Quercus variabilis water culture seedling raising method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cork oak hydroponic seedling raising method, and relates to the field of cork oak seedling raising, the cork oak hydroponic seedling raising method comprises the following steps: S1, cork oak seed collection: firstly, collecting cork oak seeds in the early stage of maturity and natural shedding in autumn, collecting healthy and mature seeds, and then collecting the cork oak seeds in the early stage of autumn maturity and natural shedding; the method comprises the following steps: selecting a seed tree to avoid mixing of damaged seeds or seeds infected with diseases and insect pests, selecting robust seed trees which are 30-100 years old and are free of diseases and insect pests for seed collection, selecting large, full and glossy excellent seeds which are free of diseases and insect pests during seed collection, and ensuring the germination rate of subsequent seeds and the growth of nursery stocks; according to the method, the research on the water culture seedling raising process of the cork oak can be effectively realized, the seedling raising operation of the cork oak can be better performed, the root growth condition, the nutrient demand quantity and the seedling growth speed of the cork oak seedling in the culture process can be better controlled, the quality of the cork oak seedling can be improved, and the survival rate of the cork oak seedling can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of Quercus variabilis seedling cultivation, and specifically to a method for cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water culture. Background Art

[0002] Quercus variabilis is a tall deciduous tree of the genus Quercus in the family Fagaceae. The plant height can reach 30 meters; the bark is deeply longitudinally fissured; the small branches are hairless; the leaves are ovate-lanceolate or long elliptic-lanceolate, with a broadly cuneate or nearly round base and spinose-serrate margins; the fruit cupule is cup-shaped with a flat and round top; the flowering period is from March to April; the fruiting period is from September to October of the following year. Quercus variabilis gets its name because its bark has a well-developed cork layer. The fruit cupule of Quercus variabilis has the effects of relieving cough, treating tinea capitis, and treating diarrhea. It can also be used for garden greening and is the main tree species for mountain greening. The fruit of Quercus variabilis contains up to 50.4% starch, and the extracted starch can be used for sizing and brewing. Its cork is an important industrial raw material, which can be used to make insulators, cold storage rooms, sound insulation boards, etc., and can also be used to produce cork, cupules, etc. The bark can also be used to extract tannin extract.

[0003] For the traditional and conventional Quercus variabilis seedling cultivation method, generally, after the seeds are germinated, they are directly sown in the soil or seedling substrate and transplanted after growing for a certain period of time. When conducting research related to the roots, it is necessary to wash the substrate on the root surface, which is rather cumbersome and not easy to wash clean. It cannot be used to study the root system and nutrient requirements of seedlings. During the process of cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water culture, it is impossible to effectively study the process of cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water culture, unable to better carry out the seedling cultivation operation of Quercus variabilis, difficult to control the root characteristics and nutrient requirements of Quercus variabilis seedlings during the growth process, and difficult to improve the survival rate of the entire Quercus variabilis seedlings.

