Building truss structure for road and bridge engineering

Abstract

The invention provides a building truss structure for road and bridge engineering, and relates to the field of road and bridge engineering. The building truss structure for road and bridge engineering comprises an upper chord, a lower chord and web members fixed between the upper chord and the lower chord, and further comprises a plurality of single structures used for enhancing the stability of the truss structure, the single structures are installed between the upper chord and the lower chord, and supporting pieces are fixedly installed on the lower chord. According to the building truss structure for road and bridge engineering, the two inclined rods are integrated in the single structure, the node alignment number is reduced, the automatic guiding function of the inclined face of the supporting piece is combined, manual accurate angle calibration is not needed, the single structure can be integrally positioned, and in the installation process, the included angle of the bottom ends of the inclined rods and the inclined face of the protruding block can be matched for self-calibration; even if hoisting deviation exists, the position can be automatically corrected through dynamic balance of gravity and chain tension, it is ensured that the mounting angle error of the inclined rod is controlled within a small range, and the problem of over-positioning or under-positioning is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of road and bridge engineering, in particular to a building truss structure used in road and bridge engineering. Background Art

[0002] Road and bridge engineering is an important branch of civil engineering. It mainly studies the planning, design, construction and maintenance of roads and bridges, aiming to build safe and efficient transportation infrastructure. The beam bridge of road bridges is loaded by the bending of the beam body, such as simply supported beam bridges and continuous beam bridges, which are commonly seen in urban viaducts. Arch bridges are loaded by the compression of the arch ring, such as stone arch bridges and concrete arch bridges. Cable-stayed bridges transfer the bridge deck load to the main tower through cable-stayed cables, such as the Sutong Bridge. Suspension bridges rely on main cables to suspend the bridge deck, such as the Humen Bridge. The truss structure of the bridge is a lattice-type load-bearing system composed of straight rods connected by nodes. Its core feature is that the rods mainly bear axial tension or pressure, and achieve efficient load-bearing through geometric invariance. The smallest stable unit of the truss is a triangle, because its shape is unique after the lengths of its three sides are determined, that is, it is geometrically invariant, and Quadrilaterals and polygons above this require additional rod support to avoid deformation; when trusses are combined, the upper and lower chords are parallel, and the webs are arranged in a triangle, forming a force characteristic similar to that of a solid beam; trusses are usually installed in the order of "chords first, then webs", and the installed upper and lower chords and other webs will form a three-dimensional space; when the diagonal rod is tilted for hoisting, its posture is consistent with the design angle of the truss, and it can be accurately positioned along the reserved installation gap to avoid collision with surrounding components due to the mismatch between the rod posture and the installation space during horizontal or vertical hoisting; when tilted for hoisting, the posture of the diagonal rod is consistent with the final installation state, and construction personnel can more easily control its position through tools such as traction ropes to ensure that the axis is aligned when the node is connected. If it is horizontal or vertical, the rod posture is very different from the installation state, and the difficulty and error of auxiliary positioning will increase.

[0003] In traditional trusses, the diagonal rods connect the upper and lower chords and multiple web members at the same time. The structure is complex and the node positioning accuracy requirements are high. During construction, the diagonal rods are generally installed at an angle to match the designed installation angle. If there is a deviation in the operation of the crane, it is easy to cause the diagonal rod nodes to fail to accurately dock with the corresponding components, resulting in over-positioning or under-positioning problems. Repeated adjustments are required, affecting the installation efficiency of the truss. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a building truss structure for road and bridge engineering, which solves the problem that the diagonal rod nodes cannot be accurately connected with the corresponding components, resulting in over-positioning or under-positioning, and repeated adjustments are required, thereby affecting the installation efficiency of the truss.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a building truss structure for road and bridge engineering, including an upper chord and a lower chord and a web fixed therebetween, and also including a plurality of single structures for enhancing the stability of the truss structure, the single structure being installed between the upper chord and the lower chord, and a support being fixedly installed on the lower chord.

[0006] The single structure comprises an oblique rod and a lifting chain. The two oblique rods are rotatably connected through a central axis, and one end of the two lifting chains is respectively fixed relative to the upper ends of the two oblique rods.

[0007] In the initial state, the lifting chain applies force to the upper end of the diagonal rod, so that the two diagonal rods form an "X" shape, and there is an angle between the bottom ends of the two diagonal rods.

[0008] During installation, the bottom ends of the two diagonal rods move along the two inclined surfaces of the support respectively to increase the angle between the two diagonal rods. When the single structure moves to the maximum stroke position, the lifting chain and the support cooperate to limit and jointly maintain the angle of the two diagonal rods.

