filtering adjustment of the water body. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an integrated intelligent water and fertilizer integration device to solve the problems of low efficiency of dissolving granular fertilizers in existing devices and inability to achieve dynamic filtration and regulation of water bodies.

[0005] The present invention realizes the above object through the following technical solutions: An integrated intelligent water and fertilizer integration device, comprising an integrated carriage, in which a water body filtration component, a fertilizer conveying and integrating machine, and a water and fertilizer mixing barrel are arranged; The water body filtration component includes a centrifugal filter and an automatic mesh filter. One side at the bottom end of the centrifugal filter is communicated with a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is connected with a filter screen assembly, the automatic mesh filter is connected to the upper end of the centrifugal filter, and the automatic mesh filter is communicated with the water and fertilizer mixing barrel; The filter screen assembly includes a variable-diameter filter screen. An air vent cavity is formed inside the screen body of the variable-diameter filter screen. Filter holes are formed on both side surfaces of the screen body of the variable-diameter filter screen. A plurality of elastic silica gel tubes are arranged in the air vent cavity, and the elastic silica gel tubes are connected between two opposite filter holes; The fertilizer conveying and integrating machine is internally provided with a granular fertilizer storage tank, a liquid fertilizer storage tank, and a constant-temperature warm water tank. The discharge end of the granular fertilizer storage tank is communicated with a crushing box. A warm water conveying pipe is communicated between the crushing box and the constant-temperature warm water tank. The liquid fertilizer storage tank and the discharge end of the crushing box are both communicated with the water and fertilizer mixing barrel.

[0006] As a further scheme of the present invention: The integrated carriage includes a carriage and a bottom plate. The carriage is fixedly connected above the bottom plate. The bottom plate is fixedly connected with a water body filtration component, a fertilizer conveying and integrating machine, and a water and fertilizer mixing barrel on the plate body inside the carriage. Rolling wheels are rotatably connected to both sides at the bottom of the bottom plate, and a traction pull rod is connected to one end of the bottom plate.

[0007] As a further scheme of the present invention: A carriage door and a ventilation window are movably connected to one side edge of the carriage. A maintenance window is movably connected to the carriage wall at one end of the carriage. Moreover, a maintenance toolbox and a ladder are fixedly connected to the carriage wall at this end of the carriage. A solar panel and a vehicle-mounted air conditioner are fixedly connected to the top of the carriage. A seat is fixedly connected to the plate body inside the carriage on the bottom plate.

