Method and system for evaluating waste-free city construction carbon emission reduction benefits

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste-free city carbon emission, and discloses a method for evaluating waste-free city construction carbon emission reduction benefits, which comprises the following steps: collecting related data of waste-free city solid wastes in a reference year and a target year; according to an emission factor method and a WARM model, determining a carbon footprint, and calculating the total carbon emission amount of the solid waste; setting a plurality of carbon emission reduction scenes of a waste-free city construction target year according to relevant national and urban plans; based on a WARM model and carbon footprint setting, carbon emission under each carbon emission reduction scene is calculated; based on a carbon emission calculation result, evaluating a carbon emission reduction benefit under a waste-free city policy; according to the evaluation result, a policy optimization scheme is provided, a carbon emission reduction monitoring system is arranged, and the purpose of medium-and-long-term carbon neutralization is achieved. The method effectively solves the problems that current carbon emission reduction evaluation is not accurate and systematic tools are lacked, helps local governments to realize accurate emission reduction and dynamic adjustment of waste-free targets, and has important practical significance and popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon emissions in a waste-free city, and particularly relates to a method and system for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction. Background Art

[0002] At present, phased progress has been made, and multiple cities have formed replicable and popularizable experiences. The construction of a waste-free city is of great significance, aiming to reduce waste generation and carbon emissions through the whole life cycle management of solid waste and achieve the coordinated development of the economy, society and environment. However, in the process of waste-free city construction, how to scientifically and systematically evaluate the carbon emission reduction benefits has become a key problem to be solved urgently.

[0003] At present, there is a lack of a carbon emission calculation and emission reduction benefit evaluation system for waste management paths in China. Existing evaluation methods mostly rely on empirical estimation and are difficult to accurately reflect the carbon emission reduction contributions of different waste treatment methods. At the same time, there is a lack of dynamic monitoring and scenario prediction functions, and it is impossible to provide timely and reliable basis for policy adjustment and optimization. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a carbon emission reduction benefit evaluation system based on carbon footprint analysis, emission factors and the WARM model to conduct refined carbon emission analysis on various types of solid waste in the process of waste-free city construction, evaluate the emission reduction effects of different waste treatment paths, and thus provide a scientific basis for policy formulation, technology optimization and management path improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and system for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction, effectively solving the problems of inaccurate current carbon emission reduction assessment and lack of systematic tools, and helping local governments achieve precise emission reduction and dynamic adjustment of waste-free goals, which has important practical significance and promotion value.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction, including: S1. Collect relevant data on solid waste in a waste-free city in the base year and the target year; wherein, the solid waste includes domestic waste, food waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste and hazardous waste; S2. Define the carbon footprint and calculate the total carbon emissions of the solid waste according to the emission factor method and the WARM model; S3. Set multiple carbon emission reduction scenarios for the target year of waste-free city construction according to relevant national and urban plans; S4. Calculate the carbon emissions under each carbon emission reduction scenario based on the WARM model and carbon footprint settings; S5. Evaluate the carbon emission reduction benefits under the waste-free city policy based on the corresponding carbon emission calculation results; S6. Based on the evaluation results, propose a policy optimization plan and set up a carbon emission reduction monitoring system to achieve the goal of medium- and long-term carbon neutrality.

[0006] Further, the step S1 specifically includes: S101. Collect data on the generation volume, composition, generation sources, treatment methods, and final disposal paths of non-hazardous municipal solid waste in the base year; S102. Collect data on the generation volume, composition, generation sources, treatment methods, and final disposal paths of non-hazardous municipal solid waste in the target year; S103. Classify the solid waste according to the treatment methods; wherein, the treatment methods include landfill, incineration, and resource utilization.

[0007] Further, the step S2 specifically includes: S201. Calculate the carbon emission coefficients of each link in the whole life cycle of the solid waste; wherein, the whole life cycle includes production link, anaerobic digestion link, composting link, returning to farmland link, recycling link, landfill disposal link, incineration disposal link, and other disposal links; S202. Calculate the total carbon emissions of the solid waste according to the carbon emission coefficients of each link in the whole life cycle of the solid waste ; the calculation formula is: Wherein, is the carbon emission coefficient of each link in the whole life cycle, t CO2eq / t; is the generation volume or utilization and disposal volume of various solid wastes, t.