[0004] Therefore, the technical personnel in this field have provided a method for cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water culture to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water culture to solve the problems of the traditional and conventional Quercus variabilis seedling cultivation method in the above background art. Generally, after the seeds are germinated, they are directly sown in the soil or seedling substrate and transplanted after growing for a certain period of time. When conducting research related to the roots, it is necessary to wash the substrate on the root surface, which is rather cumbersome and not easy to wash clean. It cannot be used to study the root system and nutrient requirements of seedlings. During the process of cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water culture, it is impossible to effectively study the process of cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water culture, unable to better carry out the seedling cultivation operation of Quercus variabilis, difficult to control the root characteristics and nutrient requirements of Quercus variabilis seedlings during the growth process, and solve the problem of difficult to improve the survival rate of the entire Quercus variabilis seedlings.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings by hydroponics, the method for cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings by hydroponics includes the following steps: S1: The seed collection step of Quercus variabilis. First, collect the seeds in the early stage when the Quercus variabilis seeds mature and naturally fall off in autumn. Collect healthy and mature seeds, and avoid mixing damaged or pest-infected seeds. It is necessary to select strong and pest-free mother trees aged 30 - 100 years for seed collection. When collecting seeds, select excellent seeds that are large-grained, plump, shiny, and pest-free to ensure the germination rate of subsequent seeds and the growth of seedlings; S2: The initial treatment step of seeds. After the seeds are harvested, they need to be treated. Spread the seeds in a dry and ventilated place and turn them 3 - 4 times a day to avoid seed rot. Remove the moisture and contaminants on the surface of the fruits, and then impurities can be removed with a sieve or manually. When the seed coat turns light yellow, then it can be stored; S3: The storage step of seeds. It can be stored indoors or in underground sand. When carrying out seedling cultivation or sowing, then take them out for use. Before use, carry out pre-germination pretreatment; S4: The hydroponics step of seeds. After the seeds are treated by germination, fix the seeds on the planting board, and then ensure that the germinated buds come into contact with the nutrient solution, are in the nutrient solution, or the germination position is downward. Regularly change the nutrient solution during the hydroponics process. After growing for a certain period of time, relevant research or transplantation can be carried out; As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: In the storage step of the seeds, when storing indoors, use carbon disulfide or dichlorvos for airtight fumigation for 24 h. After killing the weevil eggs, etc., in a dry and cool room, store them by stratification or mixing with sand.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: In the storage step of the seeds, when storing in underground sand, choose an open-air dry place to dig a cellar according to the amount of seeds. Lay a layer of sand and then a layer of seeds. The sand is slightly moist. Insert ventilation pipes and standing straw bundles among the piles, and then cover and treat with dry sand.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: In the hydroponics step of the seeds, when transplanting the seeds, during the fixing process of the seeds, the seed spacing should be kept appropriate to ensure that the seedlings can obtain sufficient sunlight and space during the growth process.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: In the hydroponics step of the seeds, it is necessary to carry out seed germination first. The seeds can be soaked in warm water at 40 - 60 °C. At the same time, fish out the floating, immature, and worm-eaten seeds, and then let the water cool naturally. Drain the water, soak again with warm water at 40 - 60 °C, repeat 3 times, then soak with 2000 times of 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate for 5 h, and finally soak the seeds in normal-temperature running water for one day, and then fix the seeds on the planting board.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention relates to a method for cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water, which can change the traditional conventional method for cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings. The traditional seedling cultivation method generally involves directly sowing seeds in soil or a seedling cultivation substrate after germination treatment, and then transplanting them after a certain period of growth. When conducting research related to roots, it is necessary to wash the substrate on the surface of the roots, which can be better cleaned, and can be used to study root systems and nutrient requirements. During the process of cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water, it is possible to effectively conduct research on the process of cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water, and better carry out the operation of cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings. It is possible to better control the growth of the root system, the nutrient demand, and the growth rate of the seedlings during the cultivation process of Quercus variabilis seedlings, improve the quality of Quercus variabilis seedlings, and increase the survival rate of Quercus variabilis seedlings. Detailed implementation method

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings in water includes the following steps: S1: Seed collection step of Quercus variabilis. First, collect the seeds in the early stage before the Quercus variabilis seeds mature and naturally fall off in autumn. Collect healthy and mature seeds, and avoid mixing damaged or pest-infected seeds. It is necessary to select healthy and pest-free mother trees aged 30 - 100 years for seed collection. When collecting seeds, select excellent seeds that are large, plump, shiny, and pest-free to ensure the germination rate of subsequent seeds and the growth of seedlings; S2: Initial treatment step of seeds. After the seeds are harvested, they need to be treated. Spread the seeds in a dry and ventilated place and turn them 3 - 4 times a day to avoid seed rot. Remove the moisture and contaminants on the surface of the fruits, and then impurities can be removed with a sieve or manually. When the seed coat turns light yellow, then it can be stored; S3: Seed storage step. It can be stored indoors or in underground sand. When sowing, take it out and use it. Before use, conduct pre-germination pretreatment; S4: Hydroponic step of seeds. After the seeds are germinated, fix the seeds on the planting board, and then ensure that the germinated buds come into contact with the nutrient solution and are in the nutrient solution, or the germinated position is downward. Regularly change the nutrient solution during the hydroponic process. After growing for a certain period of time, relevant research or transplantation can be carried out; It can change the traditional conventional method for cultivating Quercus variabilis seedlings. The traditional seedling cultivation method generally involves directly sowing seeds in soil or a seedling cultivation substrate after germination treatment, and then transplanting them after a certain period of growth. When conducting research related to roots, it is necessary to wash the substrate on the surface of the roots, which can be better cleaned, and can be used to study root systems and nutrient requirements.