[0009] Preferably, the single structure further comprises a lifting lug, and the ends of the two lifting chains close to each other are fixed to the lifting lug.

[0010] Preferably, the single structure also includes positioning rings and connecting pieces, the two positioning rings are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two diagonal rods, and the two positioning rings are used to be fixed at the lower chord rod; the two connecting pieces are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two diagonal rods, one ends of the two lifting chains are respectively installed at the two connecting pieces, and the two connecting pieces are used to be fixed at the upper chord rod.

[0011] Preferably, the portion of the oblique rod close to the central axis is block-shaped and has a planar structure.

[0012] Preferably, the upper chord rod and the lower chord rod are both in the shape of long strips, and both are provided with mounting grooves therein, and both mounting grooves are provided with alignment holes corresponding to the positioning rings.

[0013] Preferably, there are several support members, and the several support members are arranged at equal intervals.

[0014] Preferably, the support member comprises a bracket and a protrusion, the upper end of the protrusion is rounded, the two inclined surfaces of the upper end are symmetrically arranged, and the bottom end of the protrusion is arc-shaped.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Integrating two diagonal bars into a single structure, a "X" - shaped whole is formed through pre - tightening of the lifting chains, reducing the number of node alignments. Combining with the automatic guiding function of the inclined plane of the support member, there is no need for manual precise angle calibration. The single structure can be integrally positioned. During the installation process, the cooperation between the included angle at the bottom end of the diagonal bar and the inclined plane of the convex block can self - calibrate. Even if there is a hoisting deviation, the position can be automatically corrected through the dynamic balance of gravity and chain tension, ensuring that the installation angle error of the diagonal bar is controlled within a small range, effectively avoiding over - positioning or under - positioning problems; The single structure is hoisted as a whole, only the upper and lower end positioning needs to be controlled, and the operation is more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the lifting lug of the present invention hoists the single structure; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram when the lifting chain and the support member of the present invention jointly maintain the angles of the two diagonal bars; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the single structure of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram when two single structures of the present invention are combined; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the diagonal bar of the present invention.

[0017] Wherein, 1, upper chord; 2, lower chord; 3, web member; 4, single structure; 401, diagonal bar; 402, lifting chain; 403, central axis; 404, lifting lug; 405, positioning ring; 406, connecting member; 5, support member; 501, bracket; 502, convex block; 6, installation groove; 7, alignment hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] As Figures 1-6 shown, a building truss structure for road and bridge engineering includes an upper chord 1, a lower chord 2, and web members 3 fixed between the two. It also includes a number of single structures 4 for enhancing the stability of the truss structure. The single structures 4 are installed between the upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2, and a support member 5 is fixedly installed on the lower chord 2.

[0019] The single structure 4 includes an oblique rod 401 and a lifting chain 402. The two oblique rods 401 are rotatably connected through a central axis 403. One ends of the two lifting chains 402 are respectively fixed relative to the upper ends of the two oblique rods 401. The single structure 4 also includes a lifting ear 404. The ends of the two lifting chains 402 that are close to each other are fixed to the lifting ear 404. The single structure 4 also includes a positioning ring 405 and a connecting piece 406. The two positioning rings 405 are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two oblique rods 401, and the two positioning rings 405 are used to be fixed at the lower chord rod 2; the two connecting pieces 406 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two oblique rods 401, and one ends of the two lifting chains 402 are respectively installed at the two connecting pieces 406, and the two connecting pieces 406 are used to be fixed at the upper chord rod 1.

[0020] In the initial state, the lifting chain 402 applies force to the upper end of the diagonal rod 401, so that the two diagonal rods 401 form an "X" shape, and there is an angle between the bottom ends of the two diagonal rods 401. The part of the diagonal rod 401 close to the central axis 403 is block-shaped and has a planar structure. The upper chord rod 1 and the lower chord rod 2 are both long strips, and both are provided with mounting grooves 6. Both mounting grooves 6 are provided with alignment holes 7 corresponding to the positioning ring 405. The two web rods 3 are respectively located at the two ends of the upper chord rod 1 and the lower chord rod 2, and are used to temporarily provide support force for the upper chord rod 1 and the lower chord rod 2.

