High-weather-resistance photovoltaic panel coating material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-weather-resistance photovoltaic panel coating material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of coating materials. When the high-weather-resistance photovoltaic panel coating material is prepared, 4, 4 '-dibromo benzophenone and N-methylallylamine react to prepare a functional monomer; the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out a reaction on dimethyl diethoxy silane, allyl dimethyl methoxy silane and (N, N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl) trimethoxy silane, and then carrying out a reaction on the obtained product and 3-trifluoromethyl phenylpropyl bromide so as to prepare modified polysiloxane; the preparation method comprises the following steps: reacting microcrystalline cellulose with maleic anhydride, 2-amino-3-cyano-4, 5-dimethyl pyrrole, N, N-diethyl hydroxylamine and 1-(4-hydroxybenzene) ethanol in sequence, so as to prepare functional cellulose; the functional cellulose, the modified polysiloxane, the functional monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate and tetrahydrofuran are mixed, and the high-weather-resistance photovoltaic panel coating material is prepared. The high-weather-resistance photovoltaic panel coating material prepared by the invention has antifouling, waterproof, dustproof and self-repairing capabilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coating materials, and specifically to a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic panel, also known as a solar panel, is a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy. It utilizes the photovoltaic effect that occurs in semiconductor materials under illumination conditions to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. Under the existing technical conditions, it is often necessary to add a coating on the surface to maintain stability. With the rapid development of technology and industry, building a green, environmentally friendly, clean and efficient renewable energy supply system has become the general trend of future development. Humanity's dependence on renewable energy is increasing. Among various renewable energies, solar photovoltaic power generation technology has attracted great attention from humans.

[0003] Photovoltaic panels can generate electricity where there is sunlight, so they are usually installed outdoors and are exposed to rain, haze and other environments for a long time. The surface of the photovoltaic panel is easily corroded, resulting in damage; outdoor sand and dust may cause dirt on its surface, resulting in impaired function. To protect it, a coating is usually applied on its surface. Based on the use environment of the photovoltaic panel, this article introduces a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material with self-cleaning and waterproof capabilities and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] A highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material, wherein the highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material is prepared by mixing functionalized cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functional monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate and tetrahydrofuran;

[0006] The functionalized cellulose is prepared by reacting microcrystalline cellulose with maleic anhydride, 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine and 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol in sequence;

[0007] The modified polysiloxane is prepared by reacting dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and then reacting with 3-trifluoromethylphenylpropyl bromide;

[0008] The functional monomer is prepared by reacting 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone and N-methylallylamine.

[0009] A preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material, wherein the preparation method of the highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material mainly includes the following preparation steps:

[0010] (1) Mix 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone, N-methylallylamine, and dimethyl sulfoxide in a molar ratio of 1:2 - 2.2:20 - 26, stir at 200 - 300 r / min and 85 - 95 °C for 11 - 13 h, pour into deionized water, let stand for 22 - 26 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 - 5 times, and vacuum dry at 45 - 55 °C for 11 - 13 h to obtain the functional monomer;

[0011] (2) Mix dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 12 - 14:2 - 4:5 - 7:26 - 30, add hydrochloric acid solution uniformly within 6 - 8 min at 200 - 300 r / min, continue stirring for 25 - 35 min, raise the temperature to 50 - 60 °C, continue stirring for 3 - 4 h, dry at 80 - 100 °C for 20 - 24 h to obtain the pre-modified polysiloxane; Mix the pre-modified polysiloxane and 3-trifluoromethylphenylpropyl bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.3 - 0.5, react at 55 - 65 °C and 200 - 300 r / min for 25 - 35 min, add a mixed solvent 1.8 - 2.2 times the mass of the pre-modified polysiloxane, continue stirring for 11 - 13 h, wash with ethanol 3 - 5 times, and vacuum dry at -10 - 0 °C for 22 - 26 h to obtain the modified polysiloxane;

