Bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction, and relates to the field of orthopedic implantation medical instruments. The bionic prosthesis comprises a clavicle prosthesis used for being fixedly connected with a clavicle; the acromion prosthesis is used for being fixedly connected with the acromion; the connecting prosthesis is arranged between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis, one end of the connecting prosthesis is movably connected with the clavicle prosthesis, and the other end of the connecting prosthesis is rotatably connected with the acromion prosthesis; the clavicle prosthesis comprises a moving cylinder and a clavicle fixing assembly, one end of the moving cylinder is movably connected with the connecting prosthesis, a guide groove is formed in the other end of the moving cylinder, a first insertion end is arranged at the end, close to the moving cylinder, of the clavicle fixing assembly, and the first insertion end is movably arranged in the guide groove in the forming direction of the guide groove. When the clavicle and the acromion move relatively, the clavicle prosthesis can be finely adjusted, the problem of stress concentration between the clavicle fixing assembly and the clavicle is solved, and the dynamic activity requirement can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of orthopedic implant medical devices, and particularly to a bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction. Background Art

[0002] Acromioclavicular joint tumors are neoplastic lesions occurring in the acromioclavicular joint and its surrounding tissues. Due to the relatively special anatomical position of the acromioclavicular joint, the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of its tumors all have certain characteristics. The following will be introduced in detail from aspects such as anatomical basis, diagnostic methods, and treatment principles: 1. Anatomical position: The acromioclavicular joint is composed of the medial edge of the acromion of the scapula and the lateral end (acromial end) of the clavicle, belonging to a synovial joint with a small range of motion. Structures such as the acromioclavicular ligament and coracoclavicular ligament surround it to maintain stability.

[0003] 2. Tissue composition: There is a fibrocartilage disc (incomplete in some people) within the joint, and the joint is covered by a joint capsule. The surrounding tissues include muscles (such as the deltoid muscle and trapezius muscle), ligaments, and bone tissues (clavicle and acromion).

[0004] 3. Conditions for tumor occurrence: The bone tissue, cartilage, synovium, ligaments, and surrounding soft tissues of the acromioclavicular joint can all be the origin sites of tumors. Primary tumors are relatively rare, and metastatic tumors need to be vigilant.

[0005] 4. Diagnostic methods: X-rays are used for preliminary observation of bone destruction, hyperplasia, mass shadows, etc. Benign tumors mostly show clearly demarcated bone changes, while malignant tumors show osteolytic or osteoblastic destruction and periosteal reaction. CT / MRI can clearly show the bone details and the scope of tumor invasion; MRI is better at showing soft tissue masses, bone marrow infiltration, and nerve and blood vessel compression.

[0006] 5. Treatment principle: Perform an extended resection according to the tumor scope, and it may be necessary to resect part of the clavicle, acromion, and surrounding soft tissues. If necessary, joint reconstruction (such as artificial prosthesis replacement or allograft bone transplantation) is combined.

[0007] If a large-scale resection of bone tissue or joint structure is involved during the surgery for acromioclavicular joint tumors, a prosthesis (implant) is required for joint reconstruction or functional repair. Currently, the application of prostheses for the acromioclavicular joint in clinical practice is relatively rare (because the acromioclavicular joint is a synovial joint with special functional requirements for the prosthesis), but different prostheses are applied according to the tumor resection scope and reconstruction needs.

