A plant base oil processing method and shrimp-rice nutrient prepared therefrom and its application

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for treating plant base oil, shrimp and rice nutrient material obtained therefrom, and its application, belonging to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of plant oil waste. The treatment method of the present invention comprises the following steps: mixing the plant base oil and a filter aid and then pressing to obtain crude oil and a cake; mixing the cake with a fermentation agent to obtain a mixture and fermenting it, and adding the crude oil to the mixture in batches during the fermentation process; the filter aid comprises rice husk ash, bagasse powder, and wood ash; and the fermentation agent comprises thermophilic Chaetomium, Pseudomonas putida, and Geobacillus stearothermophilus. The present invention uses specific filter aids and fermentation agents to treat the plant base oil, optimizes the plant base oil treatment effect, and the shrimp and rice nutrient material obtained therefrom can further increase shrimp and rice yields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of vegetable oil waste, and in particular to a vegetable base oil processing method, shrimp-rice nutrient material prepared therefrom, and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] During processing, vegetable oils (such as rapeseed oil, corn oil, and soybean oil) require pressing, decolorization, and purification. The pressed vegetable oil serves as the raw material and needs to be stored in storage tanks for subsequent decolorization, purification, and other processes. After a certain period of storage, the vegetable oil needs to be emptied and cleaned. At this point, a large amount of base oil remains at the bottom of the tank, containing a large amount of organic impurities and a high oil content (up to 10-30wt%). Directly discarding this oil would waste resources and pollute the environment. However, it also contains a large amount of impurities, making it unsuitable for recycling for subsequent processing. This creates a dilemma for the treatment of the base oil.

[0003] Patent application CN116283413A discloses a method for processing plant base oil. However, it uses diatomaceous earth and rice bran powder as filter aids, which have technical defects such as limited adsorption capacity and low mechanical strength of the cake. As a result, tiny oil droplets can easily penetrate the filter aid layer during the pressing process, causing secondary pollution. In addition, this solution uses room temperature fermentation bacteria, which has problems such as low efficiency in degrading toxic substances such as long-chain fatty acids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and metabolic products inhibiting bacterial activity. As a result, the fermentation cycle is more than 30 days and the residual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the product are greater than 50μg / kg, which cannot meet the strict requirements of the shrimp-rice co-cultivation system for fertilizer safety. How to achieve efficient pressing and deep resource utilization of plant base oil while ensuring the agricultural safety of the product has become a technical bottleneck restricting the development of the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for treating plant base oil and shrimp and rice nutrients prepared therefrom, and to optimize the plant base oil treatment effect and increase shrimp and rice yields by adjusting the filter aid components and fermentation agents.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for processing plant base oil comprises the following steps: mixing the plant base oil and a filter aid and then pressing to obtain crude oil and a cake; mixing the cake with a fermentation agent to obtain a mixture and fermenting it, and adding the crude oil to the mixture in batches during the fermentation process; the filter aid comprises rice husk ash, bagasse powder and wood ash; and the fermentation agent comprises Chaetomium thermophilum, Pseudomonas putida and Geobacillus stearothermophilus.

[0007] Preferably, the filter aid is added in an amount of 10-30 wt % of the plant base oil.

[0008] More preferably, the filter aid consists of 50-70 wt% of rice husk ash, 20-30 wt% of bagasse powder and 10-20 wt% of wood ash.

[0009] Preferably, the rice husk ash has an amorphous silicon content of ≥60% and a specific surface area of ​​≥200m 2 / g; the fiber length of the bagasse powder is 0.5-2mm, the cellulose content is ≥40%; the potassium content of the wood ash is ≥8%, the calcium content is ≥5%, and the specific surface area is ≥180m 2 / g, pH value 9-11.

[0010] Preferably, soybean meal and / or rapeseed meal are further added to the mixture, and the added amount is 2-5wt% of the vegetable base oil.

[0011] Preferably, the inoculation amount of the fermentation agent is 3-8wt% of the plant base oil.

[0012] More preferably, the fermentation agent is composed of 45-55wt% of Chaetomium thermophilum, 25-35wt% of Pseudomonas putida and 15-25wt% of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥1×10 8 cfu / mL.

[0013] Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 65-75° C., the fermentation time is 18-24 days, the compost is turned every 2-3 days, and the crude oil is added after the first 2-3 turnings.

