Planting method for increasing soil organic matters and carbon sequestration

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for increasing soil organic matters and carbon sequestration, belongs to the technical field of ecological soil improvement, and provides a planting method for increasing soil organic matters and carbon sequestration, which comprises the following steps: applying a complex microbial inoculant on the surface of a planting land; planting an arbor, and then planting caragana twisting in planting gaps of the arbor; the composite microbial inoculant is prepared from bacillus cereus (bacillus cereus) and bacillus parlicheniformis (bacillus parlicheniformis), and the composite microbial inoculant is prepared from bacillus cereus (bacillus cereus) and bacillus parlicheniformis (bacillus parlicheniformis); the arbor is picea crassifolia, pinus sylvestris and pinus tabulaeformis. According to the method, picea crassifolia, pinus sylvestris and pinus tabulaeformis of different forest ages are planted in a mixed mode, and caragana twistable is matched, so that the effects of maximizing soil organic matter accumulation and enhancing carbon sequestration in the Gansu Xieu region are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological soil improvement, and particularly relates to a planting method for increasing soil organic matter and carbon sink. Background Art

[0003] Different types of trees contribute differently to soil organic matter. For example, deciduous tree species usually provide rich sources of organic matter for the soil through their litter, while evergreen tree species may improve soil structure through root exudates, etc. In addition, some specific plants, such as leguminous plants, also have nitrogen-fixing effects, which can further improve soil fertility.

[0004] Forest age is one of the important factors determining the carbon storage in forest ecosystems. Due to the relatively small volume of trees in young forests, the biomass of young forests is relatively low, but the carbon absorption efficiency per unit biomass is relatively high. The tree roots in middle-aged forests are more developed, which can promote the accumulation of soil organic matter and further enhance the soil carbon sink function. The growth rate of trees in mature forests slows down, the biomass tends to be stable, and the carbon absorption rate decreases. However, through litter decomposition and root exudates, it continuously provides sources of organic matter for the soil and maintains a relatively high soil carbon sink capacity. In summary, the carbon sink capabilities at different forest age stages have their own characteristics.

[0005] A reasonable planting density can not only promote the healthy growth of trees, but also optimize the soil environment. Excessive or too low planting density will affect the competition relationship and resource allocation among trees, and thus affect the formation of soil organic matter and carbon sink capacity. Therefore, in actual operation, it is necessary to determine the appropriate planting density in combination with the specific characteristics of tree species and site conditions.

[0006] In summary, regarding how to maximize soil organic matter accumulation and enhance carbon sink effects by scientifically selecting tree species, reasonably planning forest age structure, and precisely controlling planting density, it has become a hot issue in the current research field. The present invention precisely proposes a brand-new planting method based on this background. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a planting method for increasing soil organic matter and carbon sink. By mixing planting Picea crassifolia, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, and Pinus tabuliformis of different forest ages, and cooperating with Caragana korshinskii, it realizes the maximization of soil organic matter accumulation and enhancement of carbon sink effects in Zhangye area, Gansu Province.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a planting method for increasing soil organic matter and carbon sink, including the following steps:

[0009] (1) Apply compound microbial agents on the surface of the planting land;

[0010] (2) Plant arbors, and then plant Caragana korshinskii Kom. in the gaps between the planted arbors;

[0011] The composite microbial agent described in step (1) is composed of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus paralicheniformis;

[0012] The arbors described in step (2) are Picea crassifolia Kom., Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv., and Pinus tabuliformis Carr.

[0013] Preferably, the application rate of the composite microbial agent described in step (1) is 8 - 10 kg / hm 2 , and the composite microbial agent described in step (1) is obtained by mixing Bacillus cereus and Bacillus paralicheniformis according to a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0014] Preferably, the planting density of the arbors described in step (2) is 1000 - 1500 plants / hm 2 .