[0008] See Figure 1As shown, for cases where the lateral end of the clavicle and the acromion are partially resected (the resected part is between the two dashed lines and part of the autologous ligament 12), and the acromioclavicular joint needs to retain its micromotion function (such as in the resection of benign tumors or joint-preserving surgeries for some malignant tumors). The acromioclavicular joint prosthesis is usually made of metal. One end of the acromioclavicular joint prosthesis is fixedly connected to the cut end of the clavicle, and the other end of the acromioclavicular joint prosthesis is fixedly connected to the cut end of the acromion. The means of fixed connection generally uses tapered threads or bone cement to achieve permanent fixed connection, and at the same time, the stability is maintained through a locking mechanism or ligament reconstruction structure. However, the existing acromioclavicular joint prosthesis sacrifices joint mobility in order to maintain stability, resulting in postoperative shoulder joint stiffness and limited upper limb function; and because the connection between the prosthesis and the bone is a rigid fixed structure (such as tapered thread fixation), stress concentration occurs between the prosthesis and the bone. In long-term use, the prosthesis loosens due to the large stress, increasing the failure rate of osseointegration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction to meet the dynamic activity requirements after reconstruction. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: how to install a bionic prosthesis that can meet the dynamic activity requirements after partial resection of the lateral end of the clavicle and the acromion.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction provided by the present invention includes: A clavicle prosthesis for fixedly connecting with the clavicle; An acromion prosthesis for fixedly connecting with the acromion; A connecting prosthesis disposed between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis. One end of the connecting prosthesis is rotatably connected to the clavicle prosthesis, and the other end of the connecting prosthesis is movably connected to the acromion prosthesis; The clavicle prosthesis includes a moving cylinder and a clavicle fixing component. One end of the moving cylinder is movably connected to the connecting prosthesis. A guiding groove is formed inside the other end of the moving cylinder. One end of the clavicle fixing component close to the moving cylinder is provided with a first insertion end, and the first insertion end is movably disposed inside the guiding groove along the opening direction of the guiding groove.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, a connecting prosthesis is arranged between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis. When the shoulder joint needs to move, that is, when the clavicle and the acromion move relative to each other, it will drive the relative movement between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis. At this time, the connecting body and the acromion prosthesis are movably connected to realize the relative movement between the clavicle and the acromion; at the same time, one end of the moving cylinder is movably connected to the connecting prosthesis, and the first insertion end of the clavicle fixing component is movably arranged inside the guiding groove along the opening direction of the guiding groove. When the clavicle and the acromion move relative to each other, the clavicle prosthesis can be finely adjusted to solve the problem of stress concentration between the clavicle fixing component and the clavicle, that is, relieve the stress between the prosthesis and the bone. Therefore, after partial resection of the outer end of the clavicle and the acromion, this bionic prosthesis can meet the dynamic activity requirements.

[0012] In one embodiment, a ball head is arranged at one end of the connecting prosthesis, and a ball socket is arranged at the end of the moving cylinder, and the ball head is arranged inside the ball socket.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient for the clavicle prosthesis and the connecting prosthesis to rotate in any direction, so as to further meet the dynamic activity requirements.

[0014] In one embodiment, a receiving space is formed between the inner wall of the guiding groove and the end of the first insertion end, and compressed air is filled inside the receiving space.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement between the first insertion end and the guiding groove is controlled within a certain range to avoid excessive movement. At the same time, the above design forms a hydraulic cylinder slide rail design, which can absorb external impact loads and reduce the loads borne by the bone and the bionic prosthesis when being externally impacted; the above design also plays a role in preventing the prosthesis from detaching from the bone.

[0016] In one embodiment, a second insertion end is arranged at the end of the clavicle fixing component away from the moving cylinder, and the second insertion end is used to insert into the inside of the clavicle to fix the clavicle prosthesis on the clavicle; a limiting structure is arranged at the connection between the clavicle fixing component and the second insertion end.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection strength between the clavicle fixing component and the clavicle is enhanced, and at the same time, the second insertion end is prevented from further extending into the inside of the clavicle, that is, the prosthesis is prevented from sinking.

[0018] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the second insertion end is sequentially sleeved with a first pore layer and a second pore layer from inside to outside. The pore diameter of the pores on the first pore layer is larger than that of the pores on the second pore layer, and the porosity of the first pore layer is larger than that of the second pore layer.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, it accelerates the migration of osteocytes, improves the strength of the combination between the prosthesis and the bone, promotes the growth of blood vessels, and shortens the time for the integration of the prosthesis and the bone.

[0020] In one embodiment, the second connecting component includes an ellipsoidal seat and an ellipsoidal head. The ellipsoidal seat is fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting body close to the acromial prosthesis, and the ellipsoidal head is fixedly arranged on the acromial prosthesis to enable the ellipsoidal head to rotate inside the ellipsoidal seat.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotational movement between the connecting prosthesis and the acromial prosthesis can be realized. At the same time, the above contact stress distribution is close to that of the natural joint, balancing the bone integration efficiency and the dynamic activity requirements.

