Intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning protection device

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning protection device, which belongs to the field of direct lightning protection and comprises a current-limiting lightning rod, a multi-gap assembly and a lightning current measurement assembly. By arranging the multi-gap assembly on the current-limiting lightning rod, when the lightning current exceeds the through-current capability of the current-limiting lightning rod, the lightning current is conducted and reduced through the main gap and the multiple gaps on the multi-gap assembly; under the action of the current-limiting lightning rod, the main discharge time of lightning is prolonged from microsecond level to millisecond level, and when the lightning flows through too many gaps, a radial arc spraying effect is generated to further prolong the main discharge time of lightning, so that the lightning waves are changed from continuous waves to discontinuous waves, flashover of the current-limiting lightning rod is avoided, and damage of lightning current to the rod body is avoided; the direct lightning protection device has a self-protection capability; by arranging the lightning current measurement assembly, the device has intelligent functions of lightning current data measurement and transmission, and lightning big data is formed to provide support for follow-up research, product improvement, customer demand meeting and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of direct lightning strike protection, and particularly relates to an intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device. Background Art

[0002] The main method for direct lightning strike protection is to install lightning rods, lightning wires, lightning meshes and other devices on the protected object or on the high towers around it, so as to use its own conductivity to lead the lightning current to itself and quickly introduce it into the ground, neutralize the charges in the thundercloud, and thus protect the safety of the protected object and equipment.

[0003] The commonly used lightning protection equipment is generally the Franklin lightning rod, but the Franklin lightning rod has the following defects: the rising steepness of the lightning current is extremely large. When a lightning current with an amplitude of dozens to hundreds of kiloamperes flows through the lightning rod, it will cause the ground potential to rise, generate a very high step voltage or touch voltage, and form a changing electromagnetic field in the surrounding space, etc. When using a traditional lightning rod for protection around the lightning rod, especially for weak current equipment and flammable and explosive products, it is extremely easy to cause huge losses.

[0004] At present, many new types of lightning rods have been developed on the basis of the Franklin lightning rod. Among them, the current-limiting lightning rod that can reduce the amplitude and steepness of the lightning current and increase the protection range of the lightning rod has been widely used. After years of operation, the effectiveness of such products has been verified, and there are also some problems, such as the needle flashover problem during lightning strikes, the damage to the needle when the lightning current passes through, and the lack of lightning current data measurement during operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of one or more of the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device, which can solve the flashover problem of the current-limiting lightning rod and improve the overall service life of the device.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device, which includes a plurality of current-limiting lightning rods and a multi-gap component; One end of the current-limiting lightning rod is fixed on the base, and the other end is a free end. The plurality of current-limiting lightning rods are distributed in a hemispherical and outwardly divergent shape on the base; The multi-gap component is arranged on at least one of the current-limiting lightning rods and includes a main gap unit and a multi-gap unit; the main gap unit includes two first electrodes, and the two first electrodes are arranged on the current-limiting lightning rod at intervals along the extending direction of the current-limiting lightning rod. The air gap between the two first electrodes forms a main gap for electrical isolation; The multi-gap unit is arranged on the side of the main gap unit away from the free end of the lightning current limiting lightning rod, and includes a rotating insulating tape and a plurality of second electrodes. The rotating insulating tape is spirally wound around the lightning current limiting lightning rod, and the plurality of second electrodes are arranged at intervals in the rotating insulating tape. The air gap between two adjacent second electrodes forms a multi-gap for conducting lightning current and extinguishing arcs.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first electrode is a columnar conductor, and one end of the first electrode away from the lightning current limiting lightning rod is hemispherical.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second electrode is a spherical, cylindrical or cuboid conductor; the air gap distance between two adjacent second electrodes is 0.3 - 10 mm.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of gap holes are arranged at intervals on the side of the rotating insulating tape away from the lightning current limiting lightning rod, and the second electrodes are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the gap holes.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the resistance of the lightning current limiting lightning rod is 5 - 35 kΩ.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the lightning current limiting lightning rod includes a needle body, a semiconductor layer and a protective layer. The semiconductor layer is coated on the needle body, and the material of the semiconductor layer includes a conductive material and a polymer elastic material; the protective layer is coated on the semiconductor layer, and the material of the protective layer is an insulating polymer elastic material.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, it further includes a lightning current measurement component, and the lightning current measurement component includes a Rogowski coil, a power supply module, a lightning current measurement module and a wireless communication module; the Rogowski coil is installed on the periphery of the base and is connected to the lightning current measurement module, the lightning current measurement module is connected to the wireless communication module, and both the lightning current measurement module and the wireless communication module are connected to the power supply module.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the base is installed on the object to be protected through a lightning receiving tower, and the lightning current measurement component is installed on the lightning receiving tower.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of the lightning current limiting lightning rods include a main lightning current limiting lightning rod, the main lightning current limiting lightning rod is vertically arranged at the central position on one side of the base, and the remaining lightning current limiting lightning rods are auxiliary lightning current limiting lightning rods, and the gap component is arranged on the main lightning current limiting lightning rod.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of metal needles are provided at the free end of the current-limiting lightning rod, and the plurality of metal needles are arranged in an outwardly divergent shape.

