Bacillus mojavensis VT275 and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides bacillus mojavensis and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms. The preservation number of the bacillus mojavensis VT275 is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) No.29974. The bacillus mojavensis VT275 can be used for effectively inhibiting common skin pathogenic bacteria and food-borne pathogenic bacteria, such as staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, listeria monocytogenes, shigella, enterococcus faecalis and the like. The bacillus mojavensis VT275 disclosed by the invention can be used for preventing or treating skin diseases such as specific dermatitis or controlling food-borne infection, and has a good application prospect in the fields of medicines, cosmetics, edible microorganisms, feed microorganisms and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microbial technology. In particular, the present invention relates to a Bacillus mojavensis and its application in the prevention and treatment of dermatopathogen infections. Background Art

[0002] The skin, as the largest organ of the human body, coordinates many functions crucial for survival. The skin microecosystem is an ecosystem jointly composed of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses, skin cells, their secretions, and the immune system. The skin microbiome is affected by various external and internal factors, not only colonizing the skin surface but also interacting with the skin through multiple mechanisms, significantly influencing the skin's barrier function. Notably, the skin flora is one of the most diverse flora in the human body and is crucial for the host's defense system. The skin commensal flora protects the host from harmful pathogens through mechanisms such as competitive inhibition and is also involved in the balance regulation of the immune system between effective protection and destructive inflammation. In addition, the skin flora can synthesize and release various bioactive substances, such as compounds like histamine, glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, and peptide substances like α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Therefore, skin commensal bacteria play a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of the normal skin microecosystem. Once the skin flora is dysregulated, it may trigger skin microecological disorders, leading to the occurrence of diseases.

[0003] Staphylococcus aureus, as a transient microorganism on the skin, is mainly found in pathological conditions, especially colonizing more on the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), and the colonization amount is positively correlated with the severity of the disease. Research shows that among neonatal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infection cases, 64% - 82% occur in cesarean section infants. The virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus can disrupt the epidermal barrier function by inducing keratinocytes to express endogenous proteases, which is a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of AD, further confirming the important role of Staphylococcus aureus in the pathogenesis of AD. In addition, AD has a relatively high incidence in children, and about one-fifth of children globally are affected. Currently, the treatment of AD mainly relies on drugs, including topical glucocorticoids, anti-infection treatment, topical immunomodulators, oral antihistamines, and biologics. However, these drugs may cause adverse reactions during long-term use. Therefore, treatment from the perspective of microecology can not only effectively relieve symptoms but also avoid problems such as the spread of Staphylococcus aureus drug resistance.

[0004] Previous studies have shown that certain skin-isolated strains can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and relieve the symptoms of AD patients. Therefore, isolating and culturing strains with significant inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus from the skin commensal bacteria of healthy children has become a research hotspot and difficulty in this field. This research direction is expected to promote the effective application of microecological therapy in skin diseases. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a Bacillus mojavensis VT275, which is isolated from the commensal flora of the skin at the popliteal fossa of healthy children. This strain has good inhibitory effects on the pathogenic bacteria of atopic dermatitis such as Staphylococcus aureus and has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect.

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a Bacillus mojavensis with a preservation number of CGMCC No. 29974. The Bacillus mojavensis described in the present invention is preserved in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), with the preservation address being the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The preservation date is March 8, 2024, and the preservation number is CGMCC NO. 29974.

[0007] The Bacillus mojavensis described in the present invention is isolated from the skin of healthy children and is identified as the genus Bacillus, Bacillus mojavensis, and named VT275.

[0008] The second object of the present invention is to provide a microbial preparation containing the above-mentioned Bacillus mojavensis VT275. In order to further improve the functions of the above-mentioned strain, in some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned strain can be modified by conventional methods in the prior art. The modified variant contains the basic functions and properties of the above-mentioned strain, and this modified variant is also considered to be included in the protection scope of the present invention. At the same time, the variant also includes strain variants with natural or spontaneous genetic changes and mutant strains obtained through continuous passage. The variant generally has the same or substantially the same gene sequence as the preserved strain, for example, at least 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8% or 99.9% the same 16S rDNA fragment as the preserved strain. Similarly, these variants are also considered to be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0009] In the present invention, the above-mentioned Bacillus mojavensis is stored or used in a suitable preparation form. For example, freeze-dried preparation, capsule preparation, liquid preparation, tablet preparation, gel preparation, emulsion preparation, etc. In one embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned Bacillus mojavensis is a liquid preparation or a freeze-dried preparation.

