Rubber composite material with self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rubber materials, in particular to a rubber composite material with self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics and a preparation method thereof. The rubber composite material with self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 70 to 75 parts of nitrile rubber, 15 to 18 parts of carbon black, 30 to 35 parts of self-lubricating filler, 2 to 3 parts of plasticizer, 2 to 3 parts of zinc oxide, 2 to 3 parts of zinc stearate, 3 to 5 parts of coupling agent, 4 to 6 parts of self-lubricating additive, 1 to 1.5 parts of anti-aging agent, 1 to 1.5 parts of accelerant and 2 to 4 parts of vulcanizing agent. The prepared rubber composite material with self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics has excellent lubricating property, wear-resistant property and mechanical property. The method is suitable for the fields of automobile manufacturing, mechanical manufacturing, aerospace and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rubber materials, and in particular to a rubber composite material having both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional rubber materials have inherent defects in lubrication and wear resistance, especially when facing harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure and high friction, their performance often drops sharply. In order to meet these challenges, researchers actively seek innovations and introduce self-lubricating materials into rubber substrates to improve the lubrication effect and wear resistance of rubber. Although this direction has great potential, existing composite materials still face multiple challenges in practical applications. First, the compatibility problem between self-lubricating materials and rubber substrates needs to be solved urgently. Due to the large differences in the chemical properties and physical structures of the two materials, it is difficult to achieve an ideal combination, which affects the overall performance of the composite material. How to ensure the uniform distribution of self-lubricating materials in the rubber substrate and how to optimize the performance of composite materials through structural design are areas that researchers need to study in depth. Modification technology is also an important means to improve the performance of composite materials. However, existing modification methods often have poor results and complex processes, making them difficult to be applied to industrial production on a large scale. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a rubber composite material having both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties and a preparation method thereof. The rubber composite material having both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties of the present application has excellent lubrication performance, wear resistance and mechanical properties. It is suitable for use in the fields of automobile manufacturing, machinery manufacturing, aerospace, etc.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a rubber composite material having both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties, adopting the following technical solution: A rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties comprises the following raw materials by weight: 70-75 parts of nitrile rubber, 15-18 parts of carbon black, 30-35 parts of self-lubricating filler, 2-3 parts of plasticizer, 2-3 parts of zinc oxide, 2-3 parts of zinc stearate, 3-5 parts of coupling agent, 4-6 parts of self-lubricating additive, 1-1.5 parts of antioxidant, 1-1.5 parts of accelerator and 2-4 parts of vulcanizer, wherein the self-lubricating filler consists of modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solutions, nitrile rubber: as the main component of the rubber composite material, provides basic mechanical properties and wear resistance. Carbon black: as one of the fillers, carbon black mainly provides physical and mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. At the same time, carbon black can also improve the wear resistance and tear resistance of the rubber material. Self-lubricating filler: composed of modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets, these fillers mainly provide the self-lubricating property of the material. The modification treatment improves the compatibility between the filler and the rubber matrix, ensuring its uniform dispersion in the rubber, thereby enhancing the lubrication performance and wear resistance. Plasticizer: used to improve the processing performance and flexibility of the rubber material. Zinc oxide and zinc stearate: as vulcanization activators and scorch inhibitors, they help to increase the vulcanization speed and uniformity, while reducing the scorching phenomenon during the vulcanization process. Coupling agent: used to improve the interfacial compatibility between the filler and the rubber matrix, increasing the utilization rate of the filler and the overall performance of the composite material. Self-lubricating auxiliary agent: further enhances the self-lubricating property of the material. Antioxidant and accelerator: used to improve the aging resistance and vulcanization speed of the rubber material. Vulcanizing agent: is the key component in the rubber vulcanization process, determining the vulcanization degree and properties of the rubber material. These components jointly determine the final performance of the rubber composite material through their synergistic effects. For example, modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets as self-lubricating fillers can significantly improve the lubricity and wear resistance of the material; at the same time, the use of the coupling agent ensures the uniform dispersion of the filler in the rubber matrix, thereby improving the overall performance of the material. In summary, these components jointly construct a nitrile rubber composite material with excellent lubrication performance, wear resistance and mechanical properties through their respective characteristics and interactions.