[0016] As long as the above-mentioned improved technical features do not conflict with each other, they can be combined with each other.

[0017] Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention include: (1) The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device of the present invention is provided with a multi-gap component on the current-limiting lightning rod, so that when the lightning current exceeds the current-carrying capacity of the current-limiting lightning rod and the voltage at both ends thereof is greater than its flashover voltage, the main gap and the multi-gap on the multi-gap component conduct and reduce the lightning current: under the action of the current-limiting lightning rod, the main lightning discharge time is extended from the microsecond level to the millisecond level. When the lightning current passes through the multi-gap, a radial arc-blowing effect is generated to further extend the main lightning discharge time and change the lightning wave from a continuous wave to a discontinuous wave; at the same time, when the lightning current passes through the main gap and the multi-gap, an arc voltage drop is generated due to the arc resistance, which can consume the lightning energy and play a role in reducing the lightning current. The multi-gap component can prevent the current-limiting lightning rod from flashing over and prevent the lightning current from damaging the needle body, so that the direct lightning protection device has self-protection ability and improves the service life of the device.

[0018] (2) The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device of the present invention limits the resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod between 5 and 35 kΩ, so as to utilize the action of the resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod itself to extend the main lightning discharge time from the microsecond level to the millisecond level, reduce the current amplitude and steepness of the lightning current; at the same time, by using a polymer elastic material with high current-carrying capacity, good weather resistance and self-recovery ability as the material of the current-limiting lightning rod, the ability of the current-limiting lightning rod to pass through the lightning current and its service life are improved.

[0019] (3) The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device of the present invention is provided with a lightning current measurement component in the device, so that the device has the functions of measuring and transmitting lightning current data, so as to measure and record the time, location, magnitude of the lightning current, waveform, etc. in real time, form lightning big data, and provide support for subsequent research, product improvement and meeting customer needs, etc., and has intelligent functions.

