Auxiliary positioning device for longitudinal tibia osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of surgical auxiliary positioning, and discloses an auxiliary positioning device for a tibia longitudinal osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, which comprises an operating bed, an auxiliary positioning part is arranged on the operating bed, and the auxiliary positioning part comprises an inclined plate support fixedly connected to the operating bed. A fixed clamping plate is hinged to the top end of the inclined plate support, and a rubber clamping plate is fixedly connected into the inner wall of the fixed clamping plate; under the driving of an electric cylinder, an arc-shaped top plate indirectly rotates and generates up-and-down offset motion, so that when an arc-shaped rubber abutting plate is driven to passively move upwards, the shanks of a patient are lifted to rotate inwards and the flexion and extension gap between the femur and the tibia is measured, two shank fixing frame plates can expand in advance, and the motion of the two shank fixing frame plates is prevented from generating interference; therefore, the problem that an assistant manually drives an unconscious patient to do leg flexion and extension movement is solved, and meanwhile, the auxiliary positioning effect of operation on thighs and shanks of the patient can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of surgical auxiliary positioning, in particular to an auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal osteotomy position of the tibia in unicompartmental knee replacement. Background Art

[0002] The knee joint is an important joint in the human body that carries movement and supports gravity. As people pursue a more active lifestyle, knee injuries and pathologies are more likely to occur. Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disease of the knee joint, mostly affecting the elderly. However, as young people become increasingly obese, this places a greater burden on the knee joint, resulting in an increasing number of cases of osteoarthritis among young people.

[0003] The knee joint is also the largest and most complex joint in the human body. It is composed of the femur, tibia, patella, meniscus, ligaments, tendons, and synovium. It is primarily responsible for bearing weight, buffering pressure, and enabling leg flexion and extension. Common problems include sports injuries, osteoarthritis, and synovitis.

[0004] In the prior art, in orthopedic surgery on the knee joint, the patient's leg is fixed and limited by a surgical leg frame. However, during the operation, the patient's lower leg needs to be flexed to measure the gap between the femur and tibia, so that the flexion and extension gaps and the extension gaps between the femur and tibia can be balanced. Specifically, this is to evaluate joint stability, prosthesis matching or ligament balance to ensure the accuracy of the operation. However, this knee flexion process is still performed manually by the surgeon's assistant. The weight of the human limbs is very heavy when the human body is unconscious, and manual detection is relatively laborious. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that during the operation, the patient's lower leg needs to be flexed to measure the gap between the femur and tibia, so that the flexion and extension gap and the extension gap between the femur and tibia can be balanced, specifically to evaluate the joint stability, prosthesis matching or ligament balance to ensure the accuracy of the operation. However, this knee flexion process is still manually operated by the surgeon's assistant. The human body has a lot of weight in an unconscious state, and manual detection is relatively laborious. The present invention provides an auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal osteotomy position of the tibial bone in unicompartmental knee replacement.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal osteotomy position of the tibial bone during unicompartmental knee replacement, comprising a surgical table, the surgical table being provided with an auxiliary positioning part, the auxiliary positioning part comprising an oblique plate support fixedly connected to the surgical table, the top of the oblique plate support being hingedly provided with a fixing splint fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing splint, the fixing splint and the inner wall of the rubber splint being jointly fixedly connected to a connecting block at both ends, a handle rod being passed through the plate body of the connecting block and being slidably connected to the rod body of the handle rod, a rectangular clamping plate being provided on the other end plate body of the connecting block and a rectangular groove being provided on the inner wall of the other connecting block, the cylindrical groove being further provided, the rectangular clamping plate and the inner wall of the cylindrical groove being slidably clamped, and the surgical table being further provided with a clamping flexion and extension structure.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping flexion and extension structure includes an ear plate 1 fixedly connected to the operating bed, a rotating shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the ear plate 1, an electric cylinder is movably sleeved on the rotating shaft 1, and an ear plate 2 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the electric cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, a second rotating shaft is movably sleeved on the plate body of the second ear plate, an inclined plate is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, and a bidirectional screw is movably sleeved on one side plate body of the inclined plate.

[0009] Preferably, a curved fixed plate is rotatably connected to the rod body of the bidirectional screw, the bottom end plate of the curved fixed plate is fixedly connected to the operating table, and the curved fixed plate and the inclined plate are rotatably connected in a fitting manner.

[0010] Preferably, both sides of the bidirectional screw are threadedly connected to calf fixing frame plates, and the two calf fixing frame plates are also jointly and slidably connected to a sliding rod.

[0011] Preferably, the bidirectional screw and the sliding rod are both movably sleeved with double-loop rods on both sides of the rod body, and the bottom end rod bodies of the two double-loop rods are fixedly connected to the operating bed. The bidirectional screw will synchronously drive the two calf fixing frame plates on the rod body to move in opposite directions under the guide limit of the sliding rod.