[0014] The present invention also provides a shrimp-rice nutrient material, and the preparation method comprises: granulating, drying, cooling and coating the fermentation mixture obtained by the plant base oil treatment method.

[0015] The invention also provides application of the shrimp-rice nutrient material in shrimp-rice farming.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention constructs a functional system of adsorption-chemical conversion-nutrient slow release through the synergistic effect of rice husk ash, bagasse powder and wood ash. Experiments show that the composite filter aid of the present invention can significantly improve the adsorption capacity and crude oil yield, and reduce the residual oil rate of the cake, thereby achieving efficient solid-liquid separation of plant base oil. In addition, the rice husk ash and bagasse powder in the filter aid of the present invention are agricultural wastes, and the wood ash comes from the straw burning product, achieving 100% utilization. Based on an annual output of 10,000 tons of plant base oil, it can absorb 4,200 tons of rice husk ash, 1,750 tons of bagasse powder and 1,500 tons of wood ash, reducing the mining of diatomaceous earth by 12,000 m 3 , with significant environmental benefits.

[0018] The present invention utilizes a thermostable composite bacterial consortium of Chaetomium thermophilum, Pseudomonas putida, and Geobacillus stearothermophilus to form a metabolic complementation network under high-temperature fermentation conditions. Experiments have shown that this system achieves high organic matter degradation rates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation, while significantly shortening the fermentation cycle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The invention provides a method for processing plant base oil, comprising the following steps: mixing the plant base oil and a filter aid and then pressing to obtain crude oil and a cake; mixing the cake with a fermentation agent to obtain a mixture and fermenting it, and adding the crude oil to the mixture in batches during the fermentation process; the filter aid comprises rice husk ash, bagasse powder and wood ash; and the fermentation agent comprises thermophilic Chaetomium, Pseudomonas putida and Geobacillus stearothermophilus.

[0020] In the present invention, the preferred vegetable base oil is the muddy substance left after the vegetable oil storage tank is emptied, and further preferably includes rapeseed oil base oil, corn oil base oil, soybean oil base oil and peanut oil base oil.

[0021] In the present invention, the amount of filter aid added is preferably 10-30 wt % of the vegetable base oil, more preferably 15-25 wt %, and even more preferably 20 wt %.

[0022] In the present invention, the filter aid is preferably composed of 50-70wt% rice husk ash, 20-30wt% bagasse powder and 10-20wt% wood ash, more preferably 55-65wt% rice husk ash, 24-26wt% bagasse powder and 14-16wt% wood ash, and more preferably 60wt% rice husk ash, 25wt% bagasse powder and 15wt% wood ash. The amorphous silicon content of the rice husk ash is preferably ≥60%, and the specific surface area is ≥200m 2 / g. The preferred fiber length of bagasse powder is 0.5-2mm, and the cellulose content is ≥40%. The preferred plant ash has a potassium content of ≥8%, a calcium content of ≥5%, and a specific surface area of ​​≥180m 2 / g, pH value 9-11.

[0023] In the present invention, amorphous silicon (≥60%) in rice husk ash has abundant surface hydroxyl active sites, which can efficiently capture polar lipid molecules in plant base oil through chemical adsorption (hydrogen bonding, van der Waals force). Its porous structure (specific surface area ≥200m 2 / g) provides physical adsorption space, preventing secondary seepage of oil droplets during the pressing process. The three-dimensional network structure formed by the cellulose (≥40%) and hemicellulose contained in bagasse powder enhances the mechanical strength of the cake, preventing collapse during pressing and potentially clogging the oil passages. It also gradually releases soluble sugars (such as glucose and xylose) during the subsequent fermentation process, providing a continuous carbon source for thermophilic bacteria. The hierarchical pore structure of wood ash (pore diameter 10-200nm) adsorbs phospholipids and soapstock components through capillary action. Its high alkalinity (pH 9-11) induces saponification of neutral oils to produce water-soluble soaps, significantly improving oil-water separation efficiency. Furthermore, the soluble potassium (K2O ≥8%), active calcium (CaO ≥5%), and phosphates contained in wood ash continuously release nutrients during the fermentation stage, promoting the activity of thermophilic metabolic enzymes (such as lipase and protease), increasing the organic matter degradation rate by over 20%. The three filter aid components of the present invention synergistically form a full-dimensional action system of adsorption-chemical conversion-nutrient supply, which increases the crude oil recovery rate of plant base oil to more than 89%, reduces the residual oil rate of the cake to less than 1.5%, and the water-soluble potassium content in the fermentation product is ≥2.3wt%, which significantly improves the fertilizer efficiency of the subsequent shrimp-rice nutrient feed. In addition, in terms of resource utilization, rice husk ash and bagasse powder are 100% recycled agricultural waste, which can reduce the ecological damage of diatomaceous earth mining; wood ash comes from straw burning products, and through in-situ resource utilization, it can reduce PM 2.5 pollution caused by open-air burning, and its potassium recovery rate can reach more than 85%. The present invention significantly reduces the cost of raw materials. Based on an annual output of 10,000 tons of plants, it can consume 4,200 tons of rice husk ash, 1,750 tons of bagasse powder, and 1,500 tons of wood ash, reducing diatomaceous earth mining by 12,000 m 3 , with both significant environmental and economic benefits.