[0020] (4) The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device of the present invention has a simple structure, can reduce the lightning hazard, improve the current-carrying capacity of the current-limiting lightning rod and the direct lightning protection device, and prevent the current-limiting lightning rod from flashing over and prevent the lightning current from damaging the needle body. It has self-protection and self-recovery functions, has a long service life, and can be widely applied to various fields such as electric power, communication, petroleum and petrochemical, military explosives, construction, radio and television, and meteorology, and has good application prospects and popularization value. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged schematic diagram of part B in In all the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same technical features, specifically: 1, main current-limiting lightning rod; 2, auxiliary current-limiting lightning rod; 21, needle body; 22, semiconductor layer; 23, protective layer; 3, multi-gap component; 31, rotating insulator rubber strip; 32, first electrode; 33, second electrode; 4, base; 5, lightning receiving tower; 6, lightning current measurement component; 61, Rogowski coil; 62, solar panel; 63, box body; 64, lightning current measurement module; 65, wireless communication module. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further details the present invention in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0025] In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0026] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0028] Embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of current-limiting lightning rods, and a multi-gap assembly 3 is arranged on at least one current-limiting lightning rod to attract lightning to itself through the current-limiting lightning rod, avoiding the protected object from being struck by lightning. When the lightning current exceeds the current-carrying capacity of the current-limiting lightning rod, the multi-gap assembly 3 conducts the lightning current to consume the lightning energy, playing a role in reducing the lightning current, avoiding flashover of the current-limiting lightning rod, realizing the self-protection ability of the device, and increasing the service life of the lightning protection device.

[0029] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , one end of the current-limiting lightning rod in the preferred embodiment is fixed on the base 4, and the other end is a free end. Moreover, a plurality of current-limiting lightning rods are distributed in a hemispherical and outward-diverging shape on one side of the base 4 to utilize its own height to distort the thundercloud electric field and attract lightning to itself, avoiding the protected object from being struck by lightning.

[0030] Preferably, a plurality of small metal needles are arranged at the free end of the current-limiting lightning rod, and the plurality of small metal needles are arranged in an outwardly divergent shape.

[0031] More specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the current-limiting lightning rod includes a needle body 21, a semiconductor layer 22 and a protective layer 23; wherein, the needle body 21 is an equal-diameter or conical tube or rod made of materials such as fiberglass or carbon fiber, which plays a supporting role; the semiconductor layer 22 is covered on the surface of the needle body 21, and it is formed by adding a conductive material into a polymer elastic material such as silicone rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber to form a semiconductor material, and the resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod is controlled at 5-35 kΩ. Through the limiting effect of the resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod, the speed of the induced charge moving upward in the oncoming leader generated by the direct lightning protection device becomes slower. When the downward leader develops downward and meets the oncoming leader generated by the direct lightning protection device to form a high-resistance discharge channel, the neutralization speed of the upward moving induced charge and the downward thundercloud charge becomes slower, and the main discharge process of the discharge channel becomes "gentle", thereby extending the main lightning discharge time from the microsecond level to the millisecond level, and significantly reducing the current amplitude and steepness of the lightning current.

[0032] Correspondingly, the protective layer 23 is covered on the surface of the semiconductor layer 22, and it is made of an insulating polymer elastic material such as silicone rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber to protect the conductive layer, and avoid cracks, aging, etc. of the conductive layer caused by limited current-carrying capacity and climate influence, especially ultraviolet rays, etc., and improve the current-carrying capacity and service life of the current-limiting lightning rod passing through the lightning current.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown in the specific embodiment, among the plurality of current-limiting lightning rods, there is a main current-limiting lightning rod 1, which is vertically arranged at the central position on one side of the base 4, and the rest are auxiliary current-limiting lightning rods 2, and the plurality of auxiliary current-limiting lightning rods 2 are arranged in a ring outside the main current-limiting lightning rod 1.

[0034] Furthermore, the multi-gap component 3 in the preferred embodiment is arranged on at least one current-limiting lightning rod, so that when the lightning current exceeds the current-carrying capacity of the current-limiting lightning rod and before the current-limiting lightning rod flashes over, the lightning current can be conducted to the multi-gap component 3 to realize the non-linear function of the direct lightning protection device and improve the overall lightning current-carrying capacity of the device.

