Meal replacement powder for reducing blood fat and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of food, in particular to meal replacement powder for reducing blood fat and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The meal replacement powder capable of reducing blood fat and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of coix seed and red bean composite powder, 10-15 parts of konjac powder, 10-15 parts of oat bran, 15-20 parts of pumpkin seeds, 7-10 parts of black sesame, 5-15 parts of a mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 3-12 parts of corn resistant dextrin and 0.5-5 parts of composite prebiotics. According to the meal replacement powder capable of reducing blood fat and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, through the synergistic effect of various natural components, the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride are remarkably reduced, meanwhile, the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is improved, the meal replacement powder shows a remarkable blood fat reducing effect in SD rat experiments, and the meal replacement powder is suitable for being used for preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Through the synergistic effect of various mechanisms of inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, promoting cholesterol discharge, improving intestinal health and the like, the blood fat level is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of food, and specifically relates to a meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the modern life rhythm and the change of the diet structure, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have become one of the main factors threatening human health. Hyperlipidemia, as an important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, its effective control is crucial for preventing cardiovascular diseases. Traditional treatment methods mainly rely on drug treatment and lifestyle adjustment, but these methods are often accompanied by side effects or problems that are difficult to adhere to in the long term. Therefore, the development of a functional food that can effectively reduce blood lipid and is convenient for daily use has become a research hotspot.

[0003] As a convenient and nutritionally balanced form of dietary supplement, meal replacement powder has received extensive attention in recent years. In particular, functional meal replacement powders rich in dietary fiber, phytosterols, unsaturated fatty acids and other ingredients that help reduce blood lipid are considered a potential effective adjuvant therapy. However, the existing meal replacement powder products on the market have certain limitations in formula design, such as single ingredients, weak functional targeting, etc., which limit their application effects in preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At the same time, most of the existing meal replacement powders on the market are relatively expensive, which is not conducive to promotion. Therefore, how to overcome the above existing technical problems and defects has become a key problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects described in the background art, so as to realize a meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and to solve the problems of single ingredients, weak functional targeting, high price and unfavorable promotion of meal replacement powder in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above invention purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: A meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, 10-15 parts of konjac flour, 10-15 parts of oat bran, 15-20 parts of pumpkin seeds, 7-10 parts of black sesame, 5-15 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 3-12 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 0.5-5 parts of compound prebiotic.

[0006] In the above meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, the corn resistant dextrin is an esterified modified corn resistant dextrin reacted with citric acid ester, and the compound prebiotic is a mixture of inulin and fructooligosaccharide.

[0007] In the above meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, preferably, the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of coix seed and red bean composite powder, 10 parts of konjac flour, 10 parts of oat bran, 16 parts of pumpkin seeds, 8 parts of black sesame seeds, 6 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 5 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 2 parts of compound prebiotic.

[0008] In the above meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, preferably, the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of coix seed and red bean composite powder, 12 parts of konjac flour, 12 parts of oat bran, 18 parts of pumpkin seeds, 9 parts of black sesame seeds, 10 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 8 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 3 parts of compound prebiotic.

[0009] In the above meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, preferably, the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 42 parts of coix seed and red bean composite powder, 15 parts of konjac flour, 15 parts of oat bran, 19 parts of pumpkin seeds, 9.5 parts of black sesame seeds, 15 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 11 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 4 parts of compound prebiotic.

[0010] The present invention also discloses a preparation method of the above meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Raw material preparation: Prepare the raw materials of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases as described in any one of claims 1-5.

[0011] Step 2: Pretreatment of raw materials; Coix seed and red bean are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:2, soaked in clear water for 12 hours until softened, drained, and spread out on a fermentation tray for fermentation. After fermentation, they are dried and pulverized to obtain coix seed and red bean composite powder.

[0012] Konjac flour and oat bran are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain konjac oat double fiber powder.