[0022] In one embodiment, the acromial prosthesis includes an acromial connecting piece and an acromial main body. An ellipsoidal head is fixedly arranged on one side of the acromial main body close to the connecting body. The acromial connecting piece is arranged between the acromial main body and the acromion. The acromial main body and the acromial connecting piece are fixed to the acromion by screws; the acromial connecting piece includes a dense layer on the outside and a porous layer on the inside. The pore diameter of the pores on the porous layer is larger than that of the pores on the dense layer, and the porosity of the porous layer is larger than that of the dense layer.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the acromial main body and the acromion is carried out through the peak connecting piece and fixed by screws, which not only stably fixes the acromial prosthesis on the acromion. At the same time, the dense layer of the peak connecting piece can be used for bearing weight and promoting blood vessel ingrowth, and the porous layer of the peak connecting piece accelerates the migration of bone cells, further improving the strength of the prosthesis-bone combination and further shortening the time of prosthesis-bone integration.

[0024] In one embodiment, a bionic ligament is arranged between the clavicular prosthesis and the scapula; and / or, a bionic ligament is arranged between the acromial prosthesis and the scapula; and / or, a bionic ligament is arranged between the connecting body and the scapula; The bionic ligament is a telescopic structure.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the bionic ligament is an autologous ligament, further meeting the dynamic activity requirements and improving the stability. At the same time, this design further plays a role in preventing the prosthesis from detaching from the bone.

[0026] In one embodiment, the bionic ligament includes a prosthesis fixing rod, a fiber bundle group and a scapula fixing rod. One end of the prosthesis fixing rod close to the connecting body is connected to the connecting hole opened on the connecting body through a claw, and the prosthesis fixing rod and the connecting body can rotate relative to each other; One end of the scapula fixing rod close to the scapula is fixedly connected to the scapula by screws; One end of the fiber bundle group is fixed to the inner wall of the prosthesis fixing rod, and one end of the fiber bundle group is fixed to the inner wall of the scapula fixing rod. The prosthesis fixing rod is movably arranged inside the scapula fixing rod to realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group; The fiber bundle group includes a plurality of fiber bundles. The fiber bundles in the cross-section of the fiber bundle group are distributed in a circular pattern to achieve equidistant elastic fixation.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the position design of the fiber bundle group can realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group, and the specific design of the fiber bundle group can realize equidistant elastic fixation, thereby further improving the stability during joint movement; the force sensor monitors the tensile force and compressive force of the fiber bundle group, avoids damage to the bionic ligament caused by excessive tensile force and pressure, and monitors whether the bionic ligament can work normally.

[0028] In one embodiment, a plurality of channels are formed in the connecting body. The opening direction of the channels is the same as the direction of the autologous ligament. One end of the autologous ligament is fixed inside the channels to achieve equidistant elastic fixation.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the original autologous ligament is connected to the prosthesis. And through the design of the opening direction of the channels, the connection of the autologous ligament is close to the original direction and effect. Moreover, the opening direction of the channels can be designed according to the direction of the autologous ligament, improving the adaptability. At the same time, the stability during joint movement is improved.