[0006] Preferably, the self-lubricating filler is composed of modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets in a mass ratio of 4:3 - 4.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets are used as self-lubricating fillers, and their mass fraction ratio is 4:3 - 4. This ratio can ensure the uniform dispersion of the two fillers in the rubber matrix, thus giving full play to their lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics. Modified molybdenum disulfide provides efficient lubrication performance. Molybdenum disulfide itself has good self-lubricating characteristics. After being modified, its compatibility with the rubber matrix is improved, and it can form a stable lubricating layer in the rubber matrix, reducing the friction coefficient and thus improving the lubrication performance of the material. The modified molybdenum disulfide can form a protective film during the friction process, reducing the wear of the material surface and thus improving the wear resistance of the material. Graphite nanosheets have excellent mechanical properties and thermal conductivity, which can improve the overall strength and toughness of the material. The layered structure of graphite nanosheets can form a stable friction film when the material is subjected to friction, reducing the wear of the material. The synergistic effect of the two fillers can further enhance the lubrication performance and wear resistance of the material. Modified molybdenum disulfide provides an efficient lubrication effect, while modified graphite nanosheets enhance the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the material. The two work together to significantly improve its lubrication and wear resistance while maintaining the good mechanical properties of the material. When the material is subjected to friction, modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets can form a stable protective film on the surface, effectively reducing friction and wear and extending the service life of the material. In summary, modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets play a key role in the rubber composite material, and their synergistic effect can significantly improve the lubrication performance, wear resistance and mechanical properties of the material, making it more suitable for the application requirements in the fields of automotive manufacturing, machinery manufacturing, aerospace, etc.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified molybdenum disulfide comprises the following steps: S31. According to the mass fraction, add 3-[3-carboxyallylamido]propyltriethoxysilane and 4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine into N,N-dimethylformamide, continuously introduce nitrogen, add methanesulfonic acid, heat up to 120 - 125 °C and stir for reaction for 15 - 17 hours, cool the product, pour it into hexane and stir for precipitation, filter, wash with hexane and dry to obtain a double-arm silane coupling agent; S32. According to the mass fraction, add 30 parts of molybdenum disulfide with an average particle size of 120 nanometers into a solution composed of 100 parts of ethanol and 30 parts of deionized water, ultrasonically treat for 50 minutes, then add 6 parts of the double-arm silane coupling agent, heat to 70 - 75 °C and stir for reaction for 10 - 12 hours, filter, wash and dry the product to obtain modified molybdenum disulfide.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, step S31: First, synthesize a bis-arm silane coupling agent. The specific steps include reacting 3-[3-carboxyallylamido]propyltriethoxysilane and 4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine in N,N-dimethylformamide, and carrying out a heating and stirring reaction in the presence of nitrogen and methanesulfonic acid. After the reaction is completed, the product is cooled and precipitated, and the bis-arm silane coupling agent is obtained through washing with hexane and drying. Step S32: Ultrasonically disperse molybdenum disulfide in an ethanol aqueous solution, and then add the bis-arm silane coupling agent and carry out a heating and stirring reaction. After the reaction is completed, the product is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified molybdenum disulfide. The modified molybdenum disulfide is surface-coated and modified by the bis-arm silane coupling agent, improving its compatibility with nitrile rubber. This modification helps to ensure the uniform dispersion of molybdenum disulfide in the rubber matrix, thereby achieving excellent lubricating performance, wear resistance, and mechanical properties in the rubber composite. The synergistic effect of the modified molybdenum disulfide and nitrile rubber is reflected in improving the overall performance of the material. Due to the good compatibility and uniform dispersion of the modified molybdenum disulfide with the rubber matrix, it can effectively enhance the comprehensive performance of the rubber composite, including but not limited to wear resistance, self-lubrication, and mechanical properties. This synergistic effect enables the rubber composite to exhibit excellent performance in various application fields. In summary, the preparation method of the modified molybdenum disulfide and its application in the rubber composite demonstrate its important role in improving the material properties. By precisely controlling the reaction conditions and steps, the optimization of the material properties can be achieved to meet the requirements of specific application fields.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of 3-[3-carboxyallylamido]propyltriethoxysilane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine, N,N-dimethylformamide, and methanesulfonic acid is 65:20:120:0.3 - 0.5.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified graphite nanosheet is as follows: By mass, add 500 - 600 parts of ethanol to a reactor, add 100 parts of graphite nanosheets, 8 - 9 parts of amino-terminated liquid nitrile rubber, and 4 - 5 parts of 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ultrasonically treat at room temperature for 4 - 5 h, filter, and vacuum dry to obtain the modified graphite nanosheet.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, graphite nanosheets, amino-terminated liquid nitrile rubber, and 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane are added into ethanol in proportion, and the modified graphite nanosheets are prepared through ultrasonic treatment, filtration, and drying. Their functions and synergy are reflected in: the amino groups of the amino-terminated liquid nitrile rubber react with the surface of the graphite nanosheets to improve their lipophilicity and enhance the compatibility with the nitrile rubber matrix; 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane forms a chemical bridge through the reaction of its epoxy group with the amino group, enabling the graphite nanosheets to be more stably dispersed in the rubber; the modified graphite nanosheets and molybdenum disulfide act synergistically to form a continuous lubricating film, reducing the friction coefficient (the layered structure of graphite provides sliding, and molybdenum disulfide fills the microdefects); the uniformly dispersed nanosheets form a three-dimensional network in the matrix, enhancing the tear resistance and wear resistance; the chemical bonding prevents the agglomeration of the fillers, ensuring that the performance does not decay during long-term use. This process combines chemical modification and physical dispersion to achieve the triple effects of "anchoring - dispersion - synergy" of the modified graphite nanosheets in the rubber matrix.