[0013] Pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds are processed by a cold press in a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain defatted raw materials of pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds. The defatted raw materials are processed by an ultrafine pulverizer to obtain defatted mixed powder of pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds.

[0014] Mulberry leaves and hawthorn are subjected to countercurrent circulation extraction in a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain an extract. The extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and spray-dried to obtain mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract.

[0015] Corn resistant dextrin reacts with citric acid ester, and after modification, it is quickly cooled to room temperature and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to remove lumps to obtain esterified modified corn resistant dextrin.

[0016] Inulin and oligofructose are put into a three-dimensional mixer in proportion, and after being fully mixed, they are sterilized by microwave. After sterilization, the compound prebiotics are obtained, and the pretreatment of the raw materials is completed.

[0017] Step 3: Mix the main ingredients. Place the pre-treated coix seed and red bean composite powder, konjac oat dual fiber powder, pumpkin seed and black sesame defatted mixed powder, and composite prebiotics into a centrifugal shear mixer. Shear at 1200 rpm for 2 minutes to use centrifugal force to disperse fiber agglomerates.

[0018] Step 4: Transfer the mixed main ingredients to an industrial vibration table, and evenly spray the mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract and esterified modified corn resistant dextrin into the mixed main ingredients on the industrial vibration table through a pneumatic atomizing spray gun. Simultaneously start the industrial vibration table and use the vibration waves generated by the operation of the industrial vibration table to guide the active ingredients into the pores of the fiber network, reducing surface adhesion losses.

[0019] Step 5: Dynamic sterilization: The material mixed in step 3 is sent to the spiral conveyor sterilization channel for pulsed ultraviolet irradiation. Microorganisms are inactivated through intermittent high-energy irradiation. At the same time, the pressure in the sterilization channel is reduced to a negative pressure state and treated with low-power microwaves for 10 minutes. The negative pressure environment is used to enhance the penetration depth of microwaves to achieve internal sterilization of the powder. After sterilization, the preparation of the meal replacement powder is completed.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for preparing the meal replacement powder for lowering blood lipids and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, in the step 2, the coix seed and red bean are drained and then evenly spread in a fermentation tray for fermentation. During the fermentation process, Lactobacillus plantarum is evenly sprayed to promote fermentation. The inoculation amount of Lactobacillus plantarum is 2%. After Lactobacillus plantarum is sprayed on the surface of the raw material, it is fermented at a constant temperature of 35°C for 48 hours, and turned over every 8 hours.

[0021] At the same time, the konjac flour and oat bran are dry-mixed and then homogenized three times at a pressure of 50 MPa to make the particle size of the composite fiber ≤50 μm, and 0.5% xanthan gum is added as a dispersant to prevent agglomeration.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for preparing the meal replacement powder for lowering blood lipids and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, when the pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds are cold-pressed by a cold press in step 2, the pressing temperature is ≤40°C and the residual oil rate is controlled to be ≤5%.

[0023] At the same time, when the mulberry leaves and hawthorns are subjected to countercurrent circulation extraction in the step 2, they are processed to a particle size of ≤5 mm, and countercurrent circulation extraction is carried out in 80°C hot water with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15 for 2 hours to complete the extraction of the extract. The extract is concentrated under reduced pressure to a solid content of ≥30%, and then spray-dried. The spray drying inlet air temperature is 180°C and the outlet air temperature is 85°C. The total flavonoid content of the obtained mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract is ≥8 mg / g‌.

[0024] In addition, the reaction mass ratio of corn resistant dextrin to citrate in Step 2 is 10:1, and the reaction is carried out at 120 °C for 40 minutes.

[0025] Specifically, the ratio of inulin to fructooligosaccharide in Step 2 is 2:1. It is mixed in a three-dimensional mixer at 25 rpm for 20 minutes, and maintained at 65 °C for 5 minutes at 915 MHz during microwave sterilization, with the microbial index ≤ 100 CFU / g.

[0026] Preferably, the industrial vibrating table in Step 4 is a low-frequency vibrating table with a vibration frequency of 15 Hz.