[0015] Preferably, the specific method of planting arbors in step (2) is as follows: Carry out the intercropping method of one Picea crassifolia Kom., one Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv., one Picea crassifolia Kom., and one Pinus tabuliformis Carr., with equal row and plant spacing, and set according to the planting density.

[0016] Preferably, the tree age of the Picea crassifolia Kom. described in step (2) is 20 - 30 years.

[0017] Preferably, the tree age of the Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv. described in step (2) is 10 - 15 years.

[0018] Preferably, the tree age of the Pinus tabuliformis Carr. described in step (2) is 5 - 10 years.

[0019] Preferably, the tree age of the Caragana korshinskii Kom. described in step (2) is 2 - 4 years.

[0020] Preferably, the planting density of the Caragana korshinskii Kom. described in step (2) is 800 - 1200 plants / mu.

[0021] Preferably, the planting method is applied to Zhangye area, Gansu Province.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0023] The planting method for increasing soil organic matter and carbon sink of the present invention promotes plant growth, inhibits harmful bacteria, and enhances soil fertility by applying a composite bacterium agent prepared from Bacillus cereus and Bacillus paralicheniformis before planting. It promotes plant growth by producing or inducing plants to produce auxin, converts organic nitrogen and phosphorus by synthesizing substances such as siderophore and organic acid, degrades insoluble inorganic salts in the soil, and promotes the absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by crops. By decomposing the organic matter in the soil and converting it into humus, it greatly improves soil fertility. By quickly multiplying into the dominant flora in the soil, it competes with pathogenic bacteria for space and nutrients, inhibits the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria, and produces antibacterial substances to antagonize pathogenic bacteria, such as gramicidin and polymyxin, and secretes lytic substances such as chitinase and cellulase to dissolve the cell wall or cell membrane of pathogenic bacteria, reducing the number of harmful bacteria and effectively preventing various soil-borne diseases. The composite bacteria adopted in the present invention can grow well in both aerobic and anaerobic environments, which helps to improve the micro-ecological environment of the soil. The present invention ensures an ecological environment with a balanced cumulative biomass carbon storage that can be maintained for many years by jointly planting Picea crassifolia, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, and Pinus tabuliformis with different forest ages, so that the carbon storage in the ecological environment will not change greatly with the change of years and can always be maintained at a balanced value. This effect is attributed to the different changes in forest age and carbon density of different types of arbors. By reasonably selecting arbors with appropriate forest age and species and planning the planting density, soil organic matter and carbon sink can be ensured. At the same time, Caragana korshinskii is interplanted to form a multi-layered vegetation structure in the vertical direction, increasing the biomass per unit area, improving the light energy utilization rate, and realizing complementary utilization of soil resources in terms of root distribution depth, nutrient absorption mode, and water demand. The diversity of root exudates promotes the richness and activity of the soil microbial community, accelerates the decomposition and transformation process of organic matter, thereby improving the soil carbon storage capacity, ensuring the stability of the long-term carbon sink function, and reducing the surface exposure. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The various exemplary implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail below. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although this invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of this invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the said documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0027] Without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention, various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments of the description of this invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the description of this invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The description and examples of this invention are merely exemplary.

[0028] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. in this article, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0029] Sources of the materials used in this invention: Bacillus cereus is Bacillus cereus CICC 21356, purchased from China Center for Industrial Culture Collection; Bacillus paralicheniformis is Bacillus paralicheniformis CICC 21276, purchased from China Center for Industrial Culture Collection; Qinghai spruce with a forest age of 20 - 30 years is from Zhangye Longqu National Qinghai Spruce and Sabina przewalskii Fine Seed Base; Scotch pine with a forest age of 10 - 15 years is from the shallow mountain area of Qilian Mountains; Chinese pine with a forest age of 5 - 10 years is from the shallow mountain area of Qilian Mountains; Caragana korshinskii with a forest age of 2 - 4 years is from the shallow mountain area of Qilian Mountains.