[0013] Preferably, the coupling agent is composed of anilinomethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 2 - 3:5:3.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, for anilinomethyltrimethoxysilane, its benzene ring structure generates π-π interaction with the polar group (-CN) of the nitrile rubber, enhancing the interfacial bonding. The vinyl group in vinyltrimethoxysilane participates in the rubber vulcanization crosslinking network to achieve covalent bonding between the filler and the rubber; the trimethoxy groups simultaneously improve the filler dispersion and reduce agglomeration. The epoxy group in 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane undergoes a ring-opening reaction with the amino-terminated liquid nitrile rubber to form a chemical bridge; the dimethoxy groups enhance the interfacial bonding of the graphite nanosheets and improve the stress transfer efficiency. The anilinomethyl component is preferentially adsorbed on the edges of the molybdenum disulfide sheets, the vinyl component covers the surface of the carbon black, and the glycidoxy ether component is directionally distributed at the interface of the graphite nanosheets, forming a hierarchical coupling network. Different functional groups (benzene ring, vinyl, epoxy group) act on different polar regions of the rubber respectively to form multiple bondings, enhancing the interfacial strength. The three act together to improve the lubricating performance, wear resistance, and mechanical properties of the rubber composite.

[0015] Preferably, the self-lubricating additive is composed of methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solutions, the methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil in the self-lubricating additive have good lubricating properties, can form a lubricating film inside the material, reduce the friction coefficient, and thus improve the lubricating performance of the material. This is of great significance for reducing the wear of mechanical equipment and extending its service life. The silicone oil component in the self-lubricating additive can form a protective film in the rubber composite material. This protective film can reduce the direct contact and friction on the material surface, thereby improving the wear resistance of the material. The silicone oil component can fill the tiny voids in the rubber composite material, improve the density and uniformity of the material, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the material. At the same time, the silicone oil component can also improve the elasticity and toughness of the material. The synergistic effect of methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil in the rubber composite material can further improve the comprehensive performance of the material. The two silicone oils may have different chemical structures and physical properties, and their interaction in the material can produce a synergistic effect, making the performance of the material further improved.

[0017] Preferably, the vulcanizing agent is sulfur; the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate.