[0024] In the present invention, preferably soybean meal and / or rapeseed meal is further added to the mixture, and the added amount is 2-5wt% of the vegetable base oil, more preferably 3-4wt%, and even more preferably 3.5%.

[0025] In the present invention, the inoculation amount of the fermentation bacteria is preferably 3-8 wt % of the plant base oil, more preferably 4-7 wt %, and even more preferably 5 wt %.

[0026] In the present invention, the fermentation agent is preferably composed of 45-55wt% of thermophilic Chaetomium, 25-35wt% of Pseudomonas putida and 15-25wt% of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥1×10 8cfu / mL; more preferably, it is composed of 48-52wt% of Chaetomium thermophilum, 28-32wt% of Pseudomonas putida and 18-22wt% of Geobacillus stearothermophilus; more preferably, it is composed of 50wt% of Chaetomium thermophilum, 30wt% of Pseudomonas putida and 20wt% of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. In the present invention, the Chaetomium thermophilum was purchased from the China General Microorganism Collection Center with a collection number of CGMCC 3.17990; the Pseudomonas putida was purchased from the China General Microorganism Collection Center with a collection number of CGMCC 1.2309; and the Geobacillus stearothermophilus was purchased from the China Industrial Microorganism Collection Center with a collection number of CICC 21091. The preferred method for preparing the fermentation agent comprises the following steps: according to the commonly used activation and expansion methods in the art, the Chaetomium thermophilum, Pseudomonas putida and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are activated and expanded respectively to obtain a viable cell count ≥1×10 8 cfu / mL of fermentation broth, and mixing the fermentation broth according to the above proportion to obtain a fermentation agent.

[0027] In the present invention, the thermophilic Chaetomium sp. secretes a thermostable lipase that efficiently decomposes triglycerides in plant base oil into free fatty acids and glycerol. It also adapts to a pH range of 5.0-8.5 and tolerates high salinity and free fatty acid environments in the base oil. It rapidly initiates oil degradation in the early stages of fermentation, providing substrate for subsequent bacterial metabolism. Pseudomonas putida degrades C16-C22 long-chain fatty acids into short-chain fatty acids (C2-C6) via the β-oxidation pathway, preventing fatty acid accumulation and inhibition of bacterial activity. It also decomposes toxic impurities such as phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the base oil, reducing the risk of product toxicity to shrimp and rice. This ensures the stability of the fermentation system and improves the safety of the fermentation product. Geobacillus stearothermophilus secretes thermostable cellulase and protease, degrading cellulose in bagasse powder and plant protein in soybean meal, releasing soluble sugars and amino acids. It also forms thermostable spores, maintaining bacterial activity during compost turning or high temperature fluctuations. This maintains the material's looseness and air permeability, preventing compaction and promoting oxygen access for the thermophilic Chaetomium sp. The three strains of the fermentation agent of the present invention cooperate to construct a high-temperature and high-efficiency fermentation system for plant base oil, thereby realizing the resource utilization of all components of the plant base oil and ensuring the fertilizer efficiency and safety of the shrimp-rice nutrient material.

[0028] In the present invention, the fermentation temperature is preferably 65-75°C, more preferably 70°C; the fermentation time is preferably 18-24 days, more preferably 20 days; the compost is preferably turned once every 2-3 days, and the crude oil obtained is added after the first 2-3 turnings, and more preferably the compost is turned once every 2 days, and the crude oil obtained is added after the first 3 turnings.