[0012] In the storage step of the seeds, when storing indoors, use carbon disulfide or dichlorvos for airtight fumigation for 24 hours to kill the eggs of weevils, etc., and then, in a dry and cool room, store them by stratification in sand or mixed with sand. In the storage step of the seeds, when storing underground in sand, select an open and dry place to dig a cellar, depending on the amount of seeds. Lay a layer of sand and then a layer of seeds. The sand should be slightly moist. Insert ventilation pipes and standing straw bundles among the piles, and then cover them with dry sand for treatment. In the hydroponic step of the seeds, seed germination needs to be carried out first. The seeds can be soaked in warm water at 40 - 60 °C. At the same time, fish out the floating, immature, and insect-infested seeds, then let the water cool naturally, drain the water, soak them again in warm water at 40 - 60 °C, repeat 3 times, then soak them in 2000 times the solution of 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate for 5 hours, and finally soak the seeds in normal-temperature running water for one day, and then fix the seeds on the planting board. In the hydroponic step of the seeds, during the transplantation of the seeds, during the fixing process of the seeds, the seed spacing should be appropriate to ensure that the seedlings can obtain sufficient sunlight and space during the growth process.

[0013] In the process of carrying out the hydroponic seedling raising of Quercus variabilis, it can effectively realize the research on the hydroponic seedling raising process of Quercus variabilis, can better carry out the seedling raising operation of Quercus variabilis, can better control the root growth, nutrient demand and seedling growth rate of Quercus variabilis seedlings during the cultivation process, can improve the quality of Quercus variabilis seedlings, and improve the survival rate of Quercus variabilis seedlings.

[0014] The working principle of the present invention is: A method for hydroponic seedling raising of Quercus variabilis includes the following steps: S1: Seed collection steps of Quercus variabilis. First, collect the seeds in the early stage before they mature and naturally fall off in autumn. Collect healthy and mature seeds, and avoid mixing in damaged or pest-infected seeds. Select healthy and pest-free mother trees aged 30 - 100 years for seed collection. When collecting seeds, choose excellent seeds that are large, plump, shiny, and pest-free to ensure the germination rate of subsequent seeds and the growth of seedlings. S2: Initial treatment steps of seeds. After the seeds are harvested, they need to be treated. Spread the seeds in a dry and ventilated place and turn them 3 - 4 times a day to avoid seed rot. Remove the moisture and contaminants on the surface of the fruits, and then impurities can be removed with a sieve or manually. When the seed coat turns light yellow, then storage can be carried out. S3: Seed storage steps. It can be stored indoors or in underground sand. When sowing, take them out and use them. Before use, carry out pre-germination pretreatment. In the seed storage steps, when storing indoors, use carbon disulfide or dichlorvos for airtight fumigation for 24 h to kill weevil eggs, etc. Then, in a dry and cool room, carry out stratification sand storage or mixed sand storage. In the seed storage steps, when storing underground, choose an open and dry place to dig a cellar according to the amount of seeds. Lay a layer of sand and then a layer of seeds. The sand is slightly moist. Insert ventilation pipes and standing straw bundles among the piles, and then cover with dry sand for treatment. S4: Hydroponic steps of seeds. After the seeds are pre-germinated, fix the seeds on the planting board, and then ensure that the germinated buds come into contact with the nutrient solution and are in the nutrient solution, or the budding position is downward. Regularly change the nutrient solution during the hydroponic process. After growing for a certain period, relevant research or transplantation can be carried out. In the hydroponic steps of seeds, seed germination needs to be carried out first. The seeds can be soaked in warm water at 40 - 60 °C. At the same time, fish out the floating, immature, and worm-eaten seeds, then let the water cool naturally, drain the water, soak again in warm water at 40 - 60 °C for 3 times repeatedly, then soak in 2000-fold solution of 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate for 5 h, and finally soak the seeds in normal-temperature running water for one day, and then fix the seeds on the planting board. In the hydroponic steps of seeds, during the transplantation of seeds, during the fixing process of seeds, the seed spacing should be appropriate to ensure that the seedlings can obtain sufficient sunlight and space during the growth process.