[0018] Preferably, the accelerator is accelerator TMTD, and the anti-aging agent is anti-aging agent 4010.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties, adopting the following technical solutions: As a general technical concept, the present application also provides the above-mentioned method for preparing a rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties, including the following steps: S101. According to the mass parts, mix acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, plasticizer and carbon black evenly, adjust the roll gap of the open mill, place it between the two rolls for plasticizing for 50 min, then add the coupling agent, zinc oxide, zinc stearate, anti-aging agent and accelerator step by step and mix for 5 - 8 min. After uniform dispersion, add the self-lubricating filler and self-lubricating additive. After the feeding is completed, perform 5 times of cutting and mixing, and finally add the vulcanizing agent. After mixing evenly, thin pass 8 times to obtain the mixed rubber, age it, and reserve it for use; S102. Place the aged mixed rubber in a flat vulcanizer for vulcanization. The vulcanization process is: temperature 160 - 170 °C, pre-pressing pressure 20 - 25 MPa, vulcanization pressure 45 - 50 MPa, vulcanization time 13 - 16 min, to obtain a rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties.

[0020] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present application: 1. Improve the lubrication performance of the material: By using modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets as self-lubricating fillers, these two materials themselves have good lubrication characteristics. At the same time, through specific chemical modification methods, their compatibility with nitrile rubber is improved, ensuring the uniform dispersion of these fillers in the rubber matrix, thus effectively enhancing the lubrication performance of the material.

[0021] 2. Enhance the wear resistance of the material: Modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets not only have good lubrication characteristics, but also can form a stable dispersion structure in the rubber matrix, reducing the wear of the material during the friction process. At the same time, the addition of carbon black also provides additional wear resistance for the material.

[0022] 3. Improve the mechanical properties of the material: Nitrile rubber itself has good mechanical properties and wear resistance. By adding specific chemical aids and vulcanizing agents, the mechanical properties of the material can be further optimized to reach a higher level in terms of strength, toughness, etc.

[0023] 4. Broaden the application fields: Due to the excellent lubrication performance, wear resistance and mechanical properties of this rubber composite material, it is very suitable for applications in the fields of automotive manufacturing, machinery manufacturing, aerospace, etc., meeting the needs of these fields for high-performance materials. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The implementation schemes of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application. For those conditions not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. For the reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0025] In the following examples and preparation examples, 1 part means 100 g.

[0026] Preparation Example 1 Preparation of modified molybdenum disulfide The preparation method of modified molybdenum disulfide includes the following steps: S31. According to the mass parts, add 65 parts of 3-[3-carboxyallylamido]propyltriethoxysilane and 20 parts of 4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine into 120 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, continuously introduce nitrogen, add 0.4 part of methanesulfonic acid, heat up to 123 °C and stir for reaction for 16 hours. Cool the product, pour it into hexane and stir to precipitate, filter by suction, wash with hexane, and dry to obtain a double-arm silane coupling agent; S32. According to the mass parts, add 30 parts of molybdenum disulfide with an average particle size of 120 nm to a solution composed of 100 parts of ethanol and 30 parts of deionized water, ultrasonically treat for 50 minutes, then add 6 parts of a bis-arm silane coupling agent, heat to 72 °C and stir and react for 11 hours, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain modified molybdenum disulfide.

[0027] Preparation Example 2 Preparation of Modified Graphite Nanosheets The preparation method of the modified graphite nanosheets is as follows: According to the mass parts, add 550 parts of ethanol to a reactor, add 100 parts of graphite nanosheets, 8.5 parts of terminal amino liquid nitrile rubber, and 4.5 parts of 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ultrasonically treat at room temperature for 4.5 h, filter, and vacuum dry to obtain the modified graphite nanosheets.