[0008] As a further scheme of the present invention: The filter screen assembly further includes a filter screen outer tube and a water quality turbidity sensor. The filter screen outer tube is fixedly connected coaxially with the pipe body of the water inlet pipe. The water quality turbidity sensor and the variable-diameter filter screen are both fixedly installed inside the filter screen outer tube, and the installation position of the water quality turbidity sensor is close to the pipe orifice end of the water inlet pipe; An air pump is also fixedly connected to the bottom plate. The installation position of the air pump is on one side of the centrifugal filter. An air delivery pipe is communicated between the air pump and the air vent cavity of the variable-diameter filter screen.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the filtered water outlet end of the automatic mesh filter is connected to a water delivery pipe, and the other end of the water delivery pipe is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing barrel. The automatic mesh filter is also connected to a backwash pipe, and the other end of the backwash pipe is arranged outside the carriage. Opening and closing solenoid valves are connected to the pipe bodies of the water delivery pipe and the backwash pipe respectively.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the bottom end of the centrifugal filter is connected to a sand storage tank, and one end of the sand storage tank is connected to a sewage discharge pipe, and the other end of the sewage discharge pipe is arranged outside the carriage.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a partition board, a storage battery and a controller are arranged inside the fertilizer conveying and integrating machine. The installation positions of the storage battery and the controller are below the partition board. The controller is in signal transmission connection with each electrical component, and the storage battery is electrically connected to each electrical component. The installation positions of the granular fertilizer storage tank, the liquid fertilizer storage tank and the constant temperature warm water tank are all above the partition board, and the constant temperature warm water tank is fixedly connected to the upper plate surface of the partition board. A fixed plate is also fixedly connected inside the fertilizer conveying and integrating machine, and the tank bodies of the granular fertilizer storage tank and the liquid fertilizer storage tank are fixedly sleeved on the fixed plate.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a vibrator is fixedly connected to the tank wall of the granular fertilizer storage tank. The bottom end of the granular fertilizer storage tank is connected to a screw weighing feeder. The material output end of the screw weighing feeder is communicated with a crushing box. Two crushing tooth rollers are rotatably connected inside the crushing box, and the two crushing tooth rollers are meshed and connected. A crushing motor is fixedly connected to the box wall of the crushing box, and the rotating shaft of the crushing motor is fixedly connected coaxially with one of the crushing tooth rollers. A fertilizer conveying pipe is arranged between the fertilizer conveying and integrating machine and the water-fertilizer mixing barrel. The bottom end of the liquid fertilizer storage tank is communicated with a liquid fertilizer output pipe. The bottom end of the crushing box and the bottom end of the liquid fertilizer output pipe are both communicated with one end of the fertilizer conveying pipe. The other end of the fertilizer conveying pipe is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing barrel. A liquid fertilizer conveying solenoid valve and a flow meter are installed on the pipe body of the liquid fertilizer output pipe, and a fertilizer conveying pump is installed on the pipe body of the fertilizer conveying pipe.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: one end of the warm water conveying pipe is communicated with the top of the crushing box, the other end of the warm water conveying pipe is inserted into the bottom end inside the constant temperature warm water tank. A warm water conveying pump is installed on the pipe body of the warm water conveying pipe, and the pump body of the warm water conveying pump is fixedly connected to the top of the constant temperature warm water tank. A constant temperature electric heating plate is embedded in the inner bottom of the constant temperature warm water tank.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: at the bottom end of the outer wall of the water-fertilizer mixing barrel, there is a water-fertilizer output pipe connected, and the other end of the water-fertilizer output pipe is arranged outside the carriage. At the top of the water-fertilizer mixing barrel, there is a stirring motor fixedly connected. Inside the water-fertilizer mixing barrel, there is a stirring rotating rod vertically connected, and the rotating shaft of the stirring motor is fixedly connected coaxially with the stirring rotating rod. On the rod body of the stirring rotating rod, there are several stirring blades connected in a staggered manner. Inside the water-fertilizer mixing barrel, there is also a water level gauge vertically connected.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention is provided with an integrated carriage, and inside the integrated carriage, there are a water body filtering component, a fertilizer conveying integrated machine, and a water-fertilizer mixing barrel. By integrating the water body filtering component, the fertilizer conveying integrated machine, and the water-fertilizer mixing barrel inside the integrated carriage, the device structure can be made compact and it is convenient to move. There is no need for on-site assembly during use, which can greatly improve the mobility and operation convenience of the device. And during use, the water body filtering component filters the extracted water body, and the fertilizer conveying integrated machine quantitatively conveys the required fertilizer, that is, it can achieve precise proportioning and mixing of water and fertilizer to meet different usage requirements; 2. The water body filtering component provided by the present invention includes a centrifugal filter, an automatic mesh filter, and a filter screen component. The filter screen component filters the extracted water body at the primary level, then passes through the centrifugal filter for secondary filtering, and then through the automatic mesh filter for tertiary filtering, that is, it can achieve multi-stage filtering of the water body to ensure that the thoroughly filtered water body is conveyed into the water-fertilizer mixing barrel to avoid impurities in the configured water-fertilizer solution; 3. The filter screen component provided by the present invention includes a variable-diameter filter screen, an air vent cavity, filter holes, and an elastic silica gel tube. The elastic silica gel tube is connected between two opposite filter holes. The elastic silica gel tube forms an inter-hole channel between the two filter holes, and by introducing gas into the air vent cavity, the elastic silica gel tube can be deformed, and then the inter-hole channel between the two filter holes can be adjusted. The size of the inter-hole channel can be adjusted according to the actual turbidity of the water body, realizing dynamic adaptive adjustment of the filtering precision. When the water quality is relatively clear, the aperture of the inter-hole channel can be increased, and only rough filtering of weeds and the like in the water body is required, which is beneficial to the rapid suction of the water body. When the water quality is relatively turbid, the aperture of the inter-hole channel can be reduced to achieve fine filtering of impurity particles in the water body. Furthermore, the water body entering the centrifugal filter and the automatic mesh filter contains less debris, which can improve the filtering effect of the centrifugal filter and the automatic mesh filter. The variable-diameter filter screen provided breaks through the limitation of the fixed aperture of the traditional filter element, and can significantly improve the adaptability to different water qualities such as sediment, algae, and organic matter; 4. The fertilizer conveying and mixing machine of the present invention is provided with a granular fertilizer storage tank, a liquid fertilizer storage tank and a