[0012] Preferably, a curved top plate is fixedly connected to the other side plate of the inclined plate, and the curved top plate is slidably connected to an outer wall of one end of the curved fixed plate.

[0013] Preferably, a U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the curved fixed plate, and the inner wall of the U-shaped plate and the outer wall of the curved top plate are fitted and slidably connected.

[0014] Preferably, a special-shaped curved frame is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the curved top plate, and two ball shafts are movably connected to the top outer wall of one side of the special-shaped curved frame. The two ball shafts are also movably connected to a curved rubber plate. The ball shafts will drive the connected curved rubber plate to make real-time adjustments based on the angle changes generated when the legs move downward, ensuring that they will continue to adhere to the patient's calf area.

[0015] Preferably, the arc-shaped plate bodies of the two calf fixing frame plates and the plate bodies of the arc-shaped rubber abutting plates are both made of natural rubber.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention places the leg that needs surgery in flexion and extension in a rubber splint, then combines the fixed splint, and fits the two connecting blocks together, thereby wrapping the rubber splint and the fixed splint around the human thigh. The handle is then pressed to drive the rectangular clamping plate into the cylindrical groove, and then the handle is rotated to drive the rectangular clamping plate to rotate 90 degrees in the cylindrical groove, thereby clamping it in the cylindrical groove in one of the connecting blocks to fix it in place. The material of the rubber splint is used to prevent damage to the thigh during positioning and fixing.

[0018] The present invention indirectly rotates the arc-shaped top plate under the drive of the electric cylinder, generating an up and down offset movement, thereby driving the arc-shaped rubber plate to passively move upward, lifting the patient's calf for internal rotation, and when measuring the flexion and extension gap between the femur and tibia, the two calf fixing frame plates will also expand first to avoid interference with the movement of the two, thereby solving the problem of manually driving the unconscious patient to perform leg flexion and extension movement, and at the same time can also assist in positioning the patient's thigh and calf for surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall planar structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the connecting block of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the auxiliary positioning part of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the motion plane structure of the auxiliary positioning part of the present invention (part 1);

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the motion plane structure of the auxiliary positioning part of the present invention (part 2).

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 1. Operating table;

[0027] 2. Auxiliary positioning part; 21. Inclined plate support; 22. Fixed splint; 23. Rubber splint; 24. Connecting block; 25. Handle rod; 26. Rectangular clamping plate; 27. Cylindrical groove; 28. Ear plate one; 29. Rotating shaft one; 230. Electric cylinder; 231. Ear plate two; 232. Rotating shaft two; 233. Inclined plate; 234. Bidirectional screw; 235. Arc surface fixed plate; 236. Calf fixing frame plate; 237. Sliding rod; 238. Double loop rod; 239. Arc top plate; 240. U-shaped plate; 241. Special-shaped bending frame; 242. Ball shaft; 243. Arc rubber plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides an auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal osteotomy position of the tibial bone in unicompartmental replacement, including an operating bed 1, an auxiliary positioning part 2 is provided on the operating bed 1, and the auxiliary positioning part 2 includes an oblique plate support 21 fixedly connected to the operating bed 1, and a fixed splint 22 is hinged on the top end of the oblique plate support 21, and a rubber splint 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed splint 22, and a connecting block 24 is jointly fixedly connected to the inner walls of both ends of the fixed splint 22 and the rubber splint 23. A handle rod 25 is passed through the plate body of one connecting block 24 for sliding connection, and a rectangular clamping plate 26 is fixedly connected to the rod body of one end of the handle rod 25, and a rectangular groove is opened on the other end plate body of the other connecting block 24, which can be fitted and slidably connected with the rectangular clamping plate 26, and a cylindrical groove 27 is also opened in the inner wall of the other connecting block 24, and the rectangular clamping plate 26 and the inner wall of the cylindrical groove 27 can be slidably clamped, and a clamping flexion and extension structure is also provided on the operating bed 1.

[0030] The above scheme is adopted: when the patient lies on the operating table 1, the leg that needs surgery is placed in the rubber splint 23 with the leg flexed and extended, and then the fixed splint 22 is combined to fit the two connecting blocks 24, so that the rubber splint 23 and the fixed splint 22 are wrapped around the human thigh, and then the handle rod 25 is pressed to drive the rectangular clamping plate 26 into the cylindrical groove 27, and then the handle rod 25 is rotated to drive the rectangular clamping plate 26 to rotate 90 degrees in the cylindrical groove 27, thereby being clamped in the cylindrical groove 27 in one of the connecting blocks 24 to fix it in position, and the material of the rubber splint 23 is used to prevent damage to the thigh when it is positioned and fixed.