[0010] The third object of the present invention is to provide a product containing the above-mentioned Bacillus mojavensis or dead bacteria and their metabolites.

[0011] In the present invention, the product is a medicine, a cosmetic or a food.

[0012] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned Bacillus mojavensis VT275 or the above-mentioned microbial preparation in the preparation of a product for inhibiting dermatopathogenic bacteria.

[0013] In the present invention, the dermatopathogenic bacteria are one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and / or Staphylococcus epidermidis.

[0014] The fifth object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned Bacillus mojavensis VT275 or the above-mentioned microbial preparation in the preparation of a product for inhibiting foodborne pathogenic bacteria, and the foodborne pathogenic bacteria are one or more of Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella and / or Enterococcus faecalis.

[0015] The sixth object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned Bacillus mojavensis VT275 or the above-mentioned microbial preparation in the preparation of a medicine for preventing and / or treating atopic dermatitis.

[0016] Advantages of the present invention:

[0017] (1) In the present invention, a strain of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 with obvious inhibitory effect on a variety of dermatopathogenic bacteria is isolated and screened from the skin surface of healthy children. The strain and its fermentation supernatant have obvious antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella and Enterococcus faecalis, and the diameter of the inhibition zone is 9-20 mm;

[0018] (2) The Bacillus mojavensis VT275 is safe in source and can be applied to prevent and / or treat atopic dermatitis caused by common pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, and has broad application prospects in the fields of medicine, cosmetics or food.

[0019] Biological material preservation:

[0020] Preservation number: CGMCC No.29974

[0021] Date of deposit: March 8, 2024. Depositary institution: China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, abbreviated as CGMCC. Address: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing

[0022] Taxonomic name: Bacillus mojavensis Description of the drawings

[0023] Figure 1 Colony morphology of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 on a TSB plate

[0024] Figure 2 Morphology of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 shown by scanning electron microscopy

[0025] Figure 3 Inhibitory effect of the cell-free supernatant of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213

[0026] Figure 4 Phylogenetic tree of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 constructed based on the 16S rRNA gene

[0027] Figure 5 Genome circular map of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 by whole-genome sequencing

[0028] Figure 6 Antagonistic effect diagram of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213

[0029] Figure 7 Antagonistic effect diagram of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

[0030] Figure 8 Antagonistic effect diagram of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against Staphylococcus epidermidis

[0031] Figure 9 Antagonistic effect diagram of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against Listeria monocytogenes

[0032] Figure 10 Antagonistic effect diagram of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against Shigella

[0033] Figure 11 Antagonistic effect diagram of strain Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against Enterococcus faecalis Detailed implementation manners

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0035] The culture media involved in the following examples are as follows:

[0036] The mass concentration composition of each component of the R2A solid culture medium is: 0.25 g of tryptone, 0.5 g of acid hydrolyzed casein, 0.5 g of yeast extract powder, 0.5 g of soluble starch, 0.3 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1 g of magnesium sulfate, 0.3 g of sodium pyruvate, 0.25 g of peptone, 0.5 g of glucose, 15 g of agar powder. Adjust the pH value to 7.2 ± 0.2 at room temperature and dissolve it in 1 L of distilled water.

[0037] DSMZ solid culture medium: 10 g of casein hydrolyzate, 10 g of yeast extract, 100 g of NaCl, 15 g of agar powder. Adjust the pH value to 7.2 ± 0.2 at room temperature and dissolve it in 1 L of distilled water.

[0038] Preparation of the culture medium for amplified bacteria: The culture medium used for skin commensal bacteria is TSB broth medium. The mass concentration composition of each component of the TSB broth medium is: 17 g of tryptone, 3.0 g of soy peptone, 5.0 g of sodium chloride, 2.5 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.5 g of glucose. Adjust the pH value to 7.3 ± 0.2 at room temperature and dissolve it in 1 L of distilled water.

[0039] Example 1: Isolation, culture and identification of skin commensal bacteria

[0040] 1. Sample source and sample collection

[0041] Sampling was carried out on the participants at the First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University. The purpose of this study was to explore the skin commensal bacteria of healthy children aged 1 - 12 years old without a history of chronic skin diseases or autoimmune diseases. A total of 30 samples of healthy children were collected. The research participants were required not to shower / bathe for 2 days before sampling and fill out a questionnaire. All participants and their parents in this study signed an informed consent form.

