Pay-off hole cover plate structure for building construction and automatic induction method

Abstract

The invention provides a pay-off hole cover plate structure for building construction and an automatic induction method, and belongs to the technical field of building construction.The pay-off hole cover plate structure comprises a hole cover plate and a hole, and the bottom of the hole cover plate and the inner wall of the hole are each provided with an electromagnetic block set; the electromagnetic block set comprises a hole rear side electromagnetic block, a cover plate rear side electromagnetic block, a cover plate front side electromagnetic block and a hole front side electromagnetic block, the hole rear side electromagnetic block and the hole front side cover plate are arranged on the rear side and the front side of the hole respectively, and the cover plate rear side electromagnetic block and the cover plate front side electromagnetic block are arranged on the rear side and the front side of the bottom of the cover plate respectively. The automatic induction monitoring system is used for inducting the position of a worker at the position of the hole cover plate and controlling opening and closing of the hole cover plate according to the position of the worker, and the problems that a mechanical opening and closing mode is adopted for a traditional paying-off hole cover plate, operation is tedious, monitoring means for the cover plate are lacked, and the state of the cover plate cannot be mastered in time are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building construction. Specifically, it relates to a cover plate structure for setting out holes in building construction and an automatic induction method. Background Technique

[0002] In the field of building construction, setting out holes, as basic and important facilities, are mainly used for threading electrical wires, cables, and other pipelines to ensure the smooth installation and operation of the electrical and communication systems inside the building. However, there are many problems in the design, use, and management of traditional cover plates for setting out holes. These problems not only affect the construction efficiency but also pose safety hazards.

[0003] Traditional cover plates for setting out holes mostly adopt mechanical opening and closing methods, such as manually pushing open, lifting, or fixing and disassembling with screws. This method is cumbersome to operate, has low efficiency, and is easily affected by external forces, resulting in damage or loss of the cover plate. Moreover, there is a lack of effective monitoring means to timely understand the opening and closing states of the cover plate. Due to the inability to promptly grasp the state of the cover plate, it is difficult for construction management personnel to quickly respond to and handle abnormal situations, increasing the difficulty and risk of construction safety management. For this reason, a cover plate structure for setting out holes in building construction and an automatic induction method are designed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention provides a cover plate structure for setting out holes in building construction and an automatic induction method, which solves the problems that the traditional cover plate for setting out holes adopts a mechanical switching method, is relatively cumbersome to operate, and lacks monitoring means for the cover plate, making it impossible to timely grasp the state of the cover plate.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention provides a cover plate structure for setting out holes in building construction, including a hole cover plate and a hole. Electromagnetic block groups are provided on the bottom of the hole cover plate and the inner wall of the hole. The electromagnetic block group includes a rear-side electromagnetic block of the hole, a rear-side electromagnetic block of the cover plate, a front-side electromagnetic block of the cover plate, and a front-side electromagnetic block of the hole. The rear-side electromagnetic block of the hole and the front-side cover plate of the hole are respectively arranged at the rear side and the front side of the hole. The rear-side electromagnetic block of the cover plate and the front-side electromagnetic block of the cover plate are respectively arranged at the rear side and the front side of the bottom of the cover plate. A warning sticker is pasted on the surface of the cover plate;

[0007] An automatic induction monitoring system, which is used to sense the position of the staff at the hole cover plate and control the opening and closing of the hole cover plate according to the position of the staff.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the electromagnetic block group further includes a battery. The positive and negative electrodes of the battery are connected to an adjustable power supply through wires and are connected to the input end of the adjustable power supply. The output end of the adjustable power supply is connected to an electronic switch. The electronic switch receives a signal from the adjustable power supply, and the output end of the electronic switch is electrically connected to both ends of each electromagnetic block of the electromagnetic block group.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it further includes a guiding member. The guiding member is arranged on the left and right sides of the hole cover plate. The guiding member includes a guide rail, a connecting plate, and a proximity switch. The connecting plate is arranged between the guide rail and the hole cover plate, and the proximity switch is arranged at the front and rear ends close to the guide rail.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it further includes a pushing member. The pushing member is arranged on the upper surface of the hole cover plate. The pushing member includes a motor, a fixed column, a slider, and a connecting block. The fixed column is of a concave design. A lead screw is arranged inside the fixed column. The output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the lead screw. The lead screw passes through the slider, and the slider is screwed to the connecting block. The connecting block is screwed to the hole cover plate.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the automatic induction monitoring system includes an induction layer, a control layer, an RFID identification module, and a data processing layer;

[0012] The induction layer is used to install sensors on the hole cover plate, and the sensors are used to monitor the position of the staff at the hole cover plate. The sensors include a millimeter-wave radar sensor and a pressure sensor;

[0013] The control layer is used to control the use of the battery, the adjustable power supply, the battery, the electronic switch, and the motor, and receives the processing result from the data processing module to automatically control the opening and closing of the hole cover plate;

[0014] The RFID identification module is used to allow authorized personnel to quickly unlock through a work card for double verification;

[0015] The data processing module uses a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm to process and fuse the data from the induction layer, and uses the Sugeno inference method to determine whether the monitored data change is a staff member;

[0016] The data processing layer includes a data preprocessing module, a feature fusion module, a human body recognition module, and a dynamic threshold setting module;

[0017] The data preprocessing module is used to perform conventional preprocessing on the data monitored from the induction layer;

[0018] The feature fusion module uses the firefly algorithm to perform feature fusion on the preprocessed data;

[0019] The human body recognition module uses fuzzy logic to determine whether it is a human body based on the fused feature data, and sends a corresponding signal to the control layer after confirming it is a human body;

[0020] The dynamic threshold setting module is used to set a dynamic threshold according to the actual situation to judge the distance between the staff and the hole cover.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the detailed steps of the feature fusion module for data fusion are as follows:

[0022] Step a, using the preprocessed data, set the number of the firefly population according to the complexity and computational amount of the problem, and randomly allocate the initial position of each firefly in the feature space, representing the feature combination;

[0023] Step b, define the brightness function for evaluating the performance of the feature combination, and calculate the brightness based on the classification accuracy and mean square error index of the fused data;

[0024] Step c, compare the brightness of each firefly itself with that of other fireflies, and the firefly with a lower brightness value moves towards the position of the firefly with a higher brightness value to update its position;

[0025] Step d, according to the feature combination optimized by the firefly algorithm, adopt a suitable fusion strategy to fuse the feature data of the millimeter-wave radar sensor and the pressure sensor to form a new fused feature vector;

[0026] Step e, select a suitable classification or regression model, and use the fused feature vector to train the model until the stopping condition is met;

[0027] Step f, deploy the optimized model into the system. When the model determines that a human body is approaching, turn on the power supply. When the human body reaches the hole, the hole cover is fully opened.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the detailed content of the human body recognition module using fuzzy logic for human body judgment is as follows:

[0029] Step one, select the required features from the fused data, use correlation analysis to select the features with a correlation close to the required target, define a membership function for each feature, map each function to the corresponding fuzzy set, and calculate the membership degree of each feature value belonging to each fuzzy set according to the membership function;

[0030] Step 2: Based on the experience of the staff and the analysis of the collected historical data, formulate a fuzzy rule base, verify the fuzzy rule base using test data, and optimize the fuzzy rules according to the test results until the accuracy rate reaches the preset accuracy rate.

[0031] Step 3: Calculate the matching degree between the input variable and the fuzzy sets in the antecedent of the rule.

[0032] Step 4: Calculate the output value according to the triggering intensity and the linear or constant function of the consequent of the rule, and weighted average the output values of all rules.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the detailed content of the threshold setting of the dynamic threshold setting module is as follows:

[0034] Step A: Real-time collect the data of the environmental data around the hole cover plate and the fuzzy logic output of the human body recognition module, establish a threshold adjustment model according to the selected dynamic adjustment strategy, and update the threshold in real time according to the real-time data and the threshold adjustment model.

[0035] Step B: Compare the fuzzy logic output with the current preset value. If it exceeds the threshold, it is judged that a human body is approaching; otherwise, it is judged as other objects.

[0036] On the other hand, an automatic induction method for the structure of the setting-out hole cover plate for building construction includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: When the setting-out hole is not in use, the hole cover plate is closed. The electromagnetic block at the rear side of the cover plate and the electromagnetic block at the rear side of the hole are in a continuous repulsive state, and the electromagnetic block at the front side of the cover plate and the electromagnetic block at the front side of the hole are in a continuous attractive state. The pressure sensor and the millimeter-wave radar sensor on the hole cover plate continuously monitor.

[0038] S2: The millimeter-wave radar sensor monitors the surrounding activities of the hole cover plate in real time. The pressure sensor monitors the surface load of the hole cover plate, and uses the automatic induction monitoring system to process the monitored data in real time to judge whether the approaching object is a staff member.

[0039] S3: And before entering the hole, set an RFID reader to detect the work permit of the entering staff member to perform the opening and closing work of the hole cover plate.

[0040] S4: Send an instruction through the control layer to control the electrode conversion of the electromagnetic block at the rear side of the cover plate and the electromagnetic block at the rear side of the hole to perform adsorption. Due to the change of the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnetic block, drive the hole cover plate to move to the rear side of the hole to perform the opening work.

[0041] S5. After the wire laying work is completed, the millimeter-wave radar sensor monitors the principle of the staff. After reaching the preset away time, a shutdown instruction is triggered to control the electromagnetic block group to change the electrode direction and restore to the initial state.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0043] (1) The present invention controls the electromagnetic block to change the electrode direction through an adjustable power supply and an electronic switch for controlling the current direction, thereby controlling the front and back movement of the cover plate. The technology realizes the automatic opening and closing of the cover plate without manual operation, greatly improving the construction efficiency and safety. The workload of the staff is reduced through automatic control, enabling the surveying and setting-out personnel to complete the surveying and setting-out work without removing the protective cover plate, improving the work efficiency.

[0044] (2) By combining a millimeter-wave radar sensor and a pressure sensor, the present invention monitors the position of the staff in real time and automatically controls the opening and closing of the cover plate according to the position, achieving high automation. Through the coordinated work of the sensing layer and the control layer, it ensures that the cover plate is opened in time when needed, avoiding personnel waiting. At the same time, according to the real-time environmental data and the output of the human body recognition module, the threshold is dynamically adjusted to adapt to different scenarios and crowd densities, reducing false alarms and missed alarms, and making the threshold adjustment more scientific and reasonable.

[0045] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically illustrates the embodiments of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cover plate structure for a setting-out hole in building construction disclosed by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 is an overall structural diagram of the hole cover plate of a cover plate structure for a setting-out hole in building construction disclosed by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the hole cover plate of a cover plate structure for a setting-out hole in building construction disclosed by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 is a combined electromagnetic direction diagram of the electromagnetic group of a cover plate structure for a setting-out hole in building construction disclosed by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 is an electromagnetic direction diagram with the front and rear electromagnetic blocks separated of a cover plate structure for a setting-out hole in building construction disclosed by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 It is a block diagram of an automatic induction monitoring system for a wire setting hole cover structure used in building construction disclosed by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 It is a schematic flow diagram of an automatic induction method for a wire setting hole cover structure used in building construction disclosed by the present invention;

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals: 100, hole cover;

[0054] 200, electromagnetic block group; 201, electromagnetic block at the rear side of the hole; 202, electromagnetic block at the rear side of the cover; 203, electromagnetic block at the front side of the cover; 204, electromagnetic block at the front side of the hole;

[0055] 300, guiding member; 301, guide rail; 302, connecting plate; 303, proximity switch;

[0056] 400, pushing member; 401, motor; 402, fixed column; 403, lead screw; 404, slider; 405, connecting block;

[0057] 500, automatic induction monitoring system; 501, induction layer; 5011, millimeter wave radar sensor; 5012, pressure sensor; 502, control layer; 503, RFID identification module; 504, data processing layer; 5041, data preprocessing module; 5042, feature fusion module; 5043, human body recognition module; 5044, dynamic threshold setting module;

[0058] 600, floor slab; 700, hole; 800, warning sticker. Detailed implementation manners

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0063] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0064] Embodiment 1

[0065] Referring to the attached Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a setting-out hole cover plate structure for building construction, including a hole cover plate 100 and a hole 700. Electromagnetic block groups 200 are provided on the bottom of the hole cover plate 100 and the inner wall of the hole 700. The electromagnetic block group 200 includes a rear-side electromagnetic block 201 of the hole, a rear-side electromagnetic block 202 of the cover plate, a front-side electromagnetic block 203 of the cover plate, and a front-side electromagnetic block 204 of the hole. The rear-side electromagnetic block 201 of the hole and the front-side cover plate of the hole 700 are respectively arranged at the rear side and the front side of the hole 700. The rear-side electromagnetic block 202 of the cover plate and the front-side electromagnetic block 203 of the cover plate are respectively arranged at the rear side and the front side of the bottom of the cover plate. A warning sticker 800 is pasted on the surface of the cover plate to give a warning through the warning sticker 800 to prevent the staff from walking onto the hole cover plate 100 at night;

[0066] The electromagnetic block group 200 further includes a battery. The positive and negative electrodes of the battery are connected to an adjustable power supply through wires and are connected to the input end of the adjustable power supply. The adjustable power supply is internally provided with a voltage and current adjustment circuit. The adjustable power supply is used to provide stable direct current, and can adjust the output voltage and current magnitude as needed to control the magnetic force of the electromagnetic blocks. The output end of the adjustable power supply is connected to an electronic switch. The electronic switch receives signals from the adjustable power supply to determine the on or off state of the switch. The electronic switch is used to quickly switch the current direction and change the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnetic blocks, so as to realize the movement control of the hole cover plate 100. The output end of the electronic switch is electrically connected to both ends of each electromagnetic block of the electromagnetic block group 200. When the electronic switch is turned on, the current flows from the adjustable power supply through the electronic switch to the electromagnetic blocks, causing the electromagnetic blocks to generate a magnetic field. By controlling the on and off of the electronic switch, the current direction flowing through the electromagnetic blocks can be changed, thereby changing the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnetic blocks. The connection direction is: battery → adjustable power supply → electronic switch → electromagnetic blocks, ensuring that the electromagnetic blocks can obtain stable and adjustable current, and at the same time realizing the quick switching of the current direction through the control of the electronic switch, achieving the purpose of controlling the magnetic pole direction and magnetic force magnitude of the electromagnetic blocks. Each electromagnetic block is equipped with an independent battery, adjustable power supply and electronic switch to accurately control the use of each electromagnetic block and facilitate maintenance;

[0067] Specifically, taking the front-side electromagnetic block as an example, the N pole of the front-side electromagnetic block 204 of the hole attracts the S pole of the front-side electromagnetic block 203 of the cover plate, and the cover plate is adsorbed on the front side of the hole 700. When it is necessary to move the hole cover plate 100, by controlling the electronic switch, the current direction of the front-side electromagnetic block 203 of the hole is changed, making its N pole become an S pole and repelling the S pole of the front-side electromagnetic block 203 of the cover plate. Due to the change of the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnetic block, the hole cover plate 100 is subjected to a repulsive force and starts to move backward. When it is necessary for the hole cover plate 100 to return to the initial position, the current direction of the front-side electromagnetic block 203 of the hole is changed again, making its S pole become an N pole and attracting the S pole of the front-side electromagnetic block 203 of the cover plate, and the hole cover plate 100 is pulled back. By repeating the above steps, the forward and backward movement control of the cover plate can be realized. Similarly, the rear-side electromagnetic blocks will not be elaborated;

[0068] The guiding member 300 is arranged on the left and right sides of the hole cover plate 100. The guiding member 300 includes a guide rail 301, a connecting plate 302 and a proximity switch 303. The connecting plate 302 is arranged between the guide rail 301 and the hole cover plate 100, and the proximity switch 303 is arranged at the front and rear ends close to the guide rail 301;

[0069] Specifically, the guide rail 301 is installed on both sides of the inner wall of the hole 700 through screws, and is connected to both sides of the hole cover plate 100 through the connecting plate 302. When the hole cover plate 100 moves, it can slide inside the guide rail 301 through the connecting plate 302 for movement guidance. When the connecting plate 302 comes into the sensing range of the proximity switch 303, the proximity switch 303 will detect the presence of the hole cover plate 100 and output a signal to the automatic induction monitoring system 500. The automatic induction monitoring system 500 controls the battery of the electromagnetic group to stop power supply, realizing precise control of the position of the hole cover plate 100;

[0070] The pusher 400 is arranged on the upper surface of the hole cover plate 100. The pusher 400 includes a motor 401, a fixed column 402, a slider 404 and a connecting block 405. The fixed column 402 is designed in a concave shape. A lead screw 403 is arranged inside the fixed column 402. The output end of the motor 401 is in transmission connection with the lead screw 403. The lead screw 403 passes through the slider 404. The slider 404 is screwed to the connecting block 405. The connecting block 405 is screwed to the hole cover plate 100.

[0071] Specifically, the motor 401 and the fixed column 402 are installed on the lower surface of the floor slab 600 by bolts and are located above the hole cover plate 100. The lead screw 403 is installed inside the fixed column 402. The slider 404 is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw 403. The slider 404 is connected to the connecting block 405 by screws. The connecting block 405 is connected to the hole cover plate 100 by screws. The circuit of the motor 401 is connected to the automatic induction monitoring system 500. The motor 401 is controlled to start through the automatic induction monitoring system 500. The motor 401 controls the rotation of the lead screw 403. The lead screw 403 converts the rotational motion into a linear motion. The slider 404 slides on the guide rail 301, driving the connecting block 405 and the hole cover plate 100 to move, controlling the movement of the hole cover plate 100 through the mechanical structure as an alternative solution;

[0072] The automatic induction monitoring system 500 is used to sense the position of the staff at the hole cover plate 100 and control the opening and closing of the hole cover plate 100 according to the position of the staff. The automatic induction monitoring system 500 includes an induction layer 501, a control layer 502, an RFID identification module 503 and a data processing layer 504;

[0073] The sensing layer 501 is used to install sensors on the hole cover plate 100, and the sensors are used to monitor the position of the staff at the hole cover plate 100. The sensors include a millimeter-wave radar sensor 5011 and a pressure sensor 5012. The millimeter-wave radar sensor 5011 is arranged around the hole 700 to cover the area where the human body may approach. The pressure sensor 5012 is built under the hole cover plate 100 to identify whether the cover plate is pressed, distinguish between people and equipment, and is used for double safety verification and mode judgment;

[0074] The control layer 502 is used to control the use of the battery, adjustable power supply, battery, electronic switch and motor 401, and receive the processing results from the data processing module to automatically control the opening and closing of the hole cover plate 100;

[0075] The RFID identification module 503 enables authorized personnel to quickly unlock through the work permit for double verification;

[0076] The data processing module uses the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm to process and fuse the data from the sensing layer 501, and uses the Sugeno inference method to judge whether the detected data change is a staff member;

[0077] The data processing layer 504 includes a data preprocessing module 5041, a feature fusion module 5042, a human body recognition module 5043 and a dynamic threshold setting module 5044;

[0078] The data preprocessing module 5041 is used to perform conventional preprocessing on the data monitored by the sensing layer 501, including filtering, denoising, normalization and other processes;

[0079] The feature fusion module 5042 uses the firefly algorithm to perform feature fusion on the preprocessed data;

[0080] The human body recognition module 5043 uses fuzzy logic to judge whether it is a human body based on the fused feature data, and sends a corresponding signal to the control layer 502 after confirming it is a human body;

[0081] The dynamic threshold setting module 5044 is used to set dynamic thresholds according to the actual situation to judge the distance of the staff to the hole cover plate 100. For example, the distance threshold is used to judge the distance of the human body to the hole cover plate 100, and the pressure threshold is used to judge whether there is an object on the hole cover plate 100.

[0082] The embodiment of the present invention is also implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present invention, the detailed steps of the feature fusion module 5042 for data fusion are as follows:

[0084] Step a: Using the preprocessed data, set the number of fireflies in the firefly population according to the complexity and computational amount of the problem, and randomly assign the initial positions of each firefly in the feature space, which represent the feature combinations.

[0085] Step b: Define the brightness function to evaluate the performance of the feature combination, and calculate the brightness based on the classification accuracy and mean square error index of the fused data.

[0086] Step c: Compare the brightness of each firefly with that of other fireflies. The firefly with a lower brightness value moves towards the position of the firefly with a higher brightness value, and update its position, that is, the feature combination, introducing randomness to avoid falling into the global optimum.

[0087] Step d: According to the feature combination optimized by the firefly algorithm, adopt a suitable fusion strategy, such as weighted fusion, neural network fusion, etc., to fuse the feature data of the millimeter-wave radar sensor 5011 and the pressure sensor 5012 to form a new fused feature vector.

[0088] Step e: Select a suitable classification or regression model, such as support vector machine, random forest, etc., use the fused feature vector to train the model, verify the performance of the model through means such as cross-validation and test set evaluation, analyze the performance of the model on the test set, such as accuracy, recall rate, F1 score, etc., and adjust the parameters of the firefly algorithm or the model according to the result analysis to further optimize the performance until the stopping condition is met.

[0089] Step f: Deploy the optimized model into the system. When the model determines that a human body is approaching, turn on the power supply. When the human body reaches the hole 700, the hole cover plate 100 is fully opened.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present invention, the details of the human body recognition module 5043 using fuzzy logic for human body judgment are as follows:

[0091] Step 1: Select the required features from the fused data, use correlation analysis to select the features with a correlation close to the required target, define the membership function for each feature, map each function to the corresponding fuzzy set, and calculate the membership degree of each feature value belonging to each fuzzy set according to the membership function. For example, for the speed feature, three membership functions can be designed to correspond to "slow", "medium", and "fast" respectively:

[0092] "Slow": It is a left-skewed distribution, indicating a low speed situation;

[0093] "Medium": It is a normal distribution, indicating a medium speed situation;

[0094] "Fast": It is a right-skewed distribution, indicating a higher speed situation. Collect data related to speed and perform preprocessing. Conduct statistical analysis on the preprocessed data, such as calculating statistics like mean, variance, skewness, etc. Determine the specific parameters of the membership function according to the analysis results. Taking the normal distribution as an example, select an intermediate value representing the medium speed situation as the mean, and determine the variance according to the degree of data dispersion, representing the fluctuation range of speed. Optimize the parameters through cross-validation, substitute the determined parameters into the membership function, and obtain the specific membership function μA(x) as follows:

[0095]

[0096] where μ is the mean and σ is the variance;

[0097] Step 2: Based on the experience of the staff and the analysis of historical data collected, formulate a fuzzy rule base, optimize the rules of the rule base through machine learning algorithms, and use test data to verify the fuzzy rule base. Optimize the fuzzy rules according to the test results until the accuracy rate reaches the preset accuracy rate;

[0098] Step 3: Calculate the matching degree between the input variable and the fuzzy set in the antecedent of the rule, that is, the triggering strength;

[0099] Among them, for rule i, the triggering strength αi is calculated by the following formula:

[0100] αi = min(μAi(vnorm), σBi(pnorm))

[0101] where μAi(vnorm) represents the membership degree of the input variable vnorm belonging to the antecedent A in rule i, and μBi(pnorm) represents the membership degree of the input variable pnorm belonging to the antecedent B in rule i;

[0102] Step 4: Calculate the output value according to the triggering strength and the linear or constant function of the consequent of the rule, and weighted average the output values of all rules, with the weight being the triggering strength of each rule;

[0103] The output value is calculated according to the triggering strength and the linear or constant function of the consequent of the rule as follows:

[0104] For rule i, its output value Oi is calculated as follows:

[0105] Oi = the linear or constant function of rule i (vnorm, pnorm)

[0106] The aggregated output value O is calculated as follows:

[0107]

[0108] In an embodiment of the present invention, the details of the threshold setting of the dynamic threshold setting module 5044 are as follows:

[0109] Step A: Collect the environmental data around the hole cover 100 and the fuzzy logic output of the human body recognition module 5043 in real time. According to the selected dynamic adjustment strategy, establish a threshold adjustment model, and update the threshold in real time based on the real-time data and the threshold adjustment model. The model can adopt mathematical methods such as linear regression and neural networks;

[0110] Step A1: Use photosensitive sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, infrared sensors, etc. to collect environmental data such as light intensity, temperature and humidity, and the density of people flow around the hole cover 100. Quantify the influence degree of different environmental factors on the fuzzy logic output through statistical analysis or machine learning methods, and provide a basis for threshold adjustment. The comprehensive influence of multiple environmental factors needs to be considered, rather than just the effect of a single factor;

[0111] Step A2: Develop specific threshold adjustment rules. For example, divide different threshold intervals according to the density of people flow, and clarify the threshold range of each interval. Adjust the threshold accordingly according to the influence degree of the environmental data. For example, when the density of people flow is large, increase the threshold to reduce false alarms caused by multiple people approaching at the same time. When the density of people flow is small, lower the threshold to maintain sensitivity, and use the people flow monitoring data to adjust the threshold in real time. Different threshold levels can be set and automatically switched according to the density of people flow;

[0112] Step B: Compare the fuzzy logic output with the current threshold. If it exceeds the threshold, it is determined that a human body is approaching. Otherwise, it is determined to be other objects.

[0113] Embodiment 2

[0114] Refer to the attached Figure 7 As shown, another automatic induction method for the structure of the hole cover for construction layout provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0115] S1: When the layout hole is not in use, the hole cover 100 is closed. The electromagnetic block 202 on the back side of the cover and the electromagnetic block 201 on the back side of the hole are in a continuous repulsive state, and the electromagnetic block 203 on the front side of the cover and the electromagnetic block 204 on the front side of the hole are in a continuous attractive state. The pressure sensor and millimeter wave radar sensor 5011 on the hole cover 100 continuously monitor;

[0116] S2: The millimeter wave radar sensor 5011 monitors the surrounding activities of the hole cover 100 in real time. The pressure sensor 5012 monitors the surface load of the hole cover 100, and the automatic induction monitoring system 500 processes the monitored data in real time to determine whether the approaching object is a staff member;

[0117] S3. Before entering the opening 700, an RFID reader is provided to detect the work badges of the entering staff, and the opening and closing of the opening cover plate 100 is performed. If an authorized work badge is detected, the opening cover plate 100 is controlled to open according to the automatic induction monitoring system 500. If the work badge is not authorized, a prompt is given, and the start instruction of the automatic induction monitoring system 500 will not be activated;

[0118] S4. The human body recognition module 5043 uses fuzzy logic to determine whether it is a human body. After confirming it is a human body, a signal is sent to the control layer 502. After receiving the signal, the control layer 502 controls the electromagnetic block group 200 to change the magnetic pole direction, and the opening cover plate 100 automatically opens. Through the control layer 502 sending an instruction, the electrode conversion of the electromagnetic block 202 on the back side of the cover plate and the electromagnetic block 201 on the back side of the opening is controlled for adsorption. Due to the change of the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnetic block, the opening cover plate 100 is driven to move to the back side of the opening 700 for the opening operation;

[0119] S5. The staff conducts wire laying work at the opening 700. The millimeter-wave radar sensor 5011 and the pressure sensor 5012 continuously monitor the position and status of the staff to ensure safety. After completing the wire laying work, the millimeter-wave radar sensor 5011 monitors the staff moving away. After reaching the preset away time, a closing instruction is triggered, and the electromagnetic block group 200 is controlled to change the electrode direction to restore the initial state;

[0120] S6. If the opening cover plate 100 is not fully closed or the electromagnetic block fails, the connecting plate 302 does not reach the proximity switch 303 on the front side of the opening 700, and the proximity switch 303 does not send a signal to the system, then the propulsion member 400 is controlled to push the opening cover plate 100 for the closing operation until the front side of the connecting plate 302 on the opening cover plate 100 is sensed by the proximity switch 303, the system receives the signal, and at the same time, an alarm message is pushed to the mobile phone of the management staff through the wireless signal transmitter for timely handling.

[0121] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0122] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process can be rearranged without departing from the protection scope of the present disclosure. The appended method claims present the elements of the various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy.

[0123] In the foregoing detailed description, various features are combined in a single embodiment to simplify the disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention lies in less than all of the features of a single disclosed embodiment. Accordingly, the appended claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0124] Those skilled in the art should also understand that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations thereof. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been generally described in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in a variable manner for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0125] The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination thereof. The software module may be located in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may also be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may be located in an ASIC. The ASIC may be located in a user terminal. Of course, the processor and the storage medium may also exist as discrete components in a user terminal.

[0126] For a software implementation, the techniques described in this application can be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein. These software codes can be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor. The memory unit may be implemented within the processor or outside the processor, and in the latter case, it is coupled to the processor in a communication manner by various means, which are well known in the art.

[0127] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for the purpose of describing the above embodiments, but those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that the various embodiments can be further combined and arranged. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. In addition, with respect to the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims, that term is inclusive in a manner similar to the term "including," as that term is interpreted when used as a transitional word in a claim. Further, any use of the term "or" in the specification or claims is to be meant "non-exclusive or."

Claims

1. A manhole cover structure for construction layout in building construction, characterized in that, It includes a hole cover plate (100) and a hole (700). Electromagnetic block groups (200) are provided on the bottom of the hole cover plate (100) and the inner wall of the hole (700). The electromagnetic block group (200) includes a rear-side electromagnetic block of the hole (201), a rear-side electromagnetic block of the cover plate (202), a front-side electromagnetic block of the cover plate (203), and a front-side electromagnetic block of the hole (204). The rear-side electromagnetic block of the hole (201) and the front-side cover plate of the hole (700) are respectively arranged on the rear side and the front side of the hole (700). The rear-side electromagnetic block of the cover plate (202) and the front-side electromagnetic block of the cover plate (203) are respectively arranged on the rear side and the front side of the bottom of the cover plate. An automatic induction monitoring system (500) is used to sense the position of the staff at the hole cover plate (100) and control the opening and closing of the hole cover plate (100) according to the position of the staff.

2. The cover plate structure for a layout hole in building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic block group (200) further includes a battery. The positive and negative electrodes of the battery are connected to an adjustable power supply through wires and are connected to the input end of the adjustable power supply. The output end of the adjustable power supply is connected to an electronic switch. The electronic switch receives a signal from the adjustable power supply, and the output end of the electronic switch is electrically connected to both ends of each electromagnetic block of the electromagnetic block group (200).

3. The cover plate structure of the setting-out hole for building construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a guiding member (300). The guiding member (300) is arranged on the left and right sides of the hole cover plate (100). The guiding member (300) includes a guide rail (301), a connecting plate (302), and a proximity switch (303). The connecting plate (302) is arranged between the guide rail (301) and the hole cover plate (100). The proximity switch (303) is arranged near the front and rear ends of the guide rail (301).

4. The cover plate structure for setting out holes in building construction according to claim 3, wherein, It further includes a propelling member (400). The propelling member (400) is arranged on the upper surface of the hole cover plate (100). The propelling member (400) includes a motor (401), a fixed column (402), a slider (404), and a connecting block (405). The fixed column (402) is designed in a concave shape. A lead screw (403) is arranged inside the fixed column (402). The output end of the motor (401) is in transmission connection with the lead screw (403). The lead screw (403) passes through the slider (404). The slider (404) is screwed to the connecting block (405). The connecting block (405) is screwed to the hole cover plate (100).

5. A cover plate structure for a setting-out hole in building construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The automatic induction monitoring system (500) includes an induction layer (501), a control layer (502), an RFID identification module (503), and a data processing layer (504). The induction layer (501) is used to install sensors on the hole cover plate (100) and monitor the position of the staff at the hole cover plate (100) by using the sensors. The sensors include a millimeter-wave radar sensor (5011) and a pressure sensor (5012). The control layer (502) is used to control the use of the battery, adjustable power supply, battery, electronic switch and the motor (401), and receive the processing results from the data processing module to automatically control the opening and closing of the hole cover plate (100); The RFID identification module (503) is used to enable authorized personnel to quickly unlock through the work permit for double verification; The data processing module uses the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm to process and fuse the data from the sensing layer (501), and uses the Sugeno inference method to judge whether the detected data change is a staff member; The data processing layer (504) includes a data preprocessing module (5041), a feature fusion module (5042), a human body recognition module (5043) and a dynamic threshold setting module (5044); The data preprocessing module (5041) is used to perform conventional preprocessing on the data monitored by the sensing layer (501); The feature fusion module (5042) uses the firefly algorithm to perform feature fusion on the preprocessed data; The human body recognition module (5043) uses fuzzy logic to judge whether it is a human body based on the fused feature data, and sends a corresponding signal to the control layer (502) after confirming it is a human body; The dynamic threshold setting module (5044) is used to set a dynamic threshold according to the actual situation to judge the distance of the staff member to the hole cover plate (100).

6. The cover plate structure for the setting-out hole in building construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The detailed steps of the feature fusion module (5042) for data fusion are as follows: Step a: Use the preprocessed data to set the number of the firefly swarm according to the complexity and computational amount of the problem, and randomly allocate the initial position of each firefly in the feature space to represent the feature combination; Step b: Define the brightness function to evaluate the performance of the feature combination, and calculate the brightness based on the classification accuracy and mean square error index of the fused data; Step c: Compare the brightness of each firefly itself with that of other fireflies, and the firefly with a lower brightness value moves to the position of the firefly with a higher brightness value to update its position; Step d: According to the feature combination optimized by the firefly algorithm, adopt a suitable fusion strategy to fuse the feature data of the millimeter wave radar sensor (5011) and the pressure sensor (5012) to form a new fused feature vector; Step e: Select a suitable classification or regression model, and use the fused feature vector to train the model until the stop condition is met; Step f: Deploy the optimized model to the system. When the model judges that a human body is approaching, start the power supply. When the human body reaches the hole (700), the hole cover plate (100) is fully opened.

7. A structural form of a setting-out hole cover plate for building construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The detailed content of the human body recognition module (5043) using fuzzy logic for human body judgment is as follows: Step 1: Select the required features from the fused data, use correlation analysis to select the features with a correlation close to the required target, define a membership function for each feature, map each function to the corresponding fuzzy set, and calculate the membership degree of each feature value belonging to each fuzzy set according to the membership function; Step 2: Based on the experience of the staff and the analysis of the collected historical data, formulate a fuzzy rule base, verify the fuzzy rule base using test data, and optimize the fuzzy rules according to the test results until the accuracy rate reaches the preset accuracy rate; Step 3: Calculate the matching degree between the input variable and the fuzzy set in the antecedent of the rule; Step 4: Calculate the output value according to the triggering intensity and the linear or constant function of the consequent of the rule, and perform weighted averaging on the output values of all rules.

8. A structure of a setting-out hole cover plate for building construction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The details of the threshold setting of the dynamic threshold setting module (5044) are as follows: Step A: Collect the environmental data around the hole cover (100) and the fuzzy logic output of the human body recognition module (5043) in real time. According to the selected dynamic adjustment strategy, establish a threshold adjustment model, and update the threshold in real time according to the real-time data and the threshold adjustment model; Step B: Compare the fuzzy logic output with the current preset value. If it exceeds the threshold, it is judged that a human body is approaching; otherwise, it is judged as other objects.

9. An automatic induction method for the wire setting hole cover plate structure used in building construction, which is applied to the wire setting hole cover plate structure for building construction described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: When the wire release hole is not in use, the hole cover (100) is closed. The electromagnetic block (202) on the back side of the cover and the electromagnetic block (201) on the back side of the hole are in a continuous repulsive state, and the electromagnetic block (203) on the front side of the cover and the electromagnetic block (204) on the front side of the hole are in a continuous attractive state. The pressure sensor and the millimeter wave radar sensor (5011) on the hole cover (100) continuously monitor; S2: The millimeter wave radar sensor (5011) monitors the activities around the hole cover (100) in real time. The pressure sensor (5012) monitors the surface load of the hole cover (100), and the automatic induction monitoring system (500) processes the monitored data in real time to judge whether the approaching object is a staff member; S3: And before entering the hole (700), an RFID reader is set to detect the work permit of the entering staff member and perform the opening and closing work of the hole cover (100); S4: Send an instruction through the control layer (502) to control the electrode conversion of the electromagnetic block (202) on the back side of the cover and the electromagnetic block (201) on the back side of the hole to perform adsorption. Due to the change of the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnetic block, the hole cover (100) is driven to move to the back side of the hole (700) to perform the opening work; S5: After the wire release work is completed, the millimeter wave radar sensor (5011) monitors the distance of the staff member. After reaching the preset away time, a closing instruction is triggered to control the electromagnetic block group (200) to change the electrode direction and restore to the initial state.

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