[0029] The present invention also provides a shrimp-rice nutrient material, and the preparation method thereof comprises: granulating, drying, cooling and coating the fermentation mixture obtained by the plant base oil treatment method.

[0030] In the present invention, extrusion granulation is preferably used for granulation, and the particle size of the granules is more preferably 1.5-2.5 mm; belt drying is preferably used for drying, and more preferably the drying is performed to a moisture content of ≤8%.

[0031] In the present invention, preferably, the mixed amino acid liquid is sprayed during the granulation process. More preferably, the spraying amount of the amino acid liquid is 50-80 kg / t fermentation mixture. More preferably, the amino acid liquid comprises yeast fermentation waste liquid (solid content 30%) and soybean meal hydrolyzate (enzymatic hydrolysis degree ≥80%) in a volume ratio of 1:1, with a total amino acid content of ≥20% (of which glutamic acid and lysine account for ≥40%).

[0032] In the present invention, the coating is preferably a blend of polylactic acid and starch (PLA: starch = 7:3), with a coating thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm; further preferably, faecal streptococci, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are added to the coating solution, wherein the mass ratio of faecal streptococci, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 1:1:1:1, and the number of viable cells is 1×10 8 CFU / mL encapsulation fluid.

[0033] The invention also provides application of the shrimp-rice nutrient material in shrimp-rice farming.

[0034] In the present invention, the shrimp-rice nutrient material is preferably applied as base fertilizer and / or topdressing in the shrimp-rice co-cultivation field, and the further preferred application amount is 250-300 kg / mu for base application and 60-80 kg / mu for topdressing at the tillering stage and the booting stage respectively.

[0035] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A method for treating plant base oil, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Take 100 kg of rapeseed oil base (oil content 20 wt%) and add 10 kg of filter aid; the filter aid composition is 5 kg of rice husk ash (amorphous silicon ≥ 60%, specific surface area ≥ 200 m 2 / g), 3kg of bagasse powder (fiber length 0.5-2mm, cellulose ≥40%) and 2kg of wood ash (potassium content ≥8%, calcium content ≥5%, specific surface area ≥180m 2 / g, pH value 9-11). After mixing, screw pressing was performed to obtain 18kg of crude oil and 92kg of cake.

[0039] (2) Mixing the cake with fermentation agent: 2 kg of soybean meal and 3 kg of fermentation agent were added to the cake; the fermentation agent was 45 wt% of Chaetomium thermophilum (CGMCC 3.17990), 35 wt% of Pseudomonas putida (CGMCC 1.2309), and 20 wt% of Geobacillus stearothermophilus (CICC 21091), and the number of viable cells was ≥ 1 × 10 8 cfu / mL.

[0040] (3) Fermentation conditions: Fermentation at a constant temperature of 65°C for 24 days, turning the pile every 3 days, and adding 9 kg of crude oil obtained by pressing during the first two turnings.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A method for treating plant base oil, comprising the following steps:

[0043] (1) Take 100 kg of soybean oil (oil content 25 wt%) and add 20 kg of filter aid; the filter aid composition is 12 kg of rice husk ash (amorphous silicon ≥ 60%, specific surface area ≥ 200 m 2 / g), 5kg of bagasse powder (fiber length 0.5-2mm, cellulose ≥40%) and 3kg of wood ash (potassium content ≥8%, calcium content ≥5%, specific surface area ≥180m 2 / g, pH value 9-11). After mixing, screw pressing was performed to obtain 22kg of crude oil and 98kg of cake.

[0044] (2) Mixing of cake and fermentation agent: 3.5 kg of soybean meal and 5 kg of fermentation agent were added to the cake; the fermentation agent was 50 wt% of Chaetomium thermophilum (CGMCC 3.17990), 30 wt% of Pseudomonas putida (CGMCC 1.2309), and 20 wt% of Geobacillus stearothermophilus (CICC 21091), and the number of viable bacteria was ≥ 1 × 10 8 cfu / mL.