[0030] In Minle County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province, at an altitude of 2400 m, with a slope of 5 - 10°, and slope aspects including due north, due east, and due south, the planting schemes described in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were implemented.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] (1) On the surface of the planting land, apply a compound microbial agent (with a mass ratio of Bacillus cereus CICC 21356 to Bacillus paralicheniformis CICC 21276 of 1:1) at an application rate of 9 kg / hm 2 ;

[0033] (2) 21 days after applying the compound microbial agent, plant arbors in an intercropping pattern of one Picea crassifolia, one Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, one Picea crassifolia, and one Pinus tabuliformis. The row spacing and plant spacing are equidistant, calculated according to a planting density of 1250 plants / hm 2 Then, after planting the above arbors, plant Caragana korshinskii Kom. at the gaps between the plants at a planting density of 850 plants / mu;

[0034] The planted Picea crassifolia has a forest age between 25 and 28 years, the planted Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica has a forest age of 15 years, the planted Pinus tabuliformis has a forest age of 5 years, and the planted Caragana korshinskii Kom. has a forest age of 3 years.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] (1) Apply the compound microbial agent (Bacillus cereus CICC 21356 and Bacillus licheniformis subsp. parafirmus CICC 21276 with a mass ratio of 1:1) on the surface of the planting land at an application rate of 8 kg / hm 2 ;

[0037] (2) 15 days after applying the compound microbial agent, plant arbors in an intercropping pattern of one Picea crassifolia, one Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, one Picea crassifolia, and one Pinus tabuliformis. The row spacing and plant spacing are equidistant, calculated according to a planting density of 1000 plants / hm 2 Then, after planting the above arbors, plant Caragana korshinskii Kom. at the gaps between the plants at a planting density of 1500 plants / mu;

[0038] The planted Picea crassifolia has a forest age between 20 and 25 years, the planted Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica has a forest age of 10 years, the planted Pinus tabuliformis has a forest age of 8 years, and the planted Caragana korshinskii Kom. has a forest age of 2 years.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] (1) Apply the compound microbial agent (Bacillus cereus CICC 21356 and Bacillus licheniformis subsp. parafirmus CICC 21276 with a mass ratio of 1:1) on the surface of the planting land at an application rate of 10 kg / hm 2 ;

[0041] (2) 30 days after applying the compound microbial agent, plant arbors in an intercropping pattern of one Picea crassifolia, one Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, one Picea crassifolia, and one Pinus tabuliformis. The row spacing and plant spacing are equidistant, calculated according to a planting density of 1500 plants / hm 2 Then, after planting the above arbors, plant Caragana korshinskii Kom. at the gaps between the plants at a planting density of 750 plants / mu;

[0042] The planted Picea crassifolia has a forest age between 28 and 30 years, the planted Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica has a forest age of 10 years, the planted Pinus tabuliformis has a forest age of 10 years, and the planted Caragana korshinskii Kom. has a forest age of 4 years.

[0043] Control Example 1

[0044] (1) Apply the compound microbial agent (Bacillus cereus CICC 21356 and Bacillus licheniformis subsp. CICC 21276 with a mass ratio of 1:1) on the surface of the planting land at an application rate of 9 kg / hm 2 ;

[0045] (2) 21 days after applying the compound microbial agent, plant arbors in the intercropping pattern of one Picea crassifolia and one Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, with the row spacing and plant spacing equally spaced according to a planting density of 2000 plants / hm 2 Calculate, and then after planting the above arbors, in the gaps between the plants, plant Caragana korshinskii at a planting density of 500 plants / mu;

[0046] The forest age of the planted Picea crassifolia is between 25 and 28 years, the forest age of the planted Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica is more than 15 years, and the forest age of the planted Caragana korshinskii is 3 years.

[0047] Experimental Example 1

[0048] In the Minle County area of Zhangye, Gansu Province, with an altitude of 2400 m, a slope of 5 - 10°, and aspects of due north, due east, and due south, implement the planting schemes described in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. Three years after implementing the planting scheme, measure the organic matter content and carbon sink content in the soil.