[0028] Example 1 A rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties, by mass parts, includes the following preparation raw materials: 70 parts of nitrile rubber, 15 parts of carbon black, 30 parts of self-lubricating filler, 2 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of zinc stearate, 3 parts of coupling agent, 4 parts of self-lubricating aid, 1 part of antioxidant 4010, 1 part of accelerator TMTD, and 2 parts of sulfur. Among them, the self-lubricating filler is composed of modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets in a mass parts ratio of 4:3, the coupling agent is composed of anilinomethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane in a mass parts ratio of 2:5:3, and the self-lubricating aid is composed of methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil in a mass parts ratio of 3:1; The preparation method of the above rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties includes the following steps: S101. According to the mass parts, mix nitrile rubber, dioctyl phthalate, and carbon black evenly, adjust the roll gap of the open mill, place it between the two rolls for plasticizing for 50 min, then sequentially add the coupling agent, zinc oxide, zinc stearate, antioxidant 4010, and accelerator TMTD in steps and mix for 5 min. After uniform dispersion, add the self-lubricating filler and self-lubricating aid. After adding the materials, perform 5 times of cutting and mixing, and finally add sulfur. After mixing evenly, thin pass 8 times to obtain the mixed rubber, age it, and set aside; S102. Place the aged mixed rubber in a flat vulcanizer for vulcanization. The vulcanization process is: temperature 160 °C, pre-press pressure 20 MPa, vulcanization pressure 45 MPa, vulcanization time 16 min to obtain a rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties.

[0029] Example 2 A rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics, by mass fraction, includes the following preparation raw materials: 75 parts of nitrile rubber, 18 parts of carbon black, 35 parts of self-lubricating filler, 3 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of zinc stearate, 5 parts of coupling agent, 6 parts of self-lubricating auxiliary agent, 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010, 1.5 parts of accelerator TMTD, 4 parts of sulfur. Among them, the self-lubricating filler consists of modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets in a mass fraction ratio of 4:4, the coupling agent consists of anilinomethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane and 3-glycidyletheroxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane in a mass fraction ratio of 3:5:3, and the self-lubricating auxiliary agent consists of methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil in a mass fraction ratio of 3:1; The preparation method of the above rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics includes the following steps: S101. According to the mass fraction, mix nitrile rubber, dioctyl phthalate and carbon black evenly, adjust the roll gap of the open mill, place it between the two rolls for plasticizing for 50 min, and then sequentially add the coupling agent, zinc oxide, zinc stearate, antioxidant 4010 and accelerator TMTD in steps for mixing for 8 min. After uniform dispersion, add the self-lubricating filler and self-lubricating auxiliary agent. After the feeding is completed, perform 5 times of cutting and mixing. Finally, add sulfur. After mixing evenly, thin pass 8 times to obtain the mixed rubber, age it, and reserve it; S102. Place the aged mixed rubber in a flat vulcanizer for vulcanization. The vulcanization process is: temperature 170 °C, pre-press pressure 25 MPa, vulcanization pressure 50 MPa, vulcanization time 13 min, to obtain a rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics.

[0030] Example 3 A rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics, by mass fraction, includes the following preparation raw materials: 73 parts of nitrile rubber, 17 parts of carbon black, 33 parts of self-lubricating filler, 2.5 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 2.5 parts of zinc oxide, 2.5 parts of zinc stearate, 4 parts of coupling agent, 5 parts of self-lubricating auxiliary agent, 1.2 parts of antioxidant 4010, 1.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 3 parts of sulfur. Among them, the self-lubricating filler consists of modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets in a mass fraction ratio of 4:3.5, the coupling agent consists of anilinomethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane and 3-glycidyletheroxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane in a mass fraction ratio of 2.5:5:3, and the self-lubricating auxiliary agent consists of methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil in a mass fraction ratio of 3:1; The preparation method of the above rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics includes the following steps: S101. According to the parts by mass, mix acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, dioctyl phthalate, and carbon black evenly. Adjust the roll gap of the open mill, place it between the two rolls for plasticizing for 50 min, then sequentially add the coupling agent, zinc oxide, zinc stearate, antioxidant 4010, and accelerator TMTD in steps and mix for 7 min. After uniform dispersion, add the self-lubricating filler and self-lubricating auxiliary agent. After feeding, perform 5 times of cutting and mixing. Finally, add sulfur. After uniform mixing, thin pass 8 times to obtain the mixed rubber, age it, and reserve it for use; S102. Place the aged mixed rubber in a flat vulcanizer for vulcanization. The vulcanization process is: temperature 167 °C, pre-press pressure 23 MPa, vulcanization pressure 47 MPa, vulcanization time 14 min to obtain a rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 Same as Example 3, except that the self-lubricating filler is modified molybdenum disulfide.

[0032] Comparative Example 2 Same as Example 3, except that the self-lubricating filler is modified graphite nanosheets.