[0012] (3) Mix cellulose and maleic anhydride in a mass ratio of 1:5 - 7, stir at 100 - 120 °C and 200 - 300 r / min for 220 - 260 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 - 5 times, and vacuum dry at 105 - 115 °C for 22 - 24 h to obtain the pre-modified cellulose; Take 1 part of the pre-modified cellulose, 20 - 24 parts of dimethylformamide, 1 - 1.1 parts of polypeptide condensation reagent, 1.2 - 1.4 parts of N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and 0.8 - 0.9 parts of 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole by mass. Mix the pre-modified cellulose and dimethylformamide, stir at 200 - 300 r / min for 2.5 - 3.5 min, add the polypeptide condensation reagent, add N,N-diisopropylethylamine uniformly within 8 - 10 min, continue stirring at room temperature for 35 - 45 min, add 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, stir for 10 - 12 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 - 5 times, and vacuum dry at -10 - 0 °C for 22 - 26 h to obtain the modified cellulose;

[0013] (4) Mix the modified cellulose, N,N - diethylhydroxylamine, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2 - 3:1:28 - 32, stir at 90 - 100 °C for 4 - 6 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 - 5 times, and vacuum dry at -10 - 0 °C for 22 - 26 h to obtain the functionalized cellulose precursor; mix the functionalized cellulose precursor, catalyst, 1-(4 - hydroxyphenyl)ethanol, and formic acid in a mass ratio of 4 - 6:0.2 - 0.3:1:18 - 22, stir at 75 - 85 °C and 200 - 300 r / min for 10 - 14 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 - 5 times, and dry to obtain the functionalized cellulose;

[0014] (5) Mix the functionalized cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functional monomer, sodium tert - butoxide, zinc acetate, and tetrahydrofuran in a mass ratio of 1:6 - 8:0.3 - 0.5:0.1 - 0.2:0.2 - 0.4:10 - 14 to obtain the high - weather - resistant photovoltaic panel coating material.

[0015] As an optimization, the hydrochloric acid solution described in step (2) is a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 36% - 38%.

[0016] As an optimization, the mixed solvent described in step (2) is prepared by mixing propanol and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:4 - 6 evenly.

[0017] As an optimization, the cellulose described in step (3) is microcrystalline cellulose.

[0018] As an optimization, the polypeptide condensation reagent described in step (3) is 6 - chloro - 1 - hydroxybenzotriazole.

[0019] As an optimization, the catalyst described in step (4) is phosphotungstic acid.

[0020] As an optimization, the specific operation of drying in step (4) is vacuum drying at 40 - 50 °C for 22 - 24 h.

[0021] As an optimization, when in use, it should be evenly coated on the photovoltaic surface and irradiated under a 10 W, 395 nm purple LED for 12 h for curing.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0023] When preparing the coating material for highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panels in the present invention, a functional monomer is prepared by reacting 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone with N-methylallylamine; a modified polysiloxane is prepared by reacting dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and then reacting with 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylpropyl bromide; microcrystalline cellulose is successively reacted with maleic anhydride, 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine and 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol to prepare functionalized cellulose; the functionalized cellulose, the modified polysiloxane, the functional monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate and tetrahydrofuran are mixed to prepare the coating material for highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panels.

[0024] First, a functional monomer is prepared by reacting 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone with N-methylallylamine; a modified polysiloxane is prepared by reacting dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and then reacting with 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylpropyl bromide; 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone is reacted with N-methylallylamine to obtain a tertiary amine, and the nitrogen atoms in the tertiary amine can all form coordination bonds with the empty orbitals in zinc ions, so as to achieve a self-healing effect; benzophenone can be used as a photocatalyst in the photocatalytic reaction to polymerize the double bonds in the material under photocatalytic conditions, and benzophenone has an anti-aging effect and can improve the anti-aging ability of the material; dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane are reacted to obtain a polysiloxane with double bonds at both ends and having a tertiary amine, and then reacted with 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylpropyl bromide to obtain a quaternary ammonium salt. The quaternary ammonium salt, as a hydrophilic group, can absorb the moisture in the air. This hygroscopicity helps to reduce the surface resistance of the material, thereby reducing the accumulation of static electricity and achieving an antistatic effect, so that the coating material has dust-proof ability; and the electronegativity of fluorine atoms is strong and the polarizability is small, resulting in a significant reduction in the surface tension of the fluorine-containing polymer. When the surface tension of the polymer is lower than the surface tension of the liquid stain, the liquid stain cannot wet and adhere to the surface, and the anti-fouling effect can also be achieved.