constant-temperature warm water tank. The discharge end of the granular fertilizer storage tank is connected to a pulverizing box. According to specific usage requirements, granular fertilizer, liquid fertilizer or fertilizers to be mixed can be respectively mixed with water, which can broaden the application scope of the device. For the conveyed granular fertilizer, it can be pulverized by the pulverizing box before being mixed with water, and while pulverizing, warm water is introduced to melt the pulverized fertilizer particles, so that when mixed with water subsequently, the granular fertilizer can be more efficiently and evenly mixed with water. Moreover, the introduced warm water can also ensure that part of the powder adhering to the pulverizing box is flushed and conveyed into the water-fertilizer mixing bucket, which can ensure the accuracy of the addition of granular fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the carriage of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water filtering component of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the filter screen component of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the variable-diameter filter screen of the present invention; Figure 6 is of the present invention Figure 5 structural schematic diagram at position A; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fertilizer conveying and mixing machine of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the constant-temperature warm water tank of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the granular fertilizer storage tank and the pulverizing box of the present invention; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pulverizing box of the present invention; Figure 11 is a schematic top cross-sectional structure diagram of the pulverizing box of the present invention; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid fertilizer storage tank of the present invention; Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the water-fertilizer mixing bucket of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Carriage; 11. Compartment door; 12. Ventilation window; 13. Maintenance toolbox; 14. Maintenance window; 15. Ladder; 16. Solar panel; 17. Vehicle-mounted air conditioner; 2. Bottom plate; 21. Traction rod; 22. Roller; 23. Seat; 3. Centrifugal filter; 31. Water inlet pipe; 32. Filter screen assembly; 321. Outer filter screen pipe; 322. Water quality turbidity sensor; 323. Reducing filter screen; 324. Ventilation cavity; 325. Filter hole; 326. Elastic silica gel tube; 33. Air pump; 34. Air delivery pipe; 4. Automatic mesh filter; 41. Water delivery pipe; 42. Backwash pipe; 43. On-off solenoid valve; 5. Sand storage tank; 51. Drain pipe; 6. Fertilizer conveying and integrating machine; 61. Fertilizer conveying pipe; 62. Partition board; 63. Fixed plate; 64. Granular fertilizer storage tank; 65. Liquid fertilizer storage tank; 66. Screw weighing feeder; 67. Crushing box; 68. Constant temperature water tank; 69. Warm water delivery pipe; 610. Liquid fertilizer output pipe; 611. Fertilizer delivery pump; 612. Constant temperature electric heating plate; 613. Warm water delivery pump; 614. Liquid fertilizer delivery solenoid valve; 615. Flow meter; 616. Vibrator; 617. Crushing tooth roller; 618. Crushing motor; 7. Water and fertilizer mixing barrel; 71. Water and fertilizer output pipe; 72. Stirring motor; 73. Stirring rod; 74. Stirring blade; 75. Water level gauge; 8. Battery; 9. Controller. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1 As Figures 1 to 13 shown, an integrated intelligent water and fertilizer integration device includes an integrated carriage. A water body filtering component, a fertilizer conveying and integrating machine 6, and a water and fertilizer mixing barrel 7 are arranged in the integrated carriage. By integrating the water body filtering component, the fertilizer conveying and integrating machine 6, and the water and fertilizer mixing barrel 7 in the integrated carriage, the device structure can be made compact and it is convenient to move. There is no need for on-site assembly during use, which can greatly improve the mobility and operation convenience of the device. And during use, the water body filtering component filters the extracted water body, and the fertilizer conveying and integrating machine 6 quantitatively conveys the required fertilizer, that is, it can achieve precise preparation and mixing of water and fertilizer to meet different use requirements; The water filtration component includes a centrifugal filter 3 and an automatic mesh filter 4. One side at the bottom end of the centrifugal filter 3 is communicated with a water inlet pipe 31, the water inlet pipe 31 is connected with a filter mesh assembly 32, the automatic mesh filter 4 is connected to the upper end of the centrifugal filter 3, and the automatic mesh filter 4 is communicated with the water and fertilizer mixing tank 7. Through the arranged filter mesh assembly 32, the extracted water body is subjected to primary filtration, then through the centrifugal filter 3 for secondary filtration, and then through the automatic mesh filter 4 for tertiary filtration, so as to realize multi-stage filtration of the water body, ensure that the thoroughly filtered water body is transported into the water and fertilizer mixing tank 7, and avoid impurities in the configured water and fertilizer solution; The filter mesh assembly 32 includes a variable-diameter filter mesh 323. An air vent cavity 324 is arranged inside the mesh body of the variable-diameter filter mesh 323. Filter holes 325 are arranged on both side surfaces of the mesh body of the variable-diameter filter mesh 323. A number of elastic silica gel tubes 326 are arranged in the air vent cavity 324, and the elastic silica gel tubes 326 are connected between two opposite filter holes 325. Through the arranged elastic silica gel tubes 326, an inter-hole channel is formed between the two filter holes 325, and by introducing gas into the air vent cavity 324, the elastic silica gel tubes 326 can be deformed, so that the inter-hole channel between the two filter holes 325 can be adjusted. The size of the inter-hole channel can be adjusted according to the actual turbidity of the water body, realizing dynamic adaptive adjustment of the filtration accuracy. When the water quality is relatively clear, the aperture of the inter-hole channel can be increased, and only coarse filtration of weeds and the like in the water body is required, which is beneficial to the rapid suction of the water body. When the water quality is relatively turbid, the aperture of the inter-hole channel can be reduced to realize fine filtration of impurity particles in the water body, so that the water body entering the centrifugal filter 3 and the automatic mesh filter 4 contains less debris, and the filtration effect of the centrifugal filter 3 and the automatic mesh filter 4 can be improved. Through the arranged variable-diameter filter mesh 323, the limitation of the fixed aperture of the traditional filter element is broken through, and the adaptability to different water qualities such as sediment, algae, and organic matter can be significantly improved; The fertilizer delivery integrated machine 6 is provided with a granular fertilizer storage tank 64, a liquid fertilizer storage tank 65 and a constant-temperature warm water tank 68. The discharge end of the granular fertilizer storage tank 64 is communicated with a pulverizing box 67. A warm water delivery pipe 69 is communicated between the pulverizing box 67 and the constant-temperature warm water tank 68. The liquid fertilizer storage tank 65 and the discharge end of the pulverizing box 67 are both communicated with the water and fertilizer mixing tank 7. According to specific usage requirements, granular fertilizer, liquid fertilizer or fertilizers to be mixed can be respectively mixed with water, so that the application range of the device is wider. For the transported granular fertilizer, it can be pulverized by the pulverizing box 67 before being mixed with water, and at the same time of pulverization, warm water is introduced to melt the pulverized fertilizer particles, so that when mixed with water subsequently, the granular fertilizer can be more efficiently and evenly mixed with water, and the introduced warm water can also ensure that part of the powder adhering to the inside of the pulverizing box 67 is washed and transported into the water and fertilizer mixing tank 7, so as to ensure the accuracy of granular fertilizer addition.