[0021] During installation, the bottom ends of the two diagonal rods 401 move along the two inclined surfaces of the support member 5 respectively, so as to increase the angle between the two diagonal rods 401. When the single structure 4 moves to the maximum stroke position, the lifting chain 402 cooperates with the support member 5 to limit and jointly maintain the angle of the two diagonal rods 401. There are several support members 5, and the several support members 5 are arranged at equal intervals. The support member 5 includes a bracket 501 and a protrusion 502. The upper end of the protrusion 502 is rounded, and the two inclined surfaces at the upper end are symmetrically arranged. The bottom end of the protrusion 502 is arc-shaped.

[0022] Working principle: In road and bridge engineering, the building truss structure effectively solves the problem of difficult installation and positioning and low efficiency of the traditional truss diagonal rod 401 through the cooperation of the single structure 4 and the support 5. When the single structure 4 is installed between the upper chord rod 1 and the lower chord rod 2, in the initial state, Figure 2As shown, the lifting lug 404 can be connected to the hook of the crane. By controlling the crane to lift the lifting lug 404, the lifting lug 404 applies an upward pulling force to the lifting chain 402, and the lifting chain 402 applies a force to the diagonal rod 401, causing the two diagonal rods 401 to form an "X" shape. At this time, the single structure 4 is hoisted as a whole above the installation position, that is, above the support member 5; subsequently, the positioning rings 405 at the bottom ends of the two diagonal rods 401 are respectively placed on the two inclined surfaces of the support member 5, and the crane is controlled to slowly lower the single structure 4. As the single structure 4 moves downward, the positioning ring 405 drives the bottom end of the diagonal rod 401 to slide along the two inclined surfaces of the convex block 502, and the included angle gradually increases. As Figure 3 shown, when moving to the maximum stroke position, the convex block 502 supports the two diagonal rods 401. At the same time, the positioning ring 405 is aligned with the alignment hole 7 of the lower chord 2, and a pin can be used to fix the two. Similarly, the connecting member 406 is fixed to the upper chord 1 to complete the installation of the single structure 4; during this process, the two inclined surfaces of the convex block 502 should be respectively in contact with two of the planes of the diagonal rod 401, and the lifting chain 402 should be in a taut state, so that the lifting chain 402 cooperates with the support member 5 for limiting, maintaining the angle of the diagonal rod 401 and avoiding shaking from affecting the positioning accuracy; it should be noted that due to the included angle at the bottom ends of the two diagonal rods 401, if the bottom ends of the diagonal rods 401 deviate from the center of the inclined surface of the support member 5 during hoisting, the contact areas between the two diagonal rods 401 and the inclined surface will be different. For example, when the left diagonal rod 401 first contacts the inclined surface and the right diagonal rod 401 is still suspended, the diagonal rod 401 will rotate around the contact point under the action of gravity and the pulling force of the lifting chain 402 until the two diagonal rods 401 are in uniform contact with the inclined surface to achieve position calibration; the combined action of the self-gravity of the diagonal rod 401 and the chain pulling force causes the diagonal rod 401 to closely adhere to the inclined surface during the sliding process. When the diagonal rod 401 deviates due to external forces such as wind, gravity will generate a restoring moment to pull the diagonal rod 401 back to its original position, enhancing the positioning stability; since the bottom end of the convex block 502 is arc-shaped, when subsequent disassembly is required, the single structure 4 can be lifted upward, which is beneficial for the positioning ring 405 to move upward along the convex block 502, avoiding interference during this process. The purpose of convenient and quick disassembly and assembly is achieved.

[0023] Compared with the traditional method, the integrated installation of the monomer structure 4 reduces the operation of the crane to repeatedly adjust the posture of the diagonal rod 401 and align the nodes, improving the truss installation efficiency; the cooperation and limit mechanism between the lifting chain 402 and the support 5 ensures the accuracy of the installation angle of the diagonal rod 401, effectively avoiding over-positioning or under-positioning problems and improving the overall stability of the truss structure; the installation grooves 6 and alignment holes 7 provided in the upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2 further strengthen the connection strength between the monomer structure 4 and the upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2; the symmetric inclined surface and rounded corner design of the convex block 502 of the support 5 provide a smooth guide for the sliding of the diagonal rod 401, and reduce stress concentration, ensuring the stability and reliability of the installation process; the web member 3 temporarily supports the upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2 at the initial stage of installation, and cooperates with the monomer structure 4 to ensure the safety and stability of the truss structure during the construction process.