[0030] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By arranging a connecting prosthesis between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis, when the shoulder joint needs to move, that is, when the clavicle and the acromion move relative to each other, it will drive the relative movement between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis. At this time, the connecting body and the acromion prosthesis are movably connected to realize the relative movement between the clavicle and the acromion; meanwhile, one end of the moving cylinder is movably connected to the connecting prosthesis, and the first insertion end of the clavicle fixing assembly is movably arranged inside the guiding groove along the opening direction of the guiding groove. When the clavicle and the acromion move relative to each other, the clavicle prosthesis can be finely adjusted to solve the problem of stress concentration between the clavicle fixing assembly and the clavicle, that is, relieve the stress between the prosthesis and the bone. Therefore, after partial resection of the outer end of the clavicle and the acromion, this bionic prosthesis can meet the dynamic activity requirements; 2. By forming a hydraulic cylinder slide rail design with the moving cylinder and the clavicle fixing assembly, not only can the clavicle prosthesis itself be telescopic to further meet the dynamic activity requirements, but also the excessive movement between the first insertion end and the guiding groove can be avoided. At the same time, when receiving an external impact, the load borne by the bone and the bionic prosthesis is reduced, and loosening between the prosthesis and the bone is avoided; 3. Through the specific design of the bionic ligament, the position design of the fiber bundle group can achieve the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group, and the specific design of the fiber bundle group can achieve isometric elastic fixation, thereby further meeting the dynamic activity requirements during joint movement and improving stability; at the same time, this design plays a role in preventing the prosthesis from detaching from the bone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the background art of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction and bone according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is an axial sectional view of the second insertion end according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 3 top view of; Figure 6 is an exploded view of the bionic ligament according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1 - Clavicle fixation component, 101 - First insertion end, 102 - Second insertion end, 2 - Moving cylinder, 201 - Guide groove, 3 - Connection body, 301 - Channel, 4 - First connection component, 401 - Ball head, 402 - Ball seat, 5 - Second connection component, 501 - Ellipsoidal head, 502 - Ellipsoidal seat, 6 - Acromion prosthesis, 601 - Acromion main body, 602 - Acromion connecting piece, 7 - Bionic ligament, 701 - Prosthesis fixing rod, 702 - Fiber bundle group, 703 - Scapula fixing rod, 8 - Clavicle, 9 - Acromion, 10 - Scapula, 11 - Screw, 12 - Autologous ligament. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction in the embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, the bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction includes a clavicle prosthesis for fixedly connecting with the clavicle 8; an acromion prosthesis 6 for fixedly connecting with the acromion 9; a connecting prosthesis disposed between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis 6, one end of the connecting prosthesis is movably connected with the clavicle prosthesis, and the other end of the connecting prosthesis is movably connected with the acromion prosthesis 6; the clavicle prosthesis includes a moving cylinder 2 and a clavicle fixing component 1, one end of the moving cylinder 2 is movably connected with the connecting prosthesis, a guiding groove 201 is formed inside the other end of the moving cylinder 2, and a first insertion end 101 is provided at one end of the clavicle fixing component 1 close to the moving cylinder 2, and the first insertion end 101 is movably disposed inside the guiding groove 201 along the opening direction of the guiding groove 201.

[0035] It can be seen from this that in the present invention, the clavicle prosthesis is fixedly installed at the cutting part of the clavicle 8, the acromion prosthesis 6 is fixedly installed at the cutting part of the acromion 9, and a connecting prosthesis is disposed between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis 6. When the shoulder joint needs to move, that is, when the clavicle 8 and the acromion 9 move relatively, it will drive the relative movement between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis 6. At this time, the connecting body and the acromion prosthesis 6 are movably connected to realize the relative movement between the clavicle 8 and the acromion 9; at the same time, one end of the moving cylinder 2 is movably connected with the connecting prosthesis, and the first insertion end 101 of the clavicle fixing component 1 is movably disposed inside the guiding groove 201 along the opening direction of the guiding groove 201. When the clavicle 8 and the acromion 9 move relatively, the clavicle prosthesis can be finely adjusted to solve the problem of stress concentration between the clavicle fixing component 1 and the clavicle 8, that is, relieve the stress between the prosthesis and the bone. Therefore, after partial resection of the outer end of the clavicle and the acromion, the bionic prosthesis can meet the dynamic activity requirements.

[0036] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 shown, a specific structure of the connecting prosthesis is provided: The connecting prosthesis includes a connecting body 3, a first connecting component 4 and a second connecting component 5. One end of the connecting body 3 is rotatably connected with the clavicle prosthesis through the first connecting component 4, and the other end of the connecting body 3 is rotatably connected with the acromion prosthesis 6 through the second connecting component 5; the first connecting component 4 is a ball-and-socket joint, and the ball-and-socket joint includes a socket 402 and a ball head 401. The ball head 401 is fixedly disposed at one end of the connecting body 3 close to the moving cylinder 2, and the socket 402 is formed at one end of the moving cylinder 2 close to the connecting body 3 to enable the ball head 401 to rotate in any direction inside the socket 402.

[0037] Specifically, the ball head 401 is fixedly installed on one of the structures of the connecting body 3 or the clavicle prosthesis, and the ball seat 402 is fixedly installed on the other structure of the connecting body 3 or the clavicle prosthesis. The ball head 401 is located inside the ball seat 402, and the ball head 401 can rotate in any direction inside the ball seat 402, so as to facilitate the rotational movement in any direction between the clavicle prosthesis and the connecting prosthesis, thereby further meeting the dynamic activity requirements; the interior of the ball head 401 is made of silicon nitride ceramic ball head 401, and the outside is provided with a PEEK (polyetheretherketone) material layer to reduce stress shielding (when two or more materials with different stiffnesses jointly bear external forces, the material with higher stiffness will bear more loads, while the material with lower stiffness will only bear lower loads).