[0020] Example 2 Improved based on Example 1: As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the integrated carriage includes a carriage 1 and a bottom plate 2. The carriage 1 is fixedly connected above the bottom plate 2. A water body filtering component, a fertilizer conveying and integrating machine 6, and a water and fertilizer mixing barrel 7 are fixedly connected to the plate body of the bottom plate 2 inside the carriage 1. Rolling wheels 22 are rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom of the bottom plate 2. One end of the bottom plate 2 is connected with a towing pull rod 21. The provided carriage 1 can cover the water body filtering component, the fertilizer conveying and integrating machine 6, and the water and fertilizer mixing barrel 7. And the provided towing pull rod 21 can be connected to an external power moving device, such as a tractor, etc. Cooperating with the provided rolling wheels 22 is convenient for movement, greatly improving the mobility of the device.

[0021] Furthermore, a carriage door 11 and a ventilation window 12 are movably connected to one side edge of the carriage 1. An inspection window 14 is movably connected to the carriage wall at one end of the carriage 1. And an inspection tool box 13 and a ladder 15 are fixedly connected to the carriage wall at this end of the carriage 1. A solar panel 16 and a vehicle-mounted air conditioner 17 are fixedly connected to the top of the carriage 1. A seat 23 is fixedly connected to the plate body of the bottom plate 2 inside the carriage 1. When using the device, by opening the carriage door 11, the staff can rest inside the carriage 1. The provided ventilation window 12, vehicle-mounted air conditioner 17, and seat 23 can improve the comfort of the staff. And the provided inspection tool box 13 can place various tools required for maintenance. And the staff can open the inspection window 14 to maintain some internal devices, which is convenient for operation. And the provided ladder 15 is convenient for the staff to climb to the top of the carriage 1 to maintain the solar panel 16 and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 17. At the same time, power can be generated through the provided solar panel 16 to assist in powering the electrical components of the device with the electric energy generated by solar energy, having a certain energy-saving effect.