[0008] Further, in the step S202, the carbon emission coefficients of each link in the whole life cycle include: The carbon emission factor of carbon emissions in the production link : Wherein, is the carbon emission factor of material acquisition and product processing link, , is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the production process; is the non-energy consumption carbon emission factor in the production process; is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the transportation of raw materials and products; is the carbon emission factor of the change in forest or soil carbon storage, , is the proportion of raw materials in the materials used in the production link; is the carbon emission factor of the forest or soil carbon storage consumed if all raw materials are used to produce products; Carbon emission factor of anaerobic digestion : Among them, is the carbon emission factor for the change in energy consumption during anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduced energy consumption by the utilization of biogas generated from anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduced energy consumption in the production of fertilizers by the utilization of biogas slurry generated from anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for energy consumption in the transportation process of the anaerobic digestion link, t CO2eq / t; is the non-energy consumption carbon emission factor in the digestion process of the composting link, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for the increase in forest carbon sink reserves caused by anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission factor of composting : Among them, is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduced energy consumption in the production of fertilizers by directly applying compost to the soil, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for energy consumption in the transportation process of the composting link, t CO2eq / t; is the non-energy consumption carbon emission factor in the collection process of the composting link, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for the increase in forest carbon sink reserves caused by composting, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission factor of the field application link :

[0009] Among them, is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduced energy consumption in the production of fertilizers by directly applying to the soil in the field application, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for energy consumption in the transportation process of the field application link, t CO2eq / t; is the non-energy consumption carbon emission factor in the collection process of the field application link, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for the increase in forest carbon sink reserves caused by field application, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission factor of the recycling link : Among them, is the carbon emission factor of various types in the recycling link, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor caused by recycling, resulting in changes in energy consumption during the production process, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption during the transportation process in the recycling link, t CO2eq / t; is the non-energy consumption carbon emission factor during the production and treatment process in the recycling link, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor caused by recycling, resulting in an increase in forest carbon sink reserves, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of a certain type corresponding to the production using all recycled materials, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of a certain type corresponding to the production using all raw materials, t CO2eq / t; is the net retention rate of recycled materials during the recycling process; Carbon emission coefficient of the landfill disposal link : Among them, is the carbon emission factor of the energy consumption required for transportation to the landfill, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the methane released from the landfill, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduction of energy consumption by using the biogas generated from landfill fermentation, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon storage in the landfill area, t; Carbon emission coefficient of the incineration disposal link : Among them, is the carbon emission factor of the energy consumption required for transportation to the incineration plant, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the CO2 emitted from incineration, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the N2O emitted from incineration, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduction of the public power generation by incineration power generation, t CO2eq / t, , is the internal energy of the combustibles, is the combustion efficiency, is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the production of each unit of electricity by the shared power generation; Other disposal links include: the uncollected parts of straw and livestock manure, the uncollected parts of renewable resources, the storage and disposal of industrial solid waste, and the dry chemical disposal of medical waste.

[0010] Furthermore, in the carbon emission coefficient of the landfill disposal link among them, Factor for landfills with three models: landfill fermentation gas is not collected; landfill fermentation gas is collected and burned; landfill fermentation gas is collected and burned for power generation; The WARM model selects this factor based on the national average level, The factor is expressed as:

[0011] where, is the C stored in dry-weight landfill waste, g C / Dry g; is the ratio of the dry weight to the wet weight of landfill waste; 3.667 is the ratio of the molecular weight of CO2 to the mass of C atoms.

[0012] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes: S301. Adjust through the existing waste treatment methods in the waste-free city, set different carbon emission reduction scenarios, clarify their carbon footprints and predict the carbon emission reduction benefits under each scenario; among them, the carbon emission reduction scenarios include: Scenario 1, improving the recovery rate of renewable resources; Scenario 2, promoting the technology of food waste composting; Scenario 3, reducing the landfill ratio and increasing the incineration ratio; Scenario 4, promoting the technology of biogasification of agricultural solid waste; S302. Set the parameters of the carbon emission reduction scenarios, including the recovery rate of solid waste, the change in the proportion of different treatment methods, and the impact of the introduction of new technologies on carbon emissions.

[0013] Furthermore, step S4 specifically includes: S401. Calculate the carbon emission reduction benefits of each carbon emission reduction scenario by inputting parameters such as the type, treatment method, and recovery rate of the solid waste, using the WARM model; S402. Based on the setting of the carbon footprint and the accounting boundary, calculate the net carbon emissions and emission reduction benefits of different carbon emission reduction scenarios in the base year and the target year by using steps S201~S202; Furthermore, step S5 specifically includes: S501. Compare the carbon emission differences between the carbon footprint baseline scenario and each carbon emission reduction scenario; S502. Calculate the core indicators, including the total carbon emission reduction, the carbon emission reduction benefit per unit of GDP, and the carbon emission reduction benefit per unit of population; S503. Evaluate the contribution degree of the waste-free city policy to the realization of the carbon neutrality goal.