[0033] Comparative Example 3 Same as Example 3, except that the coupling agent is aniline methyltrimethoxysilane.

[0034] Comparative Example 4 Same as Example 3, except that the coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane.

[0035] Comparative Example 5 Same as Example 3, except that the coupling agent is 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane.

[0036] Comparative Example 6 Same as Example 3, except that the self-lubricating auxiliary agent is methylphenyl silicone oil.

[0037] Comparative Example 7 Same as Example 3, except that the self-lubricating auxiliary agent is diphenyl silicone oil.

[0038] Comparative Example 8 Same as Example 3, except that the self-lubricating filler consists of unmodified molybdenum disulfide and unmodified graphite nanosheets in a mass ratio of 4:3.5. Performance Test Sample the rubber composite materials with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties prepared in Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 8, and conduct tests. Take 3 parallel samples for each group, and take the average value of the results. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0039] The Shore A hardness is tested in accordance with GB / T 531.1-2008; The mechanical properties are tested in accordance with GB / T528-2009; Wear resistance test: The wear resistance test is carried out with reference to GB / T1689-2014 "Determination of abrasion resistance of vulcanized rubbers (using Akron abrasion testing machine)"; Coefficient of friction: The test is carried out with reference to the standard ASTM D1894.

[0040] Table 1 Performance test Analyzing the data in Table 1, it can be seen that: 1) The rubber composites with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics prepared in Examples 1-3 have excellent lubricating performance, wear resistance and mechanical properties. They are suitable for applications in fields such as automobile manufacturing, machinery manufacturing, and aerospace.

[0041] 2) Through the comparative analysis of the performance of the rubber composites with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics prepared by combining Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, when the self-lubricating filler is composed of modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets in a mass ratio of 4:3.5, the synergistic effect between them can significantly improve the lubricating performance, wear resistance and mechanical properties of the material.

[0042] 3) Through the comparative analysis of the performance of the rubber composites with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics prepared by combining Example 3 and Comparative Examples 3-5, it is shown that the coupling agent is composed of anilinomethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane and 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 2.5:5:3. The benzene ring structure of anilinomethyltrimethoxysilane produces π-π interaction with the polar group (-CN) of nitrile rubber, enhancing the interfacial bonding. The vinyl group in vinyltrimethoxysilane participates in the rubber vulcanization crosslinking network to achieve covalent connection between the filler and the rubber; the trimethoxy group also improves the filler dispersion and reduces agglomeration. The epoxy group in 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane undergoes a ring-opening reaction with the terminal amino liquid nitrile rubber to form a chemical bridge; the dimethoxy group enhances the interfacial bonding of the graphite nanosheets and improves the stress transfer efficiency. The anilinomethyl component is preferentially adsorbed on the edge of the molybdenum disulfide lamellae, the vinyl component covers the surface of the carbon black, and the glycidyl ether component is oriented on the interface of the graphite nanosheets to form a hierarchical coupling network. Different functional groups (benzene ring, vinyl, epoxy group) act on different polar regions of the rubber respectively to form multiple bondings, enhancing the interfacial strength. The combined action of the three improves the lubricating performance, wear resistance and mechanical properties of the rubber composite.

[0043] 4) Comparative analysis of the properties of the rubber composite materials with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics prepared by combining Example 3 and Comparative Examples 6-7 shows that the self-lubricating additive is composed of the mass ratio of methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil of 3:1. The methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil in the self-lubricating additive have good lubricating characteristics, can form a lubricating film inside the material, reduce the friction coefficient, and thus improve the lubricating performance of the material. This is of great significance for reducing the wear of mechanical equipment and extending its service life. The silicone oil component in the self-lubricating additive can form a protective film in the rubber composite material. This protective film can reduce the direct contact and friction on the material surface, thereby improving the wear-resistant performance of the material. The silicone oil component can fill the tiny voids in the rubber composite material, improve the density and uniformity of the material, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the material. At the same time, the silicone oil component can also improve the elasticity and toughness of the material. The synergistic effect of methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil in the rubber composite material can further improve the comprehensive performance of the material.