[0027] Furthermore, in the preparation method of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases described above, in Step 5, the wavelength of pulsed ultraviolet light is 265 nm, the pulse frequency is 5 Hz, the energy density is 6 kJ / m², and at the same time, the temperature rise of the powder is controlled ≤ 8 °C.

[0028] Specifically, the pressure in the sterilization channel in Step 5 is reduced to -0.08 MPa, and low-power microwave with a frequency of 2.45 GHz and a power of 300 W is used for treatment.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of the present invention, through the synergistic effect of various natural components, significantly reduces the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride, and at the same time increases the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It shows a significant blood lipid-lowering effect in the SD rat experiment. Through multiple mechanisms such as inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, promoting cholesterol excretion, and improving intestinal health, it acts synergistically to effectively improve the blood lipid level; in addition, the active ingredients of the meal replacement powder of the present invention are all provided by components with lower costs, making it more economically practical and easier to promote while ensuring high efficiency.

[0030] 2. By preparing the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with the above weight percentage components through the above steps, it can not only reduce blood lipid, but also effectively prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. By reducing the atherosclerosis index, reducing cholesterol accumulation in the liver, and promoting cholesterol excretion through feces, the risk of atherosclerosis is significantly reduced. In addition, the antioxidant components in the meal replacement powder can scavenge free radicals, protect vascular endothelial cells, and reduce the generation of oxidized LDL, further protecting cardiovascular health.

[0031] 3. Additionally, the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of the present invention can promote intestinal health and maintain the balance of intestinal microorganisms by adding compound prebiotics and dietary fiber, thereby indirectly supporting cardiovascular health. The metabolites of prebiotics activate intestinal immune cells and reduce the interference of chronic inflammation on lipid metabolism. In addition, the dietary fiber in the meal replacement powder can delay the gastric emptying rate, reduce the postprandial blood glucose fluctuation, and indirectly reduce the generation of fat synthesis precursors. The synergistic effect of these components not only improves the blood lipid level but also promotes overall metabolic health, making it suitable for different populations. Detailed Embodiments

[0032] The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of the present invention will be described in more detail below through specific embodiments. Example 1

[0033] This example discloses a meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases to solve the problems in the prior art such as single composition of meal replacement powder, weak functional pertinence, high price, and unfavorable promotion.

[0034] In this example, the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 - 45 parts of coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, 10 - 15 parts of konjac flour, 10 - 15 parts of oat bran, 15 - 20 parts of pumpkin seeds, 7 - 10 parts of black sesame seeds, 5 - 15 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 3 - 12 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 0.5 - 5 parts of compound prebiotics.

[0035] It should be noted that in this example, the corn resistant dextrin is an esterified modified corn resistant dextrin reacted with citrate ester, and the compound prebiotics is a mixture of inulin and fructooligosaccharide.

[0036] In this example, the combination of coix seed and adzuki bean helps to optimize the internal environment and promote the efficient metabolism of fat. Konjac is rich in dietary fiber, especially glucomannan, which can effectively reduce cholesterol levels and improve intestinal health. The β-glucan contained in oat bran is an excellent soluble fiber that helps to reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood. Pumpkin seeds are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and trace elements such as zinc, which play an important role in cardiovascular health. Black sesame seeds are rich in vitamin E, unsaturated fatty acids, and other antioxidant substances, which help to protect the heart and blood vessels. Both mulberry leaf and hawthorn can help reduce blood lipid and improve blood circulation. Corn resistant dextrin, as a high-quality water-soluble dietary fiber, can promote intestinal health and help regulate blood glucose and blood lipid levels. The compound prebiotics contains components such as inulin and fructooligosaccharide, which help to maintain the balance of intestinal microorganisms and thus promote overall health.

[0037] Specifically, the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases described in this embodiment specifically includes the following components by mass: 30 parts of coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, 10 parts of konjac flour, 10 parts of oat bran, 16 parts of pumpkin seeds, 8 parts of black sesame, 6 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 5 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 2 parts of compound prebiotics.