[0022] As Figures 2 to 6 shown, the filter screen assembly 32 further includes a filter screen outer tube 321 and a water quality turbidity sensor 322. The filter screen outer tube 321 is fixedly connected coaxially with the pipe body of the water inlet pipe 31. The water quality turbidity sensor 322 and the variable-diameter filter screen 323 are both fixedly installed inside the filter screen outer tube 321. And the installation position of the water quality turbidity sensor 322 is close to the pipe orifice end of the water inlet pipe 31. When water passes through the water inlet pipe 31 and is conveyed to the centrifugal filter 3, the water will first pass through the water quality turbidity sensor 322, and then the turbidity of the water body can be detected, and the aperture of the pore channels of the variable-diameter filter screen 323 can be adjusted accordingly according to the detected turbidity of the water body; A gas pump 33 is also fixedly connected to the bottom plate 2. The installation position of the gas pump 33 is on one side of the centrifugal filter 3. A gas transmission pipe 34 is connected between the gas pump 33 and the ventilation cavity 324 of the variable-diameter filter screen 323, so that when the gas pump 33 is started, gas can be introduced into the ventilation cavity 324 through the gas transmission pipe 34 or the gas in the ventilation cavity 324 can be discharged, that is, the deformation adjustment of the elastic silica gel tube 326 can be realized.

[0023] Further, the filtered water outlet of the automatic mesh filter 4 is connected to a water transmission pipe 41, and the other end of the water transmission pipe 41 is connected to the water and fertilizer mixing barrel 7. The automatic mesh filter 4 is also connected to a backwash pipe 42, and the other end of the backwash pipe 42 is arranged outside the carriage 1. Opening and closing solenoid valves 43 are connected to the pipe bodies of the water transmission pipe 41 and the backwash pipe 42. Through the arranged water transmission pipe 41, the water body after three-stage filtration treatment can be transported to the water and fertilizer mixing barrel 7, and the arranged backwash pipe 42 can access the externally provided cleaning water to realize the backwash cleaning of the automatic mesh filter 4. And because the centrifugal filter 3 is connected below the automatic mesh filter 4, the backwash cleaning of the centrifugal filter 3 can be further realized. And the arranged opening and closing solenoid valves 43 can respectively control the opening and closing of the water transmission pipe 41 and the backwash pipe 42 to realize the non-interference between the transportation process and the backwash cleaning process.

[0024] The bottom end of the centrifugal filter 3 is connected to a sand storage tank 5. One end of the sand storage tank 5 is connected to a sewage discharge pipe 51, and the other end of the sewage discharge pipe 51 is arranged outside the carriage 1. The water body entering the centrifugal filter 3 can, under the action of centrifugal force, separate sundries such as sediment in the water body, and the sundries can be accumulated and collected by the sand storage tank 5 connected to the bottom end. When backwash cleaning is carried out, the sediment accumulated in the sand storage tank 5 can be discharged through the sewage discharge pipe 51. It should be noted that a control valve is installed on the pipe body of the sewage discharge pipe 51 located outside the carriage 1.

[0025] Such as Figure 2 、 Figures 7 to 12As shown, a partition 62, a storage battery 8 and a controller 9 are arranged in the fertilizer conveying integrated machine 6. The installation positions of the storage battery 8 and the controller 9 are below the partition 62. The controller 9 is in signal transmission connection with each electrical component, and the storage battery 8 is in electrical connection with each electrical component. The installation positions of the granular fertilizer storage tank 64, the liquid fertilizer storage tank 65 and the constant temperature warm water tank 68 are all above the partition 62, and the constant temperature warm water tank 68 is fixedly connected to the upper plate surface of the partition 62. A fixing plate 63 is also fixedly connected in the fertilizer conveying integrated machine 6. The tank bodies of the granular fertilizer storage tank 64 and the liquid fertilizer storage tank 65 are fixedly sleeved on the fixing plate 63. The partition 62 divides the interior of the integrated machine into upper and lower cavities, so that different components can be arranged in each cavity respectively to avoid interference. The storage battery 8 provided can provide power to maintain the normal use of the device, and the controller 9 provided can facilitate receiving various detection signals and sending corresponding control signals to realize the intelligent control of the device. The fixing plate 63 provided can fix the installation positions of the granular fertilizer storage tank 64 and the liquid fertilizer storage tank 65.