[0014] Furthermore, step S6 specifically includes: S601. Determine the best solid waste management path according to the evaluation results of the carbon emission reduction benefits; S602. Propose the direction of policy optimization and set up a carbon emission reduction monitoring system for real-time dynamic monitoring of the carbon emission reduction effect in the construction of a waste-free city. Specifically, the carbon emission reduction monitoring system includes: Data collection: Real-time collect waste data through Internet of Things devices. Carbon emission calculation: Integrate the WARM model to achieve dynamic calculation of carbon emissions. Scenario simulation: Conduct carbon emission reduction prediction for different policy measures. System output: Real-time carbon emission reduction report, policy effect feedback, and optimization suggestions for future emission reduction paths.

[0015] The present invention also provides a system for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits in the construction of a waste-free city, including: A collection module for collecting relevant data on solid waste in the waste-free city in the base year and the target year. The solid waste includes domestic waste, food waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste, and hazardous waste. A calculation module for clarifying the carbon footprint and calculating the total carbon emissions of the solid waste according to the emission factor method and the WARM model. A setting module for setting multiple carbon emission reduction scenarios in the target year of the waste-free city construction according to relevant national and urban plans. A second calculation module for calculating the carbon emissions under each carbon emission reduction scenario based on the WARM model and the carbon footprint setting. An evaluation module for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits under the waste-free city policy based on the corresponding carbon emission calculation results. An optimization suggestion module for proposing a policy optimization plan according to the evaluation results and setting up a carbon emission reduction monitoring system to achieve the goal of medium- and long-term carbon neutrality.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Based on carbon footprint analysis, the emission factor method, and the WARM model, the present invention accurately calculates the carbon emissions and evaluates the emission reduction benefits of different waste treatment paths such as domestic waste, food waste, and industrial solid waste from the perspective of the whole life cycle of solid waste. This scientific evaluation system overcomes the defect of relying on empirical estimation in traditional methods, fills the technical gap of the lack of accurate carbon emission reduction evaluation tools in the construction of a waste-free city, and improves the scientificity and effectiveness of policy implementation.

[0017] 2. The present invention can establish multiple emission reduction scenario simulation models according to different waste treatment methods and policy measures, and conduct comparative analysis on the carbon emission reduction benefits under different scenarios. At the same time, the system has the functions of dynamic monitoring and real-time feedback, can track the carbon emission change trend in the construction of a waste-free city, provides data support for policy adjustment and optimization, and avoids the problem of traditional evaluation lag.

[0018] 3. The present invention covers various types of waste, including domestic waste, kitchen waste, industrial solid waste, hazardous waste, etc., and provides differentiated management path optimization suggestions based on the actual treatment conditions in different regions. This comprehensive and customized analysis capability can help all regions achieve precise emission reduction and efficient resource utilization, promote the green and low-carbon transformation of cities, and help achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of an overall method flow of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of a specific method flow of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] The present invention relates to the fields of zero-waste cities, carbon footprint analysis, emission factor method and WARM model. The application objects include solid wastes such as domestic garbage, kitchen waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste and hazardous waste. Specifically, it is a method and system for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of zero-waste city construction.

[0025] The present invention discloses a method and system for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction. The method aims to calculate the carbon footprint inventory and carbon emissions in the base year and target year under each treatment method and analyze the carbon emission reduction benefits through carbon footprint analysis and scenario simulation of solid waste treatment and disposal under the background of waste-free city construction, in order to solve the problem of carbon emission reduction benefit accounting of various solid waste treatment and disposal under the background of waste-free city construction, so as to achieve precise emission reduction and efficient utilization of resources, promote the green and low-carbon transformation of cities, assist in the realization of carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, and contribute to the subsequent exploration of carbon emission reduction.

[0026] A method and system for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction provided by the present invention relate to solid wastes such as domestic waste, food waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste and hazardous waste. Based on technical methods such as carbon footprint analysis, emission factor method, WARM model, etc., it mainly includes the following steps: First, collect and classify the solid waste data of the waste-free city, including the changes in the production volume and disposal methods of each solid waste in the base year and the target year; Through carbon footprint analysis and emission factors or the WARM model, calculate the current carbon emission baseline of each solid waste treatment mode; Referring to the national carbon neutrality policy goal, set the carbon emission reduction scenarios for the target year of waste-free city construction, and set different waste treatment optimization scenarios; Based on the carbon emission calculation of the WARM model, calculate the life cycle carbon emissions of different treatment scenarios; Based on the carbon emission calculation results of the foregoing steps, evaluate the emission reduction benefits of the waste-free city policy; The aim is to propose a policy optimization plan and formulate medium- and long-term carbon neutrality goals according to the evaluation results.

[0027] As Figure 1-2 shown, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction, which specifically includes the following: S1. Collect relevant data on solid waste in the waste-free city in the base year and the target year; wherein, the solid waste includes domestic waste, food waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste and hazardous waste.

