Dead steam condensation waste heat recovery system based on tapered Tesla valve structure

Abstract

The invention provides a dead steam condensation waste heat recovery system with a gradually-shrinking Tesla valve structure. The dead steam condensation waste heat recovery system mainly comprises a compression type condenser with the gradually-shrinking Tesla valve structure, a condensation water tank, a vacuumizing device and a condensation water pump. The working process of the system comprises the steps that at the initial stage of commissioning, low-temperature dead steam enters the compression type condenser under the action of the vacuumizing device, the low-temperature dead steam is gradually compressed, heated and subjected to heat release by means of the one-way conduction, compression and acceleration effects of the gradual shrinkage type Tesla valve structure on fluid, latent heat in the dead steam is transferred to a cold source and converted into liquid water, and the liquid water enters the condensation water tank; and the condensate is pumped away by a condensate pump for cyclic utilization. The tapered Tesla valve is applied to dead steam waste heat recovery, no large rotating part is arranged in the whole compression heat release process, system operation can be maintained through a vacuumizing device, dead steam phase change boosts formation of high vacuum degree, dead steam suction is accelerated, and higher heat transfer efficiency and energy efficiency ratio can be obtained; as a cold end optimization solution, efficient condensation and waste heat recovery are achieved.

Description

Technical Field:

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of heating ventilation and air conditioning technology and also belongs to the field of low-grade heat energy recovery technology. It is also applicable to the efficient heat dissipation and cooling scenario of the cold end of a steam turbine. Specifically, it relates to a waste steam condensation waste heat recovery system with a tapered Tesla valve structure. Technical Background:

[0002] At present, the industrial waste steam waste heat recovery can be divided into two forms. One is to use heat pump technology. By inputting a part of driving energy into the heat pump system, heat can be transferred from a low-temperature medium to a high-temperature medium. Although a certain amount of driving energy is consumed, the heat output by the heat pump is the sum of the consumed driving energy and the absorbed low-grade heat. Therefore, heat pump technology plays a crucial role in energy conservation and low-grade energy utilization. The other is to use the high back pressure technology. By increasing the exhaust steam pressure of the waste steam, and then increasing the saturated steam temperature, the heat transfer capacity between the waste steam and the cold source is directly enhanced.

[0003] Taking the waste heat recovery of the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder of a cogeneration unit as an example, the above two technologies are very mature in the industry. Among them, the heat pump requires high-quality energy as the drive, with high equipment investment costs, large renovation floor areas, and it is only put into operation during the centralized heating period. It often needs to be shelved and maintained during the non-heating season; while the high back pressure technology needs to reduce the power generation efficiency of the unit to achieve the purpose of waste steam waste heat recovery.

[0004] The heat pump system can be divided into two major categories: compression type and absorption type. Since the waste steam condensation waste heat recovery system mentioned in the present invention belongs to the category of compression heat release, the compression type heat pump is further discussed here. The basis for the traditional compression type heat pump to produce temperature increase or decrease effects is the rotation of the compressor. For example, well-known air conditioners, refrigerators, air source water heaters, large screw chillers, etc. all belong to the category of compression type heat pumps. Traditional compressors can be divided into reciprocating (piston type), rotary (rotor type), scroll type, screw type, and centrifugal type. The current refrigeration coefficient that the traditional compression type heat pump can reach is about 3 - 4, that is, the heat pump can transfer 3 to 4 times the heat energy required by itself from a low-temperature carrier to a high-temperature carrier. To obtain higher energy efficiency and system reliability, the design of complex moving parts puts forward higher requirements for manufacturing precision and manufacturing costs.

[0005] Therefore, extending the full-condition value chain of the waste heat recovery system and reducing equipment investment, operating costs, and failure rates should become the focus and direction of efforts in the industry. Summary of the Invention:

[0006] Based on the above technical background analysis, the present invention provides a more efficient and reliable waste steam condensation waste heat recovery system, which can operate throughout the year for cogeneration units.

[0007] The key equipment in the waste steam condensation waste heat recovery system mentioned in the present invention includes: a compression condenser with a tapered Tesla valve structure, a condensate tank, a vacuum pumping device, and a condensate pump.