[0044] 5) Comparative analysis of the properties of the rubber composite materials with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics prepared by combining Example 3 and Comparative Example 8 shows that the present application modifies graphite nanosheets and molybdenum disulfide, thereby improving the uniform dispersion and compatibility of graphite nanosheets and molybdenum disulfide in the nitrile rubber matrix, and further significantly enhancing the lubricating performance, wear-resistant performance and mechanical properties of the rubber composite material.

[0045] The above embodiments are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application rather than limit them. Although the above embodiments have specifically described the present application, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation manners of the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced. Any modification and equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics, characterized in that, By mass parts, it includes the following preparation raw materials: 70 - 75 parts of nitrile rubber, 15 - 18 parts of carbon black, 30 - 35 parts of self-lubricating filler, 2 - 3 parts of plasticizer, 2 - 3 parts of zinc oxide, 2 - 3 parts of zinc stearate, 3 - 5 parts of coupling agent, 4 - 6 parts of self-lubricating aid, 1 - 1.5 parts of antioxidant, 1 - 1.5 parts of accelerator, and 2 - 4 parts of vulcanizing agent.

2. A rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that The self-lubricating filler consists of modified molybdenum disulfide and modified graphite nanosheets in a mass parts ratio of 4:3 - 4.

3. The rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics according to claim 2, wherein The preparation method of the modified molybdenum disulfide includes the following steps: S31. According to mass parts, add 3-[3-carboxyallylamido]propyltriethoxysilane and 4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine into N,N-dimethylformamide, continuously introduce nitrogen, add methanesulfonic acid, heat up to 120 - 125 °C and stir for reaction for 15 - 17 hours. Cool the product, pour it into hexane and stir to precipitate, filter, wash with hexane, and dry to obtain a double-arm silane coupling agent. S32. According to mass parts, add 30 parts of molybdenum disulfide with an average particle size of 120 nanometers into a solution composed of 100 parts of ethanol and 30 parts of deionized water, ultrasonically treat for 50 minutes, then add 6 parts of the double-arm silane coupling agent, heat to 70 - 75 °C and stir for reaction for 10 - 12 hours. Filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain modified molybdenum disulfide.

4. A rubber composite material having both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass parts ratio of 3-[3-carboxyallylamido]propyltriethoxysilane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine, N,N-dimethylformamide, and methanesulfonic acid is 65:20:120:0.3 - 0.

5.

5. A rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that The preparation method of the modified graphite nanosheets is: According to mass parts, add 500 - 600 parts of ethanol into a reactor, add 100 parts of graphite nanosheets, 8 - 9 parts of terminal amino liquid nitrile rubber, and 4 - 5 parts of 3-glycidyletheroxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ultrasonically treat at room temperature for 4 - 5 h, filter, and vacuum dry to obtain modified graphite nanosheets.

6. The rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics according to claim 1, wherein The coupling agent consists of anilinomethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-glycidyletheroxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane in a mass parts ratio of 2 - 3:5:

3.

7. A rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-lubricating aid consists of methylphenyl silicone oil and diphenyl silicone oil in a mass parts ratio of 3:

1.

8. A rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vulcanizing agent is sulfur; the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate.

9. The rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accelerator is accelerator TMTD, and the antioxidant is antioxidant 4010.

10. A method for preparing a rubber composite material having both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S101. According to mass parts, mix nitrile rubber, plasticizer, and carbon black evenly, adjust the roll gap of the open mill, place it between the two rolls for plasticizing for 50 min, then sequentially add the coupling agent, zinc oxide, zinc stearate, antioxidant, and accelerator in steps and mix for 5 - 8 min. After uniform dispersion, add the self-lubricating filler and self-lubricating aid. After feeding, perform 5 times of cutting and mixing, and finally add the vulcanizing agent. After uniform mixing, thin pass 8 times to obtain a mixed rubber, age it, and reserve it for use. S102. Place the aged mixed rubber in a flat vulcanizing machine for vulcanization. The vulcanization process is as follows: temperature 160 - 170 °C, pre-pressing pressure 20 - 25 MPa, vulcanization pressure 45 - 50 MPa, vulcanization time 13 - 16 min, to obtain a rubber composite material with both self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties.

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