[0035] Specifically, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the multi-gap component 3 includes a main gap unit and a multi-gap unit; wherein, the main gap unit includes two first electrodes 32, and the two first electrodes 32 are arranged on the current-limiting lightning rod at intervals along the extending direction of the current-limiting lightning rod, and the air gap between the two first electrodes 32 forms the main gap for electrical isolation. Accordingly, a multi-gap unit is arranged on the side of the main gap unit away from the free end of the lightning current limiting lightning rod, and includes a rotating insulator rubber strip 31 and a plurality of second electrodes 33. Among them, the rotating insulator rubber strip 31 is spirally wound around the lightning current limiting lightning rod, and the plurality of second electrodes 33 are arranged at intervals within the rotating insulator rubber strip 31. The air gap between two adjacent second electrodes 33 forms a multi-gap, so as to generate a radial arc spraying effect when the lightning current passes through, playing a role in conducting the lightning current and extinguishing the arc, so as to consume part of the lightning energy and reduce the lightning current.

[0036] It can be understood that under the action of the lightning current limiting lightning rod, the main lightning discharge time is extended from the microsecond level to the millisecond level, and the response time of the arc spraying effect is also at the millisecond level. Under the arc spraying effect of the multi-gap, the lightning wave changes from a continuous wave to a discontinuous wave; at the same time, when the lightning current passes through the main gap and the multi-gap, an arc voltage drop is generated due to the arc resistance, which can consume the lightning energy and play a role in reducing the lightning current. Furthermore, the lightning current is conducted from the multi-gap component 3, avoiding the flashover of the lightning current limiting lightning rod, and enabling the direct lightning protection device to have self-protection ability.

[0037] In actual setting, the multi-gap component 3 can be arranged only on the main lightning current limiting lightning rod 1. Of course, the multi-gap component 3 can also be arranged on multiple lightning current limiting lightning rods, as long as it can be ensured that one or more multi-gap components 3 can cover and act on all the lightning current limiting lightning rods.

[0038] Preferably, the first electrode 32 is a columnar conductor, and one end thereof away from the lightning current limiting lightning rod is hemispherical.

[0039] Preferably, the second electrode 33 is a spherical, cylindrical or cuboid conductor; the distance of the air gap between two adjacent second electrodes 33 is 0.3 - 10 mm.

[0040] Preferably, a plurality of gap holes are arranged at intervals on the side of the rotating insulator rubber strip 31 of the multi-gap unit away from the lightning current limiting lightning rod, and the second electrodes 33 are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the gap holes to form an air gap at the gap holes.

[0041] Furthermore, as Figure 1 shown in, on the side of the base 4 in the preferred embodiment close to the main lightning current limiting lightning rod 1, a plurality of mounting plates are arranged circumferentially, and a mounting post is arranged at the circumferential center. The main lightning current limiting lightning rod 1 is connected and installed on the mounting post, and the auxiliary lightning current limiting lightning rod 2 is installed on the mounting plates; in actual setting, one mounting plate can correspond to one auxiliary lightning current limiting lightning rod 2, or one mounting plate can correspond to installing multiple auxiliary lightning current limiting lightning rods 2, and it can be evenly installed on the outer periphery of the main lightning current limiting lightning rod 1 according to the number of the auxiliary lightning current limiting lightning rods 2.

[0042] Accordingly, one end of the base 4 facing away from the main current-limiting lightning rod 1 is fixedly installed on the lightning receiving tower 5, so that the protection device can be installed on the object to be protected through the lightning receiving tower 5.

[0043] Furthermore, the intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device in the present invention further includes a lightning current measurement component 6 to monitor and transmit lightning current data, realizing the accumulation of lightning data.

[0044] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the lightning current measurement component 6 in the preferred embodiment includes a Rogowski coil 61, a power supply module, a lightning current measurement module 64, and a wireless communication module 65; among them, the Rogowski coil 61 is installed on the periphery of the base 4 and is connected to the lightning current measurement module 64 to monitor the lightning current passing through the direct lightning protection device in real time through the Rogowski coil 61, and store information such as the lightning current signal, the number of the corresponding device, and the lightning current occurrence time through the lightning current measurement module 64; Accordingly, the lightning current measurement module 64 and the wireless communication module 65 are arranged in a box body 63 installed on the lightning receiving tower 5, and the lightning current measurement module 64 is connected to the wireless communication module 65 to transmit the relevant signals collected by the lightning current measurement module 64 to the wireless communication module 65, and send the corresponding signals to the remote control device through the wireless communication module 65, realizing the data collection of the lightning current signal.