[0028] Specifically, S1 includes the following steps: S101. Collect data such as the production volume, composition, production source, treatment method and final disposal path of solid waste in the waste-free city in the base year; S102. Collect data such as the production volume, composition, production source, treatment method and final disposal path of solid waste in the waste-free city in the target year; S103. Classify the solid waste according to the treatment method; wherein, the treatment method includes landfill (sanitary landfill, simple landfill), incineration (heat energy recovery, no recovery), resource utilization (recovery and utilization, composting, biogas production, etc.).

[0029] S2. According to the emission factor method and the WARM (Waste Reduction Model) model, clarify the carbon footprint and calculate the total carbon emissions of the solid waste.

[0030] According to the different treatment characteristics and paths of different wastes, conduct carbon footprint analysis, clarify the relevant carbon emission sources, including carbon emissions and carbon emission reduction situations, and the sum of the two is the net carbon emission. Use the emission factor database recommended by the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and the WARM model to determine the baseline carbon emissions of each waste treatment method.

[0031] Although there are many uncertainties in the carbon footprint of the entire life cycle of solid waste, the WARM model does not focus on the absolute value of carbon emissions in the life cycle of solid waste, but on the carbon emission reduction benefits between the baseline year and the target year before and after the construction of a "waste-free city", as well as the impact on the difference in carbon emissions under different future scenarios. The basic equation for carbon emission accounting is the amount of solid waste source reduction (increase) or solid waste disposal volume multiplied by the emission factor, also known as the emission factor method. The specific total carbon emission M is as follows: Among them, is the carbon emission coefficient for each link in the entire life cycle, t CO2eq / t; is the generation volume or utilization and disposal volume of various solid wastes, t. Among them, the entire life cycle includes the production link, anaerobic digestion link, composting link, returning to the field link, recycling link, landfill disposal link, incineration disposal link, and other disposal links.

[0032] Among them, is the carbon emission coefficient of the production link, that is, the carbon emission coefficient of the product corresponding to the generation of unit solid waste in the source production process; (n = 2, 3... 8) are the carbon emission coefficients of each utilization and disposal link, including the carbon emissions during the transportation and disposal of solid waste, offsetting the avoided carbon emissions of the generated energy, fertilizers, materials, etc. Among them is the carbon emission coefficient of the anaerobic digestion link, is the carbon emission coefficient of the composting link, is the carbon emission coefficient of the returning to the field link, is the carbon emission coefficient of the recycling link, is the carbon emission coefficient of the landfill disposal link, is the carbon emission coefficient of the incineration disposal link, is the carbon emission coefficient of other disposal links.

[0033] More specifically, (1) Production link The carbon emission factor of carbon emissions in the production link : Among them, is the carbon emission factor of the material acquisition and product processing link; is the carbon emission factor of the change in forest or soil carbon storage.

[0034] Among them, can be calculated by the following formula: In the formula, is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the production process; is the carbon emission factor for non - energy consumption in the production process; is the carbon emission factor for energy consumption in the transportation of raw materials and products. The energy consumption and emissions in the production process and transportation are estimated based on the type of fuel used and the carbon content of each type of fuel. The specific data comes from data sources such as EPA; the non - energy consumption emission data comes from data sources such as ICF and CPCD.

[0035] Among them, can be calculated by the following formula: Among them, is the proportion of raw materials in the materials used in the production link; is the carbon emission factor of the carbon storage in forests or soil consumed if all raw materials are used to produce products.

[0036] (2) Anaerobic digestion link The carbon emission coefficient of the anaerobic digestion link is expressed as: Among them, is the carbon emission factor for the change in energy consumption during anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduction in energy consumption due to the utilization of biogas generated by anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduction in energy consumption during the production of fertilizers due to the utilization of biogas slurry generated by anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for energy consumption in the transportation process of the anaerobic digestion link, t CO2eq / t; is the non - energy consumption carbon emission factor for the digestion process in the composting link, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for the increase in forest carbon sink reserves caused by anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; (3) Composting link The carbon emission coefficient of the composting link is expressed as: Among them, is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduction in energy consumption during the production of fertilizers when the compost is directly used in the soil, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for energy consumption in the transportation process of the composting link, t CO2eq / t; is the non - energy consumption carbon emission factor for the collection process in the composting link, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for the increase in forest carbon sink reserves caused by composting, t CO2eq / t; (4) Returning to the field link Carbon emission factor in the returning-to-field process It is expressed as: Among them, is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the energy consumption reduction in the production of fertilizers directly used in the field, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the transportation process of the returning-to-field process, t CO2eq / t; is the non-energy consumption carbon emission factor in the collection process of the returning-to-field process, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for the increase in forest carbon sink reserves caused by returning to the field, t CO2eq / t; (5) Recycling process Carbon emission factor in the recycling process It is expressed as: Among them, is the carbon emission factor of various types in the recycling process, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for the change in energy consumption during production caused by recycling, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the transportation process of the recycling process, t CO2eq / t; is the non-energy consumption carbon emission factor in the production and treatment process of the recycling process, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor for the increase in forest carbon sink reserves caused by recycling, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of a certain type corresponding to the case of using all recycled materials in production, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of a certain type corresponding to the case of using all raw materials in production, t CO2eq / t; is the net retention rate of recycled materials in the recycling and reuse process (loss of materials during recycling and reuse).