[0025] Secondly, microcrystalline cellulose is successively reacted with maleic anhydride, 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, and 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol to prepare functionalized cellulose; the functionalized cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functional monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate, and tetrahydrofuran are mixed to prepare a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material; reacting microcrystalline cellulose with maleic anhydride makes its surface rich in double bonds, which can achieve a good binding effect with polysiloxane, and then reacting with 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole can form a hydrogen bond chelating ring on its surface. When ultraviolet light irradiates the material surface, the chelating ring absorbs ultraviolet light, and through the breaking of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and the opening of the chelating ring, the ultraviolet light is converted into heat energy and released, thereby protecting the material from ultraviolet damage, achieving an anti-aging effect, and improving the aging resistance of the material; reacting with 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol, the reacted cellulose can react with the trifluoromethyl group on the modified polysiloxane under photocatalytic conditions to form a cross-linked intertransmission network structure, further improving the mechanical properties of the material. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] A preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material mainly includes the following preparation steps:

[0029] (1) Mix 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone, N-methylallylamine, and dimethyl sulfoxide in a molar ratio of 1:2:20, stir at 200 r / min and 85 °C for 11 h, pour into deionized water, let stand for 22 h, filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 45 °C for 11 h to prepare a functional monomer;

[0030] (2) Mix dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and deionized water in a mass ratio of 12:2:5:26. While stirring at 200 r / min, add a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 36% uniformly within 6 min. Continue stirring for 25 min, heat up to 50 °C, continue stirring for 3 h, and dry at 80 °C for 20 h to obtain pre-modified polysiloxane; Mix propanol and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:4 uniformly to obtain a mixed solvent; Mix the pre-modified polysiloxane and 3-trifluoromethylphenylpropyl bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.3, react at 55 °C and 200 r / min for 25 min, add a mixed solvent 1.8 times the mass of the pre-modified polysiloxane, continue stirring for 11 h, wash with ethanol 3 times, and dry in vacuum at -10 °C for 22 h to obtain modified polysiloxane;

[0031] (3) Mix microcrystalline cellulose and maleic anhydride in a mass ratio of 1:5, stir at 100 °C and 200 r / min for 220 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in vacuum at 105 °C for 22 h to obtain pre-modified cellulose; Take 1 part of the pre-modified cellulose, 20 parts of dimethylformamide, 1 part of polypeptide condensation reagent, 1.2 parts of N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and 0.8 part of 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole by mass. Mix the pre-modified cellulose and dimethylformamide, stir at 200 r / min for 2.5 min, add the polypeptide condensation reagent, add N,N-diisopropylethylamine uniformly within 8 min, continue stirring at room temperature for 35 min, add 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, stir for 10 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in vacuum at -10 °C for 22 h to obtain modified cellulose;

[0032] (4) Mix the modified cellulose, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2:1:28, stir at 90 °C for 4 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in vacuum at -10 °C for 22 h to obtain a functionalized cellulose precursor; Mix the functionalized cellulose precursor, phosphotungstic acid, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol and formic acid in a mass ratio of 4:0.2:1:18, stir at 75 °C and 200 r / min for 10 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in vacuum at 40 °C for 22 h to obtain functionalized cellulose;

[0033] (5) Mix the functionalized cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functionalized monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a mass ratio of 1:6:0.3:0.1:0.2:10 to obtain a high weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material.