[0045] At the same time, the lightning current measurement module 64 and the wireless communication module 65 are respectively connected to the power supply module, and the power supply module preferably includes a solar panel 62, which is fixedly arranged on the lightning receiving tower 5 to provide working power for the lightning current measurement module 64 and the wireless communication module 65 through the solar panel 62.

[0046] The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device of the present invention has a simple structure, can reduce lightning hazards, improve the current-carrying capacity of the current-limiting lightning rod and the direct lightning protection device, and avoid flashover of the current-limiting lightning rod. It has self-protection and self-recovery functions, a long service life, and can be widely applied to various fields such as electric power, communication, petroleum and petrochemical, military explosives, construction, radio and television, and meteorology, and has good application prospects and promotion value.

[0047] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device, characterized in that, It includes multiple current-limiting lightning rods and multiple-gap components; One end of the current-limiting lightning rod is fixed on the base, and the other end is a free end. Multiple current-limiting lightning rods are distributed in a hemispherical and outward-diverging shape on the base; The multiple-gap component is arranged on at least one of the current-limiting lightning rods and includes a main-gap unit and a multiple-gap unit; the main-gap unit includes two first electrodes, and the two first electrodes are arranged on the current-limiting lightning rod at intervals along the extension direction of the current-limiting lightning rod. The air gap between the two first electrodes forms a main gap for electrical isolation; The multiple-gap unit is arranged on the side of the main-gap unit away from the free end of the current-limiting lightning rod and includes a rotating insulator tape and multiple second electrodes. The rotating insulator strip is spirally wound around the current-limiting lightning rod, and multiple second electrodes are arranged at intervals in the rotating insulator strip. The air gap between two adjacent second electrodes constitutes a multiple gap for conducting lightning current and extinguishing arcs.

2. The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrode is a columnar conductor, and the end of the first electrode away from the current-limiting lightning rod is hemispherical.

3. The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second electrode is a spherical, cylindrical or cuboid conductor; the air gap distance between two adjacent second electrodes is 0.3 - 10 mm.

4. The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Multiple gap holes are arranged at intervals on the side of the rotating insulator strip away from the current-limiting lightning rod, and the second electrodes are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the gap holes.

5. The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod is 5 - 35 kΩ.

6. The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The current-limiting lightning rod includes a needle body, a semiconductor layer and a protective layer. The semiconductor layer is coated on the needle body, and the material of the semiconductor layer includes a conductive material and a polymer elastic material; the protective layer is coated on the semiconductor layer, and the material of the protective layer is an insulating polymer elastic material.

7. The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lightning current measurement component, which includes a Rogowski coil, a power supply module, a lightning current measurement module and a wireless communication module; the Rogowski coil is installed on the periphery of the base and is connected to the lightning current measurement module. The lightning current measurement module is connected to the wireless communication module, and both the lightning current measurement module and the wireless communication module are connected to the power supply module.

8. The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The base is installed on the object to be protected through a lightning receiving tower, and the lightning current measurement component is installed on the lightning receiving tower.

9. The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple current-limiting lightning rods include a main current-limiting lightning rod, which is vertically arranged at the central position on one side of the base, and the rest of the current-limiting lightning rods are auxiliary current-limiting lightning rods. The gap component is arranged on the main current-limiting lightning rod.

10. The intelligent non-linear current-limiting direct lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein, Multiple metal needles are arranged at the free end of the current-limiting lightning rod, and the multiple metal needles are arranged in an outward-diverging shape.

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