[0008] The working process of this system: In the initial stage of operation, the low-temperature waste steam enters the compression condenser with a tapered Tesla valve structure under the action of the vacuum pumping device. Utilizing the functions of the tapered Tesla valve structure for unidirectional conduction, compression, and acceleration of the fluid, the low-temperature waste steam is gradually compressed, heated, and releases heat. Then, the latent heat in the waste steam is transferred to the cold source introduced into the condenser. After the waste steam condenses into liquid water, it enters the condensate tank and is pumped away through the condensate pump at the bottom of the tank for continuous recycling. During the operation of the system, the vacuum pumping device is used to maintain a high vacuum degree in the compression condenser.

[0009] The present invention applies the tapered Tesla valve to waste heat recovery. The structural and configuration characteristics of each component of this system are summarized as follows:

[0010] Characteristic 1: Compared with the tube bundle condenser, the compression condenser is generated based on the tapered Tesla valve structure, making good use of the functions of the Tesla valve structure for unidirectional conduction, compression, and acceleration of the fluid. The waste steam can be quickly compressed and release heat, and the heat in the low-temperature waste steam is transferred to the relatively high-temperature cold source medium.

[0011] Characteristic 2: Different from the tube bundle condenser where the cold source flows inside the tube bundle and the waste steam flows outside the tube bundle, in the compression condenser, the cold source flows outside the tapered Tesla valve and the waste steam flows inside the tapered Tesla valve, eliminating the problem of tube bundle blockage caused by dirty cold source in the tube bundle condenser.

[0012] Characteristic 3: Compared with the traditional compression heat pump, there are no large rotating components in the entire compression and heat release process of this system. Only one set of vacuum pumping device is required to maintain the operation of the system, with high equipment reliability. Moreover, during the phase change process of the waste steam, it boosts the formation of a high vacuum degree and accelerates the inhalation of the waste steam, and higher heat transfer efficiency and energy efficiency ratio can be obtained.

[0013] Characteristic 4: Compared with the traditional absorption and compression heat pump waste heat recovery methods, the system provided by this invention has more advantages in manufacturing and operation and maintenance costs. At the same time, this system can replace the traditional water-cooled condenser and provide a better cold end optimization solution.

[0014] Advantages of the present invention: The present invention applies a tapered Tesla valve to the waste steam waste heat recovery, making good use of the functions of the tapered Tesla valve structure for unidirectional conduction, compression, and acceleration of fluid. There are no large rotating components in the entire compression and heat release process, and only a set of vacuum pumping devices are required to maintain the operation of the system. The equipment has high reliability, and the waste steam promotes the formation of a high vacuum degree during the phase change process and accelerates the inhalation of the waste steam, enabling higher heat transfer efficiency and energy efficiency ratio. Compared with the traditional absorption and compression heat pump waste heat recovery methods, the system provided by this invention has advantages in manufacturing and operation and maintenance costs. At the same time, this system can replace the traditional water-cooled condenser and provide a better cold-end optimization solution. For cogeneration units, this system can recover waste steam waste heat during the heating period and provide a more efficient waste steam condensation back pressure during the non-heating period. Brief Description of the Drawings:

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the system architecture and embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings used in the waste steam condensation waste heat recovery system and embodiments based on the tapered Tesla valve structure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only representative embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the system for the waste steam condensation waste heat recovery and utilization of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust of a cogeneration unit according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the system for waste steam condensation waste heat hot air power generation of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust according to the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals in the figures: 1. Compression condenser, 2. Tapered Tesla valve compression heat radiator, 3. Condensate tank, 4. Vacuum pumping device, 5. Condensate pump, 6. Low-pressure cylinder, 7. Heat network primary station, 8. Direct or indirect cooling tower, 9. Fan, 10. Hot air power generation tower barrel, 11. Hot air generator. Detailed Embodiments:

[0020] The present invention can be widely applied and involves many low-grade waste steam waste heat recovery scenarios, such as for recovering low-grade waste steam heat energy to produce hot water or hot air, efficient heat dissipation and cooling of the cold end of steam turbines, etc. Here, the application of the present invention to the waste steam waste heat recovery and efficient condensation of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust of a cogeneration unit is used as an implementation case for discussion. Those in the industry can expand on other application scenarios and will not be elaborated further.