[0024] Next, when the traditional diagonal rod 401 is hoisted obliquely, workers need to repeatedly adjust the node positions at high altitude, while the "X"-shaped monomer structure 4 can be assembled into an integral body on the ground, and the shape is pre-tightened and fixed through the lifting chain 402. Only one alignment is required during hoisting, reducing the high-altitude operation time; when the "X"-shaped structure is in a tensile state, the lifting chain 402 provides an initial pre-tightening force for the diagonal rod 401. When the truss bears the load, the pre-tightening force can offset part of the external force and reduce the deformation of the diagonal rod 401. For example, when the bridge truss is subjected to vehicle load, the initial pre-tightening force of the diagonal rod 401 can reduce its axial pressure; after the "X"-shaped diagonal rod 401 is connected to the upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2, multiple triangular units will be formed within the truss section, such as the triangle formed by the diagonal rod 401 and the chord member. The triangular structure itself has high stability, and the existence of the initial angle ensures that the diagonal rod 401 can form a rigid node with the upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2 after installation, avoiding shaking caused by loose connection.

[0025] It should be noted that in the traditional truss, a single diagonal rod 401 needs to be connected to the upper chord 1, the lower chord 2 and multiple web members 3 at the same time. As in the background technology, each diagonal rod 401 has at least two or more connection nodes, such as the connection points of the upper and lower chords 2 and the connection points of the web members 3. All nodes need to be aligned simultaneously during hoisting. If there is a deviation in a certain node, it will cause the overall structure to be misaligned and need to be adjusted repeatedly; in this solution, the monomer structure 4 is formed by two diagonal rods 401 rotatably connected through a central axis 403 to form an "X" shape. During installation, the two diagonal rods 401 are installed synchronously as a unit, rather than the traditional single diagonal rod 401 being installed independently. That is, the main connection nodes of each monomer structure 4 are simplified from the traditional multi-node decentralized connection to 1-2 integrated nodes at the upper and lower ends respectively, as Figure 5 shown, the number of nodes to be aligned is greatly reduced; the upper end of the convex block 502 of the support 5 is provided with a symmetric inclined surface. During installation, the bottom ends of the two diagonal rods 401 move along the inclined surface, and the inclined surface is used for guiding, automatically adjusting to the preset angle without manual precise calibration of the angle.

[0026] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A building truss structure for road and bridge engineering, comprising an upper chord (1) and a lower chord (2) and web members (3) fixed between the two, characterized in that: It also includes several monomer structures (4) for enhancing the stability of the truss structure. The monomer structure (4) is installed between the upper chord (1) and the lower chord (2), and a support member (5) is fixedly installed on the lower chord (2); The monomer structure (4) includes diagonal bars (401) and lifting chains (402). The two diagonal bars (401) are rotatably connected through a central axis (403), and one ends of the two lifting chains (402) are respectively fixed relative to the upper ends of the two diagonal bars (401); In the initial state, the lifting chain (402) applies a force to the upper end of the diagonal bar (401), causing the two diagonal bars (401) to form an "X" shape, and there is an included angle between the bottom ends of the two diagonal bars (401); During installation, the bottom ends of the two diagonal bars (401) respectively move along the two inclined surfaces of the support member (5) to increase the included angle between the two diagonal bars (401). When the monomer structure (4) moves to the maximum stroke position, the lifting chain (402) cooperates with the support member (5) for limiting, and jointly maintains the angle of the two diagonal bars (401).

2. The building truss structure for a road and bridge project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monomer structure (4) also includes a lifting lug (404), and one ends of the two lifting chains (402) close to each other are both fixed to the lifting lug (404).

3. A building truss structure for road and bridge engineering according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The monomer structure (4) also includes positioning rings (405) and connecting members (406). The two positioning rings (405) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two diagonal bars (401), and the two positioning rings (405) are used to be fixed at the lower chord (2); the two connecting members (406) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two diagonal bars (401), and one ends of the two lifting chains (402) are respectively installed at the two connecting members (406), and the two connecting members (406) are used to be fixed at the upper chord (1).

4. A building truss structure for a road and bridge project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The part of the diagonal bar (401) close to the central axis (403) is block-shaped and has a planar structure.

5. A building truss structure for road and bridge engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the upper chord (1) and the lower chord (2) are strip-shaped, and installation grooves (6) are provided inside both of them. Alignment holes (7) corresponding to the positioning rings (405) are provided in the two installation grooves (6).

6. A building truss structure for a road and bridge project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the support members (5) is several, and the several support members (5) are arranged at equal intervals.

7. A building truss structure for road and bridge engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support member (5) includes a bracket (501) and a convex block (502). The upper end of the convex block (502) is provided with a rounded corner, the two inclined surfaces at its upper end are symmetrically arranged, and the bottom end of the convex block (502) is arc-shaped.

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