[0038] For further information, see Figure 2 As shown, on the basis that the ball head 401 is fixedly mounted on the connecting body 3 and the ball seat 402 is fixedly mounted on the clavicle prosthesis, a specific structure of a clavicle prosthesis is provided: The clavicle prosthesis includes a movable cylinder 2 and a clavicle fixing assembly 1. A ball seat 402 is provided inside one end of the movable cylinder 2, and a guide groove 201 is provided inside the other end of the movable cylinder 2. The first insertion end 101 of the clavicle fixing assembly 1 is movably arranged inside the guide groove 201 to realize relative movement between the movable cylinder 2 and the clavicle fixing assembly 1 along the direction of the guide groove 201. The second insertion end 102 of the clavicle fixing assembly 1 is used to be inserted into the interior of the clavicle 8 to fix the clavicle prosthesis on the clavicle 8.

[0039] Specifically, the movable cylinder 2 is a solid cylinder, and a ball seat 402 is provided inside one end of the movable cylinder 2, which is provided according to the diameter of the ball head 401, and a guide groove 201 is provided inside the other end of the movable cylinder 2. A first insertion end 101 is fixedly provided at one end of the clavicle fixing component 1 close to the movable cylinder 2, and the first insertion end 101 is movably provided inside the guide groove 201 to realize relative movement between the movable cylinder 2 and the clavicle fixing component 1 along the direction of the guide groove 201, and the first insertion end 101 will not detach from the inside of the guide groove 201; a second insertion end 102 is fixedly provided at one end of the clavicle fixing component 1 away from the movable cylinder 2, and the second insertion end 102 is inserted into the inside of the clavicle 8 to fix the clavicle prosthesis on the clavicle 8; the design of the movable cylinder 2 of the clavicle prosthesis not only realizes rotational movement in any direction between the clavicle prosthesis and the connecting prosthesis, but also the clavicle prosthesis itself can be retracted, thereby further improving the satisfaction of dynamic activity requirements.

[0040] For further information, see Figure 3As shown, the surface of the second insertion end 102 is designed with a double coating. The internal part is a titanium alloy substrate, and the external part is a hydroxyapatite coating (with a thickness of 0.3 mm and a contact angle ≤ 55°) to enhance the stability of the bone-prosthesis interface. The connection between the second insertion end 102 and the clavicle fixation component 1 is designed as a multi-taper mechanical fitting structure (limiting structure), so that a larger contact area is formed between this connection and the proximal bone surface of the retained clavicle 8, and at the same time, prosthesis sinking is prevented.

[0041] Preferably, as shown in Figure 3 a hydraulic cylinder slide rail buffer structure is designed on the specific structure of the above-mentioned clavicle prosthesis: The inner wall of the guide groove 201 and the end of the first insertion end 101 form a receiving space, and compressed air is filled inside the receiving space.

[0042] Specifically, the inside of the guide groove 201, the side wall of the guide groove 201, and the end face of the first insertion end 101 enclose a receiving space with variable volume, and compressed air is filled inside the receiving space to control the movement between the first insertion end 101 and the guide groove 201 within a certain range and avoid excessive movement. Specifically: when the clavicle fixation component 1 approaches the moving cylinder 2, the first insertion end 101 will penetrate deeper into the inside of the receiving space, reducing the volume of the receiving space, thereby compressing the air inside the receiving space and increasing the pressure inside the receiving space, so as to drive the clavicle fixation component 1 away from the moving cylinder 2; At the same time, the above design forms a hydraulic cylinder slide rail design, which can absorb external impact loads and reduce the loads borne by the bone and the bionic prosthesis when subjected to external impacts; the hydraulic sensor can monitor the load in real time; the above design also plays a role in preventing the prosthesis from detaching from the bone; the surface of the first insertion end 101 is made of silicon nitride ceramic material to reduce the friction during sliding.

[0043] It should be noted that the prosthesis and the bone are also wrapped with muscles, so as to control the maximum stretching distance, and the maximum compression distance is controlled by the air pressure in the receiving space.