[0049] Divide the test plots for the planting scheme of Example 1. Select the small plots at the four corners and the center of the test plot, and collect 5 portions of soil at a depth of 80 cm to form the sample soil of Example 1; divide the test plots for the planting scheme of Comparative Example 1. Select the small plots at the four corners and the center of the test plot, and collect 5 portions of soil at a depth of 80 cm to form the sample soil of Comparative Example 1.

[0050] Heat-treat the sample soil of Example 1 and the sample soil of Comparative Example 1 respectively, and detect the CO2 content of the corresponding sample soil. Use a total organic carbon analyzer (purchased from Huaxi Xinrui (Qingdao)) to measure the total organic carbon content of the sample soil of Example 1 and the sample soil of Comparative Example 1 respectively, and multiply by the conversion coefficient 1.723 to calculate the soil organic matter content.

[0051] To measure the soil carbon sink content, prepare a series of gradient concentration standard solutions for the determination of organic matter content (mass concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%) with sucrose. Mix the gradient concentration standard solutions with 10 mL of 1N K2Cr2O7 respectively, then add 10 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid. After cooling, add 80 mL of distilled water, let it stand overnight, and measure at a wavelength of 600 μm to draw the standard curve.

[0052] The soil samples of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were dried respectively, mixed with 10 mL of 1N K2Cr2O7 respectively, then 10 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid was added. After cooling, 80 mL of distilled water was added, and it was left standing overnight. The measurement was carried out at a wavelength of 600 μm, and the concentration was calculated according to the standard curve.

[0053] Soil carbon sink (g / cm 2 ) = organic matter content (%) × density (g / cm 3 ) × sampling depth (80 cm) × CO2 equivalent. The CO2 equivalent is a constant value, which is 44 / 12.

[0054] Table 1 Measurement results of organic matter and carbon sink in the soil samples of Example 1 group and Comparative Example 1

[0055]

[0056] It can be seen from Table 1 that by using the planting method described in Example 1 of the present invention, the content of organic matter in the soil and the soil carbon sink can be effectively improved.

[0057] The above embodiments are only described for the preferred mode of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting method for increasing soil organic matter and carbon sinks, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Apply a compound microbial agent to the surface of the planting area; (2) Plant arbors, and then plant Caragana korshinskii Kom. in the planting gaps between the arbors; The compound microbial agent described in step (1) is composed of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus paralicheniformis; The arbors described in step (2) are Picea crassifolia Kom., Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv. and Pinus tabuliformis Carr.; 2. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein, The application rate of the composite bacterial agent described in step (1) is 8 - 10 kg / hm 2 , and the composite bacterial agent described in step (1) is obtained by mixing Bacillus cereus and Bacillus licheniformis subsp. globisporus in a mass ratio of 1:

1.

3. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting density of the arbors described in step (2) is 1,000 - 1,500 plants / hm 2 .

4. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method of planting arbors in step (2) is as follows: Carry out intercropping in the pattern of one Picea crassifolia Kom., one Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv., one Picea crassifolia Kom., and one Pinus tabuliformis Carr., with equal row and plant spacing, set according to the planting density; 5. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forest age of the Picea crassifolia Kom. described in step (2) is 20 - 30 years; 6. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forest age of the Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv. described in step (2) is 10 - 15 years; 7. According to the planting method described in claim 1, characterized in that, The forest age of the Pinus tabuliformis Carr. described in step (2) is 5 - 10 years; 8. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forest age of the Caragana korshinskii Kom. described in step (2) is 2 - 4 years; 9. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein The planting density of the Caragana korshinskii Kom. described in step (2) is 800 - 1200 plants per mu; 10. According to the planting method described in claim 1, characterized in that, The planting method is applied to Zhangye area, Gansu Province.

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