[0038] The meal replacement powder of the above components has a relatively low total component content and is easier to digest and absorb. It contains an appropriate amount of dietary fiber and antioxidant components, and is suitable for people who are trying it for the first time or need mild conditioning. The content of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract is relatively low, which is a good choice for people who are worried about the taste of herbs or the effect being too strong.

[0039] It is suitable for people who have just started using meal replacement powder for health management, or people who hope to gradually improve their blood lipid status without significantly changing their daily eating habits.

[0040] This embodiment also discloses a preparation method of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with the above weight percentage components, including the following steps: Step 1: Raw material preparation: Prepare the raw materials of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases as described in any one of claims 1-5.

[0041] Step 2, Raw material pretreatment: Coix seed and adzuki bean are mixed at a mass ratio of 3:2, soaked in water for 12 hours until softened, drained, and evenly spread on a fermentation tray for fermentation. During the fermentation process, Lactobacillus plantarum is evenly sprayed to promote fermentation. In this embodiment, the inoculation amount of Lactobacillus plantarum is 2%. After spraying Lactobacillus plantarum on the surface of the raw materials, it is fermented at a constant temperature of 35°C for 48 hours, and turned over every 8 hours. After fermentation, it is dried and pulverized to obtain coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder.

[0042] In this embodiment, after coix seed and adzuki bean are fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced, which can inhibit the activity of liver cholesterol synthase and accelerate the metabolism of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). At the same time, the β-glucan in the fermentation product forms a viscous colloid with dietary fiber, adsorbing bile acids in the intestine and reducing cholesterol reabsorption.

[0043] Konjac flour and oat bran are dry-mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1. After dry-mixing, they are homogenized under a pressure of 50 MPa for 3 times to make the composite fiber particle size ≤ 50 μm, and 0.5% xanthan gum is added as a dispersant to prevent caking, obtaining konjac oat double-linked fiber powder.

[0044] The main active ingredient in konjac flour, konjac glucomannan, and β-glucan in oat bran form a three-dimensional network structure, which can encapsulate fat particles in food and inhibit the activity of lipase by more than 40%. The dual fiber delays the gastric emptying rate, reduces the postprandial blood glucose fluctuation, and indirectly reduces the generation of fat synthesis precursors.

[0045] Pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds are processed by a cold press at a mass ratio of 2:1. During cold pressing, the pressing temperature ≤ 40°C and the residual oil rate is controlled ≤ 5% to obtain defatted raw materials of pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds. The defatted raw materials are processed by an ultrafine grinder to obtain a defatted mixed powder of pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds.

[0046] β-sitosterol (≥ 1.2 g / 100 g) retained by the cold pressing and defatting process has a structure similar to cholesterol and can competitively inhibit intestinal cholesterol absorption. In addition, sesamin and pumpkin seed polyphenols jointly scavenge free radicals, protect vascular endothelial cells, and reduce the generation of oxidized LDL.

[0047] Mulberry leaves and hawthorn are processed to a particle size ≤ 5 mm and subjected to countercurrent circulation extraction at a mass ratio of 2:1. They are extracted in hot water at 80°C with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15 for 2 hours by countercurrent circulation to obtain an extract. After the extract is concentrated under reduced pressure to a solid content ≥ 30%, spray drying is carried out. In this example, the inlet air temperature for spray drying is 180°C and the outlet air temperature is 85°C to obtain a mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, and the total flavonoid content of the obtained mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract ≥ 8 mg / g.

[0048] 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) in mulberry leaves specifically binds to α-glucosidase, and total flavonoids in hawthorn (≥ 8 mg / g) inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, doubly blocking the glycolipid conversion pathway. In addition, hawthorn flavonoids dilate capillaries, enhance liver blood perfusion, and accelerate the excretion of lipid metabolic wastes.