[0037] (6) Landfill disposal process Carbon emission factor in the landfill disposal process It is expressed as: Among them, is the carbon emission factor of the required energy consumption for transporting to the landfill, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the methane released from the landfill, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduction of energy consumption by using the biogas generated from landfill fermentation, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon storage in the landfill area, t.

[0038] In the formula The factor is applicable to landfills with three models: 1> landfill fermentation gas is not collected; 2> landfill fermentation gas is collected and burned; 3> landfill fermentation gas is collected and burned for power generation. The WARM model directly selects this factor according to the national average level.

[0039] In the formula The factor is expressed as: Wherein, is the C stored in the dry-weight landfill waste, g C / Dry g; is the ratio of the dry weight to the wet weight of the landfill waste; 3.667 is the ratio of the molecular weight of CO2 to the mass of C atoms.

[0040] (7) Incineration disposal link The carbon emission factor of the incineration disposal link can be expressed as: Wherein, is the carbon emission factor of the energy consumption required for transporting to the incineration plant, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the CO2 emitted by incineration, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the N2O emitted by incineration, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduction of the public power generation by the incineration power generation, t CO2eq / t.

[0041] In the formula is expressed as: Wherein, is the internal energy of the combustible, is the combustion efficiency, is the carbon emission factor corresponding to each unit of electricity generated by the shared power generation.

[0042] (8) Other disposal links The other disposal parts mainly include: the uncollected parts of straw and livestock manure, the uncollected parts of renewable resources, the storage and disposal of industrial solid waste, and the dry chemical disposal of medical waste.

[0043] Among them, the parts of straw and livestock manure are calculated based on the self-use of farmers, and the simple disposal coefficient

[0044] Refer to the sewage discharge coefficient of the breeding farm. The destinations of the uncollected part of renewable resources mainly include those not yet used up, self-recovery by residents, and disposal mixed with domestic waste. To avoid double counting, carbon emissions accounting is not carried out for this part. For the storage and disposal of industrial solid waste, the emission coefficients that may generate carbon emissions refer to CPCD and other literature. For the dry chemical disposal of medical waste, refer to the emission coefficients provided by other literature.

[0045] S3. According to the relevant national and urban plans, set multiple carbon emission reduction scenarios for the target year of waste-free city construction.

[0046] Specifically, step S3 includes the following steps: S301. Adjust through the existing waste treatment methods in the waste-free city, set different carbon emission reduction scenarios, clarify their carbon footprints, and predict the carbon emission reduction benefits under each scenario; among them, the carbon emission reduction scenarios include: Scenario 1. Improve the recovery rate of renewable resources.

[0047] Scenario 2. Promote the technology of food waste composting.

[0048] Scenario 3. Reduce the landfill ratio and increase the incineration ratio.

[0049] Scenario 4. Promote the technology of agricultural solid waste biogasification, etc.

[0050] S302. Set the parameters of the carbon emission reduction scenarios, including: the recovery rate of solid waste, the proportion change of different treatment methods, the impact of the introduction of new technologies on carbon emissions, etc.

[0051] S4. Based on the WARM model and carbon footprint setting, calculate the carbon emissions under each carbon emission reduction scenario. The WARM model can accurately evaluate the life cycle carbon emissions of multiple waste management paths.

[0052] Specifically, step S4 specifically includes: S401. By inputting parameters such as the type, treatment method, and recovery rate of the solid waste, use the WARM model to calculate the carbon emission reduction benefits of each carbon emission reduction scenario; WARM (Waste Reduction Model) was developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It is a tool for providing advanced comparative estimates of potential greenhouse gas emissions, energy savings, and economic impacts under different materials management practices, and provides comparative estimates of potential greenhouse gas emissions, energy savings, and economic impacts of materials managed under baseline materials and alternative materials management practices. These practices include source reduction, recycling, composting, anaerobic digestion, combustion, and landfilling. The model estimates emissions, energy units, and economic factors for a range of material types commonly found in municipal solid waste and construction and demolition waste, and is divided into the following categories: metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2E), energy units (million British thermal units - BTU), labor hours, wages and taxes. WARM is currently available as a downloadable Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.

[0053] WARM is updated regularly to reflect the availability of new information and newly added material types. Users can refer to the model history to better understand the differences between different versions of WARM. WARM is a comparative tool, not a comprehensive measurement tool.