[0045] (3) Fermentation conditions: Fermentation at a constant temperature of 70°C for 21 days, turning the pile every 2.5 days, and adding 11 kg of crude oil obtained by pressing during the first two turnings.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A method for treating plant base oil, comprising the following steps:

[0048] (1) Take 100 kg of peanut oil (oil content 30%) and add 30 kg of filter aid: the filter aid composition is 21 kg of rice husk ash (amorphous silicon ≥ 60%, specific surface area ≥ 200m 2 / g), 6kg bagasse powder (fiber length 0.5-2mm, cellulose ≥40%) and 3kg wood ash (potassium content ≥8%, calcium content ≥5%, specific surface area ≥180m2 / g, pH value 9-11). After mixing, screw pressing was performed to obtain 27kg crude oil and 103kg cake.

[0049] (2) Mixing of cake and fermentation agent: 2 kg of soybean meal, 3 kg of rapeseed meal and 8 kg of fermentation agent were added to the cake; the fermentation agent was 50 wt% of Chaetomium thermophilum (CGMCC 3.17990), 25 wt% of Pseudomonas putida (CGMCC 1.2309) and 25 wt% of Geobacillus stearothermophilus (CICC 21091), and the number of viable bacteria was ≥ 1 × 10 8 cfu / mL.

[0050] (3) Fermentation conditions: Fermentation at a constant temperature of 75°C for 18 days, turning the pile every 2 days, and adding 9 kg of crude oil obtained by pressing during the first 3 turnings.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] A shrimp-rice nutrient feed, the preparation process and application method are as follows:

[0053] (1) The plant base oil fermentation product of Example 2 was granulated to a particle size of 2 mm. During the granulation process, 60 kg / t of amino acid liquid (total amino acid content ≥ 20%) was sprayed.

[0054] (2) Dry to a moisture content of ≤8%, cool and coat; the coating liquid is polylactic acid / starch (7:3), with a thickness of 0.2 mm, and a composite bacterial agent (Streptococcus faecalis: photosynthetic bacteria: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens = 1:1:1:1, with a viable cell count of 1×10 8 cfu / mL).

[0055] The prepared shrimp-rice nutrient material was applied to the shrimp-rice co-cultivation field, with a base application of 280 kg / mu and a topdressing of 70 kg / mu each during the tillering stage and the booting stage.

[0056] Test Example 1

[0057] This test example verifies the synergistic effect of the composite filter aid (rice husk ash + bagasse powder + wood ash) of the present invention in the treatment of plant base oil.

[0058] 1. The experimental groups are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1 Filter aid test groups

[0060]

[0061] 2. Experimental materials and methods

[0062] (1) Raw materials:

[0063] Plant base oil: rapeseed oil base oil (oil content of about 20wt%, impurity content of about 15wt%) is uniformly used.

[0064] Filter aids: prepared according to grouping requirements, rice husk ash, bagasse powder, wood ash, diatomaceous earth and rice bran powder were purchased from the market.

[0065] (2) Test process:

[0066] Pressing stage: Mix the base oil and filter aid in the correct proportion, stir for 10 minutes, and let it sit for 30 minutes. Use a screw press to press the mixture, and measure the crude oil yield (%) and residual oil content (%) of the cake. Also measure the filter aid adsorption capacity (mg / g) and cake mechanical strength (kPa).

[0067] Fermentation: All groups of cakes followed the same process (inoculation with 6 wt% of a composite inoculum, fermentation at 70°C for 20 days, and addition of crude oil three times). The organic matter degradation rate (TOC reduction, %) and toxic impurity content (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, μg / kg) in the fermentation products were measured.

[0068] Application stage: 300kg / mu was applied as base fertilizer in the shrimp-rice field, and 70kg / mu was applied at the tillering stage and the heading stage respectively. The yield increase rate (%) of shrimp-rice farming was measured.

[0069] 3. Test results

[0070] As shown in Table 2, the crude oil yield in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the single components (Controls 1-3) and the traditional filter aid (Control 4). This is due to the synergistic effect of the high silicon adsorption of rice husk ash, the enhanced structural support of bagasse powder, and the alkaline saponification of plant ash, forming a dual synergistic mechanism of adsorption and chemical conversion. The residual oil rate in the experimental group was 58% lower than that in Control 4, demonstrating that the filter aid of this invention has a stronger ability to retain tiny oil droplets in plant base oil. The organic matter degradation rate in the experimental group was also higher than that in the other groups. This is due to the continuous release of carbon source by the bagasse powder in the filter aid and the activation of thermophilic enzyme activity by the soluble potassium in the plant ash (K2O ≥ 8%). Toxic impurities (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons < 10 μg / kg) in the experimental group met safety standards, thanks to the adsorption of bagasse fibers and the efficient degradation by Pseudomonas putida. The rice-shrimp hybrid system increased yield by 22.3%, significantly exceeding that of the traditional filter aid group (Control 4). In summary, the filter aid of the present invention is superior to single-component and control solutions in terms of pressing efficiency, fermentation safety and fertilizer efficiency through the synergistic effect of multiple components, and has significant technical advantages.