[0026] Further, a vibrator 616 is fixedly connected to the tank wall of the granular fertilizer storage tank 64. The bottom end of the granular fertilizer storage tank 64 is connected to a screw weighing feeder 66. The material output end of the screw weighing feeder 66 is communicated with a crushing box 67. Two crushing tooth rollers 617 are rotatably connected in the crushing box 67. The two crushing tooth rollers 617 are meshed. A crushing motor 618 is fixedly connected to the box wall of the crushing box 67, and the rotating shaft of the crushing motor 618 is fixedly connected coaxially with one of the crushing tooth rollers 617. The screw weighing feeder 66 provided can convey a fixed amount of granular fertilizer into the crushing box 67. During the conveying process, with the cooperation of the vibrator 616, it can ensure that the granular fertilizer is smoothly conveyed. The granular fertilizer entering the crushing box 67 can be crushed under the meshing action of the two crushing tooth rollers 617 to facilitate the melting of the granular fertilizer. A fertilizer delivery integrated machine 6 and a water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7 are provided with a fertilizer delivery pipe 61. The bottom end of a liquid fertilizer storage tank 65 is communicated with a liquid fertilizer output pipe 610. The bottom ends of a crushing box 67 and the liquid fertilizer output pipe 610 are both communicated at one end of the fertilizer delivery pipe 61. The other end of the fertilizer delivery pipe 61 is communicated with the water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7. A liquid fertilizer delivery solenoid valve 614 and a flowmeter 615 are installed on the pipe body of the liquid fertilizer output pipe 610. A fertilizer delivery pump 611 is installed on the pipe body of the fertilizer delivery pipe 61. Since the liquid fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer storage tank 65 can automatically flow downward through the liquid fertilizer output pipe 610 under the action of its own fluid characteristics, the opening and closing of the liquid fertilizer output pipe 610 are controlled by the provided liquid fertilizer delivery solenoid valve 614, and thus the delivery of the liquid fertilizer can be controlled. The provided flowmeter 615 can accurately measure the delivery volume of the liquid fertilizer, that is, it can ensure that a fixed amount of liquid fertilizer is delivered to the water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7. That is, when the fertilizer delivery pump 611 is started, the delivery of liquid fertilizer or granular fertilizer can be realized to meet different water-fertilizer configuration requirements. It should be noted that the liquid fertilizer output pipe 610 can be set as a bent pipe body, and the flowmeter 615 is vertically connected to the horizontal end pipe body of the liquid fertilizer output pipe 610. The tops of a granular fertilizer storage tank 64 and a liquid fertilizer storage tank 65 are both movably connected with tank covers, and the fertilizers stored in the granular fertilizer storage tank 64 and the liquid fertilizer storage tank 65 are both stored in fixed amounts.

[0027] Further, one end of a warm water delivery pipe 69 is communicated with the top of the crushing box 67, the other end of the warm water delivery pipe 69 is inserted into the bottom end inside a constant temperature warm water tank 68, a warm water delivery pump 613 is installed on the pipe body of the warm water delivery pipe 69, and the pump body of the warm water delivery pump 613 is fixedly connected to the top of the constant temperature warm water tank 68. A constant temperature electric heating plate 612 is embedded in the inner bottom of the constant temperature warm water tank 68 to be able to perform constant temperature heating on the water in the constant temperature warm water tank 68 through the constant temperature electric heating plate 612, so that the water body in the tank is in a constant temperature state. Then, when the granular fertilizer is delivered into the crushing box 67 for crushing, the warm water delivery pump 613 is started simultaneously to deliver warm water into the crushing box 67, that is, it can ensure that the crushed granular fertilizer is pre-stirred and mixed in the crushing box 67 first. When it becomes liquid, it can be easily delivered through the fertilizer delivery pipe 61, and it is also convenient to be quickly and evenly mixed with the water body in the water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7. It should be noted that a water level sensor and a temperature sensor can also be provided in the constant temperature warm water tank 68, and the water temperature in the constant temperature warm water tank 68 is controlled at 30 - 50 °C.

[0028] As Figure 2 and Figure 13As shown in the figure, a water-fertilizer output pipe 71 is connected to the bottom end of the outer wall of the water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7. The other end of the water-fertilizer output pipe 71 is arranged outside the carriage 1. A stirring motor 72 is fixedly connected to the top of the water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7. A stirring rod 73 is vertically connected inside the water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7, and the rotating shaft of the stirring motor 72 is fixedly connected to the stirring rod 73 coaxially. A plurality of stirring blades 74 are staggeredly connected to the rod body of the stirring rod 73. A water level gauge 75 is also vertically connected inside the water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7. By driving the stirring rod 73 to rotate inside the mixing barrel by the provided stirring motor 72, the stirring blades 74 can mix and stir the water-fertilizer in the barrel, so as to improve the mixing rate of the water-fertilizer, and the mixed water-fertilizer can be discharged through the water-fertilizer output pipe 71 to realize the water-fertilizer irrigation of the planted plants. The provided water level gauge 75 can detect the water level in the barrel in real time to ensure the accuracy of the water input into the barrel.