[0021] Embodiment 1: Application of the Present Invention to the Waste Steam Waste Heat Recovery and Efficient Condensation of the Low-Pressure Cylinder Exhaust of a Cogeneration Unit

[0022] As Figure 2 shown, the present invention is applied to the waste heat recovery and efficient condensation of the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder of a cogeneration unit. The exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder (6) enters the compression condenser (1) under the combined action of a vacuum pumping device (4) and a convergent Tesla valve compression radiator (2). During the heating period, the latent heat released during the phase change of the exhaust steam to liquid is transferred to the low-temperature heat network water sent from the heat network primary station (7) to the compression condenser (1); during the non-heating period, the latent heat released during the phase change of the exhaust steam to liquid is transferred to the low-temperature cooling water sent from the cooling tower (8) to the compression condenser (1); the condensed water enters the condensate tank (3) and is pumped away by the condensate pump (5) for recycling.

[0023] Embodiment 2: The present invention is applied to the hot air power generation using the waste heat of the exhaust steam condensation of the low-pressure cylinder

[0024] As Figure 3 shown, the present invention is applied to the hot air power generation using the waste heat of the exhaust steam condensation of the low-pressure cylinder. Cold air enters the compression condenser (1) through a fan (9) to absorb the heat released by the phase change condensation of the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder, and the hot air then enters the hot air power generation tower cylinder (10) to drive the hot air generator (11) to generate electricity.

[0025] The above are only two typical application modes, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. It is particularly pointed out that any changes and substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention are covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The characteristics of the exhaust steam condensation waste heat recovery system with a tapered Tesla valve structure include: The exhaust steam enters the compression condenser (1) under the joint action of the vacuum pump (4) and the tapered Tesla valve compression heat releaser (2). The latent heat released during the process of the exhaust steam being compressed and transformed into a liquid state is transferred to the cold source. The condensed water enters the condensate tank (3) and is pumped away by the condensate pump (5) for recycling. The cold source enters the compression condenser (1) and flows on the outer wall of the tapered Tesla valve (2), exchanging heat with the exhaust steam in the tapered Tesla valve (2).

2. According to the exhaust steam condensation waste heat recovery system of claim 1, the structure and configuration of each component include the following features: Feature 1: Compared with the tube bundle condenser, the compression condenser (1) is generated based on the tapered Tesla valve structure (2), which makes good use of the Tesla valve structure's effect on one-way conduction, compression, and acceleration of the fluid. The exhaust steam can be compressed quickly to release heat, transferring the heat in the low-temperature exhaust steam to the relatively high-temperature cold source medium; Feature 2: Compared with the tube bundle condenser, the cold source flows inside the tube bundle and the exhaust steam flows outside the tube bundle. In the compression condenser (1), the cold source flows outside the tapered Tesla valve (2) and the exhaust steam flows inside the tapered Tesla valve (2), thus eliminating the tube bundle blockage problem caused by the contamination of the cold source in the tube bundle condenser. Feature 3: Compared with the traditional compression heat pump, the entire compression and heat release process of this system has no large rotating parts, and only one set of vacuum pumping device (4) is needed to maintain the operation of the system. The equipment has high reliability, and the exhaust steam promotes the formation of high vacuum and accelerates the intake of exhaust steam during the phase change process, which can achieve higher heat transfer efficiency and energy efficiency ratio; Feature 4: Compared with the traditional absorption and compression heat pump waste heat recovery methods, the system provided by this invention has more advantages in manufacturing and operation and maintenance costs; at the same time, the system can replace the traditional water-to-condenser and provide a better cold-end optimization solution.

3. The exhaust steam condensation waste heat recovery system according to claims 1 and 2 is characterized in that: This system architecture is suitable for low-grade exhaust steam heat recovery, hot water production, hot air production, efficient heat dissipation and cooling of the cold end of steam turbines, etc. At the same time, the tapered Tesla valve structure can also be applied to the heat dissipation tube bundle design of direct air cooling and indirect air cooling of steam turbines.

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