[0054] Therefore, the present invention uses the above-mentioned emission factor method and queries the WARM model (downloadable Microsoft Excel spreadsheet) to calculate the carbon emissions of the carbon emission reduction scenarios.

[0055] S402. Based on the carbon footprint and accounting boundary settings, use steps S201 - S202 to calculate the net carbon emissions and emission reduction benefits of different carbon emission reduction scenarios in the base year and the target year.

[0056] S5. Based on the corresponding carbon emission calculation results, evaluate the carbon emission reduction benefits under the waste-free city policy.

[0057] Specifically, step S5 specifically includes: S501. Compare the carbon emission differences between the carbon footprint baseline scenario and each of the carbon emission reduction scenarios; S502. Calculate core indicators such as the total carbon emission reduction, carbon emission reduction benefit per unit of GDP, and carbon emission reduction benefit per unit of population; S503. Evaluate the contribution degree of the waste-free city policy to achieving the carbon neutrality goal.

[0058] S6. According to the evaluation results, propose a policy optimization plan and set up a carbon emission reduction monitoring system to achieve the goal of medium- and long-term carbon neutrality.

[0059] Specifically, step S6 specifically includes: S601. According to the carbon emission reduction benefit evaluation results, determine the best solid waste management path; S602. (1) Propose directions for policy optimization, such as: improving resource utilization rate, promoting green treatment technologies, improving the waste classification system, strengthening the supervision of hazardous waste, providing economic feasibility analysis and social benefit analysis to ensure the implementability and long-term benefits of optimization measures.

[0060] (2) Set up a carbon emission reduction monitoring system for real-time dynamic monitoring of the carbon emission reduction effect of waste-free city construction; wherein, the carbon emission reduction monitoring system specifically includes: a. Data collection: Real-time collection of waste data through Internet of Things devices; b. Carbon emission calculation: Integrate the WARM model to achieve dynamic calculation of carbon emissions; c. Scenario simulation: Conduct carbon emission reduction prediction for different policy measures; d. System output: Real-time carbon emission reduction report, policy effect feedback, and optimization suggestions for future emission reduction paths.

[0061] As Figure 3 shown, the present invention also provides a system for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction, including: A collection module 1 for collecting relevant data on solid waste in the waste-free city in the base year and the target year; wherein, the solid waste includes domestic waste, kitchen waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste, and hazardous waste; A calculation module 2 for clarifying the carbon footprint and calculating the total carbon emissions of the solid waste according to the emission factor method and the WARM model; A setting module 3 for setting multiple carbon emission reduction scenarios for the target year of waste-free city construction according to relevant national and urban plans; A second calculation module 4 for calculating the carbon emissions under each of the carbon emission reduction scenarios based on the WARM model and the carbon footprint setting; An evaluation module 5 for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits under the waste-free city policy based on the corresponding carbon emission calculation results; An optimization suggestion module 6 for proposing a policy optimization plan according to the evaluation results and setting up a carbon emission reduction monitoring system to achieve the goal of medium- and long-term carbon neutrality.

[0062] More specifically, The collection module 1 collects data such as the generation amount, composition, generation source, treatment method, and final disposal path of waste, covering various types of waste such as domestic waste, kitchen waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste, and hazardous waste; laying a foundation for subsequent carbon emission calculations; The calculation module 2 establishes a carbon footprint baseline model for the waste-free city, calculates the current carbon emission status under the current waste management mode, and provides a comparison basis for subsequent carbon emission reduction scenarios; The setting module 3 optimizes and adjusts the existing waste treatment methods based on relevant environmental protection policies; The second calculation module 4 predicts the carbon emissions under the optimization scenario; The evaluation module 5 calculates the net carbon emissions and emission reduction benefits of different scenarios, and evaluates the contribution of the zero-waste city policy to achieving the carbon neutrality goal; The optimization suggestion module 6 proposes policy optimization suggestions and implementation paths for the construction of waste-free cities, and conducts real-time dynamic monitoring of the carbon emission reduction effect of waste-free city construction.

[0063] The present invention proposes a method and system for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction, which adopts carbon footprint analysis, emission factor method and WARM model and other analysis methods to evaluate the carbon emission reduction benefits of solid wastes such as domestic garbage, kitchen waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste and hazardous waste in the construction of waste-free cities in the base year and the target year. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. Compared with the prior art, the method and system for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction provided by the present invention accurately calculates and evaluates the carbon emissions of different waste treatment paths such as domestic waste, kitchen waste, and industrial solid waste from the perspective of the entire life cycle of solid waste based on carbon footprint analysis, emission factor method, and WARM model. This scientific evaluation system overcomes the defects of relying on empirical estimates in traditional methods, fills the technical gap of the lack of accurate carbon emission reduction assessment tools in waste-free city construction, and improves the scientificity and effectiveness of policy implementation.