[0049] Corn resistant dextrin reacts with citric acid ester at a reaction mass ratio of 10:1, reacts at 120°C for 40 minutes for modification, and is quickly cooled to room temperature after modification, and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to remove lumps to obtain esterified modified corn resistant dextrin.

[0050] After esterification modification, corn resistant dextrin forms a porous structure, the cholesterol complexing ability is increased by 30%, and lipid excretion is promoted by increasing fecal volume. At the same time, esterified modified corn resistant dextrin, as a soluble fiber, ferments in the colon to produce butyric acid and inhibits adipocyte differentiation.

[0051] Inulin and fructooligosaccharide are put into a three-dimensional mixer at a ratio of 2:1, mixed in the three-dimensional mixer at 25 rpm for 20 minutes, and after sufficient mixing, microwave sterilization is carried out. During microwave sterilization, it is maintained at 915 MHz and 65°C for 5 minutes, and the microbial index after microwave is ≤ 100 CFU / g to complete the pretreatment of raw materials.

[0052] Inulin and fructooligosaccharides are combined in a ratio of 2:1, specifically promoting the proliferation of Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum. In addition, the metabolites of prebiotics activate intestinal immune cells and reduce the interference of chronic inflammation on lipid metabolism.

[0053] Step 3, mixing of main ingredients: The pretreated coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, konjac oat double fiber powder, defatted mixed powder of pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds, and the composite prebiotic are put into a centrifugal shearing mixer and sheared at a high speed of 1200 rpm for 2 minutes to forcefully disperse fiber lumps by centrifugal force.

[0054] Step 4, transferring the mixed main ingredients to an industrial vibrating table. In this embodiment, the industrial vibrating table is a low-frequency vibrating table with a vibration frequency of 15 Hz. The mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract and esterified modified corn resistant dextrin are evenly sprayed into the mixed main ingredients on the industrial vibrating table through a pneumatic atomizing spray gun. While spraying, the industrial vibrating table is started synchronously, and the vibration wave generated by the operation of the industrial vibrating table is used to guide the active ingredients to embed into the pores of the fiber network, reducing surface adhesion loss.

[0055] Step 5, dynamic sterilization: The material mixed in Step 3 is sent to a spiral conveyor sterilization channel and irradiated with pulsed ultraviolet light. When performing pulsed ultraviolet light irradiation, the wavelength is 265 nm, the pulse frequency is 5 Hz, and the energy density is 6 kJ / m². At the same time, the temperature rise of the powder is controlled ≤8°C; at the same time, the pressure in the sterilization channel is reduced to -0.08 MPa, and low-power microwave with a frequency of 2.45 GHz and a power of 300 W is used for 10 minutes. The negative pressure environment is used to enhance the microwave penetration depth to achieve internal sterilization of the powder, and the preparation of the meal replacement powder is completed after sterilization.

[0056] The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with the above components by weight percentage is prepared through the above steps, and reduces blood lipid and prevents cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases through the synergistic effect of a variety of natural ingredients. It can not only directly reduce cholesterol levels, but also improve overall metabolic health by inhibiting lipase activity and delaying gastric emptying speed to reduce the generation of fat synthesis precursors. In addition, it promotes intestinal health through the action of prebiotics and indirectly supports cardiovascular health. With a comprehensive formula design, the meal replacement powder of this invention patent realizes a multi-target intervention strategy, which is of great significance for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Example 2

[0057] The same parts as the above embodiment will not be repeated, and the differences are as follows: In this embodiment, the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases includes the following components by weight: 35 parts of coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, 12 parts of konjac flour, 12 parts of oat bran, 18 parts of pumpkin seeds, 9 parts of black sesame seeds, 10 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 8 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 3 parts of composite prebiotic.

[0058] Compared with Example 1, in this example, the proportions of various beneficial components are increased, especially dietary fiber (such as konjac flour and oat bran) and functional components (such as mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract), which helps to enhance the lipid-lowering effect. The higher dietary fiber content in this example helps to increase satiety and is suitable for people who need to control their weight. At the same time, the increase in compound prebiotics helps to maintain intestinal health.