[0044] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 4 As described, the outer wall of the second insertion end 102 is sequentially sleeved with a first pore layer 1021 and a second pore layer 1022 from the inside to the outside. The pore diameter of the pores on the first pore layer 1021 is larger than that of the pores on the second pore layer 1022, and the porosity of the first pore layer 1021 is greater than that of the second pore layer 1022, so as to realize the acceleration of bone cell migration by the first pore layer 1021 and the promotion of blood vessel ingrowth by the second pore layer 1022.

[0045] Specifically, the pore diameter of the first pore layer 1021 is designed to be 300 μm, and the porosity is designed to be 70%, so as to accelerate the migration of bone cells and improve the strength of the prosthesis-bone union; the pore diameter of the second pore layer 1022 is designed to be 100 μm, and the porosity is designed to be 60%, so as to promote the ingrowth of blood vessels and shorten the time for the prosthesis to integrate with the bone; The combination of a pore diameter of 300 μm and a porosity of 70% creates a microenvironment that is extremely conducive to the rapid migration, proliferation, differentiation, and ultimately the formation of mature bone tissue by bone cells, significantly improving the strength and speed of the formation of a firm and direct bone union (i.e., bone integration) between the prosthesis and the host bone; The combination of a pore diameter of 100 μm and a porosity of 60% creates a microenvironment that is highly conducive to the migration, proliferation, and rapid formation of a functional capillary network by vascular endothelial cells; The above-mentioned double-layer pore diameter design of "small outside and large inside" is essentially a targeted optimization based on the different biological behaviors of two key cells, bone cells and vascular endothelial cells, and the differences in their spatial requirements for the microenvironment.

[0046] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 A specific structure of the second connection component 5 is provided: The second connection component 5 includes an ellipsoidal seat 502 and an ellipsoidal head 501. The ellipsoidal seat 502 is fixedly arranged at one end of the connection body 3 close to the acromial prosthesis 6, and the ellipsoidal head 501 is fixedly arranged on the acromial prosthesis 6 to enable the ellipsoidal head 501 to rotate inside the ellipsoidal seat 502 with the axis of the ellipsoidal head 501 as the rotation axis.

[0047] Specifically, the ellipsoidal head 501 is fixedly installed on one of the structures of the connection body 3 or the acromial prosthesis 6, and the ellipsoidal seat 502 is fixedly installed on the other structure of the connection body 3 or the acromial prosthesis 6. The ellipsoidal head 501 is located inside the ellipsoidal seat 502, and the ellipsoidal head 501 rotates inside the ellipsoidal seat 502 with the axis of the ellipsoidal head 501 as the rotation axis, so as to enable the acromial prosthesis 6 to rotate with the axis of the ellipsoidal head 501 as the rotation axis relative to the connection body 3; based on the CT three-dimensional reconstruction data of the acromioclavicular joint of Asian adults, an asymmetric concave-convex ellipsoidal contact surface (convex surface curvature radius R = 8 - 12 mm, concave surface R = 10 - 15 mm) is designed, and the contact stress distribution is close to that of the natural joint, with a hyperbolic ellipsoidal movable joint surface, reducing stress shielding and balancing the bone integration efficiency and dynamic activity requirements; it can be understood that the second connection component 5 can also be designed to have the same structure as the first connection component 4 to meet the multi-directional rotation requirements.

[0048] It should be noted that the prosthesis and the bone are surrounded by muscles, which can prevent the ellipsoidal head 501 from detaching from the inside of the ellipsoidal seat 502.

[0049] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2 、Figure 5 As shown in the figure, on the basis that the ellipsoidal seat 502 is fixedly installed on the connecting body 3 and the ellipsoidal head 501 is fixedly installed on the acromial prosthesis 6, a specific structure of the acromial prosthesis 6 is provided: The acromial prosthesis 6 includes an acromial connecting member 602 and an acromial main body 601. An ellipsoidal head 501 is fixedly arranged on one side of the acromial main body 601 close to the connecting body 3. The acromial connecting member 602 is arranged between the acromial main body 601 and the acromion 9. The acromial main body 601 and the acromial connecting member 602 are fixed to the acromion 9 by screws 11; the acromial connecting member 602 includes a dense layer on the outside and a porous layer on the inside. The pore diameter of the pores on the porous layer is larger than that of the pores on the dense layer, and the porosity of the porous layer is larger than that of the dense layer, so as to realize that the porous layer accelerates the migration of osteocytes and the dense layer promotes the ingrowth of blood vessels.