[0042] During the sample collection process, the collection personnel wore disposable sterile gloves and medical masks, immersed the sterile cotton swab in the microbial sample protection solution, took it out after 30 s, and squeezed out the excess solution. The volunteer fully exposed the popliteal fossa, and the swab was placed at the center of the popliteal fossa at 2 × 2 cm 2 , applied consistent friction and pressure, and moved back and forth 100 times within 2 min. Immediately break the swab and put it into a sterile cryopreservation tube containing the microbial protection solution. After the sample collection was completed, it was sent to the laboratory for sample processing within 2 h.

[0043] 2. Sample processing, growth conditions and strain isolation

[0044] (1) Preparation of culture medium

[0045] Preparation of culture medium for isolation: The culture media used for culturing skin commensal bacteria are blood agar solid medium, R2A solid medium, and DSMZ solid medium.

[0046] (2) Cultivation of bacteria

[0047] Use a vortex mixer to shake the skin swab sample evenly, pipette 100 μl of the sample onto the solid medium for plate coating. The solid media include blood agar, R2A, and DSMZ media. The plates are placed in an aerobic and anaerobic environment at 37 °C for 3 - 7 days until obvious colony formation is observed. From each plate, pick all colonies with different phenotypes onto fresh medium for three-zone streak isolation culture, and re-streak at least twice to isolate single strains. After purification of the strains, the single colonies are used for bacterial liquid amplification culture. After culturing at 37 °C for 24 hours, they are stored frozen at -80 °C in 25% glycerol.

[0048] (3) Identification of strains in the sample

[0049] Inoculate the purified single colonies obtained in step (2) into TSB broth medium and place them in a constant temperature incubator at 37 °C for amplification culture for 24 h. Extract bacterial DNA according to the instructions of the bacterial DNA extraction kit, and perform PCR amplification using the universal primers for bacterial 16S rDNA. Universal primers: 27F: 5’-AGA GTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3’, 1492R: 5’-TACGGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3’. The PCR amplification system is 20 μL: 8 μL of ddH2O, 10 μL of 2×Taq PCR Mix, 0.8 μL of each upstream and downstream primer, and 0.42 μL of DNA template. PCR reaction system: Pre-denaturation at 94 °C for 5 min; denaturation at 94 °C for 30 s; annealing at 55 °C for 45 s; extension at 72 °C for 90 s, 35 cycles; extension at 72 °C for 10 min. Detect the PCR products by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, and observe and analyze the bands using a gel imaging system. Send the PCR products with bands to Tsingke Biotechnology Co., Ltd. for sequencing. For the 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained by sequencing, compare the sequencing results with the NCBI database by BLAST analysis. Similarity greater than 99% is considered to be the same species. A total of 74 different bacterial species are obtained. Finally, use MEGA software to construct a phylogenetic evolution tree. The results show that the isolated commensal bacteria are mainly composed of three phyla, namely Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. Among them, Firmicutes has the largest proportion, and Staphylococcus has the highest proportion, followed by Micrococcus and Bacillus.

[0050] Example 2: Screening of Bacillus mojavensis VT275

[0051] 1. Screening and Identification of Bacillus mojavensis VT275

[0052] The above 74 isolated strains were streaked in three zones on TSB solid medium until monoclonal colonies appeared. The monoclonal colonies were picked and cultured overnight in TSB liquid medium. After centrifugation at 4°C and 10,000 r for 10 min, the precipitate was discarded, and the supernatant was filtered through a 0.22 mm sterile filter membrane to obtain the fermentation supernatants of each isolated bacterium.

[0053] Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 was cultured overnight and its concentration was adjusted to 10 4 CFU / mL by a McFarland turbidimeter. 100 μL of the diluted Staphylococcus aureus bacterial solution and 100 μL of each of the above fermentation supernatants were mixed in a honeycomb culture plate (specially used for the Finnish Bioscreen automatic growth curve analyzer). The Bioscreen automatic growth curve analysis system was used to measure the optical density (OD 600 ) every 30 min at 30°C to obtain the growth curve of Staphylococcus aureus under the intervention of the fermentation supernatants of different isolated bacteria. It was found that a strain of VT275 bacteria had a good inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The results were as Figure 1 shown. It began to exert an inhibitory effect after co-culturing with Staphylococcus aureus for 7 h, reached complete inhibition after 9 h, and the growth OD600 value of Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 0.446 ± 0.002 to 0.376 ± 0.009 after 9 h (P < 0.001).