[0059] The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prepared from the above components by weight percentage is particularly suitable for people who have already adapted to the meal replacement powder and seek to further improve their blood lipid levels, as well as those who hope to assist in weight management through diet. Example 3

[0060] The same parts as those in the above examples will not be described in detail, and the differences are as follows: In this example, there are 42 parts of coix seed and red bean composite powder, 15 parts of konjac flour, 15 parts of oat bran, 19 parts of pumpkin seeds, 9.5 parts of black sesame seeds, 15 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 11 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 4 parts of compound prebiotics.

[0061] Compared with Example 1 and Example 2, in this example, through the highest proportion of functional components, especially mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract and corn resistant dextrin, its lipid-lowering and cardiovascular protection effects are strengthened. The higher dietary fiber and phytosterol content helps to comprehensively regulate blood lipid and promote cardiovascular health.

[0062] The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prepared from the above components by weight percentage is particularly suitable for people who already have a high risk of cardiovascular diseases or are actively treating hyperlipidemia. It is also suitable for consumers who pay attention to health preservation and pursue a high-quality life.

[0063] In summary, the following Table 1 is obtained: Ingredients Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Job's tears and adzuki bean composite powder (parts) 30 35 42 Konjac flour (parts) 10 12 15 Oat bran (parts) 10 12 15 Pumpkin seeds (parts) 16 18 19 Black sesame seeds (parts) 8 9 9.5 Mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract (parts) 6 10 15 Corn resistant dextrin (parts) 5 8 11 Compound prebiotics (parts) 2 3 4 According to the performance test of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prepared from multiple groups of examples in Table 1 above, the following Table 2 is obtained after the test: The white rat experiment is carried out on the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prepared from the components of multiple examples in Table 2 above, and the following Table 3 is obtained after the experiment: SD rats are model animals widely used in lipid-lowering research. Because their lipid metabolism is similar to that of humans and they are sensitive to diet-induced hyperlipidemia, it should be noted that in the above table, the experimental groups are divided into three groups, which are fed the meal replacement powders of Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 respectively. The control group is fed a normal diet.

[0064] The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) in the serum were detected by an enzymatic method.

[0065] In Examples 1-3, the TC levels were 4.5, 4.2, and 3.8 mmol / L respectively, which were significantly lower than 5.2 mmol / L in the control group. This shows that the meal replacement powder can effectively reduce the total cholesterol level, and the effect of Example 3 is the most significant.

[0066] The LDL-C levels were 2.8, 2.5, and 2.2 mmol / L respectively, which were significantly lower than 3.5 mmol / L in the control group. Examples 1-3 can effectively reduce the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and the effect of Example 3 is the best.

[0067] The HDL-C levels were 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 mmol / L respectively, which were higher than 1.1 mmol / L in the control group. This shows that Examples 1-3 can increase the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and the increasing effect of Example 3 is the most obvious.

[0068] The TG levels were 1.5, 1.3, and 1.1 mmol / L respectively, which were significantly lower than 1.8 mmol / L in the control group. This shows that Examples 1-3 can effectively reduce the triglyceride level, and the effect of Example 3 is the most significant.

[0069] The AI values were 3.75, 3.23, and 2.71 respectively, which were significantly lower than 4.73 in the control group. This shows that Examples 1-3 can significantly reduce the atherosclerosis index, and the effect of Example 3 is the best.

[0070] The liver cholesterol contents were 7.2, 8.5, and 7.8 mg / g respectively, which were significantly lower than 12.0 mg / g in the control group. This shows that the meal replacement powders of Examples 1-3 can effectively reduce the cholesterol accumulation in the liver, and the effects of Examples 1 and 3 are more significant.

[0071] The fecal cholesterol excretion amounts were 150, 120, and 135 mg / day respectively, which were significantly higher than 80 mg / day in the control group. This shows that Examples 1-3 can promote the excretion of cholesterol through feces, and the effect of Example 1 is the most significant.