[0015] It can change the traditional conventional Quercus variabilis seedling-raising method. The traditional seedling-raising method generally sows the seeds directly in the soil or seedling-raising substrate after germination treatment and then transplants them after growing for a certain period. When conducting research related to roots, it is necessary to wash the substrate on the surface of the roots, which can be better cleaned, and can be used to study the roots and nutrient requirements. During the hydroponic seedling-raising process of Quercus variabilis, it can effectively realize the research on the hydroponic seedling-raising process of Quercus variabilis, can better carry out the seedling-raising operation of Quercus variabilis, can better control the root growth, nutrient demand, and seedling growth rate of Quercus variabilis seedlings during the cultivation process, can improve the quality of Quercus variabilis seedlings, and improve the survival rate of Quercus variabilis seedlings.

[0016] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent substitutions or changes, shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for hydroponic seedling cultivation of Quercus variabilis, characterized in that: The method for growing Quercus variabilis seedlings in water comprises the following steps: S1: The seeds of Quercus variabilis are collected in the early stage of the Quercus variabilis seeds falling off naturally in autumn. Healthy and mature seeds are collected to avoid mixing damaged or infected seeds. It is necessary to select 30-100-year-old healthy and pest-free mother trees for seed collection. When collecting seeds, large, full, shiny and pest-free high-quality seeds are selected to ensure the subsequent germination rate of seeds and the growth of seedlings; S2: The initial treatment step of seeds. After the seeds are harvested, they need to be processed. The seeds are spread in a dry and ventilated place and turned 3-4 times a day to prevent the seeds from rotting and remove moisture and pollutants on the surface of the fruit. Then, impurities can be removed by sieve or manually. When the seed coat turns light yellow, they can be stored. S3: The seed storage step can be performed by indoor storage and underground sand storage, and then taken out for use when raising seedlings or sowing, and germination pretreatment is performed before use; S4: The hydroponic step of seeds. After the seeds are germinated, they are fixed on the planting board, and then the grown buds are ensured to be in contact with the nutrient solution, in the nutrient solution, or the budding position is downward. The nutrient solution is replaced regularly during the hydroponic process. After a certain period of growth, relevant research or transplanting can be carried out.

2. A method for hydroponic seedling cultivation of Quercus variabilis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the seed storage step, when storing indoors, carbon disulfide or dichlorvos is used for airtight fumigation for 24 hours to kill weevils and eggs, and then the seeds are stored in a dry and cool room by stratified sand storage or mixed sand storage.

3. A method for hydroponic seedling cultivation of Quercus variabilis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the seed storage step, when storing seeds underground in sand, a cellar is dug in an open-air dry place. According to the amount of seeds, a layer of sand and then a layer of seeds are spread. The sand is slightly moist, and ventilation pipes and upright straw bundles are inserted between the piles, and then covered with dry sand.

4. The method for hydroponic seedling cultivation of Quercus variabilis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of hydroponic cultivation of the seeds, it is necessary to first germinate the seeds, and the seeds can be soaked in 40-60°C warm water, and floating, immature, and worm-eaten seeds can be fished out at the same time, and then the water is allowed to cool naturally, the water is drained, and then soaked again in 40-60°C warm water, and repeated for 3 times, and then soaked in 2000 times diluted 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate for 5 hours, and finally soaked in normal temperature running water for one day, and then the seeds are fixed on the planting board.

5. The method for hydroponic seedling cultivation of Quercus variabilis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the hydroponic step of the seeds, during the seed transplanting and seed fixing process, the seed spacing should be kept appropriate to ensure that the seedlings can obtain sufficient sunlight and space during the growth process.