[0071] Table 2 The effects of different filter aids on the pressing, fermentation and fertilizer effects of plant base oil

[0072]

[0073] Test Example 2

[0074] This test example verifies the synergistic effect of the composite fermentation bacteria agent (Chaetomium thermophilum + Pseudomonas putida + Geobacillus stearothermophilus) of the present invention in the fermentation of plant base oil.

[0075] 1. The experimental groups are shown in Table 3. Among them, Chaetomium thermophilum was purchased from the China General Microorganism Collection Center with the accession number CGMCC 3.17990; Pseudomonas putida was purchased from the China General Microorganism Collection Center with the accession number CGMCC 1.2309; and Geobacillus stearothermophilus was purchased from the China Industrial Microorganism Culture Collection Center with the accession number CICC 21091.

[0076] Table 3 Fermentation agent test groups

[0077]

[0078] 2. Experimental materials and methods

[0079] (1) Raw materials and pretreatment:

[0080] The cake was uniformly used after being pressed with the filter aid of the present invention (60% rice husk ash, 25% bagasse, and 15% wood ash). 3% soybean meal was added to the cake as a nitrogen source, mixed well, and the moisture content was adjusted to 50%.

[0081] (2) Fermentation process:

[0082] Inoculate the cakes with each group of microbial agents in proportion and place them in a constant-temperature fermentation chamber (75°C). Turn the compost every two days. For the first three turnings, add crude oil in the same proportion (a total amount equal to 20% of the initial base oil). Fermentation lasts 20 days, with three replicates per group.

[0083] (3) Index determination

[0084] Fermentation efficiency: residual oil rate, organic matter degradation rate and cellulose degradation rate.

[0085] Metabolic activity: lipase activity, protease activity and cellulase activity.

[0086] Safety of fermentation products: toxic impurities (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, μg / kg).

[0087] Fertilizer efficiency verification: rice seed germination index (GI) and rice biomass.

[0088] 3. Test results

[0089] As shown in Table 4, the residual oil rate in the experimental group was much lower than that in the single-strain and control groups. This is due to the rapid breakdown of oil by the thermostable lipase secreted by Chaetomium thermophilum, the degradation of long-chain fatty acids by Pseudomonas putida, and the simultaneous decomposition of cellulose by Geobacillus stearothermophilus, resulting in metabolic complementarity among the three groups. The lipase activity in the experimental group was 1.1 times that of the control group, indicating that Pseudomonas putida reduces product inhibition by degrading free fatty acids and maintains enzyme activity. PAH levels (<5 μg / kg) in the experimental group met the Class A standard for organic fertilizers, as Pseudomonas putida specifically degrades aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants. The seed germination index and rice biomass in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, as the small organic acids (such as acetic acid and propionic acid) produced by the combined inoculum are more readily absorbed by plants. The cellulose degradation rate in the experimental group was 3.1 times that of the control group, as the fermentation inoculum in the experimental group maintained high enzyme activity at 75°C, while the control group's inoculum partially lost some activity at high temperatures. In summary, the fermentation agent of the present invention achieves efficient and safe conversion of plant base oil through the functional complementarity of multiple strains, and its fertilizer efficiency and stability are significantly better than those of a single strain and the control scheme.

[0090] Table 4 Fermentation effect and fertilizer efficiency of different fermentation agents on plant base oil

[0091]

[0092] Test Example 3

[0093] This test example verifies the application effect of the shrimp-rice nutrient feed (filter aid + fermentation agent treatment) of the present invention in shrimp-rice farming.

[0094] 1. The experimental groups are shown in Table 5.

[0095] Table 5 Grouping of shrimp-rice nutrient feed experiment

[0096]

[0097] Note: The experimental plots were designed in randomized blocks, with 3 replicates per group and a plot area of ​​100 m 2 / District, the rice variety is "Shrimp Rice No. 1", the shrimp species is Procambarus clarkii, and the stocking density is 6,000 per mu.

[0098] 2. Measurement indicators and methods

[0099] (1) Rice growth and yield: yield per mu (kg) and 1000-grain weight (g).

[0100] (2) Shrimp growth indicators: average body weight (g / tail) and yield per mu (kg).

[0101] (3) Soil and water environment: soil organic matter content (g / kg), water ammonia nitrogen content (mg / L) and COD (mg / L).

[0102] (4) Economic benefits: total income (yuan / mu).

[0103] 3. Test results

[0104] As shown in Table 6, the rice yield per mu in the experimental group increased by 7.8% compared to the control group. This is due to the more thorough degradation of organic matter in the plant base oil by the nutrient feed of the present invention, resulting in a stronger continuous fertilization capability. The average shrimp weight in the experimental group increased by 9.8% compared to the control group. This is due to the fact that the small molecules converted from the slow-release organic carbon source and free fatty acids in the nutrient feed of the present invention are more easily absorbed by the shrimp, promoting their growth and metabolism. The simultaneous increase in shrimp yield per mu and average weight demonstrates the superiority of the nutrient feed of the present invention in terms of feed conversion efficiency.

[0105] The experimental group's soil organic matter content increased by 13.2% compared to the control group. This was due to the slow degradation of sugarcane bagasse fiber, combined with the sustained enzyme activity of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, which promoted the accumulation of humus. The COD content in the experimental group's water was only 56.7% of that in the control group. This was due to the composite inoculum thoroughly degrading the lipids and phenolics in the plant base oil, reducing organic residues. The synergistic reduction of ammonia nitrogen and COD in the paddy water demonstrates the dual advantages of the nutrient feed's "fertilizer efficiency and water quality," avoiding the risk of eutrophication caused by incomplete fermentation in the control group.

[0106] Table 6 Effects of applying different shrimp-rice nutrients

[0107]

[0108] Note: Data marked with letters indicate significant differences between groups ( p <0.05), the same letters indicate no significant differences.

[0109] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating plant base oil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The plant base oil and the filter aid are mixed and squeezed to obtain crude oil and a cake; the cake is mixed with a fermentation agent to obtain a mixture, which is fermented, and the crude oil is added to the mixture in batches during the fermentation process; The filter aids include rice husk ash, bagasse powder and wood ash; The fermentation bacteria are Chaetomium thermophilum CGMCC 3.17990, Pseudomonas putida CGMCC 1.2309 and Geobacillus stearothermophilus CICC 21091; The vegetable base oil is the muddy substance left after the vegetable oil storage tank is emptied.

2. The method for treating plant base oil according to claim 1, wherein: The amount of the filter aid added is 10-30 wt % of the plant base oil.

3. The method for treating plant base oil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The filter aid consists of 50-70 wt% of rice husk ash, 20-30 wt% of bagasse powder and 10-20 wt% of wood ash.

4. The method for treating plant base oil according to claim 1, wherein: The rice husk ash has an amorphous silicon content of ≥60% and a specific surface area of ​​≥200m 2 / g; the fiber length of the bagasse powder is 0.5-2mm, the cellulose content is ≥40%; the potassium content of the wood ash is ≥8%, the calcium content is ≥5%, and the specific surface area is ≥180m 2 / g, pH value 9-11.

5. The method for treating plant base oil according to claim 1, wherein: Soybean meal and / or rapeseed meal are further added to the mixture, with the added amount being 2-5wt% of the vegetable base oil.

6. The method for treating plant base oil according to claim 1, wherein: The inoculation amount of the fermentation agent is 3-8wt% of the plant base oil.

7. The method for treating plant base oil according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: The fermentation agent is composed of 45-55wt% of thermophilic Chaetomium, 25-35wt% of Pseudomonas putida and 15-25wt% of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥1×10 8 cfu / mL.

8. The method for treating plant base oil according to claim 1, wherein: The fermentation temperature is 65-75° C., the fermentation time is 18-24 days, and the compost is turned every 2-3 days. The crude oil is added after the first 2-3 turnings.

9. A shrimp-rice nutrient material, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: granulating, drying, cooling and coating the fermentation mixture obtained by the plant base oil treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the shrimp-rice nutrient material according to claim 9 in shrimp-rice farming.

Images