[0034] Example 2:

[0035] A preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material mainly includes the following preparation steps:

[0036] (1) Mix 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone, N-methylallylamine, and dimethyl sulfoxide in a molar ratio of 1:2.1:23, stir at 250 r / min and 90 °C for 12 h, pour into deionized water, let stand for 24 h, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 50 °C for 12 h to obtain a functional monomer;

[0037] (2) Mix dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 13:3:6:28, add a 37% hydrochloric acid solution uniformly within 7 min at 250 r / min, continue stirring for 30 min, raise the temperature to 55 °C, continue stirring for 3.5 h, and dry at 90 °C for 22 h to obtain a pre-modified polysiloxane; Mix propanol and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:5 evenly to obtain a mixed solvent; Mix the pre-modified polysiloxane and 3-trifluoromethylphenylpropyl bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.4, react at 60 °C and 250 r / min for 30 min, add a mixed solvent 2 times the mass of the pre-modified polysiloxane, continue stirring for 12 h, wash 4 times with ethanol, and vacuum dry at -5 °C for 24 h to obtain a modified polysiloxane;

[0038] (3) Mix microcrystalline cellulose and maleic anhydride in a mass ratio of 1:6, stir at 110 °C and 250 r / min for 240 min, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 110 °C for 23 h to obtain a pre-modified cellulose; Take 1 part of the pre-modified cellulose, 22 parts of dimethylformamide, 1.05 parts of a polypeptide condensation reagent, 1.3 parts of N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and 0.85 parts of 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole by mass fraction. Mix the pre-modified cellulose and dimethylformamide, stir at 250 r / min for 3 min, add the polypeptide condensation reagent, add N,N-diisopropylethylamine uniformly within 9 min, continue stirring at room temperature for 40 min, add 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, stir for 11 h, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at -5 °C for 24 h to obtain a modified cellulose;

[0039] (4) Mix modified cellulose, N,N - diethylhydroxylamine, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2.5:1:30, stir at 95 °C for 5 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at -5 °C for 24 h to obtain a functionalized cellulose precursor; mix the functionalized cellulose precursor, phosphotungstic acid, 1-(4 - hydroxyphenyl)ethanol, and formic acid in a mass ratio of 5:0.25:1:20, stir at 80 °C and 250 r / min for 12 h, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 45 °C for 23 h to obtain functionalized cellulose;

[0040] (5) Mix functionalized cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functional monomer, sodium tert - butoxide, zinc acetate, and tetrahydrofuran in a mass ratio of 1:7:0.4:0.15:0.3:12 to obtain a high - weather - resistant photovoltaic panel coating material.

[0041] Example 3:

[0042] A preparation method of a high - weather - resistant photovoltaic panel coating material mainly includes the following preparation steps:

[0043] (1) Mix 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone, N - methylallylamine, and dimethyl sulfoxide in a molar ratio of 1:2.2:26, stir at 300 r / min and 95 °C for 13 h, pour into deionized water, stand for 26 h, filter, wash 5 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 55 °C for 13 h to obtain a functional monomer;

[0044] (2) Mix dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N - dimethyl - 3 - aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 14:4:7:30, add a 38% hydrochloric acid solution at a constant speed within 8 min under 300 r / min, continue stirring for 35 min, heat up to 60 °C, continue stirring for 4 h, dry at 100 °C for 24 h to obtain a pre - modified polysiloxane; mix propanol and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:6 evenly to obtain a mixed solvent; mix the pre - modified polysiloxane and 3 - (trifluoromethyl)phenylpropyl bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.5, react at 65 °C and 300 r / min for 35 min, add a mixed solvent 2.2 times the mass of the pre - modified polysiloxane, continue stirring for 13 h, wash 5 times with ethanol, and vacuum dry at 0 °C for 26 h to obtain a modified polysiloxane;

[0045] (3) Mix microcrystalline cellulose and maleic anhydride in a mass ratio of 1:7, stir at 120 °C and 300 r / min for 260 min, filter, wash with deionized water 5 times, and vacuum dry at 115 °C for 24 h to obtain pre-modified cellulose; Take 1 part of pre-modified cellulose, 24 parts of dimethylformamide, 1 part of polypeptide condensation reagent, 1.4 parts of N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and 0.8 part of 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole by mass. Mix the pre-modified cellulose and dimethylformamide, stir at 300 r / min for 3.5 min, add the polypeptide condensation reagent, add N,N-diisopropylethylamine uniformly within 10 min, continue to stir at room temperature for 45 min, add 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, stir for 12 h, filter, wash with deionized water 5 times, and vacuum dry at 0 °C for 26 h to obtain modified cellulose;