[0050] Specifically, the acromial connecting member 602 is made of 3D printed porous tantalum metal, and the interface with the bone is printed into a 3D porous structure. The dense layer of the connecting member can be used for load-bearing and promoting the ingrowth of blood vessels, and the porous layer of the connecting member accelerates the migration of osteocytes, further improving the strength of the prosthesis-bone combination and further shortening the time of prosthesis-bone integration.

[0051] Furthermore, the surface of the acromial main body 601 is treated with a silver ion coating (silver loading 0.5 wt%) to achieve an antibacterial effect, and a hydroxyapatite composite coating (thickness 0.3 mm) is coated on the outside of the silver ion coating to enhance the bonding strength between the tissue and the prosthesis.

[0052] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 a bionic ligament 7 is arranged between the clavicular prosthesis and the scapula 10; and / or, a bionic ligament 7 is arranged between the acromial prosthesis 6 and the scapula 10; and / or, a bionic ligament 7 is arranged between the connecting body 3 and the scapula 10; The bionic ligament 7 is a telescopic structure.

[0053] Specifically, the bionic ligament 7 replaces the cut ligament, further improving the satisfaction of dynamic activity requirements and stability. At the same time, this design further plays an anti-dislocation role between the prosthesis and the bone.

[0054] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6 a specific structure of the bionic ligament 7 is provided: The bionic ligament 7 includes a prosthesis fixing rod 701, a fiber bundle group 702, and a scapula fixing rod 703. One end of the prosthesis fixing rod 701 close to the connecting body 3 is connected to the connecting hole opened on the connecting body 3 through a claw, and the prosthesis fixing rod 701 and the connecting body 3 can rotate relative to each other; one end of the scapula fixing rod 703 close to the scapula 10 is fixedly connected to the scapula 10 through a screw 11; one end of the fiber bundle group 702 is fixed to the inner wall of the prosthesis fixing rod 701, one end of the fiber bundle group 702 is fixed to the inner wall of the scapula fixing rod 703, and the prosthesis fixing rod 701 is movably arranged inside the scapula fixing rod 703 to realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group 702; the fiber bundle group 702 includes a plurality of fiber bundles, and the fiber bundles in the cross section of the fiber bundle group 702 are circularly distributed to realize equidistant elastic fixation.

[0055] Specifically, the position design of the fiber bundle group 702 can realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group 702, and the specific design of the fiber bundle group 702 can realize equidistant elastic fixation, thereby further improving the stability during joint movement; the fiber bundle adopts a PEEK / carbon fiber composite material (elastic modulus 3.5GPa), simulating the elastic modulus of the natural ligament (10 - 20GPa), solving the problem that the existing metal cable (200GPa) replaces the natural ligament, resulting in a large stress shielding effect, and avoiding the large bone load during impact, which will increase the risk of postoperative rotator cuff injury.

[0056] Further, as shown in Figure 2 shown, a dynamic limit groove (groove width 1.3mm ± 0.1mm) is provided at the connection end of the bionic ligament 7 and the prosthesis, allowing the prosthesis fixing rod 701 to slide ±2.5mm, thereby further meeting the dynamic movement requirements.

[0057] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 shown, a plurality of channels 301 are opened on the connecting body 3, and the opening direction of the channels 301 is used to be the same as the direction of the autologous ligament 12. One end of the autologous ligament 12 is fixed inside the channel 301 to realize equidistant elastic fixation.

[0058] Specifically, the original autologous ligament 12 (such as the coracoclavicular ligament, the remaining part) is connected to the prosthesis, and through the design of the opening direction of the channel 301, the connection of the autologous ligament 12 is close to the original direction and effect, and the opening direction of the channel 301 can be designed according to the direction of the autologous ligament 12 to improve the adaptability, and at the same time, improve the stability during joint movement; for example, the specific design is that the number of channels 301 is 3 - 5, the diameter is 4 - 6mm, and the inner surface of the channel 301 is provided with a hydroxyapatite coating.