[0029] Working principle: First, move the device to the water-fertilizer irrigation area by an external power pulling device such as a tractor, and connect the water inlet pipe 31 to an external water pumping component such as a water pumping pump. When water passes through the water inlet pipe 31 and is conveyed to the centrifugal filter 3, the water will first pass through the water quality turbidity sensor 322, and then the turbidity of the water can be detected, and the aperture of the inter-hole channel of the variable-diameter filter screen 323 can be adjusted accordingly according to the detected turbidity of the water. When the water quality is relatively clear, the aperture of the inter-hole channel can be increased, and only the weeds in the water need to be roughly filtered, which is beneficial to the rapid suction of the water. When the water quality is relatively turbid, the aperture of the inter-hole channel can be reduced to realize the fine filtration of the impurity particles in the water, so that the water entering the centrifugal filter 3 and the automatic mesh filter 4 contains less impurities, and the filtering effect of the centrifugal filter 3 and the automatic mesh filter 4 can be improved. By setting the variable-diameter filter screen 323, the limitation of the fixed aperture of the traditional filter element is broken, and the adaptability to different water qualities such as sediment, algae, and organic matter can be significantly improved. Then, it passes through the centrifugal filter 3 for secondary filtration, and then passes through the automatic mesh filter 4 for tertiary filtration, that is, the multi-stage filtration of the water can be realized to ensure that the thoroughly filtered water is conveyed into the water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7 to avoid impurities in the configured water-fertilizer solution; According to specific usage requirements, granular fertilizers, liquid fertilizers, or fertilizers that need to be mixed are respectively mixed with water, which can make the device have a wider application range. For the conveyed granular fertilizers, before being mixed with water, the granular fertilizers are first crushed by the crushing box 67, and at the same time, warm water is introduced to melt the crushed fertilizer particles, so that when the granular fertilizers are mixed with water later, the granular fertilizers can be more efficiently and evenly mixed with water, and the introduced warm water can also ensure that part of the powder adhering to the inside of the crushing box 67 is washed and conveyed into the water-fertilizer mixing barrel 7, that is, the accuracy of the addition of granular fertilizers can be ensured; The provided backflush pipe 42 can be connected to the cleaning water of external equipment to achieve the backflush cleaning of the automatic mesh filter 4. Moreover, since the centrifugal filter 3 is connected below the automatic mesh filter 4, the backflush cleaning of the centrifugal filter 3 can be further achieved.

[0030] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

[0031] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An integrated intelligent water-fertilizer integrated device, comprising an integrated carriage, characterized in that: The integrated carriage is provided with a water filtering component, a fertilizer conveying integrated machine (6) and a water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7); The water body filtering assembly comprises a centrifugal filter (3) and an automatic mesh filter (4); one side of the bottom end of the centrifugal filter (3) is connected to a water inlet pipe (31); the water inlet pipe (31) is connected to a filter assembly (32); the automatic mesh filter (4) is connected to the upper end of the centrifugal filter (3); and the automatic mesh filter (4) is connected to a water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7); The filter assembly (32) comprises a variable diameter filter (323), a ventilation cavity (324) is provided inside the mesh of the variable diameter filter (323), filter holes (325) are provided on both sides of the mesh of the variable diameter filter (323), a plurality of elastic silicone tubes (326) are provided in the ventilation cavity (324), and the elastic silicone tubes (326) are connected between two opposite filter holes (325); The fertilizer conveying integrated machine (6) is provided with a granular fertilizer storage tank (64), a liquid fertilizer storage tank (65) and a constant temperature warm water tank (68); the discharge end of the granular fertilizer storage tank (64) is connected to a crushing box (67); a warm water conveying pipe (69) is connected between the crushing box (67) and the constant temperature warm water tank (68); the discharge ends of the liquid fertilizer storage tank (65) and the crushing box (67) are both connected to a water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7).

2. The integrated intelligent water-fertilizer device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The integrated carriage comprises a carriage (1) and a bottom plate (2); the carriage (1) is fixedly connected above the bottom plate (2); a water filtering assembly, a fertilizer conveying integrated machine (6) and a water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7) are fixedly connected to the body of the bottom plate (2) located inside the carriage (1); rollers (22) are rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom of the bottom plate (2); and a traction rod (21) is connected to one end of the bottom plate (2).

3. The integrated intelligent water-fertilizer integrated device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A door (11) and a ventilation window (12) are movably connected to one side of the carriage (1); an inspection window (14) is movably connected to one end of the carriage wall of the carriage (1); and an inspection tool box (13) and a ladder (15) are fixedly connected to the end of the carriage wall of the carriage (1); a solar panel (16) and a vehicle air conditioner (17) are fixedly connected to the top of the carriage (1); and a seat (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (2) located on the inner side of the carriage (1).