[0064] 2. Compared with the prior art, the method and system provided by the present invention for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction can establish multiple emission reduction scenario simulation models according to different waste treatment methods and policy measures, and conduct comparative analysis of the carbon emission reduction benefits under different scenarios. At the same time, the system has the functions of dynamic monitoring and real-time feedback, which can track the trend of carbon emission changes in waste-free city construction, provide data support for policy adjustment and optimization, and avoid the problem of lag in traditional evaluation.

[0065] 3. Compared with the prior art, the method and system provided by the present invention for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction covers various types of waste, such as domestic waste, kitchen waste, industrial solid waste, hazardous waste, etc., and provides differentiated management path optimization suggestions based on the actual treatment conditions in different regions. This full coverage and customized analysis capability can help all regions achieve precise emission reduction and efficient resource utilization, promote the green and low-carbon transformation of cities, and help achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

[0066] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article or method comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, apparatus, article or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, apparatus, article or method comprising such element.

[0067] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be similarly included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the carbon reduction benefits of waste-free city construction, characterized in that: include: S1. Collect relevant data on solid waste in waste-free cities in the base year and the target year; solid waste includes domestic waste, kitchen waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste and hazardous waste; S2. Based on the emission factor method and WARM model, the carbon footprint is clarified and the total carbon emissions of the solid waste are calculated; S3. According to relevant national and city plans, set up multiple carbon emission reduction scenarios for the target year of waste-free city construction; S4. Based on the WARM model and carbon footprint settings, calculate the carbon emissions under each carbon reduction scenario; S5. Evaluate the carbon reduction benefits of the zero-waste city policy based on the corresponding carbon emission calculation results; S6. Based on the evaluation results, propose policy optimization plans and set up a carbon emission reduction monitoring system to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in the medium and long term.

2. The method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S1 specifically includes: S101. Collect data on the amount, composition, source, treatment method and final disposal path of solid waste in municipalities without waste in the base year; S102. Collect data on the amount, composition, source, treatment method and final disposal path of municipal solid waste in the target year; S103, classifying the solid waste according to treatment methods; wherein the treatment methods include landfilling, incineration, and resource utilization.

3. The method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 specifically includes: S201. Calculate the carbon emission coefficient of each link in the whole life cycle of the solid waste; wherein the whole life cycle includes production link, anaerobic digestion link, composting link, returning to the field link, recycling link, landfill disposal link, incineration disposal link, and other disposal links; S202. Calculate the total carbon emission of the solid waste according to the carbon emission coefficient of each link in the whole life cycle of the solid waste. ; The calculation formula is: in, is the carbon emission coefficient of each link in the whole life cycle, t CO2eq / t; is the amount of solid waste generated or disposed of, t.

4. The method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S202, the carbon emission coefficient of each link in the whole life cycle include: Carbon emission factors of carbon emissions in the production process : in, is the carbon emission factor for material acquisition and product processing. , is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the production process; is the non-energy carbon emission factor of the production process; Carbon emission factor for energy consumption in transporting raw materials and products; is the carbon emission factor for forest or soil carbon stock change, , The proportion of raw materials in the materials used in the production process; The carbon emission factor for the forest or soil carbon stocks that would be consumed if all raw materials were used to produce the product; Carbon emission coefficient of anaerobic digestion : in, is the carbon emission factor of the energy consumption change in the anaerobic digestion process, t CO2eq / t; The utilization of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion can reduce the carbon emission factor corresponding to energy consumption, t CO2eq / t; The utilization of biogas slurry produced by anaerobic digestion can reduce the carbon emission factor corresponding to the energy consumption in the fertilizer production process, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the transportation process of anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; is the non-energy carbon emission factor of the digestion process in the composting stage, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of the increase in forest carbon sink storage due to anaerobic digestion, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission coefficient of composting : in, The carbon emission factor corresponding to the energy consumption in the fertilizer production process can be reduced by directly using compost on the soil, tCO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the transportation process of composting, t CO2eq / t; The non-energy carbon emission factor of the composting collection process, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of the increase in forest carbon sink storage due to composting, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission coefficient of returning farmland to farmland : in, The carbon emission factor corresponding to the energy consumption in the fertilizer production process can be reduced by returning it to the field and directly using it in the soil, tCO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the transportation process of returning to the field, t CO2eq / t; is the non-energy carbon emission factor of the collection process of returning to farmland, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of the increase in forest carbon sink storage caused by returning farmland to farmland, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission coefficient of recycling : in, is the carbon emission factor of each type in the recycling link, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission factor that causes energy consumption changes in the production process due to recycling, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of energy consumption in the transportation process of the recycling link, t CO2eq / t; is the non-energy carbon emission factor of the production and treatment process of the recycling link, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission factor that leads to the increase of forest carbon sink storage for reuse, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of a certain type if all recycled materials are used in production, tCO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor of a certain type if all raw materials are used for production, t CO2eq / t; It is the net retention rate of recycled materials during the recovery and reuse process; Carbon emission coefficient of landfill disposal : in, Carbon emission factor for the energy required for transport to landfill, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission factor corresponding to methane released from landfill, t CO2eq / t; The utilization of fermentation gas produced by landfill fermentation can reduce the carbon emission factor corresponding to energy consumption, t CO2eq / t; for carbon storage in landfill areas, t; Carbon emission coefficient of incineration disposal : in, Carbon emission factor for the energy consumption required for transportation to the incineration plant, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to CO2 emitted by incineration, t CO2eq / t; is the carbon emission factor corresponding to N2O emitted by incineration, t CO2eq / t; Carbon emission factor corresponding to the reduction of public power generation for incineration power generation, t CO2eq / t, , is the internal energy of the combustion material, For combustion efficiency, for The carbon emission factor corresponding to each unit of electricity produced by shared power generation; Other disposal links include: the uncollected part of straw and livestock and poultry manure, the uncollected part of renewable resources, the storage and disposal of industrial solid waste, and the dry chemical disposal of medical waste.