[0046] (4) Mix the modified cellulose, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 3:1:32, stir at 100 °C for 6 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 5 times, and vacuum dry at 0 °C for 26 h to obtain a functionalized cellulose precursor; Mix the functionalized cellulose precursor, phosphotungstic acid, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol and formic acid in a mass ratio of 6:0.3:1:22, stir at 85 °C and 300 r / min for 14 h, filter, wash with deionized water 5 times, and vacuum dry at 50 °C for 24 h to obtain functionalized cellulose;

[0047] (5) Mix the functionalized cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functional monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a mass ratio of 1:8:0.5:0.2:0.4:14 to obtain a high weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material.

[0048] Comparative Example 1:

[0049] A preparation method of a high weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material mainly includes the following preparation steps:

[0050] (1) Mix 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone, N-methylallylamine and dimethyl sulfoxide in a molar ratio of 1:2.1:23, stir at 250 r / min and 90 °C for 12 h, pour into deionized water, let stand for 24 h, filter, wash with deionized water 4 times, and vacuum dry at 50 °C for 12 h to obtain a functional monomer;

[0051] (2) Mix dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and deionized water in a mass ratio of 13:3:6:28. While stirring at 250 r / min, add a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 37% uniformly within 7 min. Continue stirring for 30 min, heat up to 55 °C, continue stirring for 3.5 h, and dry at 90 °C for 22 h to obtain pre-modified polysiloxane; Mix propanol and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:5 evenly to obtain a mixed solvent; Mix the pre-modified polysiloxane and 3-trifluoromethylphenylpropyl bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.4, react at 60 °C and 250 r / min for 30 min, add a mixed solvent twice the mass of the pre-modified polysiloxane, continue stirring for 12 h, wash with ethanol 4 times, and vacuum dry at -5 °C for 24 h to obtain modified polysiloxane;

[0052] (3) Mix microcrystalline cellulose and maleic anhydride in a mass ratio of 1:6, stir at 110 °C and 250 r / min for 240 min, filter, wash with deionized water 4 times, and vacuum dry at 110 °C for 23 h to obtain pre-modified cellulose; Take 1 part of pre-modified cellulose, 22 parts of dimethylformamide, 1.05 parts of polypeptide condensation reagent, 1.3 parts of N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and 0.85 part of 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole by mass. Mix the pre-modified cellulose and dimethylformamide, stir at 250 r / min for 3 min, add the polypeptide condensation reagent, add N,N-diisopropylethylamine uniformly within 9 min, continue stirring at room temperature for 40 min, add 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, stir for 11 h, filter, wash with deionized water 4 times, and vacuum dry at -5 °C for 24 h to obtain modified cellulose;

[0053] (4) Mix the modified cellulose, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2.5:1:30, stir at 95 °C for 5 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 4 times, and vacuum dry at -5 °C for 24 h to obtain a functionalized cellulose precursor; Mix the functionalized cellulose precursor, phosphotungstic acid, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol and formic acid in a mass ratio of 5:0.25:1:20, stir at 80 °C and 250 r / min for 12 h, filter, wash with deionized water 4 times, and vacuum dry at 45 °C for 23 h to obtain functionalized cellulose;

[0054] (5) Mix the functionalized cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functionalized monomer, sodium tert-butoxide and tetrahydrofuran in a mass ratio of 1:7:0.4:0.15:12 to obtain a high weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material.

[0055] Comparative Example 2:

[0056] A preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material mainly includes the following preparation steps:

[0057] (1) Mix 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone, N-methylallylamine, and dimethyl sulfoxide in a molar ratio of 1:2.1:23, stir at 250 r / min and 90 °C for 12 h, pour into deionized water, let stand for 24 h, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 50 °C for 12 h to obtain a functional monomer;

[0058] (2) Mix dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 13:3:6:28, add a 37% hydrochloric acid solution at a constant speed within 7 min under 250 r / min, continue stirring for 30 min, raise the temperature to 55 °C, continue stirring for 3.5 h, and dry at 90 °C for 22 h to obtain a pre-modified polysiloxane;