4. The integrated intelligent water-fertilizer integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter assembly (32) further comprises a filter outer tube (321) and a water turbidity sensor (322); the filter outer tube (321) is fixedly connected to the pipe body of the water inlet pipe (31) coaxially; the water turbidity sensor (322) and the variable diameter filter (323) are both fixedly installed inside the filter outer tube (321); and the water turbidity sensor (322) is installed at a position close to the pipe mouth end of the water inlet pipe (31); An air pump (33) is also fixedly connected to the bottom plate (2). The air pump (33) is installed on one side of the centrifugal filter (3). An air delivery pipe (34) is connected between the air pump (33) and the ventilation cavity (324) of the variable diameter filter (323).

5. The integrated intelligent water-fertilizer integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtered water outlet end of the automatic screen filter (4) is connected to a water delivery pipe (41), and the other end of the water delivery pipe (41) is connected to a water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7). The automatic screen filter (4) is also connected to a recoil pipe (42), and the other end of the recoil pipe (42) is arranged outside the carriage (1). The water delivery pipe (41) and the recoil pipe (42) are both connected to an on-off solenoid valve (43).

6. The integrated intelligent water-fertilizer integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the centrifugal filter (3) is connected to a sand storage tank (5), one end of the sand storage tank (5) is connected to a sewage discharge pipe (51), and the other end of the sewage discharge pipe (51) is arranged outside the vehicle compartment (1).

7. The integrated intelligent water-fertilizer integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer conveying integrated machine (6) is provided with a partition (62), a battery (8) and a controller (9). The battery (8) and the controller (9) are installed below the partition (62). The controller (9) is connected to each electrical component for signal transmission. The battery (8) is electrically connected to each electrical component. The granular fertilizer storage tank (64), the liquid fertilizer storage tank (65) and the constant temperature water tank (68) are installed above the partition (62). The constant temperature water tank (68) is fixedly connected to the upper plate surface of the partition (62). A fixed plate (63) is also fixedly connected to the fertilizer conveying integrated machine (6). The tank bodies of the granular fertilizer storage tank (64) and the liquid fertilizer storage tank (65) are fixedly sleeved on the fixed plate (63).

8. The integrated intelligent water-fertilizer integrated device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A vibrator (616) is fixedly connected to the tank wall of the granular fertilizer storage tank (64), a screw weighing feeder (66) is connected to the bottom end of the granular fertilizer storage tank (64), a material output end of the screw weighing feeder (66) is connected to a crushing box (67), two crushing tooth rollers (617) are rotatably connected in the crushing box (67), the two crushing tooth rollers (617) are meshingly connected, a crushing motor (618) is fixedly connected to the tank wall of the crushing box (67), and the rotating shaft of the crushing motor (618) is coaxially fixedly connected to one of the crushing tooth rollers (617); A fertilizer delivery pipe (61) is provided between the fertilizer delivery integrated machine (6) and the water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7); the bottom end of the liquid fertilizer storage tank (65) is connected to a liquid fertilizer output pipe (610); the bottom end of the crushing box (67) and the bottom end of the liquid fertilizer output pipe (610) are both connected to one end of the fertilizer delivery pipe (61); the other end of the fertilizer delivery pipe (61) is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7); a liquid fertilizer delivery solenoid valve (614) and a flow meter (615) are installed on the body of the liquid fertilizer output pipe (610); and a fertilizer delivery pump (611) is installed on the body of the fertilizer delivery pipe (61).

9. The integrated intelligent water-fertilizer integrated device according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the warm water delivery pipe (69) is connected to the top of the crushing box (67), and the other end of the warm water delivery pipe (69) is inserted into the bottom end of the constant temperature hot water tank (68). A warm water delivery pump (613) is installed on the pipe body of the warm water delivery pipe (69), and the pump body of the warm water delivery pump (613) is fixedly connected to the top of the constant temperature hot water tank (68). A constant temperature electric heating plate (612) is embedded in the inner tank bottom of the constant temperature hot water tank (68).

10. The integrated intelligent water-fertilizer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the outer wall of the water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7) is connected to a water-fertilizer output pipe (71), and the other end of the water-fertilizer output pipe (71) is arranged outside the carriage (1). The top of the water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7) is fixedly connected to a stirring motor (72). A stirring rotating rod (73) is vertically connected inside the water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7), and the rotating shaft of the stirring motor (72) is coaxially fixedly connected to the stirring rotating rod (73). A plurality of stirring blades (74) are staggeredly connected to the rod body of the stirring rotating rod (73). A water level gauge (75) is also vertically connected inside the water-fertilizer mixing barrel (7).

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