[0054] The colony morphology of the screened VT275 was as Figure 2 shown. The colony morphology on the TSB plate was a circular colony with an irregular edge, grayish-white, and a wrinkled pellicle formed in the center. After incubation at 37°C and 150 rpm for 72 h, the incubated bacterial solution was centrifuged to remove the upper bacterial suspension. It was washed three times with PBS buffer. Then the bacterial cell precipitate was placed in a 2.5% glutaraldehyde (prepared in PBS) solution and fixed at 4°C for 10 h, then washed twice with sterile PBS and sterile water, and fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide solution for 5 h after washing in sterile water. The bacterial cell precipitate was placed in alcohol solutions with concentrations of 30, 50, 70, 80, 90, and 100%, and finally placed in isopentyl acetate for 2 h. Then the treated bacterial cells were plated on a steel plate, and the steel plate was dried in a vacuum evaporator. The morphological structure of the candidate strain was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Hitachi High-Technologies, Hitachi, Japan). The morphology shown by the scanning electron microscope was as Figure 3 shown. It can be seen from the figure that VT275 is short rod-shaped, has flagella, no capsule, can form spores, and the size of a single cell is 0.7–0.8 μm × 2–3 μm.

[0055] 2. Phylogenetic tree analysis of Bacillus mojavensis strain VT275

[0056] The 16S rRNA phylogenetic tree of strain VT275 is as follows Figure 4 shown. VT275 has the closest genetic relationship with Bacillus_mojavensis (GCF_000245335.1) with a similarity of 100%. Therefore, we determined that strain VT275 is Bacillus mojavensis and deposited it in the General Microbiology Center of the China Microbial Culture Collection Center on March 8, 2024.

[0057] Example 3: Whole-genome sequencing of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 and prediction analysis of its antibacterial substances

[0058] This sequencing work was commissioned to Shanghai Majorbio Bio-Pharm Technology Co., Ltd. After the sample passed the quality inspection, second-generation sequencing technology and the third-generation high-throughput sequencing platform were used for sequencing analysis. Genome assembly was based on the third-generation sequencing data and completed using the Unicycler v 0.4.8 software. The coding sequences in the genome were predicted by the GeneMarkS software, and information such as the genome sequence obtained by sequencing, the prediction results of coding genes, and non-coding RNAs was integrated to generate a GBK file. The CGView software was used to draw the genome circular map of a single sample to comprehensively display the characteristics of the sequenced genome. The whole-genome circle of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 is as follows Figure 5 shown. The results showed that the genome of strain VT275 is a closed circular DNA with a total length of 3,987,704 bp, an average GC content of 43.79%, and no plasmids were detected. A total of 3,926 protein-coding genes, 86 tRNA genes, 30 rRNA genes, and 90 sRNA were predicted in the genome.

[0059] The predicted encoded protein sequences were respectively subjected to BLAST alignment and annotation with the protein sequences in the COG, GO, KEGG, and CAZyme databases. The online software AntiSMASH and Bagel4 were used to analyze and predict the antibacterial substance synthesis gene clusters in the whole genome of Bacillus mojavensis VT275. The results are shown in Table 1. The prediction results showed that there were 9 secondary metabolite synthesis gene clusters in the genome of strain VT275. The gene clusters of strain VT275 were aligned with the known secondary metabolite gene clusters in the database by BLAST. The functions of 6 gene clusters were clearly predicted, and the functions of another 2 gene clusters were not clear, suggesting that there might be unknown metabolite synthesis genes. The 6 predicted secondary metabolites were surfactin, zwittermicin A, fengycin, bacillibactin, subtilosin A, and bacilysin. Except for zwittermicin A, the similarities of the other metabolites were greater than 70%, and the similarities of fengycin, bacillibactin, subtilosin A, and bacilysin reached 100%. It is known that surfactin, fengycin, bacillibactin, subtilosin A, and bacilysin are common antibacterial substances secreted by Bacillus. Therefore, we preliminarily speculated that the antibacterial substances produced by strain VT275 were mainly the above five metabolites.

[0060] Table 1 Prediction of secondary metabolite synthesis gene clusters

[0061]

[0062] Example 4: Antibacterial experiment of Bacillus mojavensis VT275

[0063] 1. Inhibitory experiment of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 on common dermatopathogenic bacteria

[0064] To verify the antibacterial effect of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 on common dermatopathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were selected as common skin pathogenic bacteria in this experiment.