[0059] (3) Mix microcrystalline cellulose and maleic anhydride in a mass ratio of 1:6, stir at 110 °C and 250 r / min for 240 min, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 110 °C for 23 h to obtain a pre-modified cellulose; Take 1 part of the pre-modified cellulose, 22 parts of dimethylformamide, 1.05 parts of a polypeptide condensation reagent, 1.3 parts of N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and 0.85 parts of 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole by mass. Mix the pre-modified cellulose and dimethylformamide, stir at 250 r / min for 3 min, add the polypeptide condensation reagent, add N,N-diisopropylethylamine at a constant speed within 9 min, continue stirring at room temperature for 40 min, add 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, stir for 11 h, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at -5 °C for 24 h to obtain a modified cellulose;

[0060] (4) Mix the modified cellulose, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2.5:1:30, stir at 95 °C for 5 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at -5 °C for 24 h to obtain a functionalized cellulose precursor; Mix the functionalized cellulose precursor, phosphotungstic acid, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol, and formic acid in a mass ratio of 5:0.25:1:20, stir at 80 °C and 250 r / min for 12 h, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 45 °C for 23 h to obtain a functionalized cellulose;

[0061] (5) Mix the functionalized cellulose, pre-modified polysiloxane, functional monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate, and tetrahydrofuran in a mass ratio of 1:7:0.4:0.15:0.3:12 to obtain a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material.

[0062] Comparative Example 3:

[0063] A preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material mainly includes the following preparation steps:

[0064] (1) Mix 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone, N-methylallylamine and dimethyl sulfoxide in a molar ratio of 1:2.1:23, stir at 250 r / min and 90 °C for 12 h, pour into deionized water, let stand for 24 h, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 50 °C for 12 h to obtain a functional monomer;

[0065] (2) Mix dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and deionized water in a mass ratio of 13:3:6:28, add a 37% hydrochloric acid solution uniformly within 7 min at 250 r / min, continue stirring for 30 min, raise the temperature to 55 °C, continue stirring for 3.5 h, dry at 90 °C for 22 h to obtain a pre-modified polysiloxane; Mix propanol and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:5 uniformly to obtain a mixed solvent; Mix the pre-modified polysiloxane and 3-trifluoromethylphenylpropyl bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.4, react at 60 °C and 250 r / min for 30 min, add a mixed solvent 2 times the mass of the pre-modified polysiloxane, continue stirring for 12 h, wash 4 times with ethanol, and vacuum dry at -5 °C for 24 h to obtain a modified polysiloxane;

[0066] (3) Mix microcrystalline cellulose and maleic anhydride in a mass ratio of 1:6, stir at 110 °C and 250 r / min for 240 min, filter, wash 4 times with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 110 °C for 23 h to obtain a pre-modified cellulose;

[0067] (4) Mix the pre-modified cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functional monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a mass ratio of 1:7:0.4:0.15:0.3:12 to obtain a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material.

[0068] Test Example 1:

[0069] Self-healing test and aging resistance test

[0070] Self-healing test Test method: Irradiate the photovoltaic panel coating material under a 10W, 395nm purple LED for 12h, make a spline with a length of 10mm, a width of 4mm, and a thickness of 1mm, conduct a tensile property test, test the fracture stress at 5mm / min, and record it as the fracture stress C0; draw a small notch with a length of 2mm and a depth of 0.5mm transversely on the same spline, let it stand at room temperature for 24h, test the fracture stress, and record it as the fracture stress C1; calculate the tensile fracture retention rate A, where the repair efficiency = fracture stress C1 / fracture stress C0 * 100%;

[0071] Weather resistance test Test method: Irradiate the photovoltaic panel coating material under a 10W, 395nm purple LED for 12h, make a spline with a length of 10mm, a width of 4mm, and a thickness of 1mm, conduct a tensile property test, test the fracture stress at 5mm / min, and record it as the fracture stress C0; irradiate the same spline under a fluorescent ultraviolet lamp UV-A340 for 15 days, test the fracture stress, and record it as the fracture stress C2; calculate the tensile fracture retention rate, where the tensile fracture retention rate B = fracture stress C2 / fracture stress C0 * 100%. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0072] Table 1

[0073] Tensile fracture retention rate A Tensile fracture retention rate B Example 1 96.8％ 98.3％ Example 2 97.0％ 98.5％ Example 3 96.7％ 98.2％ Comparative Example 1 68.3％ 98.4％ Comparative Example 2 96.5％ 98.1％ Comparative Example 3 96.6％ 95.9％

[0074] It can be found from the comparison of the experimental data in Table 1 that the high weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material prepared by the present invention has good weather resistance and self-healing ability.