[0072] The antioxidant capacities were 30, 25, and 28 U / mg protein respectively, which were significantly higher than 15 U / mg protein of the control group, indicating that Examples 1-3 could significantly enhance the antioxidant capacity of the body, and the effect of Example 1 was the best.

[0073] It can be concluded from the above Tables 1, 2, and 3 that: The meal replacement powders of Examples 1, 2, and 3 showed significant effects in reducing total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Among them, the effect of Example 3 was the most prominent. This indicates that the active ingredients in the meal replacement powder (such as dietary fiber, β-glucan, γ-aminobutyric acid, β-sitosterol, total flavonoids, etc.) act synergistically to effectively improve the blood lipid level. These ingredients act synergistically to effectively reduce blood lipids and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; the meal replacement powders of Examples 1-3 showed significant blood lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects in the SD rat model, which could effectively improve the blood lipid profile, reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, and promote cholesterol excretion. Among them, Example 3 showed the best performance in multiple indicators, indicating the strongest blood lipid-lowering and antioxidant capacities. Thus, it can be seen that the component contents of Examples 1, 2, and 3 are reasonable, and Example 3 is the best example.

[0074] In addition, it should be noted that the preparation components of Examples 1, 2, and 3 in this specification are not the only and immutable data. This specification only lists the raw material mass percentage data of the most representative, better-performing meal replacement powders for reducing blood lipids and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases suitable for three different populations.

[0075] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0076] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the preferred embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can understand that without departing from the concept of the present invention, various modifications and variations can be made to the above specific embodiments, and various combinations can be made to the technical features proposed by the present invention, without exceeding the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, characterized in that, The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, 10-15 parts of konjac flour, 10-15 parts of oat bran, 15-20 parts of pumpkin seeds, 7-10 parts of black sesame seeds, 5-15 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 3-12 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 0.5-5 parts of compound prebiotic.

2. The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corn resistant dextrin is an esterified modified corn resistant dextrin reacted with citric acid ester, and the compound prebiotic is a mixture of inulin and fructooligosaccharide.

3. The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases according to claim 2, wherein The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, 10 parts of konjac flour, 10 parts of oat bran, 16 parts of pumpkin seeds, 8 parts of black sesame seeds, 6 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 5 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 2 parts of compound prebiotic.

4. The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases according to claim 2, wherein The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, 12 parts of konjac flour, 12 parts of oat bran, 18 parts of pumpkin seeds, 9 parts of black sesame seeds, 10 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 8 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 3 parts of compound prebiotic.

5. The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases according to claim 2, wherein The meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 42 parts of coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, 15 parts of konjac flour, 15 parts of oat bran, 19 parts of pumpkin seeds, 9.5 parts of black sesame seeds, 15 parts of mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract, 11 parts of corn resistant dextrin, and 4 parts of compound prebiotic.