5. The method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Carbon emission coefficient of landfill disposal middle, Factors for three models of landfills: no landfill gas collection; landfill gas collection and combustion; landfill gas collection and combustion for power generation; The WARM model selects this factor based on the national average. The factor is expressed as: in, C stored as dry weight landfill waste, g C / Dry g; It is the ratio of the dry weight of landfill waste to its wet weight; 3.667 is the ratio of the molecular weight of CO2 to the mass of C atoms.

6. The method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step S3 specifically includes: S301. By adjusting the existing waste treatment methods of the waste-free city, different carbon emission reduction scenarios are set, the carbon footprint is clarified and the carbon emission reduction benefits under each scenario are predicted; wherein the carbon emission reduction scenarios include: Scenario 1, improving the recycling rate of renewable resources; Scenario 2, promoting the composting technology of kitchen waste; Scenario 3, reducing the landfill ratio and increasing the incineration ratio; Scenario 4, promoting the biogasification technology of agricultural solid waste; S302. Setting the carbon emission reduction scenario parameters includes: solid waste recovery rate, changes in the proportion of different treatment methods, and the impact of the introduction of new technologies on carbon emissions.

7. The method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The step S4 specifically includes: S401, by inputting parameters such as the type, treatment method, and recovery rate of the solid waste, the WARM model is used to calculate the carbon emission reduction benefits of each carbon emission reduction scenario; S402: Based on the carbon footprint and accounting boundary settings, use steps S201 to S202 to calculate the net carbon emissions and emission reduction benefits of different carbon emission reduction scenarios in the base year and the target year.

8. The method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The step S5 specifically includes: S501. Compare the carbon emission differences between the carbon footprint baseline scenario and each of the carbon emission reduction scenarios; S502. Calculate core indicators, including total carbon emission reduction, carbon emission reduction benefits per unit GDP, and carbon emission reduction benefits per unit population; S503. Evaluate the contribution of zero-waste city policies to achieving carbon neutrality goals.

9. The method for evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of waste-free city construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S6 specifically includes: S601. Determine the best solid waste management path based on the carbon reduction benefit assessment results; S602: Propose policy optimization directions and set up a carbon emission reduction monitoring system to conduct real-time dynamic monitoring of the carbon emission reduction effect of waste-free city construction; wherein the carbon emission reduction monitoring system specifically includes: Data collection: Real-time collection of waste data through IoT devices; Carbon emission calculation: Integrate the WARM model to achieve dynamic calculation of carbon emissions; Scenario simulation: predict carbon emission reductions for different policy measures; System output: real-time carbon emission reduction report, policy effect feedback, and optimization suggestions for future emission reduction paths.

10. A system for evaluating the carbon reduction benefits of waste-free city construction, characterized in that: include: A collection module is used to collect relevant data on solid waste in waste-free cities in the base year and the target year; wherein the solid waste includes domestic waste, kitchen waste, renewable resources, agricultural solid waste, general industrial solid waste and hazardous waste; A calculation module, for determining the carbon footprint and calculating the total carbon emission of the solid waste according to the emission factor method and the WARM model; The setting module is used to set multiple carbon emission reduction scenarios for the target year of waste-free city construction according to relevant national and city plans; The second calculation module is used to calculate the carbon emissions under each carbon reduction scenario based on the WARM model and the carbon footprint setting; An evaluation module is used to evaluate the carbon reduction benefits of the zero-waste city policy based on the corresponding carbon emission calculation results; The optimization suggestion module is used to propose policy optimization plans based on the evaluation results, and to set up a carbon emission reduction monitoring system to achieve the goal of medium- and long-term carbon neutrality.

Images