[0075] It can be found from the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 1 in Table 1 that the tensile fracture retention rate A of Examples 1, 2, 3 is larger than that of Comparative Example 1, indicating that the nitrogen atoms in secondary amines and tertiary amines in the material can form coordination bonds with the empty orbitals in zinc ions, thus achieving a self-healing effect;

[0076] It can be found from the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 3 that the tensile fracture retention rate B of Examples 1, 2, 3 is larger than that of Comparative Example 3, indicating that by reacting microcrystalline cellulose with maleic anhydride and 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole in sequence, a hydrogen bond chelation ring can be formed on its surface. When ultraviolet light irradiates the material surface, the chelation ring absorbs ultraviolet light and releases the ultraviolet light as heat energy through the breaking of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and the opening of the chelation ring, thereby protecting the material from damage by ultraviolet light, thus achieving an anti-aging effect.

[0077] Test Example 2:

[0078] Waterproof and antifouling test

[0079] Test method: The photovoltaic panel coating material was evenly coated on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, irradiated under a 10 W, 395 nm purple LED for 12 h, and a 10-min continuous droplet rolling test (deionized water) and a mud pouring (45 wt%) test were carried out to measure the contact angle. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0080] Table 2

[0081] Water contact angle Mud contact angle Example 1 150.3° 146.7° Example 2 150.5° 146.9° Example 3 150.4° 146.6° Comparative Example 1 117.4° 111.5° Comparative Example 2 150.1° 146.5° Comparative Example 3 150.2° 146.4°

[0082] From the comparison of the experimental data in Table 2, it can be found that the high-weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material prepared by the present invention has good waterproof and anti-fouling capabilities.

[0083] From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 2 in Table 2, it can be found that the water contact angles and mud contact angles of Examples 1, 2, 3 are larger than those of Comparative Example 2. This shows that fluorine has a very strong electronegativity and a small atomic radius, which makes the C-F bond have a high bond energy and a low surface tension, thus showing excellent hydrophobicity and improving the waterproof ability of the material; the electronegativity of fluorine atoms is strong and the polarizability is small, resulting in a significant reduction in the surface tension of the fluoropolymer. When the surface tension of the polymer is lower than the surface tension of the liquid stain, the liquid stain cannot wet and adhere to the surface, thus achieving the anti-fouling effect.

[0084] Test Example 2:

[0085] Antistatic test

[0086] Test method: The surface resistivity of the sample was measured with a surface resistance tester. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0087] Table 3

[0088] Surface resistivity Example 1 7.83*10^9Ω Example 2 7.78*10^9Ω Example 3 7.79*10^9Ω Comparative Example 1 7.76*10^9Ω Comparative Example 2 1.865*10^13Ω Comparative Example 3 7.80*10^9Ω

[0089] From the comparison of the experimental data in Table 2, it can be found that the high-weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material prepared by the present invention has good antistatic capabilities.

[0090] From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 2 in Table 2, it can be found that the surface resistivity of Examples 1, 2, 3 is smaller than that of Comparative Example 2. This shows that the quaternary ammonium salt has a hydrophilic group and can absorb moisture in the air. This hygroscopicity helps to reduce the resistance on the surface of the material, thus reducing the accumulation of static electricity and achieving the antistatic effect, so that the coating material has dust-proof capabilities.