6. A preparation method of a meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Raw material preparation: Prepare the raw materials of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases as described in any one of claims 1-5. Step 2: Pretreatment of raw materials. Coix seed and adzuki bean are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:2, soaked in water for 12 hours until softened, drained, spread out on a fermentation tray for fermentation, and then dried and pulverized after fermentation to obtain coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder. Konjac flour and oat bran are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain konjac oat double fiber powder. Pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds are processed by a cold press in a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain defatted raw materials of pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds, and the defatted raw materials are processed by an ultrafine pulverizer to obtain defatted mixed powder of pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds. Mulberry leaves and hawthorn are subjected to countercurrent circulation extraction in a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain an extract, and the extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and spray-dried to obtain mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract. Corn resistant dextrin reacts with citric acid ester, is quickly cooled to room temperature after modification, and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to remove lumps to obtain esterified modified corn resistant dextrin. Inulin and fructooligosaccharide are put into a three-dimensional mixer in proportion, fully mixed, and then sterilized by microwave to obtain compound prebiotic, completing the pretreatment of raw materials. Step 3: Mixing of main ingredients. The pretreated coix seed and adzuki bean composite powder, konjac oat double fiber powder, defatted mixed powder of pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds, and compound prebiotic are put into a centrifugal shear mixer and sheared at a high speed of 1200 rpm for 2 minutes to forcibly disperse fiber lumps by centrifugal force. Step 4: Transfer the mixed main ingredients to an industrial vibrating table. Spray the mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract and esterified modified corn resistant dextrin evenly into the mixed main ingredients on the industrial vibrating table through a pneumatic atomizing spray gun. While spraying, start the industrial vibrating table synchronously. Use the vibration waves generated by the operation of the industrial vibrating table to guide the active ingredients to embed into the pores of the fiber network, reducing the loss of surface adhesion. Step 5: Dynamic sterilization. Send the materials mixed in Step 3 to a spiral conveyor sterilization channel to receive pulsed ultraviolet irradiation. Inactivate microorganisms through intermittent high-energy irradiation. At the same time, reduce the pressure in the sterilization channel to a negative pressure state and treat it with low-power microwave for 10 minutes. Utilize the negative pressure environment to enhance the microwave penetration depth and achieve internal sterilization of the powder. After sterilization, the preparation of the meal replacement powder is completed.

7. The preparation method of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardio-cerebrovascular diseases according to claim 6, wherein: In Step 2, after the coix seed and adzuki bean are drained, they are evenly spread on a fermentation tray for fermentation. During the fermentation process, plant lactobacillus is evenly sprayed to promote fermentation. The inoculation amount of the plant lactobacillus is 2%. After the plant lactobacillus is sprayed on the surface of the raw materials, it is fermented at a constant temperature of 35°C for 48 hours and turned over every 8 hours. After the konjac glucomannan and oat bran are dry-mixed, they are homogenized under a pressure of 50 MPa for 3 times to make the composite fiber particle size ≤ 50 μm. Add 0.5% xanthan gum as a dispersant to prevent caking.

8. The preparation method of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases according to claim 7, wherein: When the pumpkin seeds and black sesame seeds are cold-pressed by a cold press in Step 2, the pressing temperature ≤ 40°C and the residual oil rate is controlled ≤ 5%. When the mulberry leaves and hawthorn are subjected to countercurrent circulation extraction in Step 2, they are processed to a particle size ≤ 5 mm, and are subjected to countercurrent circulation extraction in hot water at 80°C at a material-liquid ratio of 1:15 for 2 hours to complete the extraction of the extract. After the extract is concentrated under reduced pressure to a solid content ≥ 30%, it is spray-dried. The inlet air temperature of the spray drying is 180°C and the outlet air temperature is 85°C. The total flavonoid content of the prepared mulberry leaf and hawthorn extract ≥ 8 mg / g. In Step 2, the reaction mass ratio of corn resistant dextrin to citric acid ester is 10:1, and the reaction is carried out at 120°C for 40 minutes. In Step 2, the ratio of inulin to oligofructose is 2:

1. They are mixed in a three-dimensional mixer at 25 rpm for 20 minutes. When microwave sterilization is carried out, it is maintained at 915 MHz and 65°C for 5 minutes, and the microbial index ≤ 100 CFU / g.

9. The preparation method of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases according to claim 8, characterized in that: The industrial vibrating table in Step 4 is a low-frequency vibrating table with a vibration frequency of 15 Hz.

10. The preparation method of the meal replacement powder for reducing blood lipid and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases according to claim 9, characterized in that: In Step 5, the wavelength of the pulsed ultraviolet ray is 265 nm, the pulse frequency is 5 Hz, and the energy density is 6 kJ / m². At the same time, control the temperature rise of the powder ≤ 8°C. In Step 5, the pressure in the sterilization channel is reduced to -0.08 MPa, and low-power microwave with a frequency of 2.45 GHz and a power of 300 W is used for treatment.

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