[0065] The antibacterial ability of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against the above dermatopathogenic bacteria was verified by the agar diffusion method. VT275 and the above pathogenic bacteria were respectively inoculated into TSB liquid medium and placed in a shaker at 37 °C with a rotation speed of 170 r / min for incubation until the logarithmic growth phase was reached. The concentration of the above pathogenic bacteria was adjusted to 1x10 8CFU / mL. Add the bacterial solution to the TSB solid medium containing 0.6% agar at an inoculation amount of 2% and shake well. At this time, the temperature of the medium is about 50 °C. The double-layer agar method was used to determine its antibacterial activity. First, pour about 15 ml of the TSB solid medium containing 1.5% agar into a sterile petri dish. After the medium solidifies, evenly place the sterilized Oxford cups in the petri dish. Pour the TSB solid medium containing the bacterial suspension into the petri dish (about 20 ml, with a thickness of 3 - 5 mm). After it solidifies, pull out the Oxford cups with sterile forceps. Mark the sample name and concentration on the back of the petri dish. Add 100 μL of the Bacillus mojavensis VT275 bacterial solution to each well. After adding the samples, stick the sealing film and move it parallel to a 37 °C constant temperature incubator for 24 hours. Then measure the size of the antibacterial zone of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against three common pathogenic bacteria. The results are shown in Table 2 and Figures 6 - 8 as shown.

[0066] Table 2: Diameter of the antibacterial zone of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against three common pathogenic bacteria

[0067]

[0068] According to the diameter of the antibacterial zone of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against three common skin pathogenic bacteria, the results showed that Bacillus mojavensis VT275 had good inhibitory effects on the above three pathogenic bacteria. Especially, it had the strongest inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus epidermidis, and the diameter of the antibacterial zone reached 20.11 mm, with a very significant effect. Therefore, Bacillus mojavensis VT275 can be used for the prevention and / or treatment of atopic dermatitis.

[0069] 2. Inhibitory experiment of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against other pathogenic bacteria

[0070] The agar diffusion method described above was used to verify the antibacterial ability of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella spp., and Enterococcus faecalis. The results are shown in Table 3 and Figures 9 - 11 as shown.

[0071] Table 3: Diameter of the antibacterial zone of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against three common pathogenic bacteria

[0072]

[0073] According to the diameter of the antibacterial zone of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 against the above three pathogenic bacteria, the results showed that Bacillus mojavensis VT275 had inhibitory effects on the above three pathogenic bacteria. Especially, it had the best inhibitory effect on Listeria monocytogenes, reaching 18.44 mm. It can be seen that Bacillus mojavensis VT275 has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect.

[0074] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A strain of Bacillus mojavensis VT275, classified and named as Bacillus mojavensis, was deposited with the General Microbiological Center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms on March 8, 2024, with the deposit number CGMCC No. 29974.

2. A strain of Bacillus mojavensis VT275 as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The colony morphology is circular with an irregular edge, often forming a wrinkled pellicle, and is grayish-white; the morphology shown by scanning electron microscopy is short rod-shaped, can form spores, and has no capsule.

3. A microbial preparation containing the Bacillus mojavensis VT275 as described in claim 1.

4. The microbial preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The form of the preparation is a freeze-dried preparation, a capsule preparation, a liquid preparation, a tablet preparation, a gel preparation or an emulsion preparation.

5. A product, characterized in that: The product contains the Bacillus mojavensis as described in claim 1 or its metabolites.

6. The product as described in claim 5, wherein the product is a drug, a cosmetic, or a food additive.

7. Use of the Bacillus mojavensis VT275 as described in claim 1 or the microbial preparation as described in claim 3 in the preparation of a product for inhibiting dermatopathogens.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dermatopathogens are one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and / or Staphylococcus epidermidis.

9. Use of the Bacillus mojavensis VT275 as described in claim 1 or the microbial preparation as described in claim 3 in the preparation of a product for inhibiting foodborne pathogens, wherein the foodborne pathogens are one or more of Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella and / or Enterococcus faecalis.

10. Use of the Bacillus mojavensis VT275 as described in claim 1 or the microbial preparation as described in claim 3 in the preparation of a drug or skin care product for preventing and / or treating atopic dermatitis.

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