[0031] The clamping flexion and extension structure includes an ear plate 28 fixedly connected to the operating table 1, a rotating shaft 29 is fixedly connected to the ear plate 28, an electric cylinder 230 is movably sleeved on the rotating shaft 29, an ear plate 231 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the electric cylinder 230, a rotating shaft 232 is movably sleeved on the plate body of the ear plate 231, an inclined plate 233 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 232, a bidirectional screw 234 is movably sleeved on one side of the inclined plate 233, and an arc surface is rotatably connected to the rod body of the bidirectional screw 234. The fixed plate 235 and the bottom plate of the curved fixed plate 235 are fixedly connected to the operating bed 1, and the curved fixed plate 235 and the inclined plate 233 are fitted and rotatably connected. The two side rod bodies of the bidirectional screw 234 are threadedly connected with the calf fixing frame plates 236, and the two calf fixing frame plates 236 are also jointly slidably connected with the sliding rod 237. The two side rod bodies of the bidirectional screw 234 and the sliding rod 237 are also jointly movably connected with double loop rods 238, and the bottom end rod bodies of the two double loop rods 238 are fixedly connected to the operating bed 1.

[0032] The above scheme is adopted: the human body's calf part is pressed against the arc-shaped rubber plate 243, and the electric cylinder 230 is started to retract its movable end, thereby driving the rotating shaft 232 on the ear plate 231 and the inclined plate 233 to move synchronously, and then the inclined plate 233 will rotate and move downward with the bidirectional screw 234 on the arc-shaped fixed plate 235. At this time, the electric cylinder 230 will also rotate and offset with the rotating shaft 1 29 installed on the ear plate 1 28 as the axis point, and the rotation of the inclined plate 233 will also synchronously drive the bidirectional screw 234 to rotate, thereby the bidirectional screw 234 will synchronously drive the two calf fixing frame plates 236 on the rod body to move in opposite directions under the guide limit of the sliding rod 237, and expand between the two calf fixing frame plates 236, thereby not hindering the calf part that is gradually driven downward and curled.

[0033] An arc-shaped top plate 239 is fixedly connected to the plate body on the other side of the inclined plate 233. The arc-shaped top plate 239 and the outer wall of one end of the arc-surface fixed plate 235 are fitted and slidably connected. A U-shaped plate 240 is also fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the arc-surface fixed plate 235. The inner wall of the U-shaped plate 240 and the outer wall of the arc-shaped top plate 239 are fitted and slidably connected. A special-shaped bent frame 241 is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the arc-shaped top plate 239. Two ball shafts 242 are movably connected to the top outer wall of one side of the special-shaped bent frame 241. The two ball shafts 242 are also movably connected to an arc-shaped rubber plate 243. The arc-shaped plate bodies of the two calf fixing frame plates 236 and the arc-shaped rubber plate 243 are all made of natural rubber.

[0034] Adopting the above scheme: the passive up and down rotation movement of the tilting plate 233 will drive the connected arc top plate 239 to move in real time under the limit of the arc fixed plate 235 and the U-shaped plate 240, and the passive downward movement of the arc top plate 239 will drive the special-shaped curved frame 241 to gradually reset, and in this movement process, the two ball shafts 242 installed on the special-shaped curved frame 241 will drive the connected arc-shaped rubber plate 243 to adjust in real time according to the angle change generated when the leg moves downward, ensuring that it will continue to adhere to the patient's calf part, and because the rubber material of the arc-shaped rubber plate 243 can slide on the patient's calf part when it is passively rotated and deflected, avoiding mutual pressure caused by gravity.

[0035] The working principle and usage process of the present invention are as follows: when the patient lies on the operating table 1, the leg that needs surgery is placed in the rubber splint 23, and then the fixed splint 22 is combined to fit the two connecting blocks 24, so that the rubber splint 23 and the fixed splint 22 are wrapped around the human thigh, and then the handle rod 25 is pressed to drive the rectangular clamping plate 26 into the cylindrical groove 27, and then the handle rod 25 is rotated to drive the rectangular clamping plate 26 to rotate 90 degrees in the cylindrical groove 27, thereby being clamped in the cylindrical groove 27 in one of the connecting blocks 24 to fix it in position, and the material of the rubber splint 23 is used to prevent damage to the thigh when it is positioned and fixed. At the same time, Figure 5 As shown, the human body's calf part fits and presses against the arc-shaped rubber plate 243, and the electric cylinder 230 is started to retract its movable end, thereby driving the rotating shaft 232 on the second ear plate 231 and the inclined plate 233 to move synchronously, and then the inclined plate 233 will rotate and move downward with the two-way screw 234 on the arc-surface fixed plate 235 as the axis point. At this time, the electric cylinder 230 will also rotate and offset with the rotating shaft 1 29 installed on the ear plate 1 28 as the axis point, and the rotation of the inclined plate 233 will also synchronously drive the two-way screw 234 to rotate, thereby the two-way screw 234 will synchronously drive the two calf fixing frame plates 236 on the rod body to move in opposite directions under the guidance limit of the sliding rod 237, so as to expand between the two calf fixing frame plates 236, thereby not hindering the calf part that is gradually driven downward and curled;