[0091] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material, characterized in that, The high weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material is prepared by mixing functionalized cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functional monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate and tetrahydrofuran; The functionalized cellulose is prepared by reacting microcrystalline cellulose with maleic anhydride, 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine and 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol in sequence; The modified polysiloxane is prepared by reacting dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and then reacting with 3-trifluoromethylphenylpropyl bromide; The functional monomer is prepared by reacting 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone and N-methylallylamine; 2. A preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material, characterized in that, The preparation method of the high weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material mainly includes the following preparation steps: (1) Mix 4,4'-dibromobenzophenone, N-methylallylamine and dimethyl sulfoxide at a molar ratio of 1:2-2.2:20-26, stir at 200-300 r / min and 85-95 °C for 11-13 h, pour into deionized water, stand for 22-26 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3-5 times, and vacuum dry at 45-55 °C for 11-13 h to obtain the functional monomer; (2) Mix dimethyldiethoxysilane, allyldimethylmethoxysilane, (N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and deionized water at a mass ratio of 12-14:2-4:5-7:26-30, add hydrochloric acid solution uniformly within 6-8 min at 200-300 r / min, continue to stir for 25-35 min, heat up to 50-60 °C, continue to stir for 3-4 h, dry at 80-100 °C for 20-24 h to obtain pre-modified polysiloxane; Mix the pre-modified polysiloxane and 3-trifluoromethylphenylpropyl bromide at a mass ratio of 1:0.3-0.5, react at 55-65 °C and 200-300 r / min for 25-35 min, add a mixed solvent 1.8-2.2 times the mass of the pre-modified polysiloxane, continue to stir for 11-13 h, wash with ethanol 3-5 times, and vacuum dry at -10-0 °C for 22-26 h to obtain the modified polysiloxane; (3) Mix cellulose and maleic anhydride in a mass ratio of 1:5 - 7, stir at 100 - 120 °C and 200 - 300 r / min for 220 - 260 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 - 5 times, and vacuum dry at 105 - 115 °C for 22 - 24 h to obtain pre-modified cellulose; Take 1 part of pre-modified cellulose, 20 - 24 parts of dimethylformamide, 1 - 1.1 parts of polypeptide condensation reagent, 1.2 - 1.4 parts of N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and 0.8 - 0.9 parts of 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole by mass, mix the pre-modified cellulose and dimethylformamide, stir at 200 - 300 r / min for 2.5 - 3.5 min, add the polypeptide condensation reagent, add N,N-diisopropylethylamine uniformly within 8 - 10 min, continue to stir at room temperature for 35 - 45 min, add 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylpyrrole, stir for 10 - 12 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 - 5 times, and vacuum dry at -10 - 0 °C for 22 - 26 h to obtain modified cellulose; (4) Mix modified cellulose, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2 - 3:1:28 - 32, stir at 90 - 100 °C for 4 - 6 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 - 5 times, and vacuum dry at -10 - 0 °C for 22 - 26 h to obtain a functionalized cellulose precursor; Mix the functionalized cellulose precursor, catalyst, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol and formic acid in a mass ratio of 4 - 6:0.2 - 0.3:1:18 - 22, stir at 75 - 85 °C and 200 - 300 r / min for 10 - 14 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 - 5 times, and dry to obtain functionalized cellulose; (5) Mix functionalized cellulose, modified polysiloxane, functional monomer, sodium tert-butoxide, zinc acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a mass ratio of 1:6 - 8:0.3 - 0.5:0.1 - 0.2:0.2 - 0.4:10 - 14 to obtain a high weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material.

3. The preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydrochloric acid solution described in step (2) is a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 36% - 38%.

4. The preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mixed solvent described in step (2) is prepared by mixing propanol and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:4 - 6 evenly.

5. The preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cellulose described in step (3) is microcrystalline cellulose.

6. The preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polypeptide condensation reagent described in step (3) is 6-chloro-1-hydroxybenzotriazole.

7. The preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The catalyst described in step (4) is phosphotungstic acid.

8. The preparation method of a highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific operation of the drying described in step (4) is vacuum drying at 40 - 50 °C for 22 - 24 h.

9. The highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material prepared by the preparation method of the highly weather-resistant photovoltaic panel coating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, During use, it should be evenly coated on the photovoltaic surface and irradiated under a 10 W, 395 nm purple LED for 12 h for curing.