[0059] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction, characterized in that, It includes: A clavicle prosthesis for fixedly connecting with the clavicle (8); An acromion prosthesis (6) for fixedly connecting with the acromion (9); A connecting prosthesis disposed between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis (6), one end of the connecting prosthesis is rotatably connected with the clavicle prosthesis, and the other end of the connecting prosthesis is movably connected with the acromion prosthesis (6); The clavicle prosthesis includes a moving cylinder (2) and a clavicle fixing component (1). One end of the moving cylinder (2) is movably connected with the connecting prosthesis. A guiding groove (201) is formed inside the other end of the moving cylinder (2). One end of the clavicle fixing component (1) close to the moving cylinder (2) is provided with a first insertion end (101), and the first insertion end (101) is movably disposed inside the guiding groove (201) along the opening direction of the guiding groove (201).

2. The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the connecting prosthesis is provided with a ball head (401), and the end of the moving cylinder (2) is provided with a ball socket (402), and the ball head (401) is disposed inside the ball socket (402).

3. The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to claim 1, wherein: The inner wall of the guiding groove (201) and the end of the first insertion end (101) form a receiving space, and compressed air is filled inside the receiving space.

4. The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the clavicle fixing component (1) away from the moving cylinder (2) is provided with a second insertion end (102), and the second insertion end (102) is used for inserting into the inside of the clavicle (8) to fix the clavicle prosthesis on the clavicle (8); a limiting structure is provided at the connection between the clavicle fixing component (1) and the second insertion end (102).

5. The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the second insertion end (102) is sequentially sleeved with a first hole layer (1021) and a second hole layer (1022) from inside to outside. The aperture of the holes on the first hole layer (1021) is larger than the aperture of the holes on the second hole layer (1022), and the porosity of the first hole layer (1021) is greater than the porosity of the second hole layer (1022).

6. The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to claim 2, wherein: The second connecting component (5) includes an ellipsoidal socket (502) and an ellipsoidal head (501). The ellipsoidal socket (502) is fixedly disposed at one end of the connecting body (3) close to the acromion prosthesis (6), and the ellipsoidal head (501) is fixedly disposed on the acromion prosthesis (6) to enable the ellipsoidal head (501) to rotate inside the ellipsoidal socket (502).

7. The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to claim 6, wherein: The acromion prosthesis (6) includes an acromion connecting member (602) and an acromion main body (601). An ellipsoidal head (501) is fixedly disposed on one side of the acromion main body (601) close to the connecting body (3). The acromion connecting member (602) is disposed between the acromion main body (601) and the acromion (9). The acromion main body (601) and the acromion connecting member (602) are fixed to the acromion (9) by screws (11); the acromion connecting member (602) includes a dense layer on the outside and a porous layer on the inside. The aperture of the holes on the porous layer is larger than the aperture of the holes on the dense layer, and the porosity of the porous layer is greater than the porosity of the dense layer.

8. The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bionic ligament (7) is disposed between the clavicle prosthesis and the scapula (10); And / or, a bionic ligament (7) is disposed between the acromion prosthesis (6) and the scapula (10); And / or, a bionic ligament (7) is provided between the connecting body (3) and the scapula (10); The bionic ligament (7) is a telescopic structure.

9. The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to claim 8, wherein: The bionic ligament (7) includes a prosthesis fixing rod (701), a fiber bundle group (702) and a scapula fixing rod (703). One end of the prosthesis fixing rod (701) close to the connecting body (3) is connected to a connecting hole formed on the connecting body (3) through a claw, and the prosthesis fixing rod (701) and the connecting body (3) can rotate relative to each other; One end of the scapula fixing rod (703) close to the scapula (10) is fixedly connected to the scapula (10) through a screw (11); One end of the fiber bundle group (702) is fixed to the inner wall of the prosthesis fixing rod (701), one end of the fiber bundle group (702) is fixed to the inner wall of the scapula fixing rod (703), and the prosthesis fixing rod (701) is movably arranged inside the scapula fixing rod (703) to realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group (702); The fiber bundle group (702) includes a plurality of fiber bundles, and the fiber bundles in the cross section of the fiber bundle group (702) are circumferentially distributed to realize equidistant elastic fixation.

10. The bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of channels (301) are formed on the connecting body (3), and the opening direction of the channels (301) is the same as the direction of the autologous ligament (12). One end of the autologous ligament is fixed inside the channels (301) to realize equidistant elastic fixation.

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