[0036] The passive up and down rotation of the tilt plate 233 will drive the connected arc top plate 239 to move in real time under the limit of the arc fixed plate 235 and the U-shaped plate 240. The passive downward movement of the arc top plate 239 will drive the special-shaped curved frame 241 to gradually reset. In the process of this movement, the two ball shafts 242 installed on the special-shaped curved frame 241 will drive the connected arc-shaped rubber plate 243 to adjust in real time according to the angle change generated when the leg moves downward, ensuring that it will continue to adhere to the patient's calf. Moreover, due to the rubber material of the arc-shaped rubber plate 243, it will be biased in the passive rotation. When measuring the flexion and extension gap between the femur and tibia, the two calf fixing frame plates 236 will also expand first to avoid interference between the two movements, thereby solving the problem of the assistant manually driving the unconscious patient to perform leg flexion and extension movements, and at the same time, it can also assist in positioning the patient's thigh and calf during surgery.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0038] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal osteotomy position of the tibia during unicompartmental knee replacement, comprising an operating table (1), characterized in that: The operating bed (1) is provided with an auxiliary positioning part (2), the auxiliary positioning part (2) includes an inclined plate support (21) fixedly connected to the operating bed (1), a fixed splint (22) is hinged on the top of the inclined plate support (21), a rubber splint (23) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed splint (22), and a connecting block (24) is fixedly connected to the inner walls of both ends of the fixed splint (22) and the rubber splint (23), and a plate of the connecting block (24) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed splint (22) and the rubber splint (23). A handle rod (25) is slidably connected to the body, and a rectangular clamping plate (26) is fixedly connected to one end of the handle rod (25). A rectangular groove capable of being fitted and slidably connected to the rectangular clamping plate (26) is provided on the other end plate of the other connecting block (24), and a cylindrical groove (27) is also provided in the inner wall of the other connecting block (24). The rectangular clamping plate (26) and the inner wall of the cylindrical groove (27) can be slidably clamped. The operating table (1) is also provided with a clamping flexion and extension structure.

2. The auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping flexion-extension structure includes an ear plate (28) fixedly connected to the operating bed (1), a rotating shaft (29) is fixedly connected to the ear plate (28), an electric cylinder (230) is movably sleeved on the rotating shaft (29), and an ear plate (231) is fixedly connected to the movable end of the electric cylinder (230).

3. The auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee replacement according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second rotating shaft (232) is movably sleeved on the plate body of the second ear plate (231), an inclined plate (233) is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (232), and a bidirectional screw (234) is movably sleeved on one side plate body of the inclined plate (233).

4. The auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bidirectional screw (234) is rotatably connected to a curved fixed plate (235), the bottom end plate of the curved fixed plate (235) is fixedly connected to the operating table (1), and the curved fixed plate (235) and the inclined plate (233) are rotatably connected in a fitting manner.

5. The auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee replacement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rod bodies on both sides of the bidirectional screw (234) are both threadedly connected to the calf fixing frame plates (236), and the plate bodies of the two calf fixing frame plates (236) are also jointly slidably connected to the sliding rods (237).

6. The auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee replacement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two side rod bodies of the bidirectional screw rod (234) and the sliding rod (237) are both movably sleeved with double-loop rods (238), and the bottom end rod bodies of the two double-loop rods (238) are both fixedly connected to the operating table (1).

7. The auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee replacement according to claim 6, characterized in that: The other side plate of the inclined plate (233) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped top plate (239), and the arc-shaped top plate (239) is slidably connected to the outer wall of one end of the arc-surface fixed plate (235).

8. The auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee replacement according to claim 7, characterized in that: A U-shaped plate (240) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the arc surface fixed plate (235), and the inner wall of the U-shaped plate (240) and the outer wall of the arc top plate (239) are fitted and slidably connected.

9. The auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee replacement according to claim 8, characterized in that: A special-shaped curved frame (241) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the arc-shaped top plate (239), and two ball shafts (242) are movably sleeved on the top outer wall of one side of the special-shaped curved frame (241), and an arc-shaped rubber plate (243) is also movably sleeved on the two ball shafts (242).

10. The auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position in unicompartmental knee replacement according to claim 9, characterized in that: The arc-shaped plate bodies of the two calf fixing frame plates (236) and the plate body of the arc-shaped rubber-resisting plate (